CN101582215A - Multi-stage nine-grid locating method of spatial information - Google Patents
Multi-stage nine-grid locating method of spatial information Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-stage nine-grid locating method of spatial information. Firstly, figure orthophotoquad in the target area is made; basic grid partition for the target area is carried out, and then multi-stage nine-grid is drawn in an overlapped mode in the target area, and is respectively called the basic grid, the first-stage nine-grid, the second-stage nine-grid, the third-stage nine-grid and so forth; the nine-grid takes the basic grid as the initial grid, and multi-stage partition is carried out on the basic grid to form each-stage sub-grid; a multi-stage nine-grid code is composed of each-stage nine-grid code where sub-grids are positioned, and certain geographic element or event spatial location in the target area is determined by a grid code; at last, mutual conversion relationship of nine-grid code and space coordinate is established so as to realize multi-stage nine-grid locating of spatial information. The invention has simple code for representing geographic element or event spatial location, is in accordance with location judgment habit of people, ensures information collection to be more convenient and quicker, greatly improves work efficiency and saves cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of spatial information positioning, reach and gather method for updating, the especially a kind of method that can determine geographic element or event space position fast belongs to the spatial information processing technology field.
Background technology
At present, the spatial information positioning method has multiple, as GPS location, the mapping of traditional striograph, myriametre unit sub-grid, spatial information graticule mesh location etc., when using these localization methods, all there is certain defective to geographic element (as the city parts) or incident location.
GPS is can be with the NAVSTAR of point location, though it establishes one's own system the area map mapping, but handhold GPS machine price is more expensive, and this instrument is disturbed by atural object (massif, forest land, buildings) and ambient signal easily when using in the open air, produce the location drift, its bearing accuracy is 3-10m, can not satisfy the mapping precision requirement of city large-scale map.
The shortcoming of tradition striograph mapping method is to realize real-time mapping.
Myriametre unit sub-grid is that responsibility cellular zone sub-grid is a kind of geographic element, it is irregularly shaped sub-grid, can not be used for locating geographic element, in " the sub-grid city management of myriametre unit " scheme, the location of city parts needs surveying instrument to carry out census operations, need a large amount of expenses, and the renewal measurement of city parts is difficult to guarantee real-time update, even the renewal of a period of time also needs no small expense.
Existing space information graticule mesh location is adopted based on the quaternary tree graticule mesh of ranks coding and is divided localization method, graticule mesh is divided can also can divide (being referred to as the rectangular coordinate graticule mesh) by rectangular coordinate system by latitude and longitude coordinates system divides (being referred to as geographic net).The geographic net system is conceived on a large scale and even the needs of global range macrovisual study, and rectangular coordinate graticule mesh system is conceived to the geography information that real world mainly is applicable to application needs such as expression land and offshore area are planned, designed, construction.These two kinds of graticule mesh that adopt can be used as the position reference of geographic element object at present, can not be used for accurately locating atural object.Need to such an extent that further graticule mesh is segmented.Quaternary tree graticule mesh based on the ranks coding is divided localization method, in actual applications, the position encoded complexity of this grid locating method, not directly perceived, do not meet the custom that people differentiate the orientation, in the zone of no zone boundary or some specific form, this grid locating method can not be located fast and accurately, that gives the locus determines to cause difficulty, causes misjudgment easily.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the multi-stage nine-grid locating method that overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of spatial information is provided.
Problem of the present invention realizes with following technical proposals:
A kind of multi-stage nine-grid locating method of spatial information, it at first makes the digital orthophoto map (DOM) or the digital line layout figure (DLG) of target area; Secondly basic graticule mesh is carried out in the target area and divide, determine the initial initial point of basic graticule mesh; Then, at digital orthophoto map or folded basic graticule mesh and the multi-stage nine-grid painted of digital line layout figure, nine-grid with basic graticule mesh as initial graticule mesh, carry out multistage division thereon again, multi-stage nine-grid is respectively first order nine-grid, second level nine-grid, third level nine-grid, and the rest may be inferred; Every grade of nine-grid is divided into nine square grids that size is identical, and grid is called sub-grid, and nine sub-grids are by triplex row three vertical being arranged in order, the nine-grid of the nested next stage of difference in nine sub-grids of each grade; With a numeral in each sub-grid difference corresponding 1～9 in the one-level; The coding of arbitrary sub-grid in whole graticule mesh system is made up of a plurality of arrays, it is basic graticule mesh coding+multi-stage nine-grid coding, multi-stage nine sub-grid coding is made up of the nine-grid codings at different levels at sub-grid place, the coding figure place is determined by the progression of dividing, wherein, the corresponding high one-level nine-grid coding of high-order digit, the corresponding low one-level nine-grid coding of low order digit, the locus of certain geographical key element or incident is promptly determined by the coding of place grid in the target area.
Above-mentioned multi-stage nine-grid locating method is simplified processing to described digital orthophoto map or digital line layout figure, only keeps the geographic element profile.
Above-mentioned multi-stage nine-grid locating method, described basic graticule mesh is pressed geographic coordinate or rectangular coordinate mark.
Geographic element in the above-mentioned multi-stage nine-grid locating method, described nine-grid or incident are by its attributive classification mark.
The present invention gives sorting code number and location graticule mesh coding with geographic element in the target area and incident.Wherein location coding adopts the multi-stage nine-grid coding of above-mentioned spatial information; And the geographic element sorting code number design of country and specialized department is adopted in sorting code number, when information transmission, except that location coding, can give attribute and attribute coding, carry out information storage, analysis and exchange, carry out accurately control in real time, also can set up multi-stage nine-grid coding and the mutual transformational relation of volume coordinate.Transformational relation commonly used comprises that (X Y) is just calculating the nine-grid coding by rectangular coordinate; By nine-grid coding inverse rectangular coordinate (X, Y); (L B) is just calculating the nine-grid coding by geographic coordinate; (L B), and by coordinate transform, represents on the master control platform, and the geographic element in the space management, incident are carried out accurately, controlled in real time by nine-grid coding inverse geographic coordinate.
The present invention utilizes multi-stage nine-grid that geographic element in the target area or incident are positioned, both adapted to location in the zone of no zone boundary or some specific form, can form multistage regular grid in the zone of determining again, determine the locus of target accurately and easily and can realize mapping in real time.This method is used to represent that the coding of geographic element or event location is simple, meet the custom that people differentiate the orientation, it is convenient, quick that information acquisition is upgraded, can increase work efficiency greatly, cost saving is specially adapted to industries such as geocoding generaI investigation, urban-rural integration management, disaster relief, public accident are emergent, the overall control of social public security, public safety, material management, community medicine, communication navigation, fire-fighting.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of one-level nine palace lattice;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of secondary nine palace lattice;
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram after the I and II nine palace lattice stacks;
Fig. 4 is that multi-stage nine-grid is positioned at the application synoptic diagram in the city management.
Each label is among the figure: I, basic graticule mesh, II, one-level graticule mesh, III, secondary graticule mesh, IV, three grades of graticule mesh, V, well lid, VI, road.
Embodiment
Graticule can also can be divided (being referred to as the rectangular coordinate graticule mesh) by rectangular coordinate system by latitude and longitude coordinates system divides (being referred to as geographic net).For example: since fixing starting at a little, carry out first ranks shape sub-grid with fixing sub-grid spacing and divide, the graticule after divide this moment is called basic sub-grid., carry out multi-stage nine sound of laughing net thereon and divide as initial graticule mesh with basic graticule mesh, form sublattice net at different levels.
It is to be the graticule mesh division of the no application-specific condition of consideration with the versatility that the described graticule mesh of above-mentioned steps is divided, can there be two extended methods to be applicable to different coordinate systems respectively based on this basic skills, one is the rectangular coordinate extended method, is applicable to that the graticule mesh in some areas is used; Another is the geographic coordinate extended method, is applicable on a large scale and even the sub-grid of global range is used.
The rectangular coordinate extended method is identical with basic skills on division methods, and difference is that this extended method is mainly towards the local down sub-grid application among a small circle of plane right-angle coordinate system.Graticule mesh shapes at different levels are rectangular.
The geographic coordinate extended method is an important extended method at big zone and even global graticule mesh research, and this method is the basis that graticule mesh is divided with the geographical co-ordinate system.Graticule mesh shapes at different levels are trapezoidal.Its partiting step is described below:
With the intersection point of equator and 0 degree warp for starting at a little, with fixing dividing through poor, meridional difference procession, graticule at this moment is called basic graticule mesh.
2. be initial graticule mesh with basic sub-grid, carry out multistage segmentation nine palace lattice and divide, form sublattice nets at different levels.
The graticule mesh that the geographic coordinate extended method can carry out is in the world divided, because the existence of basic graticule mesh, various application can be set up different basic graticule mesh, avoid different latitude area graticule mesh shape that the spheroid form of the earth causes than big-difference.
Referring to Fig. 1, nine palace lattice are that a square is divided into nine equal-sized little foursquare graticule mesh, nine sub-grids generally according to from left to right, from top to bottom order is successively by 1～9 these nine numerals.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, if the graticule mesh that basic graticule mesh (square) is divided into nine palace lattice is called the one-level graticule mesh, then can call the secondary graticule mesh to the graticule mesh that the little square in the one-level graticule mesh is divided into nine palace lattice, the graticule mesh that little square in the secondary graticule mesh is divided into nine palace lattice is called three grades of graticule mesh, by that analogy.Fig. 2 is secondary nine palace lattice, and Fig. 3 is the multi-stage nine lattice after the I and II nine palace lattice stacks, can determine the progression of nine palace lattice when specifically implementing according to positioning accuracy request, and progression is many more, and precision is high more.
During concrete enforcement, according to the sparse situation of geographic element or event distribution, the different parts of graticule mesh can adopt different progression, and the progression that adopt in the close place of geographic element or incident is higher.
Compare with dividing localization method based on the quaternary tree graticule mesh of ranks coding, this method is used to represent that the coding of geographic element or event location is simple, easy to understand and memory.As when adopting three grades of nine-grids, minimum grid has 27 * 27, adopts minimum needs 4 bit digital of localization method of the ranks sub-grid of quaternary tree rule could represent the position of a minimum grid, and this method 3 of need only.As the well lid V among Fig. 4, when adopting the localization method of ranks sub-grid of rule, its location tables is shown 2409 (row numbers 24, row number 09), when adopting this method to represent 136 (1 is primary subnet lattice sequence number, and 6 is secondary subnet lattice sequence numbers, and 3 is Level 3 subsidiary lattice sequence numbers).In particular cases, if certain incident or parts are positioned on the nine-grid line just, the sub-grid that comprises this incident or parts has two or three, and can artificially stipulate it belongs to which sub-grid (as belonging to the left sub-grid) this moment.
3. target area geographic element and incident are given sorting code number and location graticule mesh coding.Wherein location coding adopts the multi-stage nine-grid coding of spatial information, and as the well lid V among Fig. 4, location coding is 2409136; And the geographic element sorting code number or the design coding of country and specialized department are adopted in sorting code number, can adopt design coding 115 as the sorting code number of the well lid V among Fig. 4.
4. set up the mutual transformational relation of multi-stage nine-grid and volume coordinate
5. the application multi-stage nine-grid carries out accurately, controls in real time the geographic element in the space management, incident
Use above-mentioned encoding scheme, spatial information is carried out dynamic acquisition and renewal, and, on the master control platform, represent by coordinate transform.Geographic element in the space management, incident are carried out accurately, controlled in real time.
Introduce two embodiment of the present invention below:
One, digital orthophoto map (DOM) nine-grid location mapping method
Digital orthophoto map (DOM) (Digital Orthophoto Map is called for short DOM) is to utilize digital elevation model to digitizing airphoto or remote sensing image, after pursuing pixel radiation correcting, differential rectify and inlaying, the image data that generates, it has the geometric accuracy and the image feature of map simultaneously, generally is the planimetric map that has graticule, the ornamenting of mapborder inside/outside and annotation.Digital line is drawn the vector data collection that map (DLG) (Digital Line Graphic is called for short DLG) is an existing topomap basis geographic element, and preserves spatial relationship and relevant attribute information between key element, describes target location, the face of land and attributive character more all sidedly.Attributive character is meant the description of features such as classification under geographic element or the incident, size, quality, scope.Stack nine-grid location is declared the method for painting and is generally comprised following steps:
1. according to the needed accuracy requirement of mapping, making is used for the needed graticule mesh map of field acquisition.Behind digital orthophoto map overlap-add region location graticule mesh coding map, work out to location graticule mesh coding striograph, be used for surveying and drawing the graticule mesh map of usefulness on the spot.
2. print location graticule mesh coding striograph.
3. mapping worker is held location graticule mesh coding striograph fact-finding mapping.Utilize multi-stage nine-grid coding techniques recognin grid when differentiating mapping on the spot, realize the location.With the sorting code number and the location graticule mesh coding of each geographic element, input hand-held set storage data.
4. Network Transmission.By communication network, with the data transmission that records to the master control system platform.
5. master control system platform processes.Platform is checked data after accepting data or importing mobile phone storage data, finishes the storage and the renewal of data.
6. indoor compilation becomes figure.
7. realize declaring on the spot painting and indoor compilation network cooperating, in real time (mapping) collection geographical space key element.
Two, incident, parts nine-grid locating method in the management of digital city
In the digital city management, parts refer to communal facilitys such as public utility such as road, bridge, water, electricity, gas, heat and park, greenery patches, recreation and body-building recreational facilities, and other facilities; Incident refers to that people's behavioral activity or natural cause cause city city appearance environment and normal order to be affected or destroy, and need city management department to handle and make it to recover the general designation of normal thing and behavior.
Incident, parts nine-grid locating method may further comprise the steps in the management of digital city:
1. according to the digital city regulatory requirement, nine-grid coding map will be made behind the graticule mesh code pattern of map overlap-add region location.Referring to Fig. 4.
2. print nine-grid coding map.
3. the census enumerator holds the generaI investigation location that nine-grid coding map carries out incident, parts.For example, label is that the well lid of V is lost among Fig. 4, and the census enumerater patrols after this situation of discovery, by utilizing multi-stage nine-grid coding techniques recognin grid, realizes the location.The position of this well lid can be represented with the sub-grid coding 163 that comprises it.
4. Network Transmission.The census enumerater utilizes network (mobile phone etc.), with parts (as, well lid) coding and its graticule mesh location coding and event information (as, lose) be sent to the digital city management platform.
5. event handling.After the digital city management platform receives the information of this incident, notify the related personnel to handle, and to the tracking that exercises supervision of the processing procedure of incident.
6. realize the generaI investigation of incident, parts is upgraded.
Adopt the location of multi-stage nine-grid location technology to declare the method for painting, be not subjected to atural object ambient signal disturbing effect, the locator data good reliability.The example laboratory bearing accuracy reaches 0.2-0.4m.Its precision mainly is subjected to the restriction of photomap ground resolution.By analyzing, the method can reach the requirement of large scale topographical map mapping precision.
Several ground resolution photomaps are located to declare and are painted analytical table
| Image ground resolution (m) | Preset scale | Basic graticule mesh is apart from (mm) on the figure | Basic on the spot graticule mesh is apart from (m) | 4 grade of nine palace compartment is apart from (m) | 5 grade of nine palace compartment is apart from (m) | 6 grade of nine palace compartment is apart from (m) |
| 0.2 | 1∶500 | 100 | 50 | 0.617 | 0.2 | |
| 0.4 | 1∶1000 | 100 | 100 | 1.2 | 0.4 | |
| Print photomap 1.0 amplify | 1∶10000 | 100 | 1000 | 12.3 | 4.11 | 1.37 |
| 5.0 | 1∶50000 | 20 | 1000 | 12.3 | 4.11 |
Adopt the location of multi-stage nine-grid location technology to declare the method for painting, realize Real-time and Dynamic (working in coordination with) collection geospatial information key element, guarantee the trend of the times of geospatial information key element, can save a large amount of expenses.The mapping achievement meets the accuracy requirement of corresponding proportion chi topography mapping, and minimum grid unit has reached the pixel ground resolution.
Simultaneously, the true origin of multi-stage nine-grid system is with graticule mesh is apart from changing substantially, and the true terrestrial coordinate value of some position can accomplish that spatial information is secret hiding.Meet the confidentiality requirement of country to spatial information.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of multi-stage nine-grid locating method of spatial information is characterized in that, it at first makes the digital orthophoto map or the digital line layout figure of target area; Basic graticule mesh is carried out in the target area divide, determine the initial initial point of basic graticule mesh; Then, at digital orthophoto map or folded basic graticule mesh and the multi-stage nine-grid painted of digital line layout figure, nine-grid as initial graticule mesh, carries out the multistage division of nine-grid with basic graticule mesh thereon again; Described multi-stage nine-grid is divided into first order nine-grid, second level nine-grid, third level nine-grid, and the rest may be inferred; Every grade of nine-grid is divided into nine square grids that size is identical, and grid is called sub-grid, and nine sub-grids are by triplex row three vertical being arranged in order, the nine-grid of the nested next stage of difference in nine sub-grids of each grade; With a numeral in each sub-grid difference corresponding 1～9 in the one-level; The coding of arbitrary sub-grid in whole graticule mesh system is made up of a plurality of arrays, it is basic graticule mesh coding+multi-stage nine-grid coding, multi-stage nine sub-grid coding is made up of the nine-grid codings at different levels at sub-grid place, the coding figure place is determined by the progression of dividing, wherein, the corresponding high one-level nine-grid coding of high-order digit, the corresponding low one-level nine-grid coding of low order digit, the locus of certain geographical key element or incident is promptly determined by the coding of place grid in the target area.
2, according to the multi-stage nine-grid locating method of the described spatial information of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described digital orthophoto map or digital line layout figure are simplified processing, only keep the geographic element profile.
According to the multi-stage nine-grid locating method of the described spatial information of claim 2, it is characterized in that 3, described basic graticule mesh is pressed geographic coordinate or rectangular coordinate mark.
According to the multi-stage nine-grid locating method of the described spatial information of claim 3, it is characterized in that 4, geographic element in the described nine-grid or incident are by its attributive classification mark.
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| CN111078919A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-28 | 浙江省第一测绘院 | Sudoku-based large-scale vector data suspension processing method |
| CN111078919B (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2023-09-12 | 浙江省测绘科学技术研究院 | Large-scale vector data suspension processing method based on nine grids |
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Application publication date: 20091118 |