CN101587201B - Full optical fibre quarter-wave plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Full optical fibre quarter-wave plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101587201B CN101587201B CN2008100433731A CN200810043373A CN101587201B CN 101587201 B CN101587201 B CN 101587201B CN 2008100433731 A CN2008100433731 A CN 2008100433731A CN 200810043373 A CN200810043373 A CN 200810043373A CN 101587201 B CN101587201 B CN 101587201B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a full optical fibre quarter-wave plate, which comprises the following steps: step1, splicing one end of a circular core wire polarization-preserving optical fibre used for transmission and one end of a section of single mode optical fibre in a fusion mode, and splicing one end of a circular core sensing optical fibre with the other end of the singlemode optical fibre in a fusion mode; step 2, taking at least a section of the optical fibre as an auxiliary optical fibre, placing the auxiliary optical fibre to be parallel and abutting against one side or both sides of the single mode optical fibre of the spliced fibre structure in the step 1, and making a main shaft of the circular core wire polarization-preserving optical fibre form an angle of 45 DEG with a placed plane; and step 3, heating and melting concatenated single mode optical fibre areas with high temperature, making the single mode optical fibre of the heating area and the auxiliary fibre achieve a melting state and be melted together, continuously heating and making the single mode optical fibre of a circular core gradually be elliptical, and controlling the heating and welding time to prepare and form the quarter-wave plate. The preparation method utilizes common single mode optical fibres to prepare the quarter-wave plate with tiny loss, and also can be used for preparing other set wave plates.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the quarter-wave plate in a kind of all-fiber current sensor, the invention still further relates to its preparation method.
Background technology
The optical-fiber type quarter-wave plate is used widely at present, particularly in optical fiber type current sensor, obtains important application.The positive light of the linear polarization that comes from linear birefringence optical fiber can be transformed into circularly polarized light by it, enter in the sensor fibre after the output.Usually in optical fiber type current sensor, quarter-wave plate is between linear birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre and sensor fibre.And full-fiber quarter wave plate actual be exactly a segment length be 1/4th to clap long birefringence fibers, identical with the line polarization maintaining optical fibre usually, just when welding, 45 angles of spending are arranged with the main shaft of Transmission Fibers (line polarization maintaining optical fibre).In Fig. 1, be quarter-wave plate between A point and the B point.Present most popular optical fiber is exactly panda type polarization-preserving fiber, owing to have the thermal stress rod in the panda type optical fiber structure, belongs to the stress birefrin polarization maintaining optical fibre, and the performance of the quarter-wave plate of making of its varies with temperature sensitive especially.Thereby there is report to utilize oval core polarization maintaining optical fibre to prepare quarter-wave plate, because elliptical core fiber is to belong to birefringence fiber how much, the quarter-wave plate thermal stability made from it improves a lot, but having brought another problem is exactly between elliptical core fiber and the circle heart yearn birefringence polarization maintaining optical fibre, and and center of circle sensor fibre between splice loss, splice attenuation bigger than normal.If light path back and forth once, promptly through four welding points, so the optical loss that produces because of welding point is bigger.In addition, because common linear birefringence optical fiber, no matter be all shorter the stress birefrin (as panda type optical fiber) or the bat of how much birefringence fibers (elliptical core fiber) are grown, 2mm is to about the 6mm, make and utilize them directly to make quarter-wave plate, its length has only 0.5mm to 1.5mm, therefore want accurately control very difficult thing really with the birefringence fiber length of making quarter-wave plate, unless utilize the special long long elliptical core fiber of clapping that has, can increase the cost of system like this.But can't solve splice loss, splice attenuation problem between elliptical core fiber and the center of circle optical fiber.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of full-fiber quarter wave plate, and its key can reduce splice loss, splice attenuation exactly.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, full-fiber quarter wave plate of the present invention is formed by the auxiliary optical fiber fusion of a section single-mould fiber and at least one section, in full-fiber quarter wave plate, wherein the single-mode fiber structure is for being gradient to the oval core of fusion area from the round core of two-end-point.Promptly, the single-mode fiber of original garden core is changed the birefringence fiber of ovalization core by auxiliary optical fiber and high temperature heating.Auxiliary optical fiber can be common single mode or multimode optical fiber, also can use the centreless fibre.
The preparation method of full-fiber quarter wave plate of the present invention comprises the steps:
Step 1 is carried out welding with an end of a line polarization maintaining optical fibre that is used to transmit and an end of a section single-mould fiber; Its other end then with an end welding of sensor fibre;
Step 2, get at least one section auxiliary optical fiber, be placed in parallel in the step 1 one or both sides of welding point in the optical fiber structure after the welding, and make auxiliary optical fiber with this section single-mould fiber part and put, the plane after the main shaft of described line polarization maintaining optical fibre and the placement becomes miter angle;
Step 3, juxtaposed single-mode fiber of heating and melting and auxiliary fiber area make heating zone optical fiber reach molten condition and fuse together, and at this moment, center of circle single-mode fiber is by ovalization gradually, and the preparation of control heating and melting time forms quarter-wave plate.
In preparation method of the present invention, center of circle single-mode fiber and center of circle linear birefringence fused fiber splice, and the welding between center of circle single-mode fiber and the center of circle sensor fibre, because relatively mate the mould field between these optical fiber, its splice loss, splice attenuation is lower naturally, and after the zone that single-mode fiber was added by high temperature forms elliptical core fiber, become oval core gradually from an end points circle of welding point core, change to the center of circle gradually from oval core again, (i.e. so-called " the adiabatic waveguide ") of the zone of transition of a section " changing slowly " all arranged, so loss is especially little.In step 3 heating and melting process of the present invention, the core of single-mode fiber by " flattening ", becomes elliptical core fiber gradually, and its double refraction beat-length continuously shortens (bat of supposing actual single-mode fiber here is long very long, and certain-length is arranged).By such technological process, not only can do quarter-wave plate, also can be made into other all kinds of wave plates.The added losses of made wave plate are generally less than 0.1dB, and representative value is 0.05dB.So preparation method of the present invention has a wide range of applications.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of common full-fiber quarter wave plate welding;
Fig. 2 is at the structural representation after the implementation step one in the concrete enforcement of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation after the step 2 in the concrete enforcement of the present invention;
Fig. 4 a is the cross section structure synoptic diagram of A point one side among Fig. 3;
Fig. 4 b is the cross section structure synoptic diagram of A point opposite side among Fig. 3;
Structural representation in Fig. 5 concrete enforcement of the present invention after the step 3;
Fig. 6 a is the cross section structure synoptic diagram of fusion area among Fig. 5;
Fig. 6 b is the elliptical core fiber of fusion area formation among Fig. 5 and the main shaft orientation maps of linear birefringence optical fiber;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation after the implementation step two in the another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 a is the cross section structure synoptic diagram of A point one side among Fig. 7;
Fig. 8 b is the cross section structure synoptic diagram of A point opposite side among Fig. 7 b;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation after the implementation step three in the another embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 a is the cross section structure synoptic diagram of fusion area among Fig. 9;
Figure 10 b is that the elliptical core fiber of fusion area formation among Fig. 9 and the main shaft of linear birefringence optical fiber are got
Figure 11 a and Figure 11 b are the melting zone cross section structure synoptic diagram after the implementation step three in the another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Under general situation, preparation process is as follows:
The first step: stress type circle heart yearn polarization maintaining optical fibre and a bit of common single mode optical fibres are welded together, its welding point position A, and then the other end of sensor fibre one end and this a bit of general single mode fiber is welding together, its welding point is the B (see figure 2), and the length of used single-mode fiber can be 1.0cm～8.0cm.The running parameter basically identical of the general and line polarization maintaining optical fibre of the single-mode fiber of institute's welding here, purpose is in order to obtain lower splice loss, splice attenuation, generally can to guarantee less than 0.1dB;
Second step was to get two diameters optical fiber the same or approaching with above-mentioned one section ordinary optic fibre (can be in single-mode fiber, multimode optical fiber and the centreless fibre at least a), the parallel respectively both sides that are placed on general single mode fiber, see Fig. 3, guarantee that simultaneously the main shaft of line polarization maintaining optical fibre becomes the miter angle degree with the plane of placement.In three parallel put areas, online polarization maintaining optical fibre one side (being the left side that A is ordered among Fig. 3), the shape of its xsect is shown in Fig. 4 a, and the opposite side of online polarization maintaining optical fibre (being the right side that A is ordered among Fig. 3), the shape of its xsect is shown in Fig. 4 b.Guarantee that three optical fiber are on same plane among Fig. 3;
The 3rd step was heated juxtaposed three fiber area with high temperature exactly, the input end stress type circle heart yearn polarization maintaining optical fibre tie-in line polarized light source of while in Fig. 5, and the output terminal sensor fibre inserts polarization analysis instrument or polarization isolation degree test instrument.Can make three optical fiber reach molten condition under the high temperature, and make three optical fiber fusions gradually together, this temperature range can be at 1450 ℃～1700 ℃, and concrete data can be obtained by the limited number of time test.In this process, the core of single-mode fiber by " flattening ", becomes elliptical core fiber gradually, becomes elliptical core fiber gradually from the circle core fibre, and its double refraction beat-length continuously shortens (it is long that the actual single-mode fiber of supposition has very long bat) here.The length of its ovalization core of that section single-mould fiber is L in the middle of supposing, the phase differential that is produced after the linearly polarized light that transmits on the main shaft is through this section optical fiber can be expressed as so:
Here β
xAnd β
yBe respectively two propagation constants on the main shaft because the ovality of core is relevant with the position, so they also transmission location Z is relevant.L is the total length of ovalization core district optical fiber.By the control melting time, phase differential reaches pi/2 gradually, just makes 1/4th this moment and claps the long wave sheet.In this process, can monitor line polarization light by the polarization analysis instrument and gradually change into circularly polarized light.If increase fusion range or by prolonging heat time heating time, increase the ovality of core, phase differential will continue to increase, and can make 1/2nd wave plates or full-wave plate, maybe can make the wave plate of any setting.The xsect of melting zone generally shown in Fig. 6 a, owing to the orientation of oval core is always vertical with the plane of placing, thereby has formed 45 angles of spending with linear birefringence light, shown in Fig. 6 b automatically.
Above-mentioned preparation method in second step, also can only get an auxiliary optical fiber and be placed on a side (see figure 7) among Fig. 2, before high-temperature fusion, its xsect shown in Fig. 8 a and Fig. 8 b.After the high-temperature fusion, two single-mode fibers are fused together (see figure 9) fully, and single-mode fiber circle core is crushed too, also can make quarter-wave plate (seeing Figure 10 a and 10b).
So full-fiber quarter wave plate of the present invention is formed by a section single-mould fiber and at least one section auxiliary optical fiber fusion, in full-fiber quarter wave plate, wherein the single-mode fiber structure is gradient to the oval core of fusion area from the round core of two-end-point.
In the present invention, in fact at least one optical fiber of putting in second step be exactly auxiliary optical fiber, and purpose is after high-temperature fusion, and the single-mode optics fibre core that inserts in the first step is crushed.Therefore the parameter to auxiliary optical fiber not have too strict restriction, but preferably uses single-mode fiber with access identical or adopt the centreless fibre of same diameter.Use the centreless fibre as auxiliary optical fiber, the xsect after the fusion will become as Figure 11 a with shown in Figure 11 b.By such technological process, not only can do quarter-wave plate, also can be made into other all kinds of wave plates.The added losses of made wave plate are generally less than 0.1dB, and representative value is 0.05dB.
Claims (7)
1. full-fiber quarter wave plate, it is characterized in that: described full-fiber quarter wave plate is formed by a section single-mould fiber and at least one section auxiliary optical fiber fusion, an end welding of described single-mode fiber has round heart yearn polarization maintaining optical fibre before the fusion, the other end welding of described single-mode fiber has sensor fibre, described single-mode fiber and auxiliary optical fiber partial parallel also place on the same plane, and the main shaft of described round heart yearn polarization maintaining optical fibre becomes miter angle with described plane, in described full-fiber quarter wave plate, described single-mode fiber structure is for being gradient to the oval core of fusion area from the round core of two-end-point.
2. according to the described full-fiber quarter wave plate of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described auxiliary optical fiber is at least a in common single mode, multimode optical fiber and the centreless fibre.
3. one kind prepares the method for full-fiber quarter wave plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1 is carried out welding with an end of the stress molded lines polarization maintaining optical fibre of a round core that is used to transmit and an end of a section single-mould fiber, with an end of the other end welding one circle core sensor fibre of a described section single-mould fiber;
Step 2, get at least one section auxiliary optical fiber, be placed in parallel in the step 1 one or both sides of single-mode fiber in the optical fiber structure after the welding, and make single-mode fiber and auxiliary optical fiber partial parallel and place on the same plane, the main shaft of described round heart yearn polarization maintaining optical fibre becomes miter angle with described plane;
Step 3, juxtaposed single-mode fiber of heating and melting and auxiliary fiber area make them reach molten condition and fuse together, and when continuing the high temperature heating, the single-mode fiber of circle core is gradually by ovalization, and the preparation of control heating and melting time forms quarter-wave plate.
4. it is characterized in that in accordance with the method for claim 3: the length of single-mode fiber is 1.0cm to 8.0cm in the described step 1.
5. in accordance with the method for claim 3, it is characterized in that: also be included in the other end tie-in line polarized light source of circle heart yearn polarization maintaining optical fibre in the described step 1 in the step 3 heating and melting, the other end of circle core sensor fibre inserts polarization analysis instrument or polarization isolation degree test instrument in described step 1.
6. it is characterized in that in accordance with the method for claim 3: the auxiliary optical fiber in the described step 2 is at least a in general single mode fiber, multimode optical fiber and the centreless fibre.
7. the preparation method of a full optical-fibre wave plate is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1 is carried out welding with an end of a round heart yearn polarization maintaining optical fibre that is used to transmit and an end of a section single-mould fiber;
Step 2, get at least one section auxiliary optical fiber, be placed in parallel in the step 1 one or both sides of single-mode fiber in the optical fiber structure after the welding, and make single-mode fiber and auxiliary optical fiber partial parallel and place same plane, the main shaft of described line polarization maintaining optical fibre becomes miter angle with described plane;
Step 3, the juxtaposed single-mode fiber of heating and melting zone makes single-mode fiber and auxiliary optical fiber reach molten condition and fuses together, and when continuing heating, the single-mode fiber of circle core is gradually by ovalization, and the preparation of control heating and melting time forms the wave plate of preseting length.
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| CN101975975B (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2013-07-17 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Zero temperature coefficient optical wave plate and polarization state converter |
| CN103454726B (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-09-16 | 广东中钰科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method for making of quarter-wave plate |
| CN109655965B (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2020-12-11 | 浙江大学 | True zero-order integrated optical waveguide type full wave plate |
| CN111007594B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2021-03-23 | 北京工业大学 | Optical fiber quarter wave plate with constant-strength beam structure and temperature compensation function and preparation method thereof |
| CN112230332B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-05 | 武汉驿路通科技股份有限公司 | Single fiber and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4923268A (en) * | 1987-09-14 | 1990-05-08 | Aster Corporation | Fiber optic coupler |
| CN1825149A (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-08-30 | 上海康阔光通信技术有限公司 | Pyrometric cone type polarization maintaining optical fiber device and wide-band polarization maintaining optical fiber shunt |
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- 2008-05-20 CN CN2008100433731A patent/CN101587201B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4923268A (en) * | 1987-09-14 | 1990-05-08 | Aster Corporation | Fiber optic coupler |
| CN1825149A (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-08-30 | 上海康阔光通信技术有限公司 | Pyrometric cone type polarization maintaining optical fiber device and wide-band polarization maintaining optical fiber shunt |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开2003-337251A 2003.11.28 |
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