CN101585046A - SUS304 stainless steel cold-rolled plate producing method omitting annealing before cold rolling - Google Patents
SUS304 stainless steel cold-rolled plate producing method omitting annealing before cold rolling Download PDFInfo
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- CN101585046A CN101585046A CNA2008100379953A CN200810037995A CN101585046A CN 101585046 A CN101585046 A CN 101585046A CN A2008100379953 A CNA2008100379953 A CN A2008100379953A CN 200810037995 A CN200810037995 A CN 200810037995A CN 101585046 A CN101585046 A CN 101585046A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an SUS304 stainless steel cold-rolled plate producing method which omits annealing before cold rolling. The method comprises the steps of smelting, casting, hot rolling, cooling, pickling, cold rolling, solution treatment and pickling, wherein a plate blank is heated to a temperature higher than 1270 DEG C, a hot coil-box is used for temperature preservation before the hot rolling, and the finishing temperature is over 1000 DEG C; cooling is carried out after the rolling, the cooling speed is 25-40 DEG C/s, and coiling is carried out until the coiling temperature reaches 601-650 DEG C; and within 60 minutes after the coiling, a hot rolled coil is positioned in a water tank for cooling, and the hot rolled coil is taken out after the cooling is carried out for 5 or more hours. The method ensures that the SUS304 uniforms crystal grains as much as possible in the process of hot working, avoids corrosion caused by carbide precipitation, realizes the same effect as the adoption of off-line solution treatment, leads to the omission of the off-line solution treatment before the process of cold working and solves the problem that the omission of the off-line solution treatment brings changes to the roll scale structure of the SUS304 hot rolled coil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the stainless-steel cold-rolling board fabrication method, particularly omit the SUS304 stainless-steel cold-rolling board fabrication method of cold rolling preceding annealing.
Background technology
Traditional SUS304 austenitic stainless steel cold-rolled plate, its production process is as follows:
Hot procedure → off-line solid solution → pickling → cold working process → off-line solid solution → pickling.
Because the phosphorus content higher (〉=0.03%) of SUS304 austenitic stainless steel, therefore must carry out the off-line solution treatment to it after the hot procedure of SUS304, the purpose of this processing mainly contains two: 1, being solid-solubilized in the chromium-ferrous-carbide of separating out in the hot procedure again (mainly is M
23C
6), to prevent in use or acid cleaning process, etching problem taking place; 2, homogenising austenite crystal is to improve the cold-forming property of SUS304.Now, research institutions more both domestic and external have begun to carry out the improvement of equipment and technology, and purpose is the situation that must carry out the off-line solution treatment after the austenitic stainless steel hot procedure in order to change.
Chinese patent CN1292847C has announced a kind of manufacture method and equipment of austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled band, this manufacture method is in course of hot rolling the finishing temperature of rolled piece to be adjusted to the temperature that is higher than 1000 ℃ and preferably is higher than 1050 ℃, subsequently, rolled piece was quenched into the temperature that is lower than 600 ℃ and preferably is lower than 450 ℃ in 20 seconds.This manufacture method is the manufacturing equipment of supporting patent applicant place SMS De Marger GmbH austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled band of proposing, and the special character of this equipment is that it has comprised a curved formula conticaster of arc of producing thin continuous casting billet; After descaling device, it is provided with an induction type and forces hot mechanism, and making finishing temperature be enough to adjust to be higher than 1000 ℃ desirable finishing temperature, the ability of its coiling machine also enough can roll temperature by this mechanism is 400 ℃～650 ℃ hot-rolled band.
Chinese patent CN1788870A has announced a kind of " on-line heat treatment method for hot rolling stainless steel band for cold rolling ", and this method adopts following online heat treatment method at SUS304: slab heating temperature is 1200 ℃～1300 ℃; Roughing speed 2～5m/s, 1030 ℃～1120 ℃ of finishing temperatures; During finish rolling, inlet temperature is at 1020 ℃～1100 ℃, tandem mill mill speed 8～14m/s, and total deformation is greater than 70%, and rolling outlet temperature reaches more than 1000 ℃.The laminar flow type of cooling is adopted in cooling, and coiling temperature is 350 ℃～600 ℃.
Japan Patent JP60255921A has announced a kind of " hot rolling austenite stainless steel plate band manufacture method ", finishing temperature 〉=850 that this method adopts ℃, and purpose is for the solid solution carbide; Cooling rapidly after the hot rolling, cooling velocity 〉=10 ℃/s; Coiling temperature≤500 ℃.Can under the prerequisite of omitting off-line solution treatment process, produce high-quality austenite stainless steel plate band by this heat processing technique with low cost.
The focus of above-mentioned patent is a performance of optimizing hot rolled plate by equipment that adopts in the change SUS304 hot procedure and technology:
The supplied materials that the patent that has adopts is the thin strap continuous casting base, and the assurance of finishing temperature is forced hot mechanism by the configuration induction type and realized that simultaneously, the coiling machine ability of its equipment also is very strong;
The finishing temperature that the patent that has requires is higher, but the method for the finishing temperature of not giving security, and will guarantee at the coiling temperature of its regulation hot-rolled stainless steel strip to be batched, the ability of its equipment may be not enough;
Though the patent coiling temperature that has is lower, but finishing temperature is also lower, and cooling velocity is slower, and its carbide amount of separating out can not guarantee to avoid fully under these circumstances, and lower finishing temperature also can cause the intensity of hot rolling austenitic stainless steel to increase considerably, and uniform crystal particles is poor;
The patent that has is also mentioned the hot-working optimizing process that is adopted can omit the off-line solution treatment process that the Cheng Qian is crossed in cold working, but whether the change that does not all relate to thermal process parameter can influence the cold working process, and does not mention that the change of thermal process parameter will make the cold working process how adjust.
In addition, according to actual conditions, even the coiling temperature of hot rolled coil is very low, this hot rolled coil also needs long time ability cool to room temperature, in having batched the process of cool to room temperature, if do not take some fast cold measures, just is difficult to avoid separating out of carbide.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of manufacturing technology of omitting the SUS304 stainless steel cold-rolled plate of cold rolling preceding annealing, make SUS304 even grained and avoiding as much as possible in hot procedure owing to carbide is separated out the corrosion phenomenon that takes place, realized the effect same that SUS304 adopts the off-line solution treatment to play, making it cross the Cheng Qian in cold working can not need to carry out the off-line solution treatment, solves simultaneously owing to cancel cold working and cross Cheng Qian off-line solution treatment process and bring the problem of variation for SUS304 hot rolled coil oxide skin structure; The SUS304 stainless steel cold-rolled plate function admirable that obtains and traditional SUS304 cold-reduced sheet are similar.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Omit cold rolling before the SUS304 stainless-steel cold-rolling board fabrication method of annealing, it comprises smelting, casting, hot rolling, cooling, pickling, cold rolling, solution treatment, pickling process; Wherein, slab heating temperature is controlled at more than 1270 ℃, needs to adopt the Coil Box insulation before the hot rolling, and hot rolling finishing temperature remains on more than 1000 ℃; Cooling after the finish to gauge, cooling velocity remains on 25～40 ℃/s, batches for 601 ℃～650 ℃ until coiling temperature; Batch the back and hot rolled coil is inserted tank cooling, take out behind cool time 〉=5 hour at≤60 minutes.
Further, described hot rolling finishing temperature is higher than 1050 ℃.
Again, the present invention's pickling for the first time preliminary treatment comprises brokenly phosphorus, bead, broken phosphorus percentage elongation 1.5%～2.0%; The shot-peening pellet size is 0.1mm, and flow is 1000～1250kg/min, and shot-peening speed is 78m/s～85m/s.
In the methods of the invention,
Board briquette is controlled at more than 1270 ℃, and adopts Coil Box, and purpose is for the finishing temperature that guarantees hot rolled plate is higher than 1000 ℃, preferably is higher than 1050 ℃, makes SUS304 have sufficient time to even austenite crystal;
To remain on 25～40 ℃/s be in order to guarantee that SUS304 can not produce carbide in finish to gauge in the process of batching and separate out phenomenon to cooling velocity after the finish to gauge;
Coiling temperature remains on 601 ℃～650 ℃, and purpose is in order to make hot rolled coil avoid the sensitive temperature interval that carbide is separated out, to have time enough that hot rolled coil is inserted tank after batching, but considers the ability of coiling machine, and its coiling temperature will be higher than 601 ℃;
Need after batching within 60 minutes hot rolled coil to be inserted tank, be for fear of it carbide to take place before inserting tank to separate out phenomenon, be illustrated in figure 1 as TTP (Time-Temperature-Precipitation) curve map of SUS304, the time that carbide is separated out in the time of can seeing 650 ℃ by this figure is 60 minutes.Can produce brilliant point corrosion as surpassing 60 minutes when the first time pickling.
Hot rolled coil after batching is inserted cooling taking-up after 5 hours in the tank, its objective is: one, avoid hot-rolled coil after batching, owing to the carbide that causes of slowly lowering the temperature is separated out phenomenon; Two, hot rolled coil is as cold as below 100 ℃, to accelerate the process of logistics;
In the pickling preprocessing process, descaling mill adopts 1.5%～2.0% percentage elongation, and the pellet size that compressed air shotblasting machine adopted is 0.1mm, and flow is 1000～1250kg/min, and shot-peening speed is 78m/s～85m/s.Adjusting pretreating process is in order to remove the 3rd layer of oxide skin, i.e. Cr of SUS304 hot rolled coil
2O
3And FeOCr
2O
3Spinelle, this layer oxide skin is not owing to adopt the combination of off-line solution treatment and matrix very tight.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
Compared with prior art, the present invention improves the technological parameter of SUS304 hot procedure, make the higher SUS304 austenitic stainless steel of carbon content as much as possible in hot procedure even grained to guarantee certain cold roling reduction ability and to reduce residual stress, simultaneously, this hot procedure has also been avoided owing to carbide is separated out the intercrystalline corrosion phenomenon that takes place.The present invention also adjusts the pickling pretreating process procedure parameter in the SUS304 cold working process, and this adjustment has solved owing to omitting the problem that SUS304 high-temperature oxydation skin structure that off-line solution treatment process causes changes.Other cold working process of this SUS304 is the same with traditional SUS304, can produce the SUS cold-reduced sheet on various surfaces by the manufacturing power formula of traditional SUS304.The off-line solution treatment process of having omitted before SUS304 is cold rolling can be saved the energy, reduces manufacturing cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is M among the SUS304 of the present invention
23C
6The isothermal schematic diagram of separating out situation;
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure photo of SUS304 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the metallographic structure photo of direct cold rolling annealing sample of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Specification is the SUS304 hot rolling test volume of 3.5mm, 1270 ℃ of its board briquettes, 1015 ℃ of finishing temperatures, 30 ℃/s of cooling velocity after the finish to gauge, 601 ℃ of coiling temperatures.This test batch the back to the used time of the process that enters water tank be 21 minutes.The metallographic structure of this SUS304 steel is the solid solution structure of uniform crystal particles, as shown in Figure 2.
Roll up the intercrystalline corrosion rate of the hot-roll annealing attitude sample (being numbered 304-2 in the literary composition) of sample (being numbered 304-1 in the literary composition) and traditional SUS304 by contrast SUS304 test and judge the intergranular corrosion resistance that the SUS304 test is rolled up, institute's accepted standard is GB/T 4334.4-2000 " a stainless steel nitric acid-hydrofluoric acid corrosion test method ".The contrast of different conditions SUS304 intercrystalline corrosion rate is as shown in table 1.
The contrast of table 1 different conditions SUS304 intercrystalline corrosion rate
As seen, the intercrystalline corrosion rate basically identical of two condition sample.
Roll up the spot corrosion rate of the hot-roll annealing attitude sample of sample and traditional SUS304 by contrast SUS304 test and judge the anti-spot corrosion that the SUS304 test is rolled up, institute's accepted standard is GB/T 17897-1999 " a stainless steel ferric trichloride pitting corrosion test method ".The contrast of different conditions SUS304 intercrystalline corrosion rate is as shown in table 2.
The contrast of table 2 different conditions SUS304 spot corrosion rate
By table 2 as seen, the spot corrosion rate basically identical of two condition sample.
Be that direct cold rolling is to 1.03mm after the SUS304 hot rolled coil pickling of 3.5mm with thickness, reduction ratio is 70.57%, and in the acid cleaning process, pretreating process is as follows:
Broken phosphorus machine: percentage elongation remains on 2.0%; Compressed air shotblasting machine: the pellet size that is adopted is 0.1mm, and flow is 1000kg/min, and shot-peening speed is 78m/s.
Carry out annealing test after the pickling, the system of employing is a water-cooled behind 1080 ℃ of insulation 3min.The SUS304 sample (being numbered 304-T in the literary composition) that omits cold rolling preceding annealing operation (hereinafter claiming " direct cold rolling annealing ") has been carried out the detection of various aspects of performance, and the result is as follows.
The SUS304 sample of direct cold rolling annealing, its mechanical property is as shown in table 3.
Table 3SUS304 direct cold rolling annealing sample mechanical property
The metallographic structure figure of direct cold rolling annealing sample as shown in Figure 3, this metallographic structure is typical solution annealing tissue, uniform crystal particles, and twin tissue, grain size are arranged is 7 grades.The metallographic structure of the cold rolled annealed sample of this metallographic structure and traditional SUS304 is consistent.
The pitting factor of direct cold rolling annealing sample is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
The intergranular erosion rate of direct cold rolling annealing sample is as shown in table 5.
Table 5
SUS304 direct cold rolling annealing sample pull and stretch and AEG-process have been carried out.
Test for deep-drawing, mainly carried out a kind of drawing experiments of specification, institute's accepted standard is GB/T15825.3-1995 " metal sheet profiled performance and experimental technique (pull and stretch and a pull and stretch load test stabilization) ", promptly adopt the sample of Φ 110mm to carry out pull and stretch, sample does not break in the process of the test, and the limiting drawing ratio of this SUS304 has reached 2.2.
For AEG-process, accepted standard is GB 4156-84 " a cupping test of metal method (thickness 0.2～2mm) ".
From above-mentioned metallographic, mechanics, corrosion and forming test result as can be known, omit the SUS304 function admirable of cold rolling preceding annealing operation, can offer the user and directly use.
Embodiment 2
The heat processing technique of SUS304 austenitic stainless steel is as follows: board briquette is controlled at 1280 ℃, need to adopt Coil Box before the hot continuous rolling process, the finishing temperature of hot rolled plate is 1000 ℃, cooling velocity remains on 35 ℃/s after the finish to gauge, 610 ℃ of coiling temperatures, when batching back 36 minutes hot rolled coil is inserted tank, after 5 hours hot rolled coil is taken out.
In the process of pickling SUS304 hot rolled coil, pretreating process is: the percentage elongation of broken phosphorus machine is 1.9%; The pellet size that compressed air shotblasting machine adopted is 0.1mm, and flow is 1050kg/min, and shot-peening speed is 80m/s.
Among this embodiment, because the finishing temperature of SUS304 is lower in the sample, the crystallization degree deficiency causes intensity to improve again, and follow-up cold-rolled process is made some difference.
Embodiment 3
The heat processing technique of SUS304 austenitic stainless steel is as follows: board briquette is controlled at 1290 ℃, need to adopt Coil Box before the hot continuous rolling process, the finishing temperature of hot rolled plate is 1060 ℃, cooling velocity remains on 25 ℃/s after the finish to gauge, 650 ℃ of coiling temperatures, when batching back 50 minutes hot rolled coil is inserted tank, after 5 hours hot rolled coil is taken out.
In the process of pickling SUS304 hot rolled coil, pretreating process is: the percentage elongation of broken phosphorus machine is 1.5%; The pellet size that compressed air shotblasting machine adopted is 0.1mm, and flow is 1250kg/min, and shot-peening speed is 85m/s.
Though the finishing temperature that this embodiment adopts is higher, because cooling velocity is slower, it is higher that the SUS304 hot rolled plate of gained batches temperature, so need guarantee in built-in entry in 60 minutes, produces the danger of corroding otherwise have.1.5% percentage elongation makes its flow that adopts and shot-peening speed reach 1250kg/min and 85m/s, and this change is helpful for the removing of oxide skin.
Embodiment 4
The heat processing technique of SUS304 austenitic stainless steel is as follows: board briquette is controlled at 1280 ℃, need to adopt Coil Box before the hot continuous rolling process, the finishing temperature of hot rolled plate is 1020 ℃, cooling velocity remains on 40 ℃/s after the finish to gauge, 615 ℃ of coiling temperatures, batch and hot rolled coil was inserted tank in back 26 minutes, after 5 hours hot rolled coil is taken out.
In the process of pickling SUS304 hot rolled coil, pretreating process is: the percentage elongation of broken phosphorus machine is 1.6%; The pellet size that compressed air shotblasting machine adopted is 0.1mm, and flow is 1100kg/min, and shot-peening speed is 80m/s.
The effect of carrying out the off-line solution treatment before adopting hot-rolled coil that heat processing technique of the present invention obtains aspect the solid solution of the uniformity of crystal grain and carbide, can reach the cold working process substantially, therefore, before cold rolling, the hot-rolled coil of process heat processing technique of the present invention just can not carry out the off-line solution treatment.Adopt cold machining process of the present invention can obtain and the same effect of traditional SUS304 cold-reduced sheet.Because the present invention can reduce the manufacturing cost of hot rolling industrial products and cold-rolled products, it has bright development prospect.
Claims (3)
1. omit cold rolling before the SUS304 stainless-steel cold-rolling board fabrication method of annealing, it comprises smelting, casting, hot rolling, cooling, pickling, cold rolling, solution treatment, pickling process; Wherein, slab heating temperature is controlled at more than 1270 ℃, needs to adopt the Coil Box insulation before the hot rolling, and hot rolling finishing temperature remains on more than 1000 ℃; Cooling after the finish to gauge, cooling velocity remains on 25～40 ℃/s, batches for 601 ℃～650 ℃ until coiling temperature; Batch the back and hot rolled coil is inserted tank cooling, take out behind cool time 〉=5 hour at≤60 minutes.
2. the SUS304 stainless-steel cold-rolling board fabrication method of annealing is characterized in that described hot rolling finishing temperature is higher than 1050 ℃ before omission as claimed in claim 1 was cold rolling.
3. the SUS304 stainless-steel cold-rolling board fabrication method of annealing is characterized in that before omission as claimed in claim 1 was cold rolling, can also carry out preliminary treatment before the pickling for the first time, and it comprises brokenly phosphorus, bead, broken phosphorus percentage elongation 1.5%～2.0%; The shot-peening pellet size is 0.1mm, and flow is 1000～1250kg/min, and shot-peening speed is 78m/s～85m/s.
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