CN101579234A - Mercury-free sphygmomanometer - Google Patents
Mercury-free sphygmomanometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101579234A CN101579234A CNA2008101064433A CN200810106443A CN101579234A CN 101579234 A CN101579234 A CN 101579234A CN A2008101064433 A CNA2008101064433 A CN A2008101064433A CN 200810106443 A CN200810106443 A CN 200810106443A CN 101579234 A CN101579234 A CN 101579234A
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- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical group [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a mercury-free sphygmomanometer, comprising: a liquid storage bottle; a liquid column tube which is vertically arranged and communicated with the liquid storage bottle; a sphygmomanometer scale positioned at one side outside the liquid column tube; the first rubber tube, the sphygmomanometer arm band, the second rubber tube and the rubber inflatable ball are sequentially communicated with the top end of the liquid storage bottle; the air valve is arranged at the joint of the second rubber tube and the rubber inflatable ball; liquid metal working media are filled in the liquid storage bottle and the liquid column tube which are communicated, and the liquid metal working media are gallium-indium alloy, gallium-tin alloy or gallium-indium-tin alloy; a first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm which is horizontally arranged is welded on the inner wall of the liquid storage bottle, and the first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm is contacted with a liquid metal working medium in the liquid storage bottle; the top end of the liquid column pipe is provided with an air chamber communicated with the liquid column pipe, and the upper end of the air chamber is welded with a second non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm which is horizontally arranged; the sphygmomanometer has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, simple and convenient maintenance, high measurement reliability, and accordance with the use habit of medical staff, and is an ideal mercury-free sphygmomanometer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the sphygomanometer in the medical instruments field, particularly a kind of mercury-free type blood-pressure meter, it is the sphygomanometer of working medium that this mercury-free type blood-pressure meter adopts the low-melting alloy such as the gallium-indium-tin alloy that are in liquid state under the room temperature.
Background technology
Blood pressure is one of important parameter of the reaction human health status known the most of people, all be unable to do without the measurement of blood pressure in the medical diagnosis on disease process clinically.For a long time, hydrargyrum (hydrargyrum) formula sphygomanometer is used as the goldstandard in the blood pressure determination always.Because hydrargyrum formula sphygomanometer have stable performance, measurement result accurately, advantages such as high conformity, simple in structure, easy to use, low price, be still the most widely used a kind of sphygomanometer in the medical domain at present.
Yet hydrargyrum is a kind of toxic heavy metal chemical substance, is silvery white liquid at normal temperatures and pressures, but it is easy to evaporation and can stops in atmosphere reach 1 year.In case be discharged in the air, hydrargyrum will be by the transport of substances process in the whole world, sedimentation in worldwide.Finally it will accumulate in the deposit of river bed, and it can be transformed into more deleterious form---methyl mercury there, is enriched in then in the tissue of Fish.Hydrargyrum can advance people's human body by skin, breathing and food intake, and DIABLO produces harm greatly through cental system to human health.Hydrargyrum exposes and can also cause emotional, timid, vision and auditory dysesthesia, health paralysis, insomnia, emotional instability, infant development defective, absentminded, be difficult to focus one's attention on and problem such as childhood development is slow.
Just because of the above-mentioned harm of hydrargyrum, concerned countries and organize is successively put into effect various rules and is forbidden or limit the mercurous medical instrument of use.Just banned the sale of all mercurous medical apparatus and instruments in 1992 as Sweden; In the U.S., a lot of states have been limited or have been banned use of mercury temperature to take into account mercurial sphygmomanometer; EU Committee also makes decision several years ago, and in later 4 years in 2005, mercurial thermometer will disappear from the European market, and forbids this thermometer outlet from 2011 years.Although China does not also put into effect relevant laws and regulations at present, the relevant substitute products of mercurial thermometer also appear on the domestic market one after another.
In fact, in all mercurous armarium, the mercury content maximum in the mercurial sphygmomanometer is about 70~100 and restrains/prop up, and is widely used, and these all make it become one of hydrargyrum storage vault maximum in the armarium.Reveal in case hydrargyrum takes place, its harm to medical worker, patient and environment all is very large.Although most countries is not all also prohibited and is used hydrargyrum formula sphygomanometer, medical circle to recognize minimizing gradually and eliminate necessity and the urgency that contains the mercury instrument use at present.Therefore, non-hydrargyrum sphygmomanometer must have broad application prospects.In addition, develop this class sphygomanometer and can fundamentally solve the potential hazard that hydrargyrum is revealed, thereby have very important social meaning.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of structure and pressure measurement principle and the similar mercury-free type blood-pressure meter of hydrargyrum formula sphygomanometer, and measurement is accurate, reliability is high, cost is lower, easy maintenance, does not change medical worker's use habit.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Mercury-free type blood-pressure meter provided by the invention comprises: a liquid containing bottle; The liquid column pipe of the one vertical placement that is connected with described liquid containing bottle; One is positioned at the sphygomanometer scale of the outer side of liquid column pipe; Be communicated in described liquid containing bottle 1 vertical first rubber tube, armbands for sphygmomanometer, second rubber tube and rubber inflatable ball successively; Be installed on the air valve of second rubber tube and rubber inflatable ball junction; It is characterized in that:
In described liquid containing bottle that is connected and the liquid column pipe liquid metal working medium is housed, described liquid metal working medium is gallium indium alloy, gallium ashbury metal or gallium-indium-tin alloy;
Be welded with the first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm of horizontal positioned on the described liquid containing bottle inwall, the liquid metal working medium in the described first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm and the liquid containing bottle contacts;
The air chamber that communicates with liquid column pipe is equipped with on described liquid column pipe top, the second non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm that described air chamber upper end weld horizontal is placed.
The described first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm and the described second non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm are beryllium-bronze diaphragm or rustless steel diaphragm.
The described first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm and the contacted surface of liquid metal working medium are through anodized; Or on the first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm and the contacted surface of liquid metal working medium plating poly tetrafluoroethylene or nickel film.
Add the Fe that accounts for described liquid metal working medium weight 0.1-20% in the described liquid metal working medium
3O
4Magnetic nanoparticle, the outer setting of described liquid column pipe makes described Fe
3O
4Magnetic nanoparticle produces the magnetic driving mechanism to lower magnetic force.
Add the static electrification nano-particle that accounts for described liquid metal working medium weight 0.1-20% in the described liquid metal working medium, the outer setting of described liquid column pipe makes described static electrification nano-particle produce the electrostatic force driving mechanism that moves downward.
Described liquid column pipe internal upper part is equipped with the compression spring, and outer setting of described liquid column pipe makes described compression spring produce the mechanical elastic driving mechanism that moves downward.
Be filled with nitrogen, helium, argon or carbon dioxide gas in the described air chamber.
In described liquid containing bottle and the liquid column pipe electric heater unit is set.
Described liquid column pipe height is between 10cm~100cm.
The ratio of the internal diameter of the described first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm and diaphragm-operated diameter of the second non-pressure-bearing metal and liquid column pipe is all between 10: 1~30: 1.
Mercury-free type blood-pressure meter advantage of the present invention is:
It is simple in structure, easy to make for the non-hydrargyrum sphygmomanometer that the present invention proposes, measure accurately, cost is low; And can not change medical worker's use habit, can be widely used in and substitute hydrargyrum formula sphygomanometer commonly used at present, to solve the harm of hydrargyrum.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of non-hydrargyrum sphygmomanometer of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the diaphragm-operated structural representation of the first non-pressure-bearing metal at A place, liquid containing bottle top among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the diaphragm-operated structural representation of the second non-pressure-bearing metal at B place, liquid column pipe top among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the user mode sketch map of non-hydrargyrum sphygmomanometer of the present invention;
Wherein: liquid containing bottle 1 liquid column pipe 2 sphygomanometer scales 3 rubber inflatable ball 4 air valves 5 rubber tubes 6 armbands for sphygmomanometers 7 first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 8 air 10 room temperature liquid metal working medium 9 second non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 11 air chambers 12 brachial arteryes 13 stethoscopes 14
The specific embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of non-hydrargyrum sphygmomanometer of the present invention; Fig. 2 is the diaphragm-operated structural representation of the first non-pressure-bearing metal at A place, liquid containing bottle top among Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is the diaphragm-operated structural representation of the second non-pressure-bearing metal at B place, liquid column pipe top among Fig. 1; As seen from the figure, mercury-free type blood-pressure meter provided by the invention comprises: a liquid containing bottle 1; The liquid column pipe 2 of the one vertical placement that is connected with described liquid containing bottle 1; One is positioned at the sphygomanometer scale 3 of liquid column pipe 2 outer sides; Be communicated in described liquid containing bottle 1 vertical first rubber tube 6, armbands for sphygmomanometer 7, second rubber tube 7 and rubber inflatable ball 4 successively; Be installed on the air valve 5 of second rubber tube 7 and rubber inflatable ball 4 junctions; It is characterized in that:
In described liquid containing bottle that is connected 1 and the liquid column pipe 2 liquid metal working medium is housed, described liquid metal working medium is gallium indium alloy, gallium ashbury metal or gallium-indium-tin alloy;
Be welded with the first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 8 of horizontal positioned on described liquid containing bottle 1 inwall, the liquid metal working medium in the described first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 8 and the liquid containing bottle 1 contacts, and middle no gap;
The air chamber 12 that communicates with liquid column pipe is equipped with on described liquid column pipe top, the second non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 11 that described air chamber 12 upper end weld horizontal are placed.
The described first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 8 and the described second non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 11 are beryllium-bronze diaphragm or rustless steel diaphragm.
For preventing liquid metal working medium corroding metal diaphragm, the described first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 8 and the contacted surface of liquid metal working medium are through anodized; Or on the first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 8 and the contacted surface of liquid metal working medium, plate poly tetrafluoroethylene or nickel film.
Add the Fe that accounts for described liquid metal working medium weight 0.1-20% in the described liquid metal working medium
3O
4Magnetic nanoparticle, described liquid column pipe 2 outer settings make described Fe
3O
4Magnetic nanoparticle produces the magnetic driving mechanism to lower magnetic force.
Add the static electrification nano-particle that accounts for described room temperature liquid metal working medium weight 0.1-20% in the described liquid metal working medium, described liquid column pipe 2 outer settings make described static electrification nano-particle produce the electrostatic force driving mechanism that moves downward.
Described liquid column pipe 2 internal upper parts are equipped with the compression spring, and described liquid column pipe 2 outer settings make described compression spring produce the mechanical elastic driving mechanism that moves downward.
Be filled with nitrogen, helium, argon or carbon dioxide gas in the described air chamber 12.
In described liquid containing bottle 1 and the liquid column pipe 2 electric heater unit is set.
Described liquid column pipe height is between 10cm~100cm.
The ratio of the diameter of the described first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm and the second non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 11 and the internal diameter of liquid column pipe is all between 10: 1~30: 1.
Embodiment
The non-hydrargyrum sphygmomanometer of present embodiment, employed liquid metal working medium 9 adopts gallium indium alloy (can certainly adopt gallium ashbury metal or gallium-indium-tin alloy), and the first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 8 and the second non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 11 adopt beryllium-bronze diaphragm (or rustless steel diaphragm); The first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 8 adopts seal weldings in the top of liquid containing bottle 1, and the first non-pressure containing disk 8 directly contacts with liquid metal working medium 9 in the liquid containing bottle 1, and middle tight.For preventing liquid metal working medium corroding metal diaphragm, can plate one deck polytetrafluoroethylene film or adopt more anti-corrosion treatment on the first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 8 and the face that liquid metal working medium 9 contacts, as approach such as anodic oxidation, nickel plating; The second non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 11 adopts seal welding in the top of air chamber 12, and air chamber 12 communicates with liquid column pipe 2, equal and atmospheric isolation.Be filled with non-oxidizing gas (as nitrogen, helium, argon or carbon dioxide gas etc.) in the air chamber 12.The present invention is owing to adopted non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm, can guarantee the complete secluding air of liquid metal working medium on the one hand, thereby avoid liquid metal working medium in use oxidized, air chamber 12 and liquid column pipe 2 vertical pressure keep balance with atmospheric pressure all the time on the other hand, in the liquid containing bottle 1 the liquid level place pressure of liquid metal working medium 9 then with armbands for sphygmomanometer 7 in pressure keep balance;
For guaranteeing that the first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 8 and the second non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 11 in use have enough strokes, the ratio of the diameter of the first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 8 and the second non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm 11 and the internal diameter of liquid column pipe 2 all can be between 15: 1~30: 1.
For looking after use habit, the unit of sphygomanometer scale 3 still adopts kPa and mmHg.
Because the density of the liquid metal working medium (gallium indium alloy, gallium ashbury metal or gallium-indium-tin alloy) that the present invention adopts is than hydrargyrum little (being about about half of hydrargyrum), if do not adopt other measure, then the height of liquid column pipe 2 is about about the twice of hydrargyrum formula sphygomanometer (though the liquid column pipe height is higher, can't reduce certainty of measurement).According to actual requirement, can take some measures the height that reduces liquid column pipe among the present invention: these measures can ascribe to basically and apply the external force consistent with gravity direction in liquid column pipe, comprise magnetic force, electrostatic force, mechanical elastic etc., such as can in liquid metal working medium, adding magnetic material such as magnetic Nano Fe
3O
4Granule is to form magnetic fluid; Corresponding electromagnetic drive mechanism is set, to form opposite force simultaneously outside liquid column pipe; Also the porous core runner that can apply electric field can be set in liquid metal working medium, increase the reverse pressure of liquid.Theoretically, these measures all can effectively reduce liquid-column height, and do not reduce certainty of measurement, but this scheme need be introduced the structure that some show complexity slightly.Magnetic material also can be made by materials such as ferrite class, metal species, nitrided iron class, complex class.
In addition, consider sphygomanometer if be in low temperature environment (as transportation etc.) for a long time, liquid in pipe may be in frozen state, need thaw to it during use.For this reason, the present invention can be provided with electric heater unit in liquid containing bottle 1 and liquid column pipe 2, and described working medium is used to thaw.
Sketch use of the present invention below in conjunction with Fig. 4 (the user mode sketch map of non-hydrargyrum sphygmomanometer of the present invention):
1. the experimenter sloughs left arm or right arm coat-sleeve, gets sitting posture, and whole body loosens, and the elbow joint hettocyrtosis places on the test table, makes upper arm central part and cardiac position with high;
2. open non-hydrargyrum sphygmomanometer of the present invention, unclamp the air valve 5 of sphygomanometer rubber inflatable ball 4, displace residual gas in the arm band 7, again air valve 5 is tightened;
3. the arm band is 7 smooth, degree of tightness is twined upper arm to be measured aptly, and arm band 7 lower edges are positioned at 2cm place on the elbow joint at least;
4. two ear devices of stethoscope 14 are filled in external auditory meatus, must make ear device bending direction consistent with external auditory meatus;
5. touch brachial artery 13 position, place of beating with hands earlier in that the fossa cubitalis is inboard, again stethoscope breast device is not stayed above ground, slit is not attached to gently;
6. measurement systolic pressure: extruding rubber inflatable ball 4 is squeezed into air in the arm band 7, makes on the sphygomanometers liquid metal working medium rise to stethoscope gradually and can't hear till the pulse tone, continues to inflate to make liquid metal working medium to rise 2.7-4.0kPa (20-30mmHg) more again; The air valve 5 that comes up immediately, slowly venting, careful auscultation when observation of liquid state metal working medium slowly descends, when hearing first clear and very brief pulse tone of " collapsing " sample, on the sphygomanometers shown in liquid metal working medium height promptly represent systolic pressure;
7. measurement diastolic pressure: make air valve 5 continue slowly venting, at this moment sound strengthens earlier successively, after weaken last complete obiteration again gradually; Sound suddenly by die down by force (or paraphonia) this in a flash, on the sphygomanometers shown in liquid metal working medium height represent diastolic pressure;
Therefore hydrargyrum formula sphygomanometer with current extensive employing is identical basically with method of testing for the test philosophy of non-hydrargyrum sphygmomanometer provided by the invention.
It is simple in structure, easy to make for the non-hydrargyrum sphygmomanometer that the present invention proposes, thermometric is accurate, cost is low; And can not change medical worker's use habit, can be widely used in and substitute hydrargyrum formula sphygomanometer commonly used at present, to solve the harm of hydrargyrum.
Claims (10)
1. mercury-free type blood-pressure meter comprises:
One liquid containing bottle;
The liquid column pipe of the one vertical placement that is connected with described liquid containing bottle;
One is positioned at the sphygomanometer scale of the outer side of liquid column pipe;
Be communicated in vertical first rubber tube of described liquid containing bottle, armbands for sphygmomanometer, second rubber tube and rubber inflatable ball successively; Be installed on the air valve of second rubber tube and rubber inflatable ball junction; It is characterized in that:
In described liquid containing bottle that is connected and the liquid column pipe liquid metal working medium is housed, described liquid metal working medium is gallium indium alloy, gallium ashbury metal or gallium-indium-tin alloy;
Be welded with the first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm of horizontal positioned on the described liquid containing bottle inwall, the liquid metal working medium in the described first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm and the liquid containing bottle contacts;
The air chamber that communicates with liquid column pipe is equipped with on described liquid column pipe top, the second non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm that described air chamber upper end weld horizontal is placed.
2. by the described mercury-free type blood-pressure meter of claim 1, it is characterized in that the described first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm and the described second non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm are beryllium-bronze diaphragm or rustless steel diaphragm.
3. by the described mercury-free type blood-pressure meter of claim 1, it is characterized in that the described first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm and the contacted surface of liquid metal working medium are through anodized; Or on the first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm and the contacted surface of liquid metal working medium plating poly tetrafluoroethylene or nickel film.
4. by the described mercury-free type blood-pressure meter of claim 1, it is characterized in that, add the Fe that accounts for described liquid metal working medium weight 0.1-20% in the described liquid metal working medium
3O
4Magnetic nanoparticle, the outer setting of described liquid column pipe makes described Fe
3O
4Magnetic nanoparticle produces the magnetic driving mechanism to lower magnetic force.
5. by the described mercury-free type blood-pressure meter of claim 1, it is characterized in that, add the static electrification nano-particle that accounts for described room temperature liquid metal working medium weight 0.1-20% in the described liquid metal working medium, the outer setting of described liquid column pipe makes described static electrification nano-particle produce the electrostatic force driving mechanism that moves downward.
6. by the described mercury-free type blood-pressure meter of claim 1, it is characterized in that described liquid column pipe internal upper part is equipped with the compression spring, the outer setting of described liquid column pipe makes described compression spring produce the mechanical elastic driving mechanism that moves downward.
7. by the described mercury-free type blood-pressure meter of claim 1, it is characterized in that, be filled with nitrogen, helium, argon or carbon dioxide gas in the described air chamber.
8. by the described mercury-free type blood-pressure meter of claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described liquid containing bottle and the liquid column pipe electric heater unit is set.
9. by the described mercury-free type blood-pressure meter of claim 1, it is characterized in that described liquid column pipe height is between 10cm~100cm.
10. by the described mercury-free type blood-pressure meter of claim 1, it is characterized in that the ratio of the internal diameter of the described first non-pressure-bearing metal diaphragm and diaphragm-operated diameter of the second non-pressure-bearing metal and liquid column pipe is all between 10: 1~30: 1.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102274012A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2011-12-14 | 衡欣医疗器材股份有限公司 | Pressure detection apparatus for electronic sphygmomanometers |
CN104605836A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2015-05-13 | 吕平 | Closed mercury-free sphygmomanometer |
CN113143236A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-23 | 上海交通大学 | Sphygmomanometer based on gallium-based liquid alloy and blood pressure calibration method |
CN113261927A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-17 | 上海交通大学 | Sphygmomanometer based on gallium-based liquid alloy and blood pressure calibration method |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5201320A (en) * | 1991-06-13 | 1993-04-13 | Prevention Sciences Incorporated | Blood pressure measuring device |
EP0970656B1 (en) * | 1998-07-09 | 2002-07-31 | AccuSphyg, LLC | Hybrid sphygmomanometer |
CN2624819Y (en) * | 2003-01-02 | 2004-07-14 | 吕冠宇 | Non-mercury sphygmomanometer |
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2008
- 2008-05-13 CN CN2008101064433A patent/CN101579234B/en active Active
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CN102274012A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2011-12-14 | 衡欣医疗器材股份有限公司 | Pressure detection apparatus for electronic sphygmomanometers |
CN104605836A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2015-05-13 | 吕平 | Closed mercury-free sphygmomanometer |
CN104605836B (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2017-03-29 | 吕平 | Closed non-hydrargyrum sphygmomanometer |
CN113143236A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-23 | 上海交通大学 | Sphygmomanometer based on gallium-based liquid alloy and blood pressure calibration method |
CN113261927A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-17 | 上海交通大学 | Sphygmomanometer based on gallium-based liquid alloy and blood pressure calibration method |
CN113143236B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-03-29 | 上海交通大学 | Sphygmomanometer based on gallium-based liquid alloy and blood pressure calibration method |
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