CN101582707B - A kind of power distribution method and base station thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of power distribution method and base station thereof, method includes: the down channel carrying out time division duplex channel is estimated, it is thus achieved that the descending channel information of each user terminal；Carrying out multi-subscriber dispatching according to descending channel information, it is thus achieved that scheduling result, the user terminal being scheduled is as served user terminals；Obtain the target CQI value of corresponding each served user terminals from the feedback channel of each served user terminals, and calculate the objective emission power required for target CQI value to be obtained；Use predetermined power distribution algorithm to be that the distribution of each served user terminals is initial and launch power；Carry out the final determination launching power of all served user terminals: if the initial transmitting power of a served user terminals is more than objective emission power, then using objective emission power as finally launching power.The present invention is the most satisfied transmitting power that user is assigned with that the demand of being sufficient for is not wasted, and does not launch unnecessary power, does not the most lose the communication performance of user's request.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to power allocation techniques for mimo systems, and more particularly, to a power allocation method and a base station thereof.
Background
In the later 3G (third generation mobile communication system) era, MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-output) antenna technology will be one of the key core technologies. The 3GPP (third generation partnership project) has recently determined about the LTE (long term evolution, 3G long term evolution) standardized conference that MU MIMO (multi-user MIMO) will be one of its necessary working modes, and precoding is one of its determined base station signal transmission modes. MU MIMO refers to the situation where an eNodeB (base station) simultaneously provides services to multiple users using the same time-frequency resources, and the number of users provided at the same time should not be greater than the number of transmitting antenna elements. The precoding technique means that the space decoding originally completed by the mobile station is completed by the eNodeB, and the signals received by the mobile station are the decoded signals without a space decoding circuit, thereby reducing the signal processing complexity of the mobile station and saving the energy of the mobile station. Moreover, precoding can also improve the performance of the system, but precoding techniques require the transmitter to obtain channel information in advance.
Currently, 3GPP is standardizing related aspects of MU MIMO precoding technology, including codebook design, mobile station CQI (channel quality information) feedback, control signaling design, and the like. In MU MIMO systems, it also relates to the allocation of transmit power between users. The transmission power allocation is usually performed by finding the optimal power allocation under certain constraints with the goal of maximizing the system capacity or the quality of the received signal of the user.
The existing solutions for transmit power allocation are as follows:
the existing scheme 1: and (4) distributing water injection power. According to the channel quality of the users and the interference, under the goals of maximizing the system capacity, maximizing the signal quality received by the users or maximizing the system throughput, different powers are allocated to enable each user to have similar communication performance.
The disadvantages of this solution are: the actual traffic types of users are not considered, water-filling power allocation may cause all users to have similar communication quality, or communication rate, etc., so optimized power allocation may cause users to have communication quality higher than actual demand, thereby causing transmission power waste, possible interference to other users, etc. At the same time, it may also result in a communication of a quality lower than the actual demand by the user.
Existing scheme 2: a minimum total transmit power allocation. And performing power allocation on the users under a certain constraint condition by taking the minimum total transmitting power as a target.
The disadvantages of this solution are: the traffic type and the actual demand of each user are still not considered, i.e. all users are treated as the same traffic type and power allocation is performed.
Existing scheme 3: equal power allocation, i.e. an even distribution of all power among the active users.
The disadvantages of this solution are: has the disadvantages of the prior art scheme 1, while the power allocation is not optimized. But has the advantage of being simple to implement.
In the process of implementing the technical scheme of the invention, the following are found: existing solution 1 is optimized for SU MIMO (single-user MIMO) system communication or for power allocation between several spatial subchannels used by one user. However, in multi-user communication, the service types of each user may be different, such as data service, voice service, video, etc., but the requirements of the communication quality of the users should be different according to the different service types, the data service has low requirements on real-time performance, but has high requirements on the transmission quality of communication data, and the voice service is the opposite. Therefore, the optimal power allocation is not necessarily the optimal power allocation for different services of the actual communication users. High transmission power can undoubtedly improve communication quality and enlarge signal coverage, but excessive power transmission also causes interference to other users, and reduces the capacity of the whole communication system. Therefore, it is necessary to allocate the optimal transmission power to the user according to the communication requirement of the user.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power distribution method and a base station thereof, which solve the technical problem that the prior art can not distribute optimal transmitting power for users according to the communication requirements of the users.
In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power allocation method for a tdd multiuser mimo system, comprising the steps of:
estimating a downlink channel of a time division duplex channel to obtain downlink channel information of each user terminal;
performing multi-user scheduling according to the downlink channel information to obtain a scheduling result, wherein the scheduled user terminal is used as a service user terminal;
obtaining a target CQI value corresponding to each service user terminal from a feedback channel of each service user terminal, and calculating a target transmitting power required for obtaining the target CQI value;
distributing initial transmitting power for each service user terminal by adopting a preset power distribution algorithm;
determining the final transmitting power of all the service user terminals: and if the initial transmitting power of one service user terminal is larger than the target transmitting power, taking the target transmitting power as the final transmitting power of the service user terminal.
Preferably, after the step of using the target transmission power as the final transmission power of the serving user terminal, the method further includes:
and (3) calculating the residual power value: calculating the difference between the initial transmitting power and the target transmitting power of each service user terminal into the residual power value;
and reallocating the residual power value until the final transmitting power of each service user terminal reaches the target transmitting power or the residual power value is zero.
Preferably, the step of reallocating the remaining power value includes:
if the residual power value is larger than the set threshold value, the residual power value is taken as the total transmission power constraint, the residual power value is distributed by utilizing the preset power distribution algorithm, and the step of calculating the residual power values of all the service user terminals is carried out; or,
and if the residual power value is smaller than the threshold value, averagely distributing the residual power value to the service user terminal of which the final transmission power does not reach the target transmission power by adopting an equal power distribution mode.
Preferably, the step of obtaining the downlink channel information of each ue specifically includes: and obtaining the downlink channel information through the reciprocal attribute of the time division duplex channel.
Preferably, before the step of obtaining the target CQI value corresponding to each of the serving user terminals from the feedback channel of the serving user terminal, the method further includes:
and respectively selecting a precoding vector for each service user terminal from a normalized codebook according to the scheduling result and the downlink channel information of each service user terminal.
Preferably, after the step of redistributing the residual power value, the method further includes:
and estimating the signal-to-noise ratio of each service user terminal according to the final transmitting power of each service user terminal, selecting a modulation coding mode according to the signal-to-noise ratio, then carrying out precoding processing according to the precoding vector and transmitting signals according to the modulation coding mode.
Preferably, the predetermined power allocation algorithm is: a power allocation algorithm that aims to maximize system capacity.
Preferably, the power allocation algorithm targeting maximum system capacity is a water-filling power allocation algorithm.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a base station for performing power allocation, for a tdd multi-user mimo system, including:
a downlink channel estimation module, configured to: estimating a downlink channel of a time division duplex channel to obtain downlink channel information of each user terminal;
a multi-user scheduling module to: performing multi-user scheduling according to the downlink channel information, wherein the scheduled user terminal is used as a service user terminal;
a target transmit power module to: obtaining a target CQI value corresponding to each service user terminal from a feedback channel of the service user terminal, and calculating a target transmitting power required for obtaining the target CQI value;
a starting transmit power allocation module to: distributing initial transmitting power for each service user terminal by adopting a preset power distribution algorithm;
a final transmit power determination module, configured to determine the final transmit power of the serving ue:
and if the initial transmitting power of one service user terminal is larger than the target transmitting power, taking the target transmitting power as the final transmitting power of the service user terminal.
Preferably, the base station further includes:
a residual power value calculation module for: calculating the difference between the initial transmitting power and the target transmitting power of each service user terminal into the residual power value;
a redistribution module to: and reallocating the residual power value until the final transmitting power of each service user terminal reaches the target transmitting power or the residual power value is zero.
Preferably, the base station further includes: a precoding vector selection module to: and respectively selecting a precoding vector for each service user terminal from a normalized codebook according to the result of the multi-user scheduling and the downlink channel information of each service user terminal.
Preferably, the base station further includes: a transmit module to: and estimating the signal-to-noise ratio of each service user terminal according to the final transmitting power of each service user terminal, selecting a modulation coding mode according to the signal-to-noise ratio, then carrying out precoding processing according to the precoding vector and transmitting signals according to the modulation coding mode.
The embodiment of the invention can at least achieve the following technical effects:
1, when the initial power distribution value of a user is greater than the target transmitting power, setting the target transmitting power as the final transmitting power of the user, thereby distributing the most satisfactory transmitting power which can meet the requirement and is not wasted for the user, not transmitting redundant power and not losing the communication performance required by the user;
when the initial power distribution value of the user is smaller than the target transmitting power, the residual power of other users is distributed to the user, so that the most satisfactory transmitting power which can meet the requirement and is not wasted is distributed to the user, the transmitting energy is saved, and the electromagnetic radiation is reduced;
the embodiment utilizes the channel reciprocity attribute of the TDD system and the CQI feedback channel and feedback format which are compatible with the TDD LTE and the FDD LTE and are designed to feed back the target CQI of each user, and does not increase extra information feedback load and bandwidth under the existing technical standard framework.
3, the embodiment of the invention not only considers optimizing power distribution, but also considers different communication requirements required by different possible service types among users of the MU MIMO system. And distributing the transmitting power which just meets the communication requirement for the user by using the most satisfactory power distribution principle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the most satisfactory power allocation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an overall workflow diagram of a method embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2a is a flow chart of the power allocation portion of the method embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description of the embodiments is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a principle of most satisfactory power allocation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which is applicable to a TDDLTE system, where it is assumed in fig. 1 that a CQI of a user is a target CQI during first power allocation (water filling power allocation may be adopted), a result of the first power allocation is a water filling power allocation value, a result expected by the user is a target transmission power corresponding to the target CQI, and a gap exists between the water filling power allocation value and the target transmission power.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention solves the problem of optimal power distribution of MU MIMO precoding emission in a TDD LTE system, not only considers the optimal power distribution, but also considers different communication requirements required by different possible service types among MUMIMO system users. And distributing the transmitting power which just meets the communication requirement for the user by using the most satisfactory power distribution principle. The embodiment utilizes the channel reciprocity property of the TDD system and the CQI feedback channel and feedback format which are compatible with TDD LTE and FDD LTE and are designed to feed back the target CQI of each user.
Fig. 2 is an overall work flow diagram of an embodiment of the method of the present invention, and as shown in the figure, the embodiment of the method of the present invention specifically includes:
and step 110, estimating downlink channel information. An eNodeB (base station) estimates an uplink channel according to a reference signal transmitted by UE (user terminal), and performs channel calibration according to the reciprocity property of a TDD channel or other robust channel estimation technologies (which can be a common LTE-TDD pre-coding downlink transmission channel information acquisition method), thereby obtaining downlink channel information Hi of the ith user;
step 1And 20, acquiring the main characteristic subchannel gain Gi and the corresponding channel direction vector Vi of each user. Feature value decomposition of Hi, i.e. UDV]＝SVD(Hi) Then, the main-characteristic subchannel gain Gi is the square of the first value of the diagonal elements of the diagonal matrix D; the corresponding channel direction vector Vi is a first column vector of the right eigenvector matrix V;
and step 130, performing multi-user scheduling. The eNodeB performs multi-user scheduling according to the downlink channel state information of each user and other requirements, and the user scheduling method may be: scheduling users with minimum user interference, such as a user scheduling method and a system of a TDD multiple input multiple output downlink transmission system, random user scheduling and the like, to obtain service users;
and obtaining a user transmitting precoding vector. Selecting a precoding vector from the normalized codebook according to a user scheduling result and downlink channel information of a service user;
step 140, obtaining a target CQI value fed back by the user from the feedback channel of the service user, and estimating a target transmitting power P required by the user to obtain the target CQI valueti(ii) a Assuming target CQI fed back as target SNRtiThen, the target transmit power may be estimated according to:since the eNodeB performs normalized precoded transmission, no inter-user interference exists;
step 150, service user power allocation is performed.
Step 160, selecting a modulation coding mode. Estimating the SNR of each user according to the final power distributed to each scheduling user, and selecting a modulation coding mode for each user according to the SNR;
and 170, performing precoding processing and transmitting signals, wherein the signals are transmitted through MU MIMO orthogonal precoding.
Fig. 2a is a flowchart of a power allocation portion of an embodiment of the method of the present invention, which is an embodiment of step 150 in fig. 2, and specifically includes:
step 151, obtaining power distribution value P of each userzi(initial transmit power). The power allocation algorithm employed may be one that targets maximizing system capacity or another power allocation algorithm. One embodiment of the power allocation algorithm is water-filling power allocation. For example, the water-filling power allocation that maximizes the user received SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) and can be expressed as:
here:is the noise power measured at the receiver receive antenna; p is the total upper limit of the transmitting power of all users; s.t. represents a constraint;
step 152, determine the users with excess allocated transmit power and the remaining power. Comparing the target transmission power PtiAnd power allocation Pzi: if the power distribution PziGreater than the target transmit power, then the target transmit power P is selectedtiAs the final transmission power, the remaining power (P)zi-Pti) Counting into the residual power deltaP; and sets the final transmit power (satisfactory transmit power) of these users to the desired transmit power (target transmit power P)ti)；
Step 153, determine the users with insufficient allocated transmission power and make up power, and form a user set U.
Step 154, if the remaining power deltaP is zero, setting the satisfactory transmission power of the users in the set U as the allocated transmission power; otherwise, if the water filling power distribution value is smaller than the target transmitting power value, the residual power is redistributed to enable the residual power to reach the target transmitting power as much as possible. Of course, in practical systems, a constraint must also be received on the peak power of the power amplifier in the radio frequency link.
The residual power redistribution method comprises the following steps: if the remaining power is greater than the set threshold, then step 1541 is performed, using the remaining power as a total transmit power constraint, re-allocating the remaining power using a power allocation technique (e.g., as employed in step 151), and performing step 152 again. If the remaining power is less than the set threshold, step 1542 is executed to allocate the remaining power to the users in the set U by using an equal power allocation technique. The equal power distribution technology is to distribute all the residual power to the users which do not reach the target transmitting power;
step 152 and step 154 are repeated until the remaining power is zero or all users reach the target transmit power.
Corresponding to the above method embodiments, there is also provided a base station embodiment for performing power allocation, which is used in a tdd multi-user mimo system, and includes:
a downlink channel estimation module, configured to: estimating a downlink channel of a time division duplex channel to obtain downlink channel information of each user terminal;
a multi-user scheduling module to: performing multi-user scheduling according to the downlink channel information, wherein the scheduled user terminal is used as a service user terminal;
a target transmit power module to: obtaining a target CQI value corresponding to each service user terminal from a feedback channel of the service user terminal, and calculating a target transmitting power required for obtaining the target CQI value;
a starting transmit power allocation module to: distributing initial transmitting power for each service user terminal by adopting a preset power distribution algorithm;
a final transmission power determining module, configured to determine the final transmission power of all the serving ue: if the initial transmitting power of one service user terminal is larger than the target transmitting power, taking the target transmitting power as the final transmitting power of the service user terminal;
a residual power value calculation module for: calculating the residual power value of all the service user terminals, and counting the difference value between the initial transmitting power and the target transmitting power into the residual power value;
a redistribution module to: and reallocating the residual power value until the final transmitting power of each service user terminal reaches the target transmitting power or the residual power value is zero.
Further, the base station may further include:
a precoding vector selection module to: and selecting a precoding vector from a normalized codebook according to the result of the multi-user scheduling and the downlink channel information of the service user terminal.
A transmit module to: and estimating the signal-to-noise ratio of each service user terminal according to the final transmitting power of each service user terminal, selecting a modulation coding mode according to the signal-to-noise ratio, then carrying out precoding processing according to the precoding vector and transmitting signals according to the modulation coding mode.
The embodiment of the invention has the advantages that:
1, when the initial power distribution value of a user is greater than the target transmitting power, setting the target transmitting power as the final transmitting power of the user, thereby distributing the most satisfactory transmitting power which can meet the requirement and is not wasted for the user, not transmitting redundant power and not losing the communication performance required by the user;
when the initial power distribution value of the user is smaller than the target transmitting power, the residual power of other users is distributed to the user, so that the most satisfactory transmitting power which can meet the requirement and is not wasted is distributed to the user, the transmitting energy is saved, and the electromagnetic radiation is reduced;
the embodiment utilizes the channel reciprocity attribute of the TDD system and the CQI feedback channel and feedback format which are compatible with the TDD LTE and the FDD LTE and are designed to feed back the target CQI of each user, and does not increase extra information feedback load and bandwidth under the existing technical standard framework.
3, the embodiment of the invention not only considers optimizing power distribution, but also considers different communication requirements required by different possible service types among users of the MU MIMO system. And distributing the transmitting power which just meets the communication requirement for the user by using the most satisfactory power distribution principle.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A power allocation method is used for a time division duplex multi-user multiple input multiple output system, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
estimating a downlink channel of a time division duplex channel to obtain downlink channel information of each user terminal;
performing multi-user scheduling according to the downlink channel information to obtain a scheduling result, wherein the scheduled user terminal is used as a service user terminal;
obtaining a target CQI value corresponding to each service user terminal from a feedback channel of each service user terminal, and calculating a target transmitting power required for obtaining the target CQI value;
distributing initial transmitting power for each service user terminal by adopting a preset power distribution algorithm;
determining the final transmitting power of all the service user terminals: if the initial transmitting power of one service user terminal is larger than the target transmitting power, taking the target transmitting power as the final transmitting power of the service user terminal;
after the step of using the target transmission power as the final transmission power of the serving user terminal, the method further comprises:
and (3) calculating the residual power value: calculating the difference between the initial transmitting power and the target transmitting power of each service user terminal into the residual power value;
reallocating the residual power value until the final transmitting power of each service user terminal reaches the target transmitting power or the residual power value is zero;
the step of reallocating the remaining power value comprises:
and if the residual power value is smaller than the set threshold value, averagely distributing the residual power value to the service user terminal of which the final transmission power does not reach the target transmission power by adopting an equal power distribution mode.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of reallocating the remaining power value comprises:
and if the residual power value is larger than the set threshold value, using the residual power value as a total transmission power constraint, distributing the residual power value by using the preset power distribution algorithm, and turning to the step of calculating the residual power values of all the service user terminals.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the downlink channel information of each ue specifically comprises: and obtaining the downlink channel information through the reciprocal attribute of the time division duplex channel.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein before the step of obtaining the target CQI value for each of the serving user terminals from the feedback channel of the serving user terminal, further comprising:
and respectively selecting a precoding vector for each service user terminal from a normalized codebook according to the scheduling result and the downlink channel information of each service user terminal.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising, after the step of redistributing the remaining power values:
and estimating the signal-to-noise ratio of each service user terminal according to the final transmitting power of each service user terminal, selecting a modulation coding mode according to the signal-to-noise ratio, then carrying out precoding processing according to the precoding vector and transmitting signals according to the modulation coding mode.
6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the predetermined power allocation algorithm is: a power allocation algorithm that aims to maximize system capacity.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the power allocation algorithm targeting maximizing system capacity is a water-filling power allocation algorithm.
8. A base station for power allocation in a time division duplex multi-user mimo system, comprising:
a downlink channel estimation module, configured to: estimating a downlink channel of a time division duplex channel to obtain downlink channel information of each user terminal;
a multi-user scheduling module to: performing multi-user scheduling according to the downlink channel information, wherein the scheduled user terminal is used as a service user terminal;
a target transmit power module to: obtaining a target CQI value corresponding to each service user terminal from a feedback channel of the service user terminal, and calculating a target transmitting power required for obtaining the target CQI value;
a starting transmit power allocation module to: distributing initial transmitting power for each service user terminal by adopting a preset power distribution algorithm;
a final transmit power determination module, configured to determine the final transmit power of the serving ue: if the initial transmitting power of one service user terminal is larger than the target transmitting power, taking the target transmitting power as the final transmitting power of the service user terminal;
further comprising:
a residual power value calculation module for: calculating the difference between the initial transmitting power and the target transmitting power of each service user terminal into the residual power value;
a redistribution module to: reallocating the residual power value until the final transmitting power of each service user terminal reaches the target transmitting power or the residual power value is zero;
the redistribution module comprises:
a redistribution unit, configured to distribute the remaining power value to the service user terminal whose final transmit power does not reach the target transmit power in an equal-power distribution manner, if the remaining power value is smaller than a set threshold.
9. The base station of claim 8, further comprising a precoding vector selection module configured to: and respectively selecting a precoding vector for each service user terminal from a normalized codebook according to the result of the multi-user scheduling and the downlink channel information of each service user terminal.
10. The base station of claim 9, further comprising a transmitting module configured to: and estimating the signal-to-noise ratio of each service user terminal according to the final transmitting power of each service user terminal, selecting a modulation coding mode according to the signal-to-noise ratio, then carrying out precoding processing according to the precoding vector and transmitting signals according to the modulation coding mode.
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| CN102098772B (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2014-02-05 | 电信科学技术研究院 | Power allocation method and device |
| CN103139887B (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2018-06-19 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | The power distribution method and system of High-Speed Shared Control Channel |
| CN104219748B (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2018-01-30 | 同济大学 | A kind of energy-conservation and user scheduling method of large-scale and multiple users mimo system |
| CN111130605B (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2021-06-04 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Method and device for distributing transmitting power |
| CN112449414B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2022-07-22 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | Transmission power distribution method, network equipment and storage medium |
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| CN1592144A (en) * | 2003-08-07 | 2005-03-09 | 三星电子株式会社 | Method and apparatus for scheduling multiple users in a mobile communication system using multiple transmit/receive antennas |
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| CN1592144A (en) * | 2003-08-07 | 2005-03-09 | 三星电子株式会社 | Method and apparatus for scheduling multiple users in a mobile communication system using multiple transmit/receive antennas |
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