CN101570065A - Method for manufacturing intelligent composite-material laminates used for monitoring structural longitudinal strain - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing intelligent composite-material laminates used for monitoring structural longitudinal strain Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101570065A
CN101570065A CNA2009100119344A CN200910011934A CN101570065A CN 101570065 A CN101570065 A CN 101570065A CN A2009100119344 A CNA2009100119344 A CN A2009100119344A CN 200910011934 A CN200910011934 A CN 200910011934A CN 101570065 A CN101570065 A CN 101570065A
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composite
fiber
strain
layer
fiber grating
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CN101570065B (en
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卢少微
陈平
马克明
王柏臣
陆春
李伟
于祺
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Dalian University of Technology
Shenyang Institute of Aeronautical Engineering
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Dalian University of Technology
Shenyang Institute of Aeronautical Engineering
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for manufacturing intelligent composite-material laminates used for monitoring structural longitudinal strain. In order to solve the technical problems that as fiber grating sensors are bonded to the surface of a structure through polyimide resin or epoxy resin commonly used in the prior engineering, optic fiber in service is easily destroyed; the optic fiber can get encapsulation protection but cause the concentration of surrounding stress/strain thereof if the optic fiber is directly embedded in a composite-material structure; and thermal residual stress produced in a material-curing process can cause chirp phenomena of fiber grating reflection spectrum to affect the measurement accuracy of grating strain, and the like, the invention provides the method for manufacturing intelligent composite-material laminates used for monitoring structural longitudinal strain. In the method, the fiber grating sensors are embedded in composite-material layers to replace resistance strain gauges commonly used in the field of monitoring structural health; by applying prestress to embedded fiber gratings, the influence of the curing residual stress of composite material on the fiber grating reflection spectrum is reduced so as to avoid the chirp phenomena; and the stability and repeatability of the sensors are improved. In addition, the composite material plays a good role in encapsulating and protecting bare fiber gratings, and meets engineering construction requirement on sensor sensitivity.

Description

A kind of method for manufacturing intelligent composite-material laminates that is used for structure longitudinal strain monitoring
Technical field:
The invention belongs to a kind of intelligent composite preparation method, specifically a kind of intelligent composite-material laminates preparation method that the structure longitudinal strain detects that is used for who imbeds fiber-optic grating sensor.
Background technology:
In recent years, fiber-optic grating sensor is widely used in engineering structure longitudinal strain monitoring field.Compare with the traditional resistor foil gauge; fiber grating has the wavelength-division multiplex function; using an optical fiber just can detect by the implementation structure multiple spot simultaneously; remove in addition; optical fiber is not subjected to electromagnetic interference; do not need the insulation protection with structural material, high temperature resistance, resist chemical can be used as the Perfected process of surveying hidden environment and non-contactable region territory longitudinal strain monitoring.
Usually with polyimide resin or epoxy resin fiber-optic grating sensor is bonded in body structure surface on the engineering, but optical fiber destroys especially easily in the military service process.So directly optical fiber is directly imbedded sometimes and is used for strain and temperature monitoring in the composite structure; composite also can play the good packaging protection effect of optical fiber simultaneously; but fiber grating is imbedded and can be caused concentrating of its ambient stress/strain; the hot residual stress that produces in the composite material solidification process also can cause the chirp phenomenon of fiber grating reflectance spectrum simultaneously, influences the strain measurement precision of grating.Studies show that when fiber grating is imbedded 0 degree composite interlayer, less to the influence of optical grating reflection spectrum, but can realize not necessarily that on composite Materials Design the bare fibre of imbedding composite simultaneously is very fragile, this is in the large-scale engineering construction, and technology can't guarantee.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is bonded in body structure surface for polyimide resin or epoxy resin commonly used on the engineering that solves present existence with fiber-optic grating sensor; optical fiber destroys especially easily and directly imbeds optical fiber in the composite structure in the process under arms; though obtain good packaging protection; but can cause concentrating of its ambient stress/strain; the hot residual stress that produces in the composite material solidification process also can cause the chirp phenomenon of fiber grating reflectance spectrum simultaneously, influences the strain measurement precision of grating.When fiber grating was imbedded 0 degree composite interlayer, the fiber grating certainty of measurement was higher, but this is on the composite Materials Design and in the large-scale engineering construction, and technology can't guarantee.At these technical problems, the invention provides a kind of method for manufacturing intelligent composite-material laminates that is used for structure longitudinal strain monitoring, fiber-optic grating sensor is imbedded the resistance strain gage that comes alternative structure health monitoring field commonly used in the compound material laying layer.This intelligent composite sensing layer board manufacturing method is realized as follows:
(1) select the CFRP of thick 0.2mm or the GFRP material prepreg of thick 0.15mm, CFRP is by the mass ratio shop layer of warp/broadwise 50/50; GFRP is by layer structure shop, the mass ratio shop layer of warp/broadwise 80/20;
(2) material prepreg is pressed 100mm * 20mm reduction, shop layer by hand;
(3) apply prestressing force at the two ends that will imbed fiber grating, put into composite-material laminates, port section protective quartz embedded composite material along the 100mm direction;
(4) the compound material laying layer is sealed with vacuum bag, fiber grating passes vacuum bag by the silicone rubber seal adhesive tape;
(5) composite behind the layer of shop is put into autoclave, is warmed up to 125 ℃, and internal vacuum reaches 0.085Mpa, and external pressure 0.1Mpa kept 2 hours under this condition, dropped to room temperature; Intensification and cooling rate are 1 ℃/minute;
(6) thickness of final CFRP is 0.4mm, and GFRP thickness is 0.35mm.
Characteristics of the present invention and beneficial effect: by applying prestressing force, reduced of the influence of composite material solidification residual stress, avoided the generation of chirp phenomenon, improved the stable and repeated of sensor to the fiber grating reflectance spectrum to imbedding fiber grating.Composite has also played the good packaging protection effect of bare optical fibers and bare optical gratings simultaneously, has satisfied engineering construction to the transducer sensitivity requirement.
The intelligent composite-material laminates of imbedding fiber grating is used for engineering structure longitudinal strain monitoring, the moulding process of imbedding technology and composite-material laminates by the control fiber grating, make the fiber grating reflectance spectrum keep its stable unimodal shape, improve its strain monitoring precision.By using this intelligent composite-material laminates to carry out structure longitudinal strain when monitoring, that just needn't consider fiber grating imbeds technology and encapsulation problem, satisfies fiber grating and uses in the through engineering approaches of structure longitudinal strain monitoring.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an operation principle sketch of the present invention.
The sign flag explanation that in Fig. 1, occurs:
1 represents fiber-optic grating sensor; Symbol 2 is represented optical fiber; Symbol 3 is represented the compound material laying layer; Symbol 4 is represented vacuum bag; Meet 5 and represent quartz sheath; Symbol 6 is represented predispersed fiber stress bringing device.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of method for manufacturing intelligent composite-material laminates that is used for structure longitudinal strain monitoring, its step is as follows:
(1) select the CFRP of thick 0.2mm or the GFRP material prepreg of thick 0.15mm, CFRP is by the shop layer of warp/broadwise 50/50 (mass ratio); GFRP is by layer structure shop, the shop layer of warp/broadwise 80/20 (mass ratio);
(2) material prepreg is pressed 100mm * 20mm reduction, shop layer by hand;
(3) apply prestressing force at the two ends that will imbed fiber grating, put into composite-material laminates, port section protective quartz embedded composite material along the 100mm direction;
(4) the compound material laying layer is sealed with vacuum bag, fiber grating passes vacuum bag by the silicone rubber seal adhesive tape;
(5) compound material laying layer structure put into autoclave, is warmed up to 125 ℃, and internal vacuum reaches 0.085Mpa, and external pressure 0.1Mpa kept 2 hours under this condition, dropped to room temperature; Intensification and cooling rate are 1 ℃/minute;
(6) thickness of final CFRP is 0.4mm, and GFRP thickness is 0.35mm.
Operation principle
When temperature, strain and other measured physical quantity around the grating change, to cause the variation of grating cycle or fiber core refractive index, thereby the centre wavelength of fiber grating is drifted about, just can obtain the situation of change of measured physical quantity by the variation that detects grating centre wavelength.When having only effects of strain, the drift of centre wavelength is mainly determined by strain.
Strain causes that the relative drift of grating bragg wavelength is
Δλ B λ B = ( 1 - p e ) · ϵ x = k ϵ ϵ x
p e = 1 2 n eff 2 [ p 12 - v ( p 11 + p 12 ) ] , Be effective strain optical coefficient of optical fiber, v is the Poisson's ratio of optical fiber core material; Δ λ BBe reflection kernel wavelength change amount.For the FBG Fibre Optical Sensor that generally uses, optical fiber is silica dioxide medium, and effectively strain optical coefficient is P e≈ 0.22 [10], k then ε≈ 7.8 * 10 -7(μ ε -1), be the theoretical sensitivity coefficient of Bragg optical grating strain sensing.
Should note in force:
1, in this invention fiber-optic grating sensor to imbed technology very important to the strain certainty of measurement, if do not apply primary stress, it is bad to cause optical fiber to combine with matrix material, can cause the warbling of optical grating reflection spectrum, produces the multimodal phenomenon.Keep the prestressing force of optical fiber in the resin curing process, can reduce the influence of horizontal hot residual stress, can reduce the influence of the little curved effect of composite warp/broadwise adjacent layer simultaneously.
2, fiber grating is prestressed applies (prestressed apply the centre wavelength that size will guarantee fiber grating drift about) uses encapsulation apparatus for exerting prestress of optical fiber grating sensor, sees patent 200810150477.2.
3, the grating length of fiber-optic grating sensor can be selected 5mm, 10mm, 15mm for use, and grating department is divided into naked optical grating construction, and the wave-length coverage of grating is 1510-1590nm.
4, during strain measurement, dynamic strain measurement can use the SI425 dynamic raster (FBG) demodulator of MOI company, and the measurement of static strain can be used SI125-500 static strain (FBG) demodulator, study the details of optical grating reflection spectrum and can use SI725 grating demodulation instrument.
5, the moulding process of composite also can adopt die press technology for forming except that adopting step (5).
6, the resin of prepreg can be selected epoxy or bismaleimide resin system for use.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of method for manufacturing intelligent composite-material laminates that is used for structure longitudinal strain monitoring, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of this laminate realizes by following step:
(1) select the CFRP of thick 0.2mm or the GFRP material prepreg of thick 0.15mm, CFRP is by the mass ratio shop layer of warp/broadwise 50/50; GFRP is by the mass ratio shop layer of warp/broadwise 80/20;
(2) material prepreg is pressed 100mm * 20mm reduction, shop layer by hand;
(3) apply prestressing force at the two ends that will imbed fiber grating, put into composite-material laminates, port section protective quartz embedded composite material along the 100mm direction;
(4) the compound material laying layer is sealed with vacuum bag, fiber grating passes vacuum bag by the silicone rubber seal adhesive tape;
(5) composite behind the layer of shop is put into autoclave, is warmed up to 125 ℃, and internal vacuum reaches 0.085Mpa, and external pressure 0.1Mpa kept 2 hours under this condition, dropped to room temperature; Intensification and cooling rate are 1 ℃/minute;
(6) thickness of final CFRP is 0.4mm, and GFRP thickness is 0.35mm.
2, method for manufacturing intelligent composite-material laminates according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described prepreg is selected epoxy or bismaleimide resin system for use.
3, method for manufacturing intelligent composite-material laminates according to claim 1 is characterized in that: compression molding is adopted in the moulding of the composite behind the layer of described step (5) shop.
CN2009100119344A 2009-06-10 2009-06-10 Method for manufacturing intelligent composite-material laminates used for monitoring structural longitudinal strain Expired - Fee Related CN101570065B (en)

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CN102853856A (en) * 2012-07-24 2013-01-02 中国电子科技集团公司第八研究所 Method for eliminating chirping phenomenon of fiber grating sensor
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CN103673914A (en) * 2013-12-13 2014-03-26 北京航天时代光电科技有限公司 Optical fiber grating strain sensor and installation method thereof
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