CN101581518B - Transcritical CO2 energy-saving heat pump system of solar supplementary heat source - Google Patents
Transcritical CO2 energy-saving heat pump system of solar supplementary heat source Download PDFInfo
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- CN101581518B CN101581518B CN2009100747305A CN200910074730A CN101581518B CN 101581518 B CN101581518 B CN 101581518B CN 2009100747305 A CN2009100747305 A CN 2009100747305A CN 200910074730 A CN200910074730 A CN 200910074730A CN 101581518 B CN101581518 B CN 101581518B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a transcritical CO2 energy-saving heat pump system of solar supplementary heat source, solving the cyclic utilization problem of heat energy. The invention has the technical scheme that the system is composed of a solar heat collection supplementary part and a transcritical CO2 heat pump, two systems are connected by two expanding compressors, and actuating media of the whole system all adopt CO2. The invention has the following advantages that: 1. the invention can save energy; the invention effectively uses solar to be system drive energy, thus greatly improving COP value for system operation, and performing the function of energy saving; 2. the invention is environment-friendly; the refrigeration work media of the whole system all adopt CO2, thus producing no environment pollution; and 3. the invention has favorable economical efficiency; the invention has small cost for later maintenance and investment by once investment. The invention can be widely used forair conditioning, heating, refrigerating and other occasions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar energy utilization technique, particularly a kind of heat pump that utilizes solar energy belongs to technical field of heat exchange.
Background technology
Not only efficiency of energy utilization is low based on the primary energy structure of coal, and causes serious environmental to pollute SO
290% and NO of discharge capacity
x60% of discharge capacity all comes from fire coal.Serious environmental is polluted the influence that ecological environment is caused and has been threatened sustainable development economic and society.Along with rapid economy development, energy resource consumption improves day by day, and the energy becomes " bottleneck " of restriction socio-economic development gradually.The research report is arranged, the building energy consumption account society total energy consumption of China is more than 25%, and in building energy consumption, air conditioning energy consumption accounts for more than 50%, and the demand of building air-conditioning is ascendant trend year by year, bring very big pressure for the energy, electric power and environment, in this case, solar energy more and more is subject to people's attention as a kind of regenerative resource.Solar energy is a kind of huge clean energy resource, and the solar radiant energy that arrives earth surface every day is 5.57 * 10
18MJ is equivalent to 190,000,000,000,000 tons of standard coals, is about 1.56 * 10 of present whole world primary energy total quantity consumed
4Doubly.Solar energy is inexhaustible, cheap with it, safely, the characteristics such as transportation, cleanliness without any pollution that need not are subject to people's attention, solar utilization techniques such as photo-thermal, photoelectricity, photochemistry develop by leaps and bounds.
Because the influence of depletion of the ozone layer and greenhouse effects, substitute more and more be subjected to the freezing attention on boundary of synthetic working medium both at home and abroad with natural refrigerant.In several natural refrigerants commonly used, dewater and air beyond, CO
2Be the refrigeration working medium the most friendly with environment.CO
2Have many good qualities as refrigeration working medium: its ODP=0, GDP=1; Safe in utilization, nontoxic; Physical and chemical stability is good; Refrigerating effect per unit swept volume is big, helps reducing device volume; Under super critical condition, its flowing heat transfer performance is good; In addition, CO
2Obtain easily, cheap, do not need to reclaim.In the CO 2 cross-critical circulation, the exothermic process of carbon dioxide carries out under supercritical pressure, there is bigger temperature to fall after rise, this temperature is particularly suitable for heating the domestic hot water, and the carbon dioxide heat-pump water heater is the heat-pump water heater that generally acknowledged at present each side is better than conventional working medium such as R22, R134a.
Expansion compressor capable is a kind of expansion work retracting device, and the expansion work of decompressor offers auxiliary compressor as input work, finishes compression process with the drive compression machine.Adopt expansion compressor capable to help improving the coefficient of performance of whole system, thereby reach energy-conservation purpose.
In sum, if the technology such as effective utilization, CO 2 trans-critical heat pump system and expansion compressor capable of solar energy can be combined together, be a kind of effective way that realizes multinomial functions such as high efficiency heat supply, cooling.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of solar-assisted heat source transcritical CO 2 energy-saving heat pump that effectively utilizes solar energy, the operation cycle performance coefficient C0P of raising system greatly value is provided.
The alleged problem of the present invention is solved by following technical scheme:
A kind of solar-assisted heat source transcritical CO 2 energy-saving heat pump, this system is working media with the carbon dioxide, comprise solar thermal collector in the formation, first expansion compressor capable, second expansion compressor capable, reservoirs, gas cooler, evaporimeter and two are respectively with first, the motor that the compressor of second expansion compressor capable links to each other, wherein, solar thermal collector is connected in the inlet ductwork of decompressor of first expansion compressor capable, the carbon dioxide that decompressor flows out is through reservoirs, gas cooler is sent into the import of the compressor of second expansion compressor capable, this compressor outlet is connected to the solar thermal collector import, is made of the closed circuit circulatory system of solar energy heating auxiliary thermal source above-mentioned parts; The compressor outlet of described first expansion compressor capable is sent into carbon dioxide the expander inlet of second expansion compressor capable through reservoirs, gas cooler, the decompressor outlet is communicated with evaporimeter, evaporator outlet is connected the import of the compressor of first expansion compressor capable, and above-mentioned parts are formed another road CO 2 trans-critical heat pump closed circuit circulatory system.
Above-mentioned solar-assisted heat source transcritical CO 2 energy-saving heat pump is provided with gas-liquid separator between the compressor inlet of the described evaporimeter and first expansion compressor capable.
Above-mentioned solar-assisted heat source transcritical CO 2 energy-saving heat pump, two exits of described triple valve are respectively equipped with magnetic valve.
The present invention is directed to the using energy source and the problem of environmental pollution of present existence, the auxiliary energy-conservation heat pump techniques of critical-cross carbon dioxide of a kind of solar energy with expansion compressor capable is proposed, this technology is made up of solar energy heating accessory system and CO 2 trans-critical heat pump system two parts, one cover expansion compressor capable is set respectively in two parts, and whole system is working media with the carbon dioxide.Advantage applies of the present invention is aspect following:
1. energy saving: the present invention can effectively utilize solar energy as the system drive energy, has improved the COP value of system's operation greatly, plays energy-conservation effect.System just started or the solar irradiation strength ratio more weak in, start two motor, at this moment, the COP of the system also COP than single-stage CO 2 trans-critical heat pump system is a lot of greatly.When solar irradiation intensity was enough strong, the power consumption meeting of motor was littler, and this moment, the COP of system will be bigger.2. the feature of environmental protection: the refrigeration work medium of whole system all adopts CO
2, do not have pollution problem to environment.3. economy: take a long view, the present invention only needs one-time investment, and later maintenance and investment cost are very little.Based on above-mentioned advantage and people attention, along with the continuous research and the improvement of expansion compressor capable, its cost is constantly reduced simultaneously, thereby provide technical foundation for extensive use of the present invention energy-conserving and environment-protective, solar energy and green working medium carbon dioxide.Can be widely used in air-conditioning, heating, refrigerating and other occasions.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the p-h figure of the circulatory system of the present invention.
Each label implication is as follows among the figure: 1. solar thermal collector; 2. first expansion compressor capable; 2-1. the decompressor of first expansion compressor capable; 2-2. the compressor of first expansion compressor capable; 3. first motor; 4. reservoirs; 5. gas-liquid separator; 6. gas cooler; 7. triple valve; 8. evaporimeter; 9. second expansion compressor capable; 9-1. the decompressor of second expansion compressor capable; 9-2. the compressor of second expansion compressor capable; 10. second motor; 11,12. magnetic valves.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention comprises solar thermal collector 1, first expansion compressor capable 2, second expansion compressor capable 9, reservoirs 4, gas-liquid separator 5, gas cooler 6, evaporimeter 8, triple valve 7, magnetic valve 11,12. and two motor M that link to each other with the compressor of first, second expansion compressor capable respectively in constituting, above-mentioned parts connect by pipeline, form solar-assisted heat source transcritical CO 2 energy-saving heat pump, this system is working media with the carbon dioxide.Solar thermal collector 1 generally is placed on roof, CO
2Steam enters decompressor 2-1 in first expansion compressor capable 2 through solar thermal collector heating back by pipeline import drives the decompressor back of externally doing work and enters reservoirs 4 by pipeline, the CO that comes out in reservoirs and from compressor 2-2
2Steam mixes, export out the import that the back enters gas cooler 6 by pipeline from reservoirs, heat is emitted in cooling in gas cooler, pass through triple valve 7, magnetic valve 11 successively by pipeline then, in second expansion compressor capable 9, enter solar thermal collector 1 after the compressor 9-2 compression and reheat, so just form the auxiliary enclosure portion of solar energy heating.CO
2The compressor 2-2 compression back of steam in first expansion compressor capable enters reservoirs 4 by pipeline, with after the exhaust of middle decompressor mixes, enters gas cooler 6 by pipeline and cools off and emit heat, the CO after coming out from gas cooler in reservoirs
2Successively through the other end outlet and the magnetic valve 12 of triple valve 7, the decompressor that drives then in second expansion compressor capable 9 drives coupled compressor work, the CO after the acting to steam by pipeline
2Cold-producing medium enters evaporimeter 8 sweat coolings, enters compressor 2-2 in first expansion compressor capable by pipeline behind gas-liquid separator 5 at last, thereby forms the CO 2 trans-critical heat pump part.In the present invention, the decompressor in two expansion compressor capables is connected with compressor is coaxial, and the compressor in two expansion compressor capables is connected with motor is coaxial.
Fig. 2 is the p-h figure for the circulatory system of the present invention.The CO of evaporimeter 8 outlets
2Be saturation state, compressor is compressed to b point, overheated CO by a point in first expansion compressor capable 2
2Steam is expanded to the e point by the f point in the decompressor of first expansion compressor capable 2, the CO that comes out from b point and e point
2Steam mixes the back at reservoirs and forms the k point, then, is cooled to the c point through gas cooler 6 equipressures, and the decompressor in second expansion compressor capable 9 expands isentropically to the d point again, and is last, absorbs heat in evaporimeter to saturated vapor state a point.The c point is the compression process of compressor in second expansion compressor capable to the e point, and e point to f point is the heating pressure process of solar thermal collector, and f point to g point is the external acting process of decompressor in first expansion compressor capable.Wherein a-b-k-c-d-a is for striding critical CO
2The heat pump part, e-f-g-k-c-e is a solar energy heating auxiliary circulation part.
Below with certain sub-district 321m
2The villa dwelling house is that example is carried out the example calculation analysis: the cold and hot specification that design is adopted: adopt 7/12 ℃ summer, adopt 35/50 ℃ of floor panel heating winter.Outdoor design parameter: the outdoor calculating dry-bulb temperature of summer air-conditioning is 33.2 ℃; The outdoor calculating wet-bulb temperature of summer air-conditioning is 26.4 ℃; The winter air-conditioning outdoor calculate temperature is-12 ℃; The heat supply in winter outdoor calculate temperature is-9 ℃.The indoor design parameter is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 indoor design parameter
According to the characteristics of the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of villa, calculating this building summer air conditioning load is 27.3kW, and winter, flooring radiation heating and air conditioner load were 32.8kW.
For easy analysis, carry out cycle analysis under the following conditions: (1) systemic circulation is in stable state; (2) indicated efficiency of compressor is 0.9, and the mechanical efficiency of shaft coupling is 0.98, and the efficient of decompressor is 0.8; (3) there is not heat exchange between gas cooler, evaporimeter and the environment; (4) heat transfer temperature difference of gas cooler is 5 ℃, and the heat transfer temperature difference of evaporimeter is 5 ℃; (5) the loine pressure total losses is ignored.
Based on above theoretical calculation formula and original hypothesis condition, stride critical CO to the solar energy of band expansion compressor capable is auxiliary
2Heat pump has carried out theory analysis.Table 2 is for striding critical CO
2The physical parameter of the main state point of heat pump cycle.
Table 2 is striden critical CO
2The physical parameter of the main state point of heat pump cycle
| State point | t(℃) | p(MPa) | h(KJ/Kg) | s(KJ/K·Kg) | p(Kg/m 3) |
| |
2 | 3.669 | 430.4 | 1.837 | 103.7 |
| b | 69.97 | 9 | 465.5 | 1.837 | 207.6 |
| c | 40 | 8 | 403.3 | 1.659 | 278.4 |
| d | 2.001 | 3.669 | 381.5 | 1.659 | 128.4 |
Theoretical calculation analysis shows: when the area of solar thermal collector is 25m
2, every square metre of caloric receptivity is 1KW, and when the total thermal discharge of gas cooler was 50KW, the COP of system of the present invention was 4.79, and its coefficient of performance is apparently higher than single-stage CO
2Stride the critical heat pumping system.
For the pressure that makes the gas cooler import reaches CO
2Critical pressure, temperature solar heat collector in should adopting, its normal working temperature scope is 100 ℃～180 ℃, the pressure limit of expander inlet is 12MPa～14MPa among this moment expansion compressor capable A.
When whole system has just begun to start or solar irradiation intensity can not satisfy the demand the time, need to start first motor 3 and second motor 10, this moment, the merit of motor 10 inputs was bigger; When solar irradiation intensity is satisfied the demand, the less merit of adjustable economize on electricity motivation 10 inputs, motor 3 can directly cut out.
Gas cooler 6 of solar energy heating slave part and CO 2 trans-critical heat pump partial common, the gas cooler liberated heat can freely distribute utilization as required for the user, thereby reach heat, the purpose of heat supply water or heat+hot water, cooling medium can be water, air etc.
Claims (3)
1. solar-assisted heat source transcritical CO 2 energy-saving heat pump, this system is working media with the carbon dioxide, it is characterized in that: comprise solar thermal collector (1) in the formation, first expansion compressor capable (2), second expansion compressor capable (9), reservoirs (4), gas cooler (6), evaporimeter (8) and two are respectively with first, the motor that the compressor of second expansion compressor capable links to each other, wherein, solar thermal collector is connected in the inlet ductwork of decompressor of first expansion compressor capable, the carbon dioxide that decompressor flows out is through reservoirs, gas cooler is sent into the import of the compressor of second expansion compressor capable, this compressor outlet is connected to the solar thermal collector import, thereby forms the closed circuit circulatory system of solar energy heating auxiliary thermal source; The compressor outlet of described first expansion compressor capable is sent into carbon dioxide the expander inlet of second expansion compressor capable through reservoirs, gas cooler, the decompressor outlet is communicated with evaporimeter, evaporator outlet is connected the import of the compressor of first expansion compressor capable, thereby forms another road CO 2 trans-critical heat pump closed circuit circulatory system.
2. solar-assisted heat according to claim 1 source transcritical CO 2 energy-saving heat pump is characterized in that: be provided with gas-liquid separator (5) between compressor (2-2) import of the described evaporimeter (8) and first expansion compressor capable.
3. solar-assisted heat according to claim 2 source transcritical CO 2 energy-saving heat pump, it is characterized in that: gas cooler connects the compressor inlet and the expander inlet of second expansion compressor capable respectively through triple valve (7), and two exits of triple valve are respectively equipped with magnetic valve.
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Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102109248A (en) * | 2011-03-21 | 2011-06-29 | 冼泰来 | Transcritical carbon dioxide solar air conditioning water heater |
| CN102168871B (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2013-01-09 | 上海交通大学 | Solar assisted carbon dioxide heat pump united air-conditioning system |
| CN102798250B (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2015-02-25 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Double-heat-source trans-critical carbon-dioxide multifunctional heat-pump system |
| CN103397990B (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2015-11-18 | 华北电力大学（保定） | The hybrid power system of photovoltaic photo-thermal heat collector assistant coal unit |
| CN103742966B (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2016-01-06 | 昆明东启科技股份有限公司 | A kind of CO2 heat pump and solar energy complementary operation central heating system |
| CN103790662B (en) * | 2014-01-29 | 2015-10-07 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Trans-critical cycle power circulating device and method |
| CN107587942A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-16 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of light decomposes CO2The technology of afterburning dynamical system |
| CN108240235A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-07-03 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of non-compensation combustion type liquefied air energy-storing and power-generating system |
| CN108240242A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-07-03 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of Novel cold-storage liquefied air energy-storing and power-generating system |
| CN108252751A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-07-06 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of liquefied air energy-storing and power-generating system for efficiently using liquid air cold energy |
| CN113819671B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-12-27 | 湖南大学 | Power generation and refrigeration combined system based on carbon dioxide |
| CN115479406B (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2023-06-16 | 浙江理工大学 | Carbon-absorbing type air source heat pump composite system |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN2733216Y (en) * | 2004-09-20 | 2005-10-12 | 天津大学 | Rotatable window type heat pump system |
| CN101137873A (en) * | 2005-03-15 | 2008-03-05 | 大金工业株式会社 | Refrigerating apparatus |
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