CN101572187B - Preparation method of electrolyte of medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor - Google Patents
Preparation method of electrolyte of medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101572187B CN101572187B CN2008100669513A CN200810066951A CN101572187B CN 101572187 B CN101572187 B CN 101572187B CN 2008100669513 A CN2008100669513 A CN 2008100669513A CN 200810066951 A CN200810066951 A CN 200810066951A CN 101572187 B CN101572187 B CN 101572187B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of the solute of an electrolyte of a medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor. The invention provides the electrolyte containing dicarboxylic acid having a branched chain or salt thereof. The dicarboxylic acid having a branched chain is prepared by evenly mixing and reacting a reactant (A, B are electron withdrawing groups, and R1 is a branched chain) andacrylic acid derivative and catalyzer alkali, saponifying, acidizing by strong acid, decarboxylating and washing by purified water. Ammonium salt is produced if required by dicarboxylic acid containing ether group reacting with ammonia or amine. The electrolyte prepared with acid or salt thereof in the invention has better solubility and thermal stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrolyte and preparation method of solute thereof of electrolyte and preparation method of solute thereof, particularly a kind of medium-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor of electrolytic capacitor.
Background technology
The known aluminium electrolytic capacitor electrolyte of mesohigh electrolytic capacitor, be to be solvent with ethylene glycol, inorganic compound such as boric acid or ammonium pentaborate is main solute, used the main solute as electrolyte such as azelaic acid, decanedioic acid, dodecandioic acid and ammonium salt thereof afterwards instead, also useful above inorganic salts cooperate acylate as solute, such electrolyte is when 105 degrees centigrade or above high temperature, poor stability, under the high temperature As time goes on, conductivity descends very fast, thereby influences the performance and the life-span of capacitor.Its mesoboric acid or its salt also can be at high temperature produce water with glycol reaction, influence life of capacitors, and solubility in ethylene glycol such as ammonium sebacate, dodecandioic acid ammonium is less, is no more than 6% under the normal temperature, poor performance at low temperatures.At present main direction of studying is that to seek a kind of solubility big, and high-temperature stability is good, the conductivity slow solute that descends, and make electrolyte with this.
Summary of the invention
The present invention's first purpose provides the preparation method who is with side chain dicarboxylic acids or its salt in the electrolyte that a kind of solubility is big, high-temperature stability good, conductivity descends slow middle and high jewelling electrolytic capacitor.
Dicarboxylic acids of the present invention is:
R
1, R
6, R
7, R
8Be hydrogen atom or an alkyl that contains 1～10 carbon atom, alkyl can be saturated, also can be undersaturated.Can be with side chain on the alkyl.Also side chain can be with, groups such as ether, sulfuryl, sulfoxide group, cyano group, ester group, hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amide groups can be with on the alkyl.
This band side chain dicarboxylic acids or its salt can make as follows:
1., take by weighing reactant
(N) and catalyst alkali, wherein reactant molar ratio is M: N=1: (0.5～1.5), stirring and evenly mixing;
Wherein A is an ester group among the reactant M
Amide groups
(any one CN), B are hydrogen atom, ester group to cyano group
Amide groups
Cyano group (CN), acyl group
In any one, E is an ester group among the reactant N
Amide groups
Cyano group (any one CN), A, B, E three can be identical, also can be different; And R
1, R
2, R
3, R
4, R
5Be hydrogen atom or an alkyl that contains 1～10 carbon atom;
R among the reactant N
6, R
7, R
8Be hydrogen atom or an alkyl that contains 1～10 carbon atom.
2., its temperature is chosen in 60 ℃～180 ℃ and carries out Michael reacton; Reaction time is 3～24h;
3., the synthetic compound of above Michael reacton, successively through saponification, strong acid acidifying, decarboxylation, again after pure water cleans, get final product described band side chain dicarboxylic acids;
4. as need form ammonium salt then with as described in band side chain dicarboxylic acids and ammonia or amine reaction formation ammonium salt.
Preferably, described R
1To R
8Alkyl can be saturated, also can be undersaturated.Can be with side chain on the alkyl.Also side chain can be with, groups such as ether, sulfuryl, sulfoxide group, cyano group, ester group, hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amide groups can be with on the alkyl.
Preferably, described reactant M can be malonate and derivative, cyanoacetic acid ester derivant and acetoacetate derivatives.
Preferably, as preferred malonic acid methyl ester derivation of the M of one of reactant of the present invention or malonic ester derivative, general formula is:
R
1Alkyl for hydrogen atom or 1～10 carbon atom.This alkyl can be saturated, also can be undersaturated.Can be with side chain on the alkyl.Also side chain can be with, groups such as ether, sulfuryl, sulfoxide group, cyano group, ester group, hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amide groups can be with on the alkyl.
Preferably, reactant M can be malonate and derivative thereof, as butylmalonic acid diethylester, phenyl ethyl malonate, ethyl malonic acid diethylester etc.;
Preferably, reactant M can be cyan-acetic ester and derivative thereof, as 2-cyanopropionic acid methyl esters, 2-cyano butyric acid ethyl ester etc.;
Preferably, reactant M can be an acetoacetate derivatives, as 2-acetyl methyl caproate etc.
Preferably, be acrylic acid derivative as the N of one of reactant of the present invention, its general formula is:
R
6, R
7, R
8For hydrogen atom or contain the alkyl of 1～10 carbon atom.This alkyl can be saturated, also can be undersaturated.Can be with side chain on the alkyl.Also side chain can be with, groups such as ether, sulfuryl, sulfoxide group, cyano group, ester group, hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amide groups can be with on the alkyl.E is previously described group
Preferably, the typical compound of described reactant N has sorbate, acrylate, methacrylate, acrylonitrile, Methacrylamide etc.
Derivative when preferred malonic acid methyl esters of reactant M of the present invention or malonic ester; Reactant N preferable methyl methyl acrylate or EMA.Be example with malonic acid methyl ester derivation and methyl methacrylate reaction now, its reaction equation is as follows:
The compound that above Michael reacton is synthetic passes through saponification, strong acid acidifying, decarboxylation (150～170 ℃), again after pure water cleans successively, can obtain solute of the present invention: band side chain dicarboxylic acids:
Its synthetic product is 2-methyl-4-alkyl glutaric acid.Preferred 4～8 the carbon atom chain lengths of the alkyl here.Can obtain like this as 2-methyl-4-butyl glutaric acid, 2-methyl-4-hexyl glutaric acid, 2-methyl-4-octyl group glutaric acid, 2-methyl-4-benzyl glutaric acid etc.
Preferably, the preferred M of reaction mol ratio of reactant M and N: N=1: (0.8～1.2)
Preferably, also need alkali to make catalyst as Michael reacton.Alkali can be any one or its combination in the ammonia of alkyl compound, alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal of hydride, alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal of alkoxide, alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal of hydroxide, alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal of organic amine, alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal or the amines.
Preferably, the mol ratio of catalyst and reactant M is 0.005～0.20, preferred .0.02～0.15;
Preferably, reaction temperature is 60～180 ℃, preferred 80～110 ℃;
Preferably, the reaction time is 3～24h, preferred 8～15h.
Preferably, the R in reactant M
1During for hydrogen atom, itself and N reactant are L:
L can be again and the electrophilic reagent reaction, obtains and corresponding to compound above.
X can be chlorine atom, bromine atoms, iodine atom or monoalkyl sulfate group, sulfonic group, hydroxide, alkoxide, alkyl compound, ammonia or the amines that used here alkali can be alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal, in the hydride any one.
The mol ratio of alkali and L is: 1.0～1.1, and R
1The mol ratio of X and L is 1.0～1.1;
It is alcohol, ether, ester, acid amides, sulfone etc. that solvent is selected in this reaction for use;
Reaction temperature is 60～180 ℃, preferred 80～120 ℃;
Reaction time is 5～24h, preferred 10～15h..
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The electrolyte that acid of the present invention or its salt make has higher flash over voltage and better thermal stability.
And solute of the present invention has better dissolubility in ethylene glycol.
The middle and high jewelling electrolytic capacitor that contains this electrolyte has the flash over voltage height, and capacitor life-span is long, has the characteristics of better cryogenic property.
Labor is listed and made to concrete experiment effect in concrete enforcement in detail.
Embodiment
In order to further specify content of the present invention, further described in detail below in conjunction with concrete execution mode.
Embodiment 1:
Hexyl dimethyl malenate 210g (being 0.97mol), methyl methacrylate 100g (being 1mol), sodium methoxide 5g (being 0.093mol), mixing, stirring, 90 ℃ of reactions 14 hours, neutrality neutralizes, decompression distillation, through saponification, acidifying, decarboxylation, cleaning, get 2-methyl-4-hexyl glutaric acid 150g, yield 67% (in the hexyl dimethyl malenate) again;
Embodiment 2:
Butylmalonic acid dimethyl ester 435g (being 2.3mol), methyl methacrylate 250g (being 2.5mol), sodium methoxide 13.5g (being 0.25mol), mixing, stirring, 85 ℃ of reactions 10 hours, neutrality neutralizes, decompression distillation, through saponification, acidifying, decarboxylation, cleaning, get 2-methyl-4-butyl glutaric acid 360g, yield 77% (in the butylmalonic acid dimethyl ester) again;
Embodiment 3:
2-methyl-4-hexyl glutaric acid and ammonia are made positive ammonium salt, be made into 5% ethylene glycol solution, add 0.1% ammonium hypophosphite and 0.4% p-nitrophenyl methyl alcohol again, be sealed in the stainless steel cylinder, at 105 ℃ of following constant temperature as electrolyte;
Embodiment 4:
2-methyl-4-butyl glutaric acid and ammonia are made positive ammonium salt, be made into 5% ethylene glycol solution, add 0.1% ammonium hypophosphite and 0.4% p-nitrophenyl methyl alcohol again, be sealed in the stainless steel cylinder, at 105 ℃ of following constant temperature as electrolyte;
Comparative Examples 1:
Ammonium sebacate is made into 5% ethylene glycol solution as electrolyte, adds 0.1% ammonium hypophosphite and 0.4% p-nitrophenyl methyl alcohol again, be sealed in the stainless steel cylinder, at 105 ℃ of following constant temperature;
Below the foregoing description gained experimental result is carried out statistical analysis:
Table one: initial value
| Embodiment | Moisture content (Wt%) | PH(30℃) | Conductivity (30 ℃, ms/cm) | Flash over voltage (V) |
| Embodiment 3 | 1.29 | 6.80 | 1402 | ?482 |
| Embodiment 4 | 1.26 | 6.87 | 1658 | ?464 |
| Comparative Examples 1 | 1.20 | 7.25 | 1940 | ?474 |
Table two: conductivity variations value behind 105 ℃ of constant temperature
| Embodiment | 0h | 800h | 1500h | 2000h | Rate of change (behind the 2000h) with the 0h contrast |
| Embodiment 3 | 1402 | 885 | 801 | 745 | -47％ |
| Embodiment 4 | 1658 | 970 | 933 | 882 | -47％ |
| Comparative Examples 1 | 1940 | 599 | 534 | 497 | -74％ |
2-methyl-4-butyl glutaric acid ammonium and 2-methyl-4-hexyl glutaric acid ammonium under heating, are made into 20% ethylene glycol solution respectively, and normal temperature stirs 48h, the transparent crystal of not separating out of solution down; Ammonium sebacate is made into 20% ethylene glycol solution under heating, stirs a little under the normal temperature and promptly separate out a large amount of crystal.
Can draw from above data and phenomenon, the binary organic carboxyl acid of gained of the present invention has higher conductivity and flash over voltage.With its used in aluminium electrolytic capactiance electrolyte made from make electrolyte with ammonium sebacate and compare comparison, behind 105 ℃ of constant temperature of high temperature, its conductivity variations rate is significantly less than ammonium sebacate conductivity variations rate, its ammonium salt is better than ammonium sebacate in the ethylene glycol dissolubility.
Certainly, the above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, can not limit scope of the invention process with this, promptly the simple equivalent of being done according to claim of the present invention and invention description content generally changes and modifies, and all still belongs in the scope that patent of the present invention contains.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of solute of the electrolyte of a middle and high jewelling electrolytic capacitor, it comprises the steps:
1., take by weighing reactant
With catalyst alkali, wherein reactant molar ratio is M: N=1: (0.5～1.5), stirring and evenly mixing;
Wherein A is an ester group among the reactant M
Amide groups
And cyano group (any one CN), B are hydrogen atom, ester group
Amide groups
Cyano group (CN) and acyl group
In any one, E is an ester group among the reactant N
Amide groups
And cyano group (any one CN); And R
1, R
2, R
3, R
4, R
5Be hydrogen atom or an alkyl that contains 1～10 carbon atom; R among the reactant N
6, R
7, R
8Be hydrogen atom or an alkyl that contains 1～10 carbon atom;
2., temperature is controlled at a predetermined temperature in 60 ℃～180 ℃ scopes, carry out Michael reacton, the reaction time is 3～24h;
3., compound that above Michael reacton is synthetic successively through saponification, strong acid acidifying, decarboxylation, again after pure water cleans, get final product described band side chain dicarboxylic acids.
2. the preparation method of solute of electrolyte as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described R
1To R
8Have ether, sulfuryl, sulfoxide group, cyano group, ester group, hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl or amide groups on the alkyl.
3. the preparation method of solute of electrolyte as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reactant M is malonate and derivative, cyanoacetic acid ester derivant or acetoacetate derivatives.
4. the preparation method of solute of electrolyte as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described reactant M is butylmalonic acid diethylester, phenyl ethyl malonate, ethyl malonic acid diethylester, 2-cyanopropionic acid methyl esters, 2-cyano butyric acid ethyl ester or 2-acetyl methyl caproate.
5. the preparation method of solute of electrolyte as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described reactant N is sorbate, acrylate, methacrylate, acrylonitrile or Methacrylamide.
6. the preparation method of solute of electrolyte as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: any one or its combination in the ammonia of alkyl compound, alkali metal or the alkaline-earth metal of hydride, alkali metal or the alkaline-earth metal of alkoxide, alkali metal or the alkaline-earth metal of hydroxide, alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal that described catalyst alkali is organic amine, alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal or the amines.
7. the preparation method of solute of electrolyte as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described solvent is in alcohol, ether, ester, acid amides, the sulfone one or more.
8. the preparation method of solute of electrolyte as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mol ratio of described catalyst alkali and reactant M is 0.005～0.20.
9. as the preparation method of solute of any described electrolyte in the claim 1～8, it is characterized in that: also comprise step 4., described band side chain dicarboxylic acids and ammonia or amine reaction formation ammonium salt.
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| CN105006366B (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2017-09-15 | 武汉海斯普林科技发展有限公司 | A kind of high pressure aluminum electrolytic capacitor electrolyte |
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| CN105513801B (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-11-13 | 东莞市久制电子有限公司 | A kind of high temperature resistant long life aluminum electrolytic capacitor of resistance to ripple electrolyte and preparation method thereof |
| CN106653370B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2018-08-21 | 无锡泰威电子有限公司 | A kind of wide temperature Working electrolyte of anhydrous ultralow temperature and preparation method thereof |
| EP3671781B1 (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2023-11-22 | Capxon Electronic Technology Co., Ltd | Hybrid aluminum electrolytic capacitor and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN110648850A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-01-03 | 肇庆绿宝石电子科技股份有限公司 | Aluminum electrolytic capacitor special for high-power supply |
| CN113628884B (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2023-01-17 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | Electrolyte for aluminum electrolytic capacitor and aluminum electrolytic capacitor |
| CN111584239A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-08-25 | 贵州云睿电子科技有限公司 | Electrolyte of medium-voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor |
| CN111681877B (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2021-09-07 | 上海交通大学 | Ionic liquid electrolyte for ultra-high stability aluminum electrolytic capacitor and preparation method thereof |
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| US6285543B1 (en) * | 1998-12-01 | 2001-09-04 | Rubycon Corporation | Electrolytic solution for use in electrolytic capacitor and electrolytic capacitor |
| CN101004976A (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2007-07-25 | 东莞市东阳光电容器有限公司 | Electrolyte of electrolytic capacitor |
| CN101114544A (en) * | 2006-07-29 | 2008-01-30 | 广西师范大学 | Working electrolyte for wide temperature high voltage aluminium electrolytic capacitor and method for making same thereof |
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2008
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Patent Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6285543B1 (en) * | 1998-12-01 | 2001-09-04 | Rubycon Corporation | Electrolytic solution for use in electrolytic capacitor and electrolytic capacitor |
| CN101114544A (en) * | 2006-07-29 | 2008-01-30 | 广西师范大学 | Working electrolyte for wide temperature high voltage aluminium electrolytic capacitor and method for making same thereof |
| CN101004976A (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2007-07-25 | 东莞市东阳光电容器有限公司 | Electrolyte of electrolytic capacitor |
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