CN101576410B - Single-lens local-gating imaging detector based on liquid crystal - Google Patents
Single-lens local-gating imaging detector based on liquid crystal Download PDFInfo
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- CN101576410B CN101576410B CN2009100229630A CN200910022963A CN101576410B CN 101576410 B CN101576410 B CN 101576410B CN 2009100229630 A CN2009100229630 A CN 2009100229630A CN 200910022963 A CN200910022963 A CN 200910022963A CN 101576410 B CN101576410 B CN 101576410B
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- lcd panel
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Abstract
The invention relates to a single-lens local-gating imaging detector based on liquid crystal. The imaging detector comprises a hollow shell consisting of a bayonet, a flip cover, a fan and a display screen, wherein one end of the bayonet outside the shell is provided with a lens; the upper surface of a pedestal inside the shell is fixedly connected with a bracket; the bracket is provided with an HTPS liquid crystal panel, an optical fiber cone, a CCD photosensitive element and a CCD trigger in turn in a direction from the lens to the display screen; the HTPS liquid crystal panel, the optical fiber cone and the CCD photosensitive element are arranged coaxially; a power supply module, an image processing module and a liquid crystal drive module are arranged in the direction from the lens tothe display screen between the bracket and the display screen; and the liquid crystal drive module is connected with the HTPS liquid crystal panel through an HTPS liquid crystal panel signal line. Thesingle-lens local-gating imaging detector not only realizes automatic control and local gating of light intensity and clear imaging under a high light intensity of 10 <5>1x, but also avoids the influence of parallax and image error to ensure that generated images does not have distortion; moreover, the detector has the characteristics of simple structure and higher efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photoelectron Detection Techniques field, relate to a kind of local gating imaging detector, be specifically related to a kind of single-lens local-gating imaging detector based on liquid crystal.
Background technology
At present, most of detectors all requirement can under environmental baseline complicated and changeable, have the ambient light illumination adaptive faculty of bigger dynamic detecting range and broad.For example, military low-light level night vision device, can run into the illumination condition of various complexity in the course of the work, the luminous flux that enters photo-sensitive cell CCD (charge coupledevice) constantly changes, when target or background illuminance surpass the threshold value of detector, video screen just can't be told the image detail of surveying object, badly influences user's visual observation effect.The investigative range of detector and imaging capability all have confidential relation with the luminous flux that enters CCD, and therefore, the reasonable control of CCD luminous flux is the effective means that improves investigative range and image quality.
In order to improve the detection upper limit of detector, realization high light gating is surveyed, and adopts optical device such as adding aperture, filter frequency sheet or variable density plate in detector that luminous flux is weakened usually.In recent years, the detector that adds electronic shutter was arranged also in optical system, as utilize gating power to carry out automatic Light and control and protect the image intensifier of working under the high light condition by pulsed modulation.Above-mentioned these detectors are whole gating control, can't control the light that certain regional area is strong excessively.
Patented claim " a kind of detector of controlling light intensity realization local gating based on liquid crystal board automatically " (application number 200810151198.8, open day 2009.02.18, publication number 101368846A), a kind of detector of realizing local gating is disclosed, light intensity transmitance to each pixel of liquid crystal board is controlled, the realization light intensity is controlled local gating automatically, makes imaging system 10
5Under the high light intensity illumination of lx, can operate as normal and blur-free imaging, enlarged the dynamic usable range of detector, but this detector adopts twin-lens, owing to the influence of parallax and aberration, causes the pattern distortion distortion in surveying imaging process, and complex structure, efficient is lower.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of single-lens local-gating imaging detector, not only realized the automatic control local gating of light intensity, 10 based on liquid crystal
5Blur-free imaging under the high light intensity illumination of lx, and avoided the influence of parallax and aberration, produce the image of the distortion that do not distort, simultaneously, have characteristics simple in structure, that efficient is higher.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention, a kind of single-lens local-gating imaging detector based on liquid crystal, comprise base, one end of base is connected with bayonet socket, the upper surface of bayonet socket is provided with to be renovated, the other end of base is connected with display screen, the upper surface of display screen is connected with fan, base, bayonet socket, renovate, fan and display screen constitute a hollow housing, outside this housing, one end of bayonet socket is equipped with camera lens, in this housing, the upper surface of base is connected with support, on the support, direction along camera lens to display screen is disposed with the HTPS LCD panel, optical fiber cone, CCD photo-sensitive cell and CCD plate machine, the HTPS LCD panel, optical fiber cone and the coaxial setting of CCD photo-sensitive cell, between support and the display screen, direction along camera lens to display screen is disposed with power module, image processing module and liquid crystal driver module, liquid crystal driver module is connected with the HTPS LCD panel by HTPS LCD panel signal wire.
Feature of the present invention also is,
The HTPS LCD panel is selected high temperature polysilicon tft liquid crystal display piece HTPS TFT-LCD for use, and this LCD plate is coupled into an integral body by optical fiber cone and CCD photo-sensitive cell.
The structure of image processing module comprises: the Flame Image Process computing unit is connected with VGA display, VGA scrambler, on-chip memory and Avalon bus respectively, on-chip memory is at least two, the Avalon bus is connected with CCD plate machine by Video Decoder, and the VGA display is connected with the VGA scrambler.
The Flame Image Process computing unit adopts Cyclone II EP2C20F484C7 chip.
Video Decoder adopts the ADV7187 video decoding chip.
Imaging detector of the present invention has following advantage:
1. adopt the HTPS LCD panel that the light intensity of object scene is carried out local printing opacity control, under the high light condition, protected sensor devices and display screen, constitute a kind of imaging detector more with practical value.
2. single-lens system architecture has solved twin-lens and other imaging systems effectively because the pattern distortion that parallax and aberration brought, and the CCD photo-sensitive cell as the live view unit, make imaging detector light, efficiently and miniaturization.
3. the mode of light cone coupling has improved the utilization factor of effective light greatly, and has satisfied single-lens one-tenth system to the harsh one to one requirement of pixel pointwise between imaging and the sensor devices.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of detector of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the graph of relation of the transmitance and the gray scale color range of liquid crystal board in the detector of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the action flow chart of control circuit in the detector of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of image processing module in the detector of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the Flame Image Process curve map of image processing module match of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the design concept figure of liquid crystal driver module in the detector of the present invention.
Among the figure, 1. camera lens is 2. renovated, 3.HTPS LCD panel, 4.HTPS LCD panel signal wire, 5.CCD photo-sensitive cell, 6. power module, 7. liquid crystal driver module, 8. fan, 9. display screen, 10. display screen signal line, 11. image processing modules, 12. the circuit board signal line, 13.CCD plate machine, 14. optical fiber cones, 15. support, 16. bases, 17. bayonet sockets, 18. screw, 19. iron wire, 20.Avalon bus, 21. Flame Image Process computing units, 22.VGA display, 23.VGA scrambler, 24. on-chip memories, 25. Video Decoders.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
The structure of imaging detector of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, comprise base 16, one end of base 16, its upper surface are connected with the bayonet socket 17 of vertical setting, the upper surface of bayonet socket 17 is provided with renovates 2, base 16, bayonet socket 17 and renovate 2 and all adopt the black organic glass to make, and the other end of base 16 is connected with display screen 9, the upper surface of display screen 9 is connected with fan 8, base 16, bayonet socket 17, renovate 2, fan 8 and display screen 9 constitute a hollow housing.This housing is outer, an end of bayonet socket 17 is equipped with camera lens 1, this housing is interior, the upper surface of base 16 is connected with support 15,9 direction is disposed with HTPS LCD panel 3, optical fiber cone 14, CCD photo-sensitive cell 5 and CCD plate machine 13 on the support 15, along camera lens 1 to display screen, HTPS LCD panel 3, optical fiber cone 14 and the 5 coaxial settings of CCD photo-sensitive cell, optical fiber cone 14 respectively with HTPS LCD panel 3 and CCD photo-sensitive cell 5 seamless applyings, HTPS LCD panel 3 is connected by iron wire 19 with CCD photo-sensitive cell 5, and is fixed in support 15 by screw 18.9 direction is disposed with power module 6, image processing module 11 and liquid crystal driver module 7 between support 15 and the display screen 9, along camera lens 1 to display screen.Liquid crystal driver module 7 is connected with HTPS LCD panel 3 by HTPS LCD panel signal wire 4.HTPS LCD panel 3 is positioned at the focal plane of camera lens 1, and display screen 9 is connected by display screen signal line 10 with liquid crystal driver module 7, is provided with circuit board signal line 12 between CCD plate machine 13 and the image processing module 11.
The structure of critical piece and principle of work in the detector of the present invention:
1.HTPS LCD panel 3
The tolerance L of HTPS LCD panel 3 can calculate by following formula:
E＝2.5×2
L (1)
(1) in the formula, E represents illumination, the lx of unit; L degree of showing tolerance, the EV of unit.
The color range value of HTPS LCD panel 3 changes at 0 o'clock by 250, and tolerance has changed about 4EV value.Be equivalent to HTPS LCD panel 3 tolerance of CCD photo-sensitive cell 5 has been improved about 4EV value.Therefore, by changing the color range value of HTPS LCD panel 3 each pixels, can relax picture contrast, and then embody the details of image.HTPS LCD panel 3 is accurately controlled the arrow pitch angle of liquid crystal molecule in each pixel by external signal voltage, regulates the light transmission rate of liquid crystal molecule on each pixel, and then control arrives the luminous flux that CCD goes up each pixel, has promoted the investigative range of system.
2. optical fiber cone 14:
Light cone is that the another hard optical fiber taper after fibre faceplate and optical fiber image inverter passes as device.The same with fibre faceplate, light cone also is to rely on the thousands of optical fiber filaments that merge to transmit different pixels, realizes passing as function.The fiber filaments of optical fiber cone 14 becomes six side's solid matter structures, and light is pressed dog leg path therein and propagated.It provides a kind of distortionless image transmission of amplifying or dwindling.During optical fiber cone 14 coupling CCD photo-sensitive cells 5, because the material difference, both is compatible bad, and therefore, optical fiber cone 14 is bigger with the coupling difficulty of CCD photo-sensitive cell 5.HTPS LCD panel 3 has compatibility preferably with optical fiber cone 14, HTPS LCD panel 3 and optical fiber cone 14 is placed carry out laser alignment on the optical table, then the two is fitted tightly, and promptly finishes the coupling of optical fiber cone 14 and HTPS LCD panel 3.
The structure of image processing module 11 in the detector of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, the structure of image processing module 11 comprises: Flame Image Process computing unit 21 is connected with VGA display 22, VGA scrambler 23, on-chip memory 24 and Avalon bus 20 respectively, on-chip memory 24 is at least two, Avalon bus 20 is connected with Video Decoder 25, Video Decoder 25CCD plate machine 13 is connected, and VGA display 22 is connected with VGA scrambler 23.Flame Image Process computing unit 21 adopts Cyclone II EP2C20F484C7 chip.This chip provides 18752 logical blocks, has 26 embedded 18 * 18 multipliers, 4 PLL, and maximum 315 user I/O pins, 132 differential paths provide EPCS4 series arrangement chip, and support parallel computation, satisfy the requirement of system to computing velocity.Flame Image Process computing unit 21 can't directly be handled the simulating signal of the PAL form of CCD plate machine 13 output, must carry out the high-speed, high precision sampling by 25 pairs of PAL signals of Video Decoder.Video Decoder 25 adopts the ADV7181 video decoding chip, this video decoding chip can detect the videoblankingsync of standards such as NTSC, PAL and SECAM automatically, and this videoblankingsync is converted to the video data output format of 16 or 8 s' ITU 656 YUV 4:2:2.The value of video decoding chip register is divided into the default value and the value of setting.Default value is the default value of the register behind the chip reset, and the value of setting is by the I2C bus default value of control register to be made amendment, and resets the various functions of video decoding chip.Circuit control I2C bus by image processing module 11 is carried out register configuration to video decoding chip, and it is set to the pal mode input, carries out the A/D conversion with the clock of 27MHz, and exports the digital signal that 16 bit formats are ITU 656 YUV 4:2:2.Wherein the data of Y passage are the monochrome informations of pointwise pixel.On the chip internal logical block, generate at least two on-chip memory cells with hardware description language and do the ping-pong operation computing, be used to be interlaced to the change in proper order of lining by line scan, before handling gray level image information, do the pre-service of signal.
Flame Image Process computing unit 21 in the image processing module 11 is adjusted the brightness of HTPS LCD panel 3 pointwise pixels by adjusting the funtcional relationship of input and output brightness value.Carry out fitting a straight line according to inputoutput data, obtain Flame Image Process curve as shown in Figure 5, in the lower A district of input gray level value, the white that system output is highlighted is at districts such as higher A+B of input gray level value and A+2B, the image that system's output is deceived.FPGA disposal system based on Flame Image Process computing unit 21 is not supported floating-point operation, and therefore, for avoiding occurring floating-point, parameter A and B must satisfy certain mathematical relation.The image difference that the imaging system front-end collection arrives, the image rectification when this image is handled is also inequality.For the gray scale of different luminance areas in the various images is carried out freely adjusting, adopt switches set to select different image rectification curves.Switches set adopts dials position switch, and per three is one group, and totally five groups, based on binary coding, have 215 kinds of different integrated modes, be enough to satisfy the requirement of various images.Below be based on the part core processing algorithm of hardware description language Verilog:
always@(CLOCK)
begin //select?reply?or?not
if(SW0＝＝0)
Y_transform＝Yw；
else
begin
if(Yw＜64)
Y_transform＝255-(64-Yw)*(7-X5)；
else?if(Yw＜96)
Y_transform＝32*(X5+1)-(160-Yw)*(X5-X4)；
else?if(Yw＜128)
Y_transform＝32*(X4+1)-(128-Yw)*(X4-X5)；
else?if(Yw＜160)
Y_transform＝32*(X3+1)-(160-Yw)*(X3-X4)；
else?if(Yw＜192)
Y_transform＝32*(X2+1)-(192-Yw)*(X2-X3)；
else?if(Yw＜224)
Y_transform＝32*(X1+1)-(224-Yw)*(X1-X2)；
else
Y_transform＝(255-Yw)*X1；
end
end
always@(CLOCK)
Y_temp＝Y_transform；
Flame Image Process computing unit 21 control VGA scramblers 23 convert treated YUV signal to the RGB coding of VGA interface, to satisfy the VGA interface that liquid crystal driver module 7 adopts, simultaneously, Flame Image Process computing unit 21 also need produce the required standard time sequence of VGA coding demonstration.
The fundamental diagram of liquid crystal driver module 7 in the detector, as shown in Figure 6.Liquid crystal driver module 7 is made up of signal processor, sampling/maintenance driver, pulse producer and phase locking unit, directly drives HTPS LCD panel 3 with the power supply of 5V power supply.The horizontal-drive signal that image processing module 11 produces is input to phase locking unit, and phase locking unit is to HTPS LCD panel 3 outputting VGAs, SVGA and XGA resolution etc., the vertical synchronizing signal input pulse generator that image processing module 11 produces.The serial interface circuit of pulse producer inside is by the configuration of I2C bus external control realization to register.R, G, B three paths of independent vision signal gains and bias voltage adjustment rectification through signal processor, and adjusted signal is input to sampling/maintenance driver, sampling/maintenance driver is directly imported HTPS LCD panel 3 with the vision signal that receives, and HTPS LCD panel 3 shows the vision signal that receives.
The principle of work of imaging detector of the present invention:
Camera lens 1 is imaged on object on the polarizer plane of HTPS LCD panel 3, forms image information, and optical fiber cone 14 concerns one to one according to single pixel this image information is passed on the image sensing surface of CCD photo-sensitive cell 5, finishes the highly effective gathering of optical information.CCD photo-sensitive cell 5 changes the image information that receives into voltage signal, and this voltage signal is transferred to CCD plate machine 13, CCD plate machine 13 is digital signal with the voltage signal that receives by decoding and sample conversion, and this digital signal is delivered to image processing module 11 by circuit board signal line 12.Image processing module 11 is the luminance signal of image individual element with the digital signal transition that receives, and this luminance signal is readjusted according to the threshold function table that sets in advance relation, with adjusted signal again according to the transformational relation of brightness and color space, change the colorful digital signal into, and with this colorful digital signal input liquid crystal driver module 7.Liquid crystal driver module 7 is delivered to HTPS LCD panel 3 by HTPS LCD panel signal wire 4 after the colorful digital signal that receives is carried out the corresponding time sequence processing, finishes the efficient processing of electric signal.The horizontal vertical poly-silicon transparency electrode of high temperature that is distributed on HTPS LCD panel 3 each pixel will be controlled the sense of rotation of liquid crystal molecule according to the electric signal that receives, and demonstrates the image of a width of cloth local gating.
Said process is the collection and the processing of video image first frame, and CCD photo-sensitive cell 5 plays the effect of photometry in this process.When second two field picture passes through camera lens 1 once more at HTPS LCD panel 3 polarizer planar imagings, can superpose with the local gating image that shows on the HTPS LCD panel 3 before, at synthetic again image that each pixel light intensity was adjusted of one side of optical fiber cone 14 coupling HTPS LCD panel 3.This image produces electric signal through the image sensing surface that optical fiber cone 14 is coupling in CCD photo-sensitive cell 5, and this electric signal is sent into image processing module 11 after handling through CCD plate machine 13.Image processing module 11 carries out the coupling of pointwise pixel brightness value once more according to the predetermined threshold value relation, and the image before the coupling is flowed to display screen 9 display images by display screen signal line 10, image through the brightness point by point adjustment is delivered to liquid crystal driver module 7 once more, and is shown by HTPS LCD panel 3.The 3rd frame and each later frame video image will repeat the processing procedure of second two field picture, each pixel brightness value up to present image has all satisfied pre-conditioned, image processing module 11 will no longer be done further processing to the gating image, will show on the display screen 9 that a contrast passed through the image that mitigation, details are embodied.At this moment, whole closed loop feedback system will reach a stable equilibrium point, realize that imaging system is 10
5Operate as normal and blur-free imaging under the lx light intensity illumination.
In addition, if image processing module 11 is not made any change to the output signal of CCD plate machine 13 on monochrome information, promptly only show the image that CCD plate machine 13 collects in real time on the HTPS LCD panel 3 and do not show the gating image.So, the image that shows on the display screen 9 is compared with the image that does not add 3 imagings of HTPS LCD panel, and the contrast of image will be enhanced.This helps imaging detector and detect target object clearly under fuzzy environment, has improved the ability that detector conforms and changes greatly.
Detector of the present invention has not only been realized the automatic control local gating of light intensity, 105Can blur-free imaging under the high light intensity illumination of lx, and avoided the impact of parallax and aberration, make the distortion that do not distort of the image of generation, simultaneously, have characteristics simple in structure, that efficient is higher.
Claims (5)
1. single-lens local-gating imaging detector based on liquid crystal, it is characterized in that, comprise base (16), one end of base (16) is connected with bayonet socket (17), the upper surface of bayonet socket (17) is provided with renovates (2), the other end of base (16) is connected with display screen (9), the upper surface of display screen (9) is connected with fan (8), base (16), bayonet socket (17), renovate (2), fan (8) and display screen (9) constitute a hollow housing, outside this housing, one end of bayonet socket (17) is equipped with camera lens (1), in this housing, the upper surface of base (16) is connected with support (15), on the support (15), direction along camera lens (1) to display screen (9) is disposed with HTPS LCD panel (3), optical fiber cone (14), CCD photo-sensitive cell (5) and CCD plate machine (13), HTPS LCD panel (3), optical fiber cone (14) and the coaxial setting of CCD photo-sensitive cell (5), between support (15) and the display screen (9), direction along camera lens (1) to display screen (9) is disposed with power module (6), image processing module (11) and liquid crystal driver module (7), liquid crystal driver module (7) is connected with HTPS LCD panel (3) by HTPS LCD panel signal wire (4).
2. detector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described HTPS LCD panel (3) is selected high temperature polysilicon tft liquid crystal display piece HTPS TFT-LCD for use, and this LCD plate is coupled into an integral body by optical fiber cone (14) and CCD photo-sensitive cell (5).
3. detector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the structure of image processing module (11) comprising: Flame Image Process computing unit (21) is connected with VGA display (22), VGA scrambler (23), on-chip memory (24) and Avalon bus (20) respectively, on-chip memory (24) is at least two, Avalon bus (20) is connected with CCD plate machine (13) by Video Decoder (25), and VGA display (22) is connected with VGA scrambler (23).
4. detector according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described Flame Image Process computing unit (21) adopts Cyclone II EP2C20F484C7 chip.
5. detector according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described Video Decoder (25) adopts the ADV7187 video decoding chip.
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| CN2009100229630A CN101576410B (en) | 2009-06-17 | 2009-06-17 | Single-lens local-gating imaging detector based on liquid crystal |
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| CN2009100229630A CN101576410B (en) | 2009-06-17 | 2009-06-17 | Single-lens local-gating imaging detector based on liquid crystal |
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| CN101995731B (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2013-03-13 | 西安理工大学 | Liquid crystal-based direct-view anti-glare imager and anti-glare imaging method |
| CN102185996B (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2013-07-10 | 上海融磁电子有限公司 | Shooting type scanner for imaging local imaging surface |
| CN103108158B (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2015-11-18 | 西安理工大学 | Based on intelligent network camera and the image capture method of the high light local gating of DSP |
| CN105318972A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2016-02-10 | 南京理工大学 | Anti-blinding uncooled infrared thermal imager based on liquid crystal light valve |
| CN105933598A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-09-07 | 深圳市文立科技有限公司 | Night vision device |
| CN108200312A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-22 | 中北大学 | A kind of light-field camera |
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