CN101570039A

CN101570039A - Concrete mixer

Info

Publication number: CN101570039A
Application number: CNA2008100839980A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙元斌
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-04-29
Filing date: 2008-04-29
Publication date: 2009-11-04

Abstract

The invention relates architecture machinery, in particular to a concrete mixer. A conveying hose, a mixing drum and a hopper are sequentially connected from front to back, and are installed at the front part of a stand. A cutter shaft and a power system are sequentially connected from front to back, and are installed at the back part of the stand. A reamer is installed on the cutter shaft which is inserted into the mixing drum by penetrating through the hopper; the power system transfers power to the cutter shaft which transfers the power to the reamer, and the reamer drives raw materials or new concrete forwards or pulls the raw materials to be dispersed out of the axes or gathers the raw materials towards the axes after rotating; the raw materials in the hopper enter the mixing drum through a feeding drum, and form the new concrete with materials gradually changing after the reamer of the mixing drum mixes the raw materials.

Description

Concrete mixer

The present invention relates to a kind of building mixer, especially multiple fresh concrete is carried out generating the concrete mixer of new some kinds after the stirring and processing again.

Technical background:

At present, the material of common members such as construction wall, mostly adopt homogeneous material to build, such as the block wall of single material, concrete wall etc., but this type of building element, all need satisfy requirement of strength and structure and require two leading indicators, often occur as the situation that satisfies the structure requirement and strengthen member section, cause unnecessary waste.

Summary of the invention:

1, the present invention discloses a kind of building mixer, and this function is admixed original several concrete, forms a greater variety of concrete, building elements such as concrete constructions body of wall with this machine manufacturing, can form the member section of material gradual change, can make full use of material property, save construction cost.

2, mixer of the present invention is formed (Fig. 1,2) by frame, dynamical system, hopper, barrel, hinge (axle) cutter, flexible pipe six parts, several raw materials (varying strength, performance, down together) can be generated the concrete of less differential (or performance gradual change).This mixer is that flexible pipe, barrel, hopper, hinge (axle) cutter, dynamical system are linked in sequence successively and are installed on the frame and form.

This machine is established some hoppers, barrel, each raw material is poured into respectively among hopper (the present invention is an example with three hoppers, five barrel type machines) A, B, the C, if the intensity in the A bucket is A, intensity in the B bucket is B, intensity in the C bucket is C, producing intensity respectively after this machine stirs is A, AB, B, BC, five kinds of concrete of C, and further refinement as required; Concrete with new life injects in the template successively, can form the member section of material gradual change.

The so-called raw material of the present invention is meant through common mixer and mixes the concrete that makes; So-called new growing concrete is meant the concrete that produces after mixer reprocessing of the present invention.

Frame:

Frame is a rigid plane carriage, and dynamical system, hopper, barrel, hinge (axle) cutter, flexible pipe, installation is connected with pedestal or other equipment under it accessory or other facilities are installed on it.

Dynamical system:

Dynamical system is the general designation of facilities such as the power, transmission, speed change of this machine, is arranged on the rear end of frame, is made up of members such as motor, change-speed gearing, travelling gears, and it is the energy of mixer, is to pass to the parts of each reamer axle after the motor power speed change respectively.

Flexible pipe:

Flexible pipe is the concrete flexible duct of output, and caliber and barrel are complementary, and are located at the front end of frame.

Hopper:

Hopper is the case type container of the splendid attire raw material made with rigid material, be installed in central rack, be positioned at before the dynamical system, after the barrel, front side wall is opened big circular port and is connected with barrel, rear wall is opened small circular holes and is passed for stirring cutter shaft, establish the semi-circular recesses that matches with reamer in the bottom, promote the efficient of ' raw material ' and be convenient to concentrate concrete, clean hopper to improve reamer.

Barrel: barrel is the cylinder made from rigid material, is installed in central rack, is positioned at before the hopper, after the flexible pipe, the outstanding reamer of inserting in its tube, it is the container that raw material is carried out fusion and stirs, also is the newborn concrete passage of output, and barrel divides feeding cylinder, mixing drum, discharge barrel.

Feeding cylinder is the cylinder that level is installed in frame rear end, and the rear end connects the cylinder of hopper, and front end connects tank diameter, and it imports mixing drum with raw material.

Mixing drum, be arranged on semicircle (or small semicircle) cylindrical shell of feeding cylinder front end, tube is outer to face down, face up in the tube, several semicircular cylinder faces (tube inner face) link to each other and form song (recessed) panel that a plurality of inner faces are formed, after the surrounding of this curved slab adds vertical wallboard (front and back two walls have circular hole), formation can make concrete by after the tank diameter that flows forward; The position of handing-over mutually of two adjacent inner core faces, form the line of demarcation of convex (acute angle), the concrete subdivision (each mixing drum is equivalent to a lattice cabin of ship) that can will come in, also be beneficial to the cleaning of machinery, increased reamer simultaneously to concrete thrust and validity, can also avoid concrete in bottom land viscous; Offer the circular hole that matches with discharge barrel on the front panel of tank diameter wallboard, squab panel is the dull and stereotyped curved slab of forming of polylith, has the circular hole that matches with feeding cylinder or reamer axle on the squab panel.The squab panel of the mixing drum between two feeding cylinders is made of two flat boards, and making has the setting of certain angle bent plate forward, is beneficial to raw material and flows forward and avoid viscous; Under the situation of reamer (propelling reamer) near the back wall, the squab panel between two feeding cylinders also can be made straight riser (Fig. 3).

Adjacent two mixing drum function differences in the tank diameter; The mixing drum of UNICOM's feeding cylinder, raw material wherein can flow to the next door after stirring, it utilizes barrel that the raw material that flows out is separated, and this tube is called discrete mixing drum; Mixing drum between the two discrete mixing drums, the raw material that both sides can be flow to gathers together, and this tube is called gathers mixing drum.

Discharge barrel is arranged on the cylinder of mixing drum front end, exports new growing concrete to flexible pipe.

Hinge (axle) cutter:

Hinge (axle) cutter is the general designation to reamer and cutter shaft, reamer is fixedly mounted on the cutter shaft, cutter shaft can be passed to reamer with the rotation that dynamical system transmits, reamer acts on concrete, or concrete is flowed forward, or make the concrete disalignment, or it presses to the axle center with concrete, function is respectively arranged, (Fig. 4,5).

Cutter shaft is the cylindrical rod member of a rigidity, and in order to support, installation reamer, the rear end end is connected with dynamical system, and power is passed to reamer, passes hopper and inserts each barrel of (encorbelmenting) charging.

Reamer is mounted in the rigidity cutter hub on the cutter shaft, divides propelling reamer, centrifugal reamer, gathers three kinds on reamer, is installed in the mixing drum.

Advancing reamer, is helical blade, in order to concrete is pushed ahead, be installed in respectively in hopper () feeding cylinder, mixing drum, the discharge barrel, and because of each regional space difference, its diameter also different (as Fig. 2,3,4); Its blade can be installed continuously, also can intermittently install.

Be located at the propelling reamer in the feeding cylinder, be arranged in the feeding cylinder, its rear end is exposed in the groove of hopper, advances reamer that raw material is introduced feeding cylinder from hopper and advances mixing drum again.

Be located at the propelling reamer in the mixing drum, be positioned at middle part (Fig. 2) or rear portion (Fig. 3) of mixing drum, promotion raw material or new growing concrete flow forward and (the free-flowing material surface are reduced to reduce its piling height, be called for short low charge level), and at reamer rear portion formation negative pressure (or low pressure) suction, the raw material that is beneficial in the mixing drum flows forward.

Be located at the propelling reamer in the discharge barrel, new growing concrete released and led in the flexible pipe.

Discrete reamer is the strip cutter hub that is in the mixing drum rear end, and cross section is triangular in shape, is installed on the cutter shaft in the discrete mixing drum; Centrifugal reamer pushes away the place tank diameter with part of raw materials and flows to adjacent tank diameter, and remainder continues to flow forward; Centrifugal reamer is released the ability of place mixing drum with raw material, is called discrete ability; The front (face of pushing raw material) of discrete cutter hub is to be the plate face that the involute shape bending is come that is at center with the cutter shaft, the tangential direction of any point on the curved surface (direction that raw material outwards skids off) is the angle of the tangential direction (rotation direction oppositely) of the circumference in the center of circle with the cutter shaft with this, (this constructs requirement less than the angle of friction between concrete and the reamer, claim ' angle of friction requirement '), prevent concrete viscous; The reamer back side and side are triangular shape, its (cross section) is made of the curve of two evaginations, (Fig. 4), the tangential direction of any point (direction that concrete flows through along this point) is the angle of the tangential direction (rotation direction oppositely) of the circumference in the center of circle with the cutter shaft with this on the outline line overleaf, less than the angle of friction between concrete and the reamer, side and front are acute angle; Cutter tooth be connected with cutter shaft (or cutter tooth sleeve) angle, meet the requirement of angle of friction.

Gather reamer, be provided in a side of the combined cutter in the mixing drum, be installed on the cutter shaft of gathering in the mixing drum, be made up of cutter head and handle of a knife, cutter head is connected on the handle of a knife, and handle of a knife is installed on the cutter shaft, and cutter head and handle of a knife form an angle; It and centrifugal reamer are oppositely arranged, and leave certain tectonic gap (prevent the necessary gap of aggregate swaging clamp, call structure in the following text and require); The inner face of cutter head is positive, is the platen surface (or curved slab face) that a relative cutter shaft becomes certain inclination angle, and the inclined plane that utilizes this dihedral to become promotes concrete forward, and the outside is the back side of cutter, and the knife back and side are triangular shape; The back side, side way are carried on the back with centrifugal reamer; Handle of a knife is that cross section is that similar rhombus or front/rear end are the rod member of rhombus wedge angle (each limit also can be a curve), and the angle between each limit meets the requirement of angle of friction.

Centrifugal reamer and gather reamer all have long, in, short various models, factors such as the mix proportions of each raw material that should be as requested during installation, reamer rotating speed, knife face width are comprehensively determined its specification, quantity.

Centrifugal reamer pushes away out the discrete tube in place with part of raw materials, gathers reamer and draws into raw material in place and gather tube; Gather between hinge (axle) cutter is in two centrifugal hinge (axle) cuttves, draw in and raw material is stirred in fusion, form the new growing concrete between the raw material of both sides; Form differential in new growing concrete and the both sides mixing drum between the remaining raw material; Adjust centrifugal reamer and the supply flow rate of gathering length, rotating speed, quantity and the raw material of reamer, the concrete that flows out mixing drum is formed with the new growing concrete of various differential variations or the gradual change concrete of performance gradual change.

According to discrete reamer with gather the service behaviour of reamer, also this two cutter hub intermittently can be installed and be installed on the same cutter shaft, stir the fusion raw material, equally can the new growing concrete of output.

New growing concrete through after stirring again can directly inject template and use, and also can further stir (stirring again) fusion to strengthen its flowability and uniformity; Stir used reamer again, can adopt the rear end to stir the collocation method of cutter, also can use wherein a kind of cutter tooth that stirs separately.

The propulsion capability of propelling reamer should be different to some extent in discharge barrel, mixing drum, the feeding cylinder, the propulsion capability of reamer should be a bit larger tham in the stirring propulsion capability that the propulsion capability of reamer in the propulsion capability, mixing drum of tube reamer should be a bit larger tham reamer in the feeding cylinder in the discharge barrel, so that formation portion negative pressure or low charge level behind reamer, be beneficial to concrete and flow forward, avoid piling up.

The tank diameter cover plate is a rigid plate, is located at stirring (tube) groove top, in order to the sealing tank diameter, makes it form confined space, mixes into air when avoiding ready-mixed concrete; Simultaneously, because of the discharge ability of discharge barrel greater than the feeding cylinder supply capacity, can be in stirring (tube) groove after the sealing formation low pressure or negative pressure, make to be wrapped in the air effusion in ' raw material ', reduce newborn concrete air content.

In addition, feeding cylinder also can be installed perpendicular to mixing drum, and its flow is by the reamer control of inside.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1: the floor plan of mixer, expression flexible pipe, discharge barrel, mixing drum, feeding cylinder, hopper, dynamical system are linked in sequence, and are installed on the frame.

1 expression frame; 2,4,6,8,9 expression reamer axles; 3,5,, 10 expression hoppers; 7 expression dynamical systems; 11, the defeated material of 12,13,14,15 expressions flexible pipe; 16,17,18,19,20 express barrel; 21 expression mixing drum (groove) cover plates; 22,23,24,25,26 expression feeding cylinders.

Fig. 2: the planar structure schematic diagram of mixer is the installation signal of various reamers, shows that tank diameter antetheca, two side are straight plate, and the curved slab that rear wall is made up of the straight plate of polylith, gathering the residing rear wall of reamer is to be made of two blocks of inside oblique plates; Pattern shown in the dotted line shows that this member is blocked by top facility.

27 expressions are installed in the propelling reamer in the discharge barrel; 28 expressions are installed in the propelling reamer in the mixing drum; 29 expressions are installed in the propelling reamer in the feeding cylinder; Reamer is gathered in 30 expressions; The discrete reamer of 31 expressions; Connection seam between two mixing drums of 32 expressions; The wallboard of 33 expression tank diameters.

Fig. 3: another planar structure schematic diagram of mixer, it is a straight plate that retreats that the reamer rear wall is gathered in expression.

Fig. 4: the side view of centrifugal reamer tooth, left figure are the cross-sectional views of centrifugal reamer tooth.

The axis hole of the centrifugal reamer tooth of 34 expressions; The axle sleeve of the centrifugal reamer tooth of 35 expressions; α represents the angle of the tangent line of front any point of reamer tooth and this tangential direction that with the cutter shaft is the circumference in the center of circle (rotation direction oppositely); The tangential direction (direction that concrete flows through along this point) that β is illustrated in any point on the outline line of the back side is the angle of the tangential direction (rotation direction oppositely) of the circumference in the center of circle with the cutter shaft with this, and θ represents the angle of any point on the junction of reamer tooth and cutter shaft (or tooth cover) and this tangential direction that with the cutter shaft is the circumference in the center of circle (rotation direction reverse); The direction that V1, V2, V3, expression concrete skid off, V4 represents the direction that any point on the centrifugal reamer tooth rotates; ω represents the forward that reamer rotates; It is reverse that-ω represents that reamer rotates; V5 represents the flow direction of raw material under reamer promotes; The flow direction that Ψ represents raw material (under the promotion of charging reamer) with the angle of reamer face tangent line; The setting at α, β, θ, γ, each angle of Ψ will be taken all factors into consideration, and meets the requirement of angle of friction, avoids concrete viscous.

Fig. 5: gather the side view figure of reamer, left figure is a cross-sectional view of gathering the reamer head.

The handle of a knife of reamer is gathered in 36 expressions.

Fig. 6: the A-A section, promptly the profile at hopper place represents that

cutter shaft

2,6,9 passes hopper,

cutter shaft

4,8 passes feed hopper bottom.

37 expressions connect the dividing plate between the hopper.

Fig. 7: the B-B profile, promptly the profile of feeding cylinder scope represents that

cutter shaft

2,6,9 is through in the feeding cylinder, 4,8 are in the neutral gear between the feeding cylinder.

Fig. 8: the C-C profile, promptly the profile at mixing drum reamer position represents that mixing drum is semicircle (or small semicircle) tube, be connected between the mixing drum, the mixing drum on both sides is connected with the tank diameter sidewall, and the two ends of mixing drum are connected with the tank diameter sidewall, forms box-like tank diameter.

38 expressions are near the tank diameter sidewall of cutter shaft 9; 39 expression tank diameter front side walls; Mixing drum under the 40 expression cutter shafts 9; Mixing drum under the 41 expression cutter shafts 8; Mixing drum under the 42 expression cutter shafts 6; Mixing drum under the 43 expression cutter shafts 4; Mixing drum under the 44 expression cutter shafts 2; The cover plate of 45 expression tank diameters; 46 expressions are by the tank diameter sidewall of cutter shaft 2.

The specific embodiment:

The example that is configured to shown in Figure 2 illustrates specific implementation method.

One, is prerequisite with factors such as the concrete material requirement of required new life, newborn concrete unit demands, takes all factors into consideration, design feeding cylinder bore, hopper capacity, blade axis rotary speed, propelling reamer blade specification and spacing;

Two,, determine discrete reamer specification according to the flow and the flow velocity of raw material in the feeding cylinder;

Three, according to the newborn concrete material requirement of need, determine the quantity of discrete reamer and the specification of mixing drum;

Four,, determine to gather the specification of specification, quantity and this mixing drum of reamer according to the discrete ability of discrete reamer;

Five, according to the discrete ability of discrete reamer, determine propelling reamer specification and quantity in the mixing drum;

Six,, make members such as frame, and be mounted to machine (semi-finished product) with structure shown in Figure 2 according to above-mentioned data;

The trial production that starts the machine, whether the new growing concrete of checking, analyze gained meets the material requirement;

Seven,, determine that secondary stirs the specification and the quantity of used reamer according to analysis result;

Eight,, determine specification discharge barrel, reamer specification and the quantity of barrel, the supply capacity that makes the discharge ability of discharge barrel be a bit larger tham feeding cylinder according to factors such as the quantity delivered of feeding cylinder, discrete abilities;

Nine, connect defeated material flexible pipe, add a cover the mixing drum cover plate, mechanical-moulded.

Claims

1, a kind of concrete mixer, form by frame, dynamical system, barrel, cutter shaft, reamer, defeated material flexible pipe, it is characterized in that: defeated material flexible pipe, barrel, hopper are mounted on frame front successively, be mounted on the frame rear portion before and after cutter shaft, the dynamical system, outstanding being inserted in the barrel of reamer shaft rear end connection dynamical system front end, reamer is installed on the cutter shaft; Control the quantity delivered of each raw material and guide the flow direction of mixture with barrel; Dynamical system is passed to cutter shaft with power, and cutter shaft is passed to reamer with power; Reamer rotate the raw material in the hopper is advanced barrel and stir, fusion, the concrete of output performance gradual change.

2, barrel as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: barrel is connected and is installed on the frame by discharge barrel, mixing drum, feeding cylinder front and back successively, feeding cylinder is led into mixing drum with raw material by hopper, mixing drum is with raw material and new growing concrete subdivision and guide it and move ahead, and discharge barrel is led into flexible pipe with new growing concrete; The aperture of each function tube is not quite similar, and the aperture of congenerous tube also is not quite similar; Mixing drum is a semicircular cylinder, and the barrel that utilizes its epirelief is with raw material or new growing concrete subdivision; Some mixing drums are connected, and on its four limit wallboard are set, and form box-like tank diameter; Add the seal cover plate on the tank diameter, form confined space.

3, reamer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: reamer is divided into propelling reamer, discrete reamer, gathers reamer; Advance reamer to be installed on the cutter shaft, lay respectively in discharge barrel, mixing drum, the feeding cylinder, push ahead raw material or new growing concrete; When the propelling reamer in discharge barrel, the mixing drum moves ahead at the promotion concrete, form low-pressure area or low charge level, be beneficial to concrete and flow forward at its rear portion; Discrete reamer is installed in the mixing drum (discrete tube) that links to each other with feeding cylinder, and the part material concrete is pushed away discrete tube; Gather reamer and be installed in the mixing drums (gathering tube) between the two discrete tubes, utilize the cutter head rotation to gather and stir fusion from the raw material of discrete tube or new growing concrete; The cross section of diffusing reamer cutter tooth is triangular in shape, the front is to be the plate face that the involute shape bending is come that is at center with the cutter shaft, the tangential direction of any point on the curved surface (direction that ' raw material ' outwards skids off) is the angle of the tangential direction (rotation direction oppositely) of the circumference in the center of circle with the cutter shaft with this, less than the angle of friction between concrete and the reamer; Gathering reamer is combined cutter, form by cutter head and handle of a knife, cutter head is connected on the handle of a knife, handle of a knife is installed on the cutter shaft, and cutter head and handle of a knife form an angle, and the inner face of cutter head is positive, it is the platen surface (or curved slab face) that a relative cutter shaft becomes certain inclination angle, the inclined plane that utilizes this dihedral to become promotes concrete forward, and the outside is the back side of cutter, and the knife back and side are triangular shape.

4, reamer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: secondary stirs the reamer of usefulness in agitator, can adopt collocation method as claimed in claim 3, also can adopt any single cutter type separately, can also will disperse reamer and gather reamer transposition and use.

5, reamer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: discrete reamer and gather reamer and can intermittently be installed on the same cutter shaft, stir the fusion raw material, the new growing concrete of output.

6, feeding cylinder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: feeding cylinder can be vertically mounted on the rear end of mixing drum, and its flow is by built-in propelling reamer control.