CN101586981A - Constant-flow bubble type automatic water level measurement device with micro power consumption - Google Patents

Constant-flow bubble type automatic water level measurement device with micro power consumption Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101586981A
CN101586981A CNA2009100317063A CN200910031706A CN101586981A CN 101586981 A CN101586981 A CN 101586981A CN A2009100317063 A CNA2009100317063 A CN A2009100317063A CN 200910031706 A CN200910031706 A CN 200910031706A CN 101586981 A CN101586981 A CN 101586981A
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Prior art keywords
water level
constant
bubble type
interface
flow bubble
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CNA2009100317063A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
曹年红
熊光亚
曹翊军
程序
周海
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Nanjing NARI Group Corp
State Grid Electric Power Research Institute
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Nanjing NARI Group Corp
State Grid Electric Power Research Institute
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Abstract

The invention aims to provide a constant-flow bubble type automatic water level measurement device with micro power consumption, which comprises an outdoor unit and an indoor unit, wherein the outdoor unit comprises a data acquisition device used as core control equipment, a manual register connected through a RS 232C serial port, a constant-flow bubble type water gauge and a barometer connected through an SDI-12 interface, communication equipment connected through a RS 232C serial port, and a 12V DC power supply source of a double-core interface; and the indoor unit comprises a centralized controller with built-in application software, communication equipment connected through a RS 232C serial port, and an AC/DC power supply source, and is connected with the outdoor unit through a communication channel. The device overcomes the defect that the measurement errors of national and international constant-flow bubble type water gauges increase along with the increase of water level amplitude, makes up for errors neglected by other constant-flow bubble type water level measurement devices, effectively improves the water level measuring precision, and can be widely applied to automatically measuring water level under various field environments.

Description

A kind of constant-flow bubble type automatic water level measurement device with micro power consumption
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of sensor measurement, particularly adopt the constant-flow bubble type water level gauge to carry out the device of level measuring automatically.
Background technology
The principle of work of constant-flow bubble type water level gauge: the pressure-sensitive unit links to each other with tracheae through gas path device, and the openend of tracheae is fixed on the underwater, and when the air pressure in the gas path device and hydraulic pressure reached balance, the pressure-sensitive unit was converted to height of water level with this pressure.
Compare with traditional float type level meter, the constant-flow bubble type water level gauge have install simple, need not to build advantages such as water level well, civil engineering workload are little, small investment, the construction period is short, range is big, in automatic system of hydrological data acquisition and transmission, use more and more widely at present.
But, exist than mistake between the measured value of constant-flow bubble type water level gauge and the artificial observation value, and the big more then error of range of stage is big more in a lot of application scenarios.Generally believe that at present this error is that the acceleration of gravity at scene and the difference between water-mass density and the theoretical value cause.
The water level automatic monitor station is distributed in the field substantially, and range of temperature is big, and power supply is supplied with difficulty; Even AC power is arranged, stability is also very poor, causes thunderbolt easily.The environmental suitability of self-operated measuring unit and little power consumption require high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of constant-flow bubble type automatic water level measurement device with micro power consumption, overcome the deficiency that home and abroad constant-flow bubble type water level gauge measuring error increases with range of stage, remedy the error that other constant current mode bubble level measurement device is ignored, improve the level measuring precision effectively, be widely used in automatic water level measurement under the various field environments.
The invention provides a kind of constant-flow bubble type automatic water level measurement device, mainly form by outdoor unit and indoor unit.
Constant-flow bubble type water level gauge of manually putting several devices, connecting by the SDI-12 interface that described outdoor unit comprises data acquisition unit as core control equipment, connect by the RS232C serial port and barometer, the communication facilities that is connected by the RS232C serial port and the 12V dc power supply of 2 core interfaces are used for gathering automatically and the also long-range transmission of preservation waterlevel data;
Described indoor unit has comprised the Centralized Controller and communication facilities that is connected by the RS232C serial port and DC/AC power supply source of application software built-in, be connected with outdoor unit through communication channel, be used for real-time receiving remote data, realize storage, show, inquiry, issue, and when the mode of operation of the outdoor unit of Long-distance Control, school, peek.
Described data acquisition unit comprises Main Processor Unit, sensor interface and real-time clock by the connection of I2C interface, remote communication interface and storage unit by the connection of SPI interface, the local display interface that is connected with TXD1 by RXD1, the program updates mouth that is connected with TXD0 by RXD0, the USB interface that is connected with the PB parallel port by PA, Condition Monitoring Unit that is connected with INT1 by INT0 and the status indicator lamp that connects by the PC parallel port, be used for automatic management of sensor and communication facilities power supply, carry out sensor acquisition, calculate, storage, long-range transmission and responsing control command.
Describedly manually put 4 * 5 the keyboard that several devices comprise Main Processor Unit, are connected with the PB parallel port by PA, the resolution that is connected with the PF parallel port by PE is 160 * 128 LCDs and the serial ports that is connected with TXD by RXD, be used for the data collector is carried out parameter setting and field data demonstration, liquid crystal display is in the accent electricity condition at ordinary times, Main Processor Unit is in dormant state, wakes Main Processor Unit up by keyboard operation and enters mode of operation.
Described water level gauge is used to measure the hydraulic pressure and the water temperature of tracheae installation site, adopts nitrogen cylinder as constant current bubble source, the output of SDI-12 interface.
Described barometer is used to measure the atmospheric pressure of constant-flow bubble type water level gauge pressure-sensitive cell position, adopts the output of SDI-12 interface.
Described communication terminal is selected INMARSAT-C radio station, big-dipper satellite radio station, VHF radio station, GSM mobile termination or PSTN modulator-demodular unit as required for use, is used to carry out remote data transmission.
Described power supply adopts accumulator to join solar panels floating charge mode, and 12V is provided direct supply.
Described automatic water level is measured, and may further comprise the steps:
1) according to the longitude and latitude and the sea level elevation of water level gauge installation site, tabling look-up obtains gravity acceleration g and is input in the data acquisition unit;
2) according to the water temperature at scene, tabling look-up obtains the density p of water and is input in the data acquisition unit;
3) measure the discrepancy in elevation H at tracheae two ends and being input in the data acquisition unit;
4) the pressure output value P of the permanent water level gauge of data acquisition unit timing acquiring 0With temperature T in the tracheae, gather barometrical output valve P simultaneously Aa
5) data acquisition unit is according to formula (E2) calculated water head height;
h = P 0 ( 1 + M N g 1000 RT H ) + P Aa ( M N - M a ) g 1000 RT H g ( ρ - P Aa M a RT ) - - - ( E 2 )
Wherein,
H: head height
P 0: constant current mode bubble water level gauge output pressure
M N: the nitrogen molecule amount
M a: the air molecule amount
G: the acceleration of gravity of constant current mode bubble water level gauge erecting stage
R: gas law constant
T: the absolute temperature of constant current mode bubble water level gauge erecting stage
H: the vertical discrepancy in elevation at constant current mode bubble water level gauge tracheae two ends
P Aa: the atmospheric pressure of constant current mode bubble water level gauge erecting stage
ρ: the density of constant current mode bubble water level gauge erecting stage water.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a measurement mechanism system architecture synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that data acquisition unit is formed synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 is a water level gauge mounting structure synoptic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the automatic water level measurement process flow diagram.
Embodiment
Automatic water level measurement device of the present invention comprises outdoor unit 1 and indoor unit 2, as shown in Figure 1.Outdoor unit by data acquisition unit 3, manually put counting apparatus 4, constant-flow bubble type water level gauge 5, barometer 6, communication facilities 7 and power supply 8 and form; Indoor unit forms 11 by Centralized Controller 9, communication terminal 10 and power supply.Manually putting counting apparatus 4 links to each other with data acquisition unit 3 by the RS232C serial port, it comprises 4 * 5 keyboard and 160 * 128 LCDs, the MEGA128 single-chip microcomputer is as primary processor, be in dormant state at ordinary times, enter mode of operation by the keyboard triggering, carry out parameter setting and field data and show, enter dormant state behind the end-of-job automatically.Constant-flow bubble type water level gauge 5 links to each other with data acquisition unit 3 by the SDI-12 interface with barometer 6, and the SDI-12 power supply is subjected to data acquisition unit 3 controls, is in the accent electricity condition at ordinary times.Communication facilities 7 is selected radio station, VHF radio station, GSM mobile termination or PSTN modulator-demodular unit as required for use, links to each other with data acquisition unit by the RS232 serial port, and power supply is subjected to data acquisition unit 3 controls, is in the accent electricity condition at ordinary times.
Data acquisition unit 3 constitutes sees Fig. 2.It adopts the MEGA128 single-chip microcomputer as Main Processor Unit, have SDI-12 and RS485 sensor interface, signal protection interface, real-time clock, USB interface, 2 great distance journey communication interfaces, 1 tunnel local display interface, 1 tunnel parameter setting and program updates interface, event monitoring circuit, the local storage of 32MFLASH, parameter setting and program updates interface, signal protection interface and power control circuit, be used for automatic management of sensor and communication facilities power supply, carry out sensor acquisition, calculating, storage, long-range transmission and responsing control command.Main Processor Unit is in dormant state at ordinary times, when the event monitoring electric circuit inspection arrives local operation, Long-distance Control and timed events, wake Main Processor Unit up, control sensor and communication facilities power on, the pick-up transducers data, carry out this locality storage and remote transmission, closure sensor and communication facilities power supply enter dormant state afterwards.
The mounting means of air bubble type water level meter as shown in Figure 3.Pressure-sensitive unit 7, nitrogen cylinder 8 and gas circuit galvanostat 9 are installed in the level measuring station 10, link to each other with the fixed protection equipment 13 that is installed in the water surface 12 belows by wireway 11.The gas circuit galvanostat can be responded to variation in water pressure, and automatic adjustments of gas flow, and the gas in the nitrogen cylinder is outwards discharged with constant pressure by wireway.One end of wireway is installed under water, and an other end links to each other with the gas circuit galvanostat, is full of nitrogen under the normal condition in the tracheae, and wireway is the pressure and the hydraulic balance of port under water.The pressure-sensitive unit links to each other with the gas circuit galvanostat, receive the instruction of data acquisition unit after, measures ambient temperature and air pressure also return to data acquisition unit with numerical value.
In the gas-liquid intersection 18 of tracheae underwater portion end, the intraductal atmospheric pressure of this position is the atmospheric pressure that hydraulic pressure adds this position all the time, and that the pressure-sensitive unit is measured is the pressure and the atmospheric difference P in this position of the other end 12 of tracheae 0And send data acquisition unit.
This metering system is assumed to be prerequisite with two: the atmospheric pressure of position 12 and position 18 equates, and the gaseous tension in two place's wireways equates.In fact the elevation of station is greater than the terminal elevation of wireway under water.And gas is subjected to gravity effect, and in the vertical direction pressure is with highly successively decreasing.
Other constant current mode bubble level measurement device all is to have utilized water level gauge itself to carry out the value of pressure and head conversion when obtaining the head depth value from water level gauge at present, and all at present constant current mode bubble water level gauges use when carrying out the conversion of pressure and water level is classical computing formula (E1), the level measuring value is only relevant with acceleration of gravity and water-mass density, and the acceleration of gravity of getting when carrying out conversion Calculation is normal acceleration of gravity (g=9.80665m/s 2), the density (ρ=1000Kg/m when water-mass density is 4 ℃ 3).
h = P 0 ρg - - - ( E 1 )
In a plurality of constant-flow bubble type water level gauges erecting stage, particularly under the situation that the vertical discrepancy in elevation in tracheae two ends is bigger, all find the artificial observation value of water level and adopt between the automatic measurements of formula (E1) to exist than mistake, and the result and the artificial observation value that adopt formula (E2) to carry out conversion Calculation have good consistance, maximum error is no more than 0.01 meter, and do not have tangible correlativity with range, see Table 1.
h = P 0 ( 1 + M N g 1000 RT H ) + P Aa ( M N - M a ) g 1000 RT H g ( ρ - P Aa M a 1000 RT ) - - - ( E 2 )
As can be seen from the above equation, the parameter of actual influence level measuring value has: the density p of the vertical discrepancy in elevation H of tracheae two-port, gravity acceleration g, gas temperature T, water and the atmospheric pressure P of pressure-sensitive unit Aa
Suppose P 0=98066.5Pa, g=9.80665m/s 2, ρ=1000Kg/m 3, nominal water level 10m with the variation of formula (E2) error of calculation with H, with the variation of formula (E1) error of calculation with g and ρ, sees Table 2.
Table 1: hydrometric station bathymetric data contrast table unit: rice
Figure A20091003170600101
As can be seen, use the error of classical formulas (E1) to be linear growth substantially, and use (E2) formula result calculated and on-the-spot actual observation result very identical.
Table 2: different factors are to the influence of measurement error unit of contrast: rice
Figure A20091003170600102
As seen, from the equator to the arctic, only 0.03 meter of the SEA LEVEL VARIATION that the variation of acceleration of gravity causes; Temperature variation from 0 ℃ to 20 ℃ changes the range of stage cause less than 0.02 meter by water-mass density; Much smaller more than the error that the tracheae two-port discrepancy in elevation causes.
The invention provides the automatic water level measurement device of little power consumption and wide operating temperature range.Data acquisition unit operating temperature range-40 ℃～+ 70 ℃, static working current＜50 μ A, working current＜30mA.If with 15 minutes interval timing acquiring water levels, each 10 seconds sampling times kind; Employing big-dipper satellite transmission, 20 seconds kinds of radio station work, then average working current＜10mA, adopt the 12AH accumulator join the 10W solar panels can satisfy continuous 30 days all the time according to situation under operate as normal.
Automatic water level measurement device provided by the invention has jumbo local datastore space, can preserve historical data more than 2 years.When needs are local extract count one by one according to the time, the USB interface of low-power consumption is provided, USB interface is transferred electricity at ordinary times, when needing to start the USB flash disk operation, the push key, can be automatically with data conversion storage to USB flash disk; Can also in program, set the interval of automatic unloading, automatically regularly carry out the unloading of USB flash disk historical data.
The present invention can obviously remedy the error that other constant current mode bubble level measurement device is ignored, and especially under SEA LEVEL VARIATION surpasses 10 meters situation, measurement result is more near the actual value of water level.
The present invention can be widely used in carrying out under the various field environments automatic water level and measure.

Claims (6)

1. a constant-flow bubble type automatic water level measurement device with micro power consumption comprises outdoor unit and indoor unit composition, it is characterized in that:
Constant-flow bubble type water level gauge of manually putting several devices, connecting by the SDI-12 interface that described outdoor unit comprises data acquisition unit as core control equipment, connect by the RS232C serial port and barometer, the communication facilities that is connected by the RS232C serial port and the 12V dc power supply of 2 core interfaces are used for gathering automatically and the also long-range transmission of preservation waterlevel data;
Described indoor unit has comprised the Centralized Controller and communication facilities that is connected by the RS232C serial port and DC/AC power supply source of application software built-in, be connected with outdoor unit through communication channel, be used for real-time receiving remote data, realize storage, show, inquiry, issue, and when the mode of operation of the outdoor unit of Long-distance Control, school, peek.
2. a kind of constant-flow bubble type automatic water level measurement device with micro power consumption according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described data acquisition unit comprises Main Processor Unit, sensor interface and real-time clock by the connection of I2C interface, remote communication interface and storage unit by the connection of SPI interface, the local display interface that is connected with TXD1 by RXD1, the program updates mouth that is connected with TXD0 by RXD0, the USB interface that is connected with the PB parallel port by PA, Condition Monitoring Unit that is connected with INT1 by INT0 and the status indicator lamp that connects by the PC parallel port, be used for automatic management of sensor and communication facilities power supply, carry out sensor acquisition, calculate, storage, long-range transmission and responsing control command.
3. a kind of constant-flow bubble type automatic water level measurement device with micro power consumption according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: describedly manually put 4 * 5 the keyboard that several devices comprise Main Processor Unit, are connected with the PB parallel port by PA, the resolution that is connected with the PF parallel port by PE is 160 * 128 LCDs and the serial ports that is connected with TXD by RXD, be used for the data collector is carried out parameter setting and field data demonstration, liquid crystal display is in the accent electricity condition at ordinary times, Main Processor Unit is in dormant state, wakes Main Processor Unit up by keyboard operation and enters mode of operation.
4. a kind of constant-flow bubble type automatic water level measurement device with micro power consumption according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described constant-flow bubble type water level gauge is used to measure the hydraulic pressure and the water temperature of tracheae installation site, adopt nitrogen cylinder as constant current bubble source, the output of SDI-12 interface.
5. a kind of constant-flow bubble type automatic water level measurement device with micro power consumption according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described barometer is used to measure the atmospheric pressure of constant-flow bubble type water level gauge pressure-sensitive cell position, adopts the output of SDI-12 interface.
6. a kind of constant-flow bubble type automatic water level measurement device with micro power consumption according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described communication facilities can be selected INMARSAT-C radio station, big-dipper satellite radio station, VHF radio station, GSM mobile termination or PSTN modulator-demodular unit for use, be used to carry out remote data transmission, adopt the RS232C interface.
CNA2009100317063A 2009-07-10 2009-07-10 Constant-flow bubble type automatic water level measurement device with micro power consumption Pending CN101586981A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102331485A (en) * 2011-07-12 2012-01-25 华东理工大学 Portable water quality monitor
CN103364046A (en) * 2013-07-22 2013-10-23 武汉大学 Intelligent air interface type water level gauge and water level measurement method
CN103900660A (en) * 2012-12-26 2014-07-02 梅心太 Internet of Things liquid level measurement instrument
CN108120483A (en) * 2017-12-25 2018-06-05 重庆多邦科技股份有限公司 A kind of bubble type long distance water level recorder and data processing method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102331485A (en) * 2011-07-12 2012-01-25 华东理工大学 Portable water quality monitor
CN103900660A (en) * 2012-12-26 2014-07-02 梅心太 Internet of Things liquid level measurement instrument
CN103364046A (en) * 2013-07-22 2013-10-23 武汉大学 Intelligent air interface type water level gauge and water level measurement method
CN108120483A (en) * 2017-12-25 2018-06-05 重庆多邦科技股份有限公司 A kind of bubble type long distance water level recorder and data processing method

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Open date: 20091125