CN101587276A - Optical mixer - Google Patents
Optical mixer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101587276A CN101587276A CNA2009100404485A CN200910040448A CN101587276A CN 101587276 A CN101587276 A CN 101587276A CN A2009100404485 A CNA2009100404485 A CN A2009100404485A CN 200910040448 A CN200910040448 A CN 200910040448A CN 101587276 A CN101587276 A CN 101587276A
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Abstract
The present invention provides an optical mixer, including a beam splitter having a first incident plane and a second incident plane neighboring and being vertical with each other, and having a first emergent face and a second emergent face neighboring and being vertical with each other, the first emergent face and the second emergent face of the beam splitter are all provided with a birefringent crystal separately; a signal light output port and a reference light output port are arranged facing to the first incident plane and the second incident plane of the beam splitter separately. The optical mixer of the invention is insensitive to a temperature change and is not easy to be subjected to affect of a mechanical vibration or impact, and has a high operation stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical mixer, specifically, is a kind of optical mixer that is used for the coherent detection system.
Background technology
Along with Internet development, people propose more and more higher requirement to the capacity of Fiber Optical Communication System and the transfer rate of Fiber Optical Communication System.Existing Fiber Optical Communication System adopts close wavelength-division multiplex technology, transmits wavelength optical signals on same optical fiber, to reach the purpose that improves traffic capacity.But because the continuous increase of bandwidth applications as application such as video conference, interconnection type Web TVs, makes the capacity of Fiber Optical Communication System be subjected to unprecedented pressure.
For addressing the above problem, some Fiber Optical Communication System adopt the differential phase keying (DPSK) technology, can transmit the data-signal of per second 40Gb on the existing fiber communication network, even the data-signal of higher per second 100Gb, and capacity pressure is alleviated.Using the differential phase keying (DPSK) Technology Need uses the coherent detection system to transmit intensity, phase place and the polarization state etc. of light signal with the detection fiber communication system, and the coherent detection system need use optical mixer that the flashlight that optical fiber transmits is mixed with local reference light, so that the amplifying signal light intensity can detect the balance detection device to flashlight.The structure principle chart of existing full-optical fiber optical mixer as shown in Figure 1.
Referring to Fig. 1, existing full-optical fiber optical mixer has as the signal optical source 61 of flashlight output port and as the reference light source 62 with reference to optical output port, also is provided with 71,72 and two bundling devices 78,79 of two beam splitters.Be connected by optical fiber 73,74 respectively between beam splitter 71 and the bundling device 78,79, be connected by optical fiber 75,76 respectively between beam splitter 72 and the bundling device 78,79, and on optical fiber 76, be provided with 90 ° of phase controllers 77.
Signal optical source 61 is to beam splitter 71 outgoing flashlight b1, and flashlight b 1 is divided into two light beams through behind the beam splitter 71, transmits in optical fiber 73,74 respectively.Reference light source 62 is to beam splitter 72 outgoing reference light b2, and reference light b2 is divided into two light beams through behind the beam splitter 72, transmits in optical fiber 75,76 respectively.
After the light beam that optical fiber 73,75 transmits enters bundling device 78, interfere, form two light beams b3, b4, and after the light beam that optical fiber 74,76 transmits enters bundling device 79, interfere, form two light beams b5, b5.Light beam b3, b4, b5, b6 are incident to four output ports of full-optical fiber optical mixer respectively.Like this, four light beams b3, b4, b5, the b6 of optical mixer output mix by flashlight b1 and reference light b2, have both comprised the information of flashlight b1, and therefore luminous power can be convenient to the balance detection device and receive greater than the luminous power of flashlight b1.
And, a phase controller 77 is set on optical fiber 76, phase controller 77 includes temperature controller, and optical fiber 76 is carried out heat treated, with the transfer rate of change light beam in optical fiber 76, thus the phase place of change light beam.
But, because use optical fiber is connected between two beam splitters 71,72 of full-optical fiber optical mixer and two bundling devices 78,79, and that light beam transfer rate in optical fiber varies with temperature is very responsive, often causes causing the change generation of situation of the light beam phase place of optical fiber output because of temperature variation.
And optical fiber also is subjected to the influence of mechanical vibration and impact easily, influences the stability of optical mixer work.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention provides a kind of to the insensitive optical mixer of temperature variation;
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of optical mixer that is not vulnerable to mechanical vibration and shock effect.
For realizing above-mentioned fundamental purpose, optical mixer provided by the invention comprises beam splitter, it has adjacent and orthogonal first plane of incidence and second plane of incidence, and have adjacent and orthogonal first exit facet and second exit facet, first exit facet and second exit facet of beam splitter are equipped with birefringece crystal outward, and first exit facet and be arranged between its outer birefringece crystal and be provided with phase controller; Be provided with the flashlight output port over against beam splitter first plane of incidence, be used for first plane of incidence outgoing flashlight, be provided with the reference light output port, be used for second plane of incidence outgoing reference light to beam splitter over against beam splitter second plane of incidence to beam splitter.
When using optical mixer, flashlight and reference light are respectively from first plane of incidence and second plane of incidence incident of beam splitter, and in beam splitter, interfere the formation two light beams, from first exit facet and the second exit facet outgoing of beam splitter, the light beam after the outgoing is respectively through forming four bundle outgoing beams behind the birefringece crystal respectively.
By such scheme as seen, between optical mixer incident beam of the present invention and the outgoing beam optical fiber is not set, optical mixer is not vulnerable to influence of temperature variation, is not vulnerable to mechanical vibration or shock effect yet, and the working stability performance is higher.
A preferred scheme is, be provided with the first incident birefringece crystal between first plane of incidence of flashlight output port and beam splitter, be provided with the second incident birefringece crystal between second plane of incidence of reference light output port and beam splitter, and with reference to shape angle at 45 between the spindle face of the polarization state of light direction and the second incident birefringece crystal.
By such scheme as seen, be provided with first birefringece crystal between the flashlight output port and beam splitter first plane of incidence, be provided with second birefringece crystal between the reference light output port and beam splitter second plane of incidence, promptly flashlight and reference light all form two fixing bundle flashlights of polarization state and reference light through birefringece crystal and are incident in the beam splitter and interfere.Like this, the uncertain flashlight of polarization state is through forming the fixing two light beams of polarization state behind the birefringece crystal, and polarization state was determined when itself and reference light were interfered, and the uncertain situation of polarization state takes place when avoiding flashlight to mix with reference light.
And optical mixer only uses a beam splitter, and the device of use is less, and production cost is lower, is convenient to the large-scale production and application of optical mixer.
Further scheme is, first plane of incidence of the plane of incidence of the first incident birefringece crystal and beam splitter be arranged in parallel, and second plane of incidence of the plane of incidence of the second incident birefringece crystal and beam splitter be arranged in parallel, like this, flashlight and reference light through the first incident birefringece crystal and the second incident birefringece crystal vertically are incident to beam splitter, better in beam splitter internal interference effect, optical mixer output beam intensity is bigger, helps the reception of balance detection device and signal is carried out calculation process.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of existing full-optical fiber optical mixer;
Fig. 2 is the structure principle chart of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structure principle chart of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the structure principle chart of third embodiment of the invention.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment
First embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 2, present embodiment has a beam splitter 10, and beam splitter 10 is the polarization-independent beam splitting device, and it has four adjacent successively surfaces, be respectively first plane of incidence 11, second plane of incidence 12 and second exit facet 14, first exit facet 13, and two adjacent surfaces are vertical mutually.Be provided with a beam splitter 15 in the beam splitter 10, the angle α that forms between the beam splitter 15 and first plane of incidence 11 is 45 °.
As the signal optical source 61 of present embodiment flashlight output port first plane of incidence 11 over against beam splitter 10, the flashlight that optical fiber communication network transmits vertically shines on first plane of incidence 11 through signal optical source 61.Over against second plane of incidence 12, local reference light is vertically from 12 outgoing of second plane of incidence as the reference light source 62 of present embodiment reference light output port.Birefringece crystal 16 is provided with one 90 ° phase controller 18 over against first exit facet 13 between first exit facet 13 and birefringece crystal 16, and birefringece crystal 17 is provided with over against second exit facet 14.
The signal optical source 61 flashlight S1 that polarization state is fixing vertically shines on first plane of incidence 11, on reference light source 62 reference light R1 outgoing to the second plane of incidence 12 that polarization state is fixing.As seen from Figure 1, shape angle at 45 between the polarization state of flashlight S1 and first plane of incidence 11, also shape angle at 45 between the polarization state of reference light R1 and second plane of incidence 12, and the polarization state of flashlight S1 is parallel with the polarization state of reference light R1.
After flashlight S1 and reference light R1 incide beam splitter 10, on beam splitter 15, interfere, form orthogonal two-beam b11 and b14, and the polarization state of light beam b11 is vertical mutually with the polarization state of light beam b14.Light beam b11 is through 13 outgoing of first exit facet, and process phase controller 18 is incident in the birefringece crystal 16 formation ordinary light b12 and non-ordinary light b13.Ordinary light b12 is vertical mutually with the polarization state of non-ordinary light b13, so two-beam can not interfere.Ordinary light b12 and non-ordinary light b13 are balanced the detector reception after birefringece crystal 16 outgoing.
In the same manner, light beam b14 enters birefringece crystal 17 through 14 outgoing of second exit facet, forms ordinary light b16 and non-ordinary light b15 and is balanced the detector reception.Because the information that ordinary light b12, the b16 of the outgoing of process optical mixer and non-ordinary light b13, b15 had both comprised flashlight S1, and luminous power is greater than the luminous power of flashlight S1, therefore can be convenient to the balance detection device and receive, and signal be carried out calculation process by the balance detection device.
As seen, in the present embodiment, between light beam b12, the b13 of flashlight output port, reference light output port and optical mixer output, b15, the b16 optical fiber is not set, optical mixer is not vulnerable to the influence of temperature variation, mechanical vibration and impact, and job stability is higher.
Second embodiment:
Certainly, first embodiment has strict requirement to the polarization state of flashlight S1 and reference light R1, and for reference light R1, because its locality, its polarization state is controlled.But for the flashlight S1 after transmitting through long distance, its polarization state is unpredictable often, therefore uses single optical mixer often can not satisfy actual request for utilization.
In order to address this problem, the invention provides another kind of optical mixer, it uses a polarization beam apparatus (PBS, Polarization Beam Splitter) that flashlight is handled, and its structure principle chart is as shown in Figure 3.
Referring to Fig. 3, present embodiment has the beam splitter of two received signal light and reference light, be respectively first beam splitter 20 and second beam splitter 30, and second plane of incidence 32 of second plane of incidence 22 of first beam splitter 20 and second beam splitter 30 is oppositely arranged.
Outside two beam splitters 20,30, be provided with polarization beam apparatus 63, the plane of incidence of polarization beam apparatus 63 is provided with signal optical source 61 outward, flashlight S2 is after signal optical source 61 outgoing, form fixing flashlight S21 and the S22 of two bundle polarization states through polarization beam apparatus 63, be incident to first plane of incidence 21 of first beam splitter 20 and first plane of incidence 31 of second beam splitter 30 respectively.
Be provided with the 3rd beam splitter 64 between second plane of incidence 22 of the first beam splitter device 20 and second plane of incidence 32 of second beam splitter 30, reference light source 62 is over against the plane of incidence of the 3rd beam splitter 64, and two exit facets of the 3rd beam splitter 64 form two reference light output ports of present embodiment.Reference light R2 forms two-beam R21 and R22 through beam splitter 64 backs, be incident to second plane of incidence 22 of first beam splitter 20 and second plane of incidence 32 of second beam splitter 30 respectively, and on the beam splitter 35 of the beam splitter 25 of first beam splitter 20 and second beam splitter 30, interfere.
Flashlight S21 and reference light R21 interfere the back to form two-beam b21 and b24, light beam b21 is after 23 outgoing of first beam splitter, 20 first exit facets, be incident to birefringece crystal 26 through phase controller 28, form orthogonal ordinary light b22 of polarization state and non-ordinary light b23.In the same manner, light beam b24 forms orthogonal ordinary light b26 of polarization state and non-ordinary light b25 through birefringece crystal 27 backs after second exit facet, 24 outgoing of first beam splitter 20.
Equally, flashlight S22 and reference light R22 interfere the light beam of back formation again through birefringece crystal 36,37 outputs four light beams on the beam splitter 35 of second beam splitter 30, be used to be balanced the detector reception and signal is carried out calculation process.
Present embodiment uses 63 couples of flashlight S2 of polarization beam apparatus to carry out beam splitting and handles, and makes the uncertain flashlight S2 of polarization state be divided into fixing flashlight S21 and the S22 of two bundle polarization states, has realized mixing of the uncertain flashlight S2 of polarization state and reference light R2.
The 3rd embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 4, present embodiment has a beam splitter 40, beam splitter 40 is a polarization beam apparatus, its xsect is square, have four surfaces that link to each other successively, be respectively two adjacent and orthogonal first planes of incidence 41, second plane of incidence 42, and two adjacent and orthogonal first exit facets 43, second exit facet 44.One reflective polarizing layer 45 is arranged in the beam splitter 40, and the angle β that forms between the polarization layer 45 and first plane of incidence 41 is 45 °.
As the signal optical source 61 of present embodiment flashlight output port over against beam splitter 40 first planes of incidence 41, the plane of incidence 52 that is provided with the first incident birefringece crystal, 51, the first incident birefringece crystals 51 between the signal optical source 61 and first plane of incidence 41 is parallel with first plane of incidence 41 of beam splitter 40.And signal optical source 61 is vertical with the plane of incidence 52 of the first incident birefringece crystal 51, so that flashlight S3 vertically is incident in the first incident birefringece crystal 51.
In the same manner, as the reference light source 62 of present embodiment reference light output port over against beam splitter 40 second planes of incidence 42, the plane of incidence 57 that is provided with the second incident birefringece crystal, 56, the second incident birefringece crystals 56 between the reference light source 62 and second plane of incidence 42 is parallel with second plane of incidence 42 of beam splitter 40.And reference light source 62 is vertical with the plane of incidence 57 of the second incident birefringece crystal 56, and reference light R3 vertically is incident in the plane of incidence 57.Simultaneously, shape angle at 45 between the polarization state direction of the spindle face of the second incident birefringece crystal 56 and reference light R3 is divided into two light beams after making reference light R3 be incident to the second incident birefringece crystal 56 equably.
Preferably, the first incident birefringece crystal 51 and the birefringece crystal of the second incident birefringece crystal 56 for being manufactured from the same material are as yttrium vanadate crystal (YVO
4).Certainly, the first incident birefringece crystal 51 also can be two kinds of different birefringece crystals with the second incident birefringece crystal 56, as icelandspar, kalzit etc.
Be provided with two birefringece crystals that be arranged in parallel 46,47 outside first exit facet 43 of beam splitter 40, and between first exit facet 43 and birefringece crystal 46,47, be provided with 90 ° phase controller 48.Outside second exit facet 44 of beam splitter 40, also be provided with two birefringece crystals that be arranged in parallel 49,50.Be arranged on the outer birefringece crystal 46,47,49,50 of 40 two exit facets of beam splitter and be used to receive light beam, and each light beams is divided into the fixing two light beams of polarization state from beam splitter 40 outgoing.
The uncertain flashlight S3 of polarization state vertically is incident in the first incident birefringece crystal 51 after signal optical source 61 outgoing, and form two and restraint be parallel to each other outgoing and the fixing two light beams of polarization state, be respectively ordinary light S31 and non-ordinary light S32.As seen from Figure 3, ordinary light S31 is vertical mutually with the polarization state of non-ordinary light S32.And ordinary light S31 and non-ordinary light S32 vertically incide in first plane of incidence 41 of beam splitter 40.
In the same manner, reference light R3 is after reference light source 62 outgoing, vertically be incident in the second incident birefringece crystal 56, and form the ordinary light R31 and the non-ordinary light R32 of the parallel outgoing of two bundles, and ordinary light R31 fixes with the polarization state of non-ordinary light R32 and mutual vertical.Ordinary light R31 and non-ordinary light R32 vertically are incident in second plane of incidence 42 of beam splitter 40 after 56 outgoing of second birefringece crystal.
As seen from Figure 4, after ordinary light S31 that polarization state is parallel and R31 incide beam splitter 40, intersect at the A point place of polarization layer 45, and interfere at A point place, form orthogonal light beam b31 and light beam b34, wherein light beam b31 is perpendicular to first exit facet 43, and through 43 outgoing of first exit facet.After the light beam b31 outgoing, be incident to birefringece crystal 46, form polarization state fixing ordinary light b33 and non-ordinary light b32 through behind the phase controller 48.
In the same manner, light beam b34 is vertical with second exit facet 44, and through 44 outgoing of second exit facet to birefringece crystal 50, form polarization state fixing ordinary light b35 and non-ordinary light b36.Be balanced detector after ordinary light b33, b35 and non-ordinary light b32, the b36 outgoing and receive, and signal is carried out calculation process by the balance detection device.
In addition, after non-ordinary light S32 that polarization state is parallel and R32 are incident to beam splitter 40, point out at the B of polarization layer 45 and to intersect and interfere, form orthogonal light beam b41 and b44, light beam b41 is vertically through 43 outgoing of first exit facet, and light beam b44 is vertically through 44 outgoing of second exit facet.
After the light beam b41 outgoing, be incident in the birefringece crystal 47, form polarization state fixing ordinary light b43 and non-ordinary light b42 through phase controller 48.Light beam b44 outgoing forms polarization state fixing ordinary light b45 and non-ordinary light b46 to birefringece crystal 49.
Form through interfering the back by flashlight S3 and reference light R3 from the light beam of optical mixer outgoing, so the light beam of outgoing both included the information of flashlight S3, and luminous power is greater than the power of flashlight S3, realizes mixing of flashlight S3 and reference light R3.
And, flashlight S3 forms polarization state fixing two light beams S31 and S32 through the first incident birefringece crystal, 61 backs, therefore, even it is uncertain through long polarization state apart from the flashlight S3 that transmits, through forming the fixing light beam of two bundle polarization states behind the first incident birefringece crystal 61, the flashlight that the realization polarization state is fixed mixes with reference light.
Simultaneously, present embodiment only uses a polarization beam apparatus 40, the light beam that flashlight S3 and reference light R3 are divided into interferes in same beam splitter, the device that optical mixer uses is less, when reducing the optical mixer production cost, also reduce the volume of optical mixer, be convenient to applying of optical mixer.
Certainly, above-mentioned three embodiment only are preferable embodiments of the present invention, in the practical application, more change can also be arranged, and for example, between the birefringece crystal 46,47 and first exit facet 43 phase controller are set respectively; Perhaps the first incident birefringece crystal 61 and the second incident birefringece crystal 62 are crystal such as icelandspar or kalzit; Or reducing the outer birefringece crystal quantity of beam splitter exit facet to reduce optical mixer outgoing beam quantity etc., these change does not influence enforcement of the present invention.
It is emphasized that at last; the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned embodiment, as first birefringece crystal and second birefringece crystal small variation such as the change of position, the change of beam splitter manufactured materials is set and also should be included in the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, optical mixer is characterized in that: comprise
Beam splitter has adjacent and orthogonal first plane of incidence and second plane of incidence, and has adjacent and orthogonal first exit facet and second exit facet;
First exit facet and second exit facet of described beam splitter are equipped with birefringece crystal outward, and first exit facet and be arranged between its outer birefringece crystal and be provided with phase controller;
Flashlight output port over against beam splitter first plane of incidence is provided with is used for first plane of incidence outgoing flashlight to beam splitter;
Reference light output port over against beam splitter second plane of incidence is provided with is used for second plane of incidence outgoing reference light to beam splitter.
2, optical mixer according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described optical mixer has two described beam splitters, and second plane of incidence of second plane of incidence of first beam splitter and second beam splitter is oppositely arranged;
A polarization beam apparatus is set outside first plane of incidence of two beam splitters, is used for first plane of incidence outgoing flashlight to first beam splitter and second beam splitter;
The plane of incidence over against described polarization beam apparatus is provided with signal optical source.
3, optical mixer according to claim 2 is characterized in that:
Be provided with the 3rd beam splitter between second plane of incidence of described first beam splitter and second plane of incidence of second beam splitter, be used for second plane of incidence outgoing reference light to first beam splitter and second beam splitter;
The plane of incidence over against described the 3rd beam splitter is provided with reference light source.
4, optical mixer according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Be provided with the first incident birefringece crystal between first plane of incidence of described flashlight output port and beam splitter;
Be provided with the second incident birefringece crystal between second plane of incidence of described reference light output port and beam splitter, described with reference to shape angle at 45 between the spindle face of polarization state of light direction and the described second incident birefringece crystal.
5, optical mixer according to claim 4 is characterized in that:
The plane of incidence of the described first incident birefringece crystal is parallel with first plane of incidence of beam splitter.
6, optical mixer according to claim 5 is characterized in that:
The plane of incidence of the described second incident birefringece crystal is parallel with second plane of incidence of beam splitter.
7, according to each described optical mixer of claim 4 to 6, it is characterized in that:
Described beam splitter is a polarization beam apparatus, and described polarization beam apparatus has a reflective polarizing layer, shape angle at 45 between the described reflective polarizing layer and described first plane of incidence.
8, according to each described optical mixer of claim 4 to 6, it is characterized in that:
The vertical setting of the plane of incidence of described flashlight output port and the first incident birefringece crystal, the plane of incidence of described flashlight vertical incidence to the first incident birefringece crystal.
9, according to each described optical mixer of claim 4 to 6, it is characterized in that:
The vertical setting of the plane of incidence of described reference light output port and the second incident birefringece crystal, the plane of incidence of described reference light vertical incidence to the second incident birefringece crystal.
10, according to each described optical mixer of claim 4 to 6, it is characterized in that:
First exit facet of described beam splitter and second exit facet are equipped with two birefringece crystals that be arranged in parallel outward.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2009100404485A CN101587276A (en) | 2009-06-16 | 2009-06-16 | Optical mixer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2009100404485A CN101587276A (en) | 2009-06-16 | 2009-06-16 | Optical mixer |
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|---|---|
| CN101587276A true CN101587276A (en) | 2009-11-25 |
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| CNA2009100404485A Pending CN101587276A (en) | 2009-06-16 | 2009-06-16 | Optical mixer |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110140020A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2019-08-16 | 诺基亚美国公司 | Hybrid Raman spectrum and optical coherence Tomography |
| CN115047637A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-09-13 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Broadband beam-splitting crystal birefringence multi-wavelength space optical bridge |
-
2009
- 2009-06-16 CN CNA2009100404485A patent/CN101587276A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110140020A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2019-08-16 | 诺基亚美国公司 | Hybrid Raman spectrum and optical coherence Tomography |
| CN110140020B (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2023-11-21 | 诺基亚美国公司 | Hybrid Raman Spectroscopy and Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging |
| CN115047637A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-09-13 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Broadband beam-splitting crystal birefringence multi-wavelength space optical bridge |
| CN115047637B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-10-10 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Broadband beam-splitting crystal birefringent multi-wavelength space optical bridge |
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Open date: 20091125 |