CN101567562B

CN101567562B - Comprehensive negative sequence and harmonic compensating system of electrified high-speed railway

Info

Publication number: CN101567562B
Application number: CN2009100435534A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗安; 吴传平; 徐先勇; 马伏军; 方璐; 王文; 代亚培; 杨晓
Original assignee: Hunan University; China Railway Electrification Engineering Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hunan University; China Railway Electrification Engineering Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2009-05-31
Filing date: 2009-05-31
Publication date: 2011-11-09
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-31
Also published as: CN101567562A

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrified high-speed railway negative sequence and harmonic comprehensive compensation system. It is composed of a back-to-back railway power conditioner, two sets of thyristor-controlled high-pass filters with different parameters and thyristor-controlled reactors. The two power supply arms on the secondary side of the line traction transformer are connected, two sets of thyristor-controlled high-pass filters are installed under the single-phase three-winding step-down transformer connected to the power supply arm with the voltage phase leading, and two sets of thyristor-controlled reactors are installed under the voltage phase The other power supply arm of the lag is connected under the single-phase three-winding step-down transformer. Compared with other compensation structures, it has the advantages of improving the negative sequence and harmonic compensation effects and reducing the capacity of active devices, so it has a good industrial application prospect.

Description

Negative sequence and harmonic comprehensive compensation system for electrified high-speed railway

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及一种负序与谐波综合补偿系统，特别涉及一种电气化高速铁路负序与谐波综合补偿系统。The invention relates to a negative sequence and harmonic comprehensive compensation system, in particular to an electrified high-speed railway negative sequence and harmonic comprehensive compensation system.

背景技术 Background technique

电气化高速铁路的建设，将为国民经济发展提供安全可靠、高速度、大容量运力保障，是进一步缓解铁路运力紧张、提高运输服务品牌和运输服务质量的重要举措。然而，高速铁路供电系统由于用单相供电方式和独特的电力机车负荷而使负序、谐波、电压波动和闪变等电能质量问题突显，严重影响高速铁路沿线供电系统的电能质量，给周边企业生产和用户生活带来恶劣影响。因此，迫切需要对高速铁路供电系统存在的负序、谐波、电压波动和闪变等电能质量问题进行集中治理。The construction of electrified high-speed railways will provide safe, reliable, high-speed, and large-capacity transportation guarantees for the development of the national economy, and is an important measure to further alleviate the shortage of railway transportation capacity and improve the brand and quality of transportation services. However, due to the single-phase power supply mode and the unique load of electric locomotives in the high-speed railway power supply system, power quality problems such as negative sequence, harmonics, voltage fluctuations and flicker are prominent, which seriously affect the power quality of the power supply system along the high-speed railway. It will have a bad impact on enterprise production and user life. Therefore, there is an urgent need for centralized control of power quality problems such as negative sequence, harmonics, voltage fluctuations and flicker in high-speed railway power supply systems.

目前国内外对电气化高速铁路供电系统产生的负序、谐波、电压波动和闪变等电能质量问题提出了多种补偿方案。铁路功率调节器是其中一种比较典型的补偿方案。RPC是一种背靠背式的能实现功率双向流动的调节器，能够对负序、谐波及无功进行综合补偿，但由于RPC是有源装置，单独依靠RPC调节两供电臂有功功率，实现负序补偿，同时进行谐波治理，给大容量的RPC工程实现带来了一定困难，并且抬高了成本。此外，对于采用三相V/V接线牵引变压器作为牵引变压器的电气化高速铁路供电系统，采用RPC调节有功功率使两供电臂有功功率相等时，三相系统仍然有负序电流存在，不能完全补偿负序。另外，有采取静止无功发生器DSTATCOM安装于三相高压侧来补偿负序和谐波的补偿方案。由于三相侧电压等级高达110kV或220kV，DSTATCOM需设计为串联多重化结构，结构较为复杂，对电力电子器件的电压和电流等级要求较高，导致成本昂贵和技术实现难度较大。At present, various compensation schemes have been proposed at home and abroad for power quality problems such as negative sequence, harmonics, voltage fluctuations and flicker generated by electrified high-speed railway power supply systems. Railway power conditioner is one of the more typical compensation schemes. RPC is a back-to-back regulator capable of bidirectional flow of power, which can comprehensively compensate for negative sequence, harmonics and reactive power. Sequence compensation and harmonic control at the same time bring certain difficulties to the realization of large-capacity RPC projects and increase costs. In addition, for the electrified high-speed railway power supply system using three-phase V/V wiring traction transformer as the traction transformer, when RPC is used to adjust the active power to make the active power of the two power supply arms equal, the three-phase system still has negative sequence current, which cannot fully compensate the negative sequence current. sequence. In addition, there is a compensation scheme that installs the static var generator DSTATCOM on the three-phase high-voltage side to compensate for negative sequence and harmonics. Since the voltage level of the three-phase side is as high as 110kV or 220kV, DSTATCOM needs to be designed as a series multiple structure, which is relatively complex and requires high voltage and current levels of power electronic devices, resulting in high cost and difficult technical implementation.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

为了解决现有基于铁路功率调节器的负序与谐波综合补偿系统存在的上述问题，本发明提供一种电气化高速铁路负序与谐波综合补偿系统。本发明能够改善负序和谐波补偿效果，并且能够根据负序补偿指标适当降低装置有源容量，达到改善补偿效果和降低成本的目的。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the existing negative-sequence and harmonic comprehensive compensation system based on railway power regulators, the present invention provides a negative-sequence and harmonic comprehensive compensation system for electrified high-speed railways. The invention can improve the negative sequence and harmonic compensation effect, and can properly reduce the active capacity of the device according to the negative sequence compensation index, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the compensation effect and reducing the cost.

本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案是：包括铁路功率调节器，所述铁路功率调节器通过单相三绕组降压变压器安装在三相V/V接线牵引变压器二次侧的两供电臂之间，其特征在于：还包括两组不同参数的晶闸管控制电抗器(L₃，L₄)和晶闸管控制高通滤波器，两组不同参数的高通滤波器分别由电抗器(L₁)和电容器(C₁)及电抗器(L₂)和电容器(C₂)串联组成，晶闸管控制高通滤波器安装在与电压相位超前的供电臂连接的单相三绕组降压变压器下，晶闸管控制电抗器安装在与电压相位滞后的另一供电臂连接的单相三绕组降压变压器下，单相三绕组降压变压器原边为一个绕组，副边有两个绕组；铁路功率调节器、晶闸管控制高通滤波器及晶闸管控制电抗器分别接在单相三绕组降压变压器副边的两绕组上。The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: comprising a railway power regulator, the railway power regulator is installed between the two power supply arms on the secondary side of the three-phase V/V wiring traction transformer through a single-phase three-winding step-down transformer , is characterized in that: it also includes two sets of thyristor-controlled reactors (L ₃ , L ₄ ) and thyristor-controlled high-pass filters with different parameters, and the two sets of high-pass filters with different parameters are composed of reactors (L ₁ ) and capacitors (C ₁ ) and reactor (L ₂ ) and capacitor (C ₂ ) in series, the thyristor-controlled high-pass filter is installed under the single-phase three-winding step-down transformer connected to the power supply arm with the voltage phase leading, and the thyristor-controlled reactor is installed with Under the single-phase three-winding step-down transformer connected to the other power supply arm with voltage phase lag, the single-phase three-winding step-down transformer has one winding on the primary side and two windings on the secondary side; the railway power regulator, thyristor-controlled high-pass filter and The thyristor-controlled reactors are respectively connected to the two windings on the secondary side of the single-phase three-winding step-down transformer.

一种电气化高速铁路负序与谐波综合补偿系统，包括铁路功率调节器，所述铁路功率调节器通过单相降压变压器安装在三相V/V接线牵引变压器二次侧的两供电臂之间，包括两组不同参数的晶闸管控制电抗器(L₃，L₄)和晶闸管控制高通滤波器，晶闸管控制的高通滤波器部分分别由电抗器(L₁)和电容器(C₁)及电抗器(L₂)和电容器(C₂)串联组成，晶闸管控制高通滤波器安装在与电压相位超前的供电臂连接的单相降压变压器下，晶闸管控制电抗器安装在与电压相位滞后的另一供电臂连接的单相降压变压器下，单相降压变压器原边和副边各一个绕组，铁路功率调节器和晶闸管控制高通滤波器或晶闸管控制电抗器并联接入单相降压变压器的副边。An electrified high-speed railway negative sequence and harmonic comprehensive compensation system, including a railway power regulator, the railway power regulator is installed between two power supply arms on the secondary side of a three-phase V/V connection traction transformer through a single-phase step-down transformer Between two sets of thyristor-controlled reactors (L ₃ , L ₄ ) and thyristor-controlled high-pass filters with different parameters, the thyristor-controlled high-pass filter consists of reactor (L ₁ ), capacitor (C ₁ ) and reactor (L ₂ ) and capacitor (C ₂ ) in series, the thyristor-controlled high-pass filter is installed under the single-phase step-down transformer connected to the power supply arm whose voltage phase is ahead, and the thyristor-controlled reactor is installed on the other power supply arm which is lagging in voltage phase Under the single-phase step-down transformer connected by the arm, there is one winding on the primary side and one secondary side of the single-phase step-down transformer, and the railway power regulator and thyristor-controlled high-pass filter or thyristor-controlled reactor are connected in parallel to the secondary side of the single-phase step-down transformer .

本发明的技术效果在于：Technical effect of the present invention is:

1)RPC能够补偿一定的负序但不能完全补偿负序，两组晶闸管控制高通滤波器和晶闸管控制电抗器能够在RPC补偿负序的基础上，能进一步改善负序补偿效果和实现负序完全补偿，此外RPC能够抑制电力机车负载产生的谐波；1) RPC can compensate a certain amount of negative sequence but cannot completely compensate negative sequence. Two sets of thyristor-controlled high-pass filters and thyristor-controlled reactors can further improve the negative-sequence compensation effect and realize negative-sequence completeness on the basis of RPC compensation for negative sequence. Compensation, in addition, RPC can suppress the harmonics generated by the electric locomotive load;

2)晶闸管控制高通滤波器和晶闸管控制电抗器具有负序补偿功能，在同样的电能质量指标下，可适当降低有源装置RPC容量，降低补偿系统的成本。2) The thyristor-controlled high-pass filter and the thyristor-controlled reactor have the function of negative sequence compensation. Under the same power quality index, the RPC capacity of the active device can be appropriately reduced, and the cost of the compensation system can be reduced.

3)晶闸管控制高通滤波器可滤除部分高次谐波，提高了谐波抑制效果。3) The thyristor-controlled high-pass filter can filter out some high-order harmonics, which improves the harmonic suppression effect.

下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1为本发明实施例1的结构图。Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

图2为本发明实施例2的结构图。Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

图3为负序补偿电流向量图。图3(a)为补偿前三相电流向量图；图3(b)RPC补偿后三相电流向量图；图3(c)为RPC、高通滤波器和电抗器均投入后三相电流向量图。Figure 3 is the negative sequence compensation current vector diagram. Figure 3(a) is the three-phase current vector diagram before compensation; Figure 3(b) the three-phase current vector diagram after RPC compensation; Figure 3(c) is the three-phase current vector diagram after RPC, high-pass filter and reactor are all put into use .

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

参见图1，图1为本发明实施例1的结构图。本发明4由一个背靠背式的铁路功率调节器2(RPC)、两组不同参数的晶闸管控制高通滤波器3(TCHF)和晶闸管控制电抗器1(TCR)联合组成。RPC通过两个单相三绕组降压变压器安装在三相V/V接线牵引变压器二次侧的两供电臂之间，晶闸管控制高通滤波器安装在与电压相位超前的供电臂连接的两个单相三绕组降压变压器下，晶闸管控制电抗器(L₃，L₄)安装在与电压相位滞后的另一供电臂连接的两个单相三绕组降压变压器下。RPC中包含通过共用直流电容连接的两个变流器，两变流器通过输出电抗和单相三绕组降压变压器连接到三相V/V接线牵引变压器的两供电臂。两组不同参数的晶闸管控制高通滤波器分别由电抗器(L₁)和电容器(C₁)及电抗器(L₂)和电容器(C₂)串联组成。晶闸管控制高通滤波器和晶闸管控制电抗器中的晶闸管只起投切作用，相当于一个投切开关，采用晶闸管进行投切是为了保证投切迅速。Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The present invention 4 is composed of a back-to-back railway power conditioner 2 (RPC), two groups of thyristor-controlled high-pass filters 3 (TCHF) with different parameters and thyristor-controlled reactors 1 (TCR). The RPC is installed between the two power supply arms on the secondary side of the three-phase V/V wiring traction transformer through two single-phase three-winding step-down transformers, and the thyristor-controlled high-pass filter is installed on the two single Under the three-phase three-winding step-down transformer, thyristor-controlled reactors (L ₃ , L ₄ ) are installed under two single-phase three-winding step-down transformers connected to the other power supply arm whose voltage phase lags. The RPC consists of two converters connected through a shared DC capacitor, and the two converters are connected to the two power supply arms of the three-phase V/V wiring traction transformer through an output reactance and a single-phase three-winding step-down transformer. Two sets of thyristor-controlled high-pass filters with different parameters are respectively composed of a reactor (L ₁ ) and a capacitor (C ₁ ) and a reactor (L ₂ ) and a capacitor (C ₂ ) in series. Thyristors in thyristor-controlled high-pass filters and thyristor-controlled reactors only function as switching, which is equivalent to a switching switch. Thyristors are used for switching to ensure rapid switching.

参见图2，图2为本发明实施例2的结构图。实施例2中仅用单相降压变压器取代实施例1中单相三绕组降压变压器。Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In Embodiment 2, only a single-phase step-down transformer is used to replace the single-phase three-winding step-down transformer in Embodiment 1.

两供电臂分别给高速铁路上行线和下行线的电力机车供电。当一供电臂有电力机车运行而另一臂没有电力机车运行时，只有一供电臂存在电流，另一臂没有电流。从三相侧电流I_A、I_B、I_C看，存在较大的负序电流。根据电力机车的运行情况，通过晶闸管控制投入相应参数的一组高通滤波器和电抗器。晶闸管控制高通滤波器和晶闸管控制电抗器分别安装在电流超前和滞后的供电臂下，由于高通滤波器不但滤除部分高次谐波，对于基波频率它是呈容性的，能使这一供电臂电流超前；晶闸管控制电抗器能使其所在供电臂的电流更滞后。这样就使两供电臂的相位从补偿前的60度增大了，在RPC补偿负序的基础上进一步改善了负序补偿效果。对于电力机车负载产生的谐波，RPC能够发出相应的谐波去抵消电力机车负载产生的谐波，从而消除网侧中的谐波。同时，晶闸管控制高通滤波器能够滤除其所在供电臂的部分高次谐波，进一步改善了谐波补偿效果。因此，该系统可以改善负序补偿和谐波抑制效果。在同样的负序补偿指标下，与单独的RPC相比电气化高速铁路负序与谐波综合补偿系统中有源装置RPC容量明显降低。The two power supply arms supply power to the electric locomotives on the uplink and downlink of the high-speed railway respectively. When one power supply arm has an electric locomotive running and the other arm does not have an electric locomotive, only one power supply arm has current, and the other arm has no current. Judging from the three-phase side currents I _A , I _B , and I _C , there is a large negative sequence current. According to the operating conditions of the electric locomotive, a set of high-pass filters and reactors with corresponding parameters are input through thyristor control. The thyristor-controlled high-pass filter and the thyristor-controlled reactor are respectively installed under the power supply arm of the current leading and lagging. Since the high-pass filter not only filters out some high-order harmonics, it is capacitive to the fundamental frequency, which can make this The current of the power supply arm is ahead; the thyristor-controlled reactor can make the current of the power supply arm where it is located lag behind. In this way, the phase of the two power supply arms increases from 60 degrees before compensation, and the negative sequence compensation effect is further improved on the basis of RPC compensation for negative sequence. For the harmonics generated by the electric locomotive load, RPC can emit corresponding harmonics to offset the harmonics generated by the electric locomotive load, thereby eliminating the harmonics in the grid side. At the same time, the thyristor-controlled high-pass filter can filter out some high-order harmonics of the power supply arm where it is located, further improving the harmonic compensation effect. Therefore, the system can improve negative sequence compensation and harmonic suppression. Under the same negative sequence compensation index, the RPC capacity of the active device in the negative sequence and harmonic comprehensive compensation system of the electrified high-speed railway is significantly lower than that of the single RPC.

下面结合图3进一步详细分析和说明其负序补偿原理和晶闸管控制高通滤波器及晶闸管控制电抗器的参数设计方法。以三相侧线电压

为基准。高速铁路电力机车为四象限PWM整流控制方式，具有高功率因数，低次谐波含量少的特点，功率因数接近于1。The principle of negative sequence compensation and the parameter design method of the thyristor-controlled high-pass filter and the thyristor-controlled reactor are further analyzed and explained in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 3 . With three-phase side-to-line voltage

as the benchmark. The high-speed railway electric locomotive adopts four-quadrant PWM rectification control mode, which has the characteristics of high power factor and low low-order harmonic content, and the power factor is close to 1.

补偿前，假设a相有电力机车负载，负载电流大小为I_L，b相没有电力机车。由于功率因数接近于1，a相电流相位与电压相位一致。由于负序电流主要为基波，因此分析负序电流时忽略谐波。故设

补偿前三相电流向量图如图3(a)所示。Before compensation, it is assumed that there is an electric locomotive load in phase a, the load current is I _L , and there is no electric locomotive in phase b. Since the power factor is close to 1, the current phase of phase a is consistent with the voltage phase. Since the negative sequence current is mainly the fundamental wave, the harmonics are ignored when analyzing the negative sequence current. pretend

The three-phase current vector diagram before compensation is shown in Fig. 3(a).

则三相电网侧电流I_A、I_B、I_C分别为：Then the three-phase grid side currents I _A , I _B , and I _C are respectively:

引入复数运算因子α，设

正序电流和负序电流的计算公式分别为：Introducing complex operation factor α, let

The calculation formulas of positive sequence current and negative sequence current are respectively:

${\overset{r r}{I I}}_{A A 11} = = \frac{11}{33} (({\overset{r r}{I I}}_{A A} + + α α {\overset{r r}{I I}}_{B B} + + {α α}^{22} {\overset{r r}{I I}}_{C C})) - - - - - - ((22))$

${\overset{r r}{I I}}_{A A 22} = = \frac{11}{33} (({\overset{r r}{I I}}_{A A} {+ + α α}^{22} {\overset{r r}{I I}}_{B B} + + α α {\overset{r r}{I I}}_{C C})) - - - - - - ((33))$

其中

表示正序电流，

表示负序电流。in

represents the positive sequence current,

Indicates the negative sequence current.

定义

为三相电流不平衡度，根据式(1)-(3)可以算出：definition

is the unbalance degree of the three-phase current, which can be calculated according to formula (1)-(3):

${K K}_{I I} = = \frac{| | {\overset{r r}{I I}}_{A A 22} | |}{| | {\overset{r r}{I I}}_{A A 11} | |} = = | | \frac{\frac{11}{33 K K} {I I}_{L L} ((α α - - 11))}{\frac{11}{33 K K} {I I}_{L L} (({α α}^{22} - - 11))} | | = = 11$

可见，补偿前系统存在较大的负序电流，且负序电流值和正序电流值相等。It can be seen that there is a large negative sequence current in the system before compensation, and the negative sequence current value is equal to the positive sequence current value.

当RPC工作时，RPC将b相有功电流转移到a相，两供电臂电流变化的幅值一致。设RPC工作后，a相和b相供电臂下电流大小分别为I_a和I_b。RPC是功率转移装置，在不考虑其开关损耗的情况下RPC不消耗功率。满足：When the RPC is working, the RPC transfers the b-phase active current to the a-phase, and the amplitude of the current change of the two power supply arms is the same. It is assumed that after the RPC works, the currents under the power supply arms of phase a and phase b are I _a and I _b respectively. The RPC is a power transfer device, and the RPC consumes no power without considering its switching losses. satisfy:

I_a+I_b＝I_L (4)I _a + I _b = I _L (4)

此时三相侧电流仍以

作为基准，则三相电流向量图如图3(b)所示。根据式(5)-(7)可以计算出，RPC补偿后的负序电流与正序电流的有效值分别为：At this time, the three-phase side current is still

As a benchmark, then The three-phase current vector diagram is shown in Fig. 3(b). According to equations (5)-(7), it can be calculated that the effective values of negative sequence current and positive sequence current after RPC compensation are:

$| | {\overset{r r' '}{I I}}_{A A 11} | | = = | | \frac{11}{33} (({\overset{r r' '}{I I}}_{A A} + + α α {\overset{r r' '}{I I}}_{B B} + + {α α}^{22} {\overset{r r' '}{I I}}_{C C})) | | = = | | \frac{11}{33 K K} ((- - {I I}_{a a} + + {α α}^{22} {I I}_{b b} + + {α α}^{22} (({I I}_{a a} - - α α {I I}_{b b})))) | |$

$= = \frac{11}{\sqrt{33} K K} (({I I}_{a a} + + {I I}_{b b})) - - - - - - ((55))$

$| | {\overset{r r' '}{I I}}_{A A 22} | | = = | | \frac{11}{33} (({\overset{r r' '}{I I}}_{A A} + + {α α}^{22} {\overset{r r' '}{I I}}_{B B} + + α α {\overset{r r' '}{I I}}_{C C})) | | = = | | \frac{11}{33 K K} ((- - {I I}_{a a} + + {α α}^{22} α α {I I}_{b b} + + α α (({I I}_{a a} - - α α {I I}_{b b})))) | |$

$= = \frac{11}{\sqrt{33} K K} \sqrt{{I I}_{a a}^{22} + + {I I}_{b b}^{22} - - {I I}_{a a} {I I}_{b b}} - - - - - - ((66))$

此时三相电流不平衡度为：At this time, the three-phase current unbalance degree is:

令b相供电臂有功电流与a相有功电流之比为n，则则式(8)可化为：Let the ratio of the active current of phase b power supply arm to the active current of phase a be n, then Then formula (8) can be transformed into:

${K K}_{I I}^{' '} = = \frac{\sqrt{11 + + {n no}^{22} - - n no}}{11 + + n no} - - - - - - ((88))$

从式(9)可以看出，当n＝1，即

时，三相电流不平衡度取得最小值50％，说明经过RPC补偿后，系统负序电流降低了，但系统仍存在原来一半大小的负序电流。此时，RPC有功功率为电力机车有功功率的一半。It can be seen from formula (9) that when n=1, that is

, the three-phase current unbalance achieves the minimum value of 50%, indicating that after RPC compensation, the negative sequence current of the system is reduced, but the negative sequence current of half the original size still exists in the system. At this time, the RPC active power is half of the active power of the electric locomotive.

当通过晶闸管控制投入高通滤波器和电抗器中的一组后，由于高通滤波器呈容性，设高通滤波器投入后使a相供电臂电流相位较投入前超前θ₁角度，电抗器投入后使b相电流相位较投入前滞后θ₂角度，两供电臂的电流大小分别为I_a和I_b，机车负载电流仍为I_L，根据有功电流的关系，有：When one of the high-pass filter and reactor is controlled by the thyristor, since the high-pass filter is capacitive, after the high-pass filter is switched on, the current phase of the a-phase power supply arm is ahead of that before the input by θ ₁ angle, and after the reactor is input Make the current phase of phase b lag behind by θ ₂ angle compared with before input, the currents of the two power supply arms are I _a and I _b respectively, and the load current of the locomotive is still I _L , according to the relationship of active current, there are:

I_acosθ₁+I_bcosθ₂＝I_L (9)I _a cosθ ₁ +I _b cosθ ₂ =I _L (9)

令b相供电臂与a相供电臂的有功功率之比：

代入(9)，可解得：Let the ratio of the active power of the phase b power supply arm to the a phase power supply arm:

Substituting into (9), we can get:

$\{\begin{matrix} {I I}_{a a} = = \frac{n no {I I}_{L L}}{((n no + + 11)) cos cos {θ θ}_{11}} \\ {I I}_{b b} = = \frac{{I I}_{L L}}{((n no + + 11)) cos cos {θ θ}_{22}} \end{matrix} - - - - - - ((1010))$

这时三相电流向量图如图3(c)所示。从图3(c)中可以看出，A、B相电流之间的夹角由原来的60°增大到60°+θ₁+θ₂，这样有利于消除负序。At this time, the three-phase current vector diagram is shown in Fig. 3(c). It can be seen from Figure 3(c) that the angle between the A and B phase currents increases from the original 60° to 60°+θ ₁ +θ ₂ , which is beneficial to eliminate the negative sequence.

由图3(c)可以得出：From Figure 3(c), it can be concluded that:

$\{\begin{matrix} {\overset{r r' '' '}{I I}}_{A A} = = - - \frac{{I I}_{a a}}{K K} {e e}^{j j {θ θ}_{11}} \\ {\overset{r r' '' '}{I I}}_{B B} = = - - \frac{{I I}_{b b}}{K K} {e e}^{j j {θ θ}_{22}} \\ {\overset{r r' '' '}{I I}}_{C C} = = \frac{{I I}_{a a}}{K K} {e e}^{j j {θ θ}_{11}} + + \frac{{I I}_{b b}}{K K} {e e}^{j j {θ θ}_{22}} \end{matrix} - - - - - - ((1111))$

此时计算三相电流不平衡度K_I″为：At this time, the three-phase current unbalance degree K _I ″ is calculated as:

从式(12)可以看出，当θ₁＝θ₂＝30°，b相与a相有功电流之比n＝1时，不平衡度K_I″为0，系统三相电流中不存在负序电流。可见，使用高通滤波器和电抗器可以在RPC补偿基础上进一步改善负序效果，使负序完全消除。It can be seen from formula (12) that when θ ₁ = θ ₂ = 30°, and the ratio of active current of phase b to phase a is n = 1, the unbalance degree K _I ″ is 0, and there is no negative current in the three-phase current of the system. It can be seen that the use of high-pass filter and reactor can further improve the effect of negative sequence on the basis of RPC compensation, so that the negative sequence can be completely eliminated.

如果以三相电流不平衡度K_I＝50％为补偿目标，当θ₁＝θ₂＝15°时，则b相的有功电流仅为0.2865I_L，表明RPC只转移了0.2865倍负载电流。而由单独的RPC补偿时，需要转移大小为0.5I_L的有功电流才能将不平衡度降为50％，这样RPC容量就降低了42.69％。因此，使用高通滤波器和电抗器，在同样的负序补偿指标下能降低有源装置RPC的容量。If the three-phase current unbalance K _I =50% is the compensation target, when θ ₁ =θ ₂ =15°, the active current of phase b is only 0.2865I _L , indicating that RPC only transfers 0.2865 times the load current. When compensated by a single RPC, it is necessary to transfer an active current of 0.5I _L to reduce the unbalance to 50%, so that the RPC capacity is reduced by 42.69%. Therefore, using a high-pass filter and a reactor, the capacity of the active device RPC can be reduced under the same negative sequence compensation index.

同时，RPC能对系统谐波进行抑制，高通滤波器对高频谐波有抑制作用，因此与单独的RPC相比，电气化高速铁路负序与谐波综合补偿系统可以改善a相供电臂的谐波补偿效果。At the same time, RPC can suppress system harmonics, and the high-pass filter can suppress high-frequency harmonics. Therefore, compared with a single RPC, the comprehensive compensation system for electrified high-speed railway negative sequence and harmonics can improve the harmonics of the a-phase power supply arm. wave compensation effect.

高通滤波器和电抗器的参数设计方法如下：The parameter design method of high-pass filter and reactor is as follows:

当a相供电臂有电力机车运行，b相供电臂没有电力机车运行时，a相通过晶闸管控制投入高通滤波器L₁和C₁，b相通过晶闸管控制投入电抗器L₃。设高通滤波器中的电流为

供电臂电压值为U_ac，单相三绕组降压变压器两个降压绕组或降压变压器的变比均为K_t，则：When there is an electric locomotive running on the power supply arm of phase a, and there is no electric locomotive running on the power supply arm of phase b, phase a is put into high-pass filters L ₁ and C ₁ through thyristor control, and phase b is put into reactor L ₃ through thyristor control. Let the current in the high-pass filter be

The voltage value of the power supply arm is U _ac , and the two step-down windings of the single-phase three-winding step-down transformer or the transformation ratio of the step-down transformer are both K _t , then:

$| | {\overset{r r}{I I}}_{11} | | = = \frac{{U u}_{ac ac} / / {K K}_{t t}}{11 / / 22 πf πf {C C}_{11} - - 22 πf πf {L L}_{11}} - - - - - - ((1313))$

其中f为基波频率。Where f is the fundamental frequency.

另设高通滤波器谐振在h(h＞1)次谐波频率处，有：In addition, if the high-pass filter resonates at the h (h>1) harmonic frequency, there are:

$22 πhf π hf {L L}_{11} = = \frac{11}{22 πhf πhf {C C}_{11}} - - - - - - ((1414))$

从图3(c)可知：It can be seen from Figure 3(c):

由式(10)、(13)-(15)可求得：From formula (10), (13)-(15) can be obtained:

$\{\begin{matrix} {L L}_{11} = = \frac{{U u}_{ac ac} ((n no + + 11))}{22 πf πf (({h h}^{22} - - 11)) n no {I I}_{L L} tg tg {θ θ}_{11} {K K}_{t t}^{22}} \\ {C C}_{11} = = \frac{(({h h}^{22} - - 11)) n no {I I}_{L L} tg tg {θ θ}_{11} {K K}_{}^{t t}}{22 πf πf {h h}^{22} {U u}_{ac ac} ((n no + + 11))} \end{matrix} - - - - - - ((1616))$

根据式(16)可以得出晶闸管控制高通滤波器中其中一组电感L₁和电容C₁的参数值。According to formula (16), the parameter values of one set of inductor L ₁ and capacitor C ₁ in the thyristor-controlled high-pass filter can be obtained.

设电抗器中L₃的电流为

则：Let the current of L ₃ in the reactor be

but:

$| | {\overset{r r}{I I}}_{22} | | = = \frac{{| | U u}_{bc bc} | |}{22 πf π f {L L}_{33}} = = \frac{{U u}_{ac ac} / / {K K}_{t t}}{22 πf πf {L L}_{33}} - - - - - - ((1717))$

从图3(c)可知：It can be seen from Figure 3(c):

由式(10)、(17)和(18)可得：From formulas (10), (17) and (18), we can get:

${L L}_{33} = = \frac{((n no + + 11)) {U u}_{ac ac}}{22 πf πf {I I}_{L L} tg tg {θ θ}_{22} {K K}_{t t}^{22}} - - - - - - ((1919))$

根据式(19)可以求出晶闸管控制电抗器中其中一组电感L₃的参数。According to formula (19), the parameters of one group of inductance L ₃ in the thyristor controlled reactor can be obtained.

当电力机车位于b相供电臂时，由于负载电流仍为I_L，RPC仍转移相同大小的有功电流，则a、b相电流中的有功电流之比为此时通过晶闸管控制投入高通滤波器L₂和C₂和电抗器L₄，同理，可以求出其参数：When the electric locomotive is in the power supply arm of phase b, since the load current is still I _L , the RPC still transfers the same active current, then the ratio of the active current in phase a and phase b is At this time, the high-pass filter L ₂ and C ₂ and the reactor L ₄ are input through the control of the thyristor. Similarly, its parameters can be obtained:

$\{\begin{matrix} {L L}_{22} = = \frac{{U u}_{ac ac} ((n no + + 11))}{22 πf πf (({h h}^{22} - - 11)) {I I}_{L L} tg tg {θ θ}_{11} {K K}_{t t}^{22}} \\ {C C}_{22} = = \frac{(({h h}^{22} - - 11)) {I I}_{L L} tg tg {θ θ}_{11} {K K}_{}^{t t}}{22 πf πf {h h}^{22} {U u}_{ac ac} ((n no + + 11))} \end{matrix} - - - - - - ((2020))$

${L L}_{44} = = \frac{((n no + + 11)) {U u}_{ac ac}}{22 πfn πfn {I I}_{L L} tg tg {θ θ}_{22} {K K}_{t t}^{22}} - - - - - - ((21 twenty one))$

通过式(20)和(21)可以求出晶闸管控制高通滤波器和晶闸管控制电抗器中另一组参数值。Another set of parameter values in the thyristor-controlled high-pass filter and the thyristor-controlled reactor can be obtained through formulas (20) and (21).

Claims

1. electrified high-speed railway negative phase-sequence and harmonic synthesis bucking-out system, comprise railway power regulator, described railway power regulator is installed between two supply arms of three-phase V/V Connection Traction Transformer secondary side by single-phase three winding step-down transformers, it is characterized in that: the thyristor-controlled reactor (L that also comprises two groups of different parameters ₃, L ₄) and thyristor control high pass filter, the high pass filter of two groups of different parameters is respectively by reactor (L ₁) and capacitor (C ₁) and reactor (L ₂) and capacitor (C ₂) be composed in series, thyristor control high pass filter is installed under the single-phase three winding step-down transformers that are connected with the leading supply arm of voltage-phase, thyristor-controlled reactor is installed under the single-phase three winding step-down transformers that are connected with another supply arm of voltage-phase hysteresis, the former limit of single-phase three winding step-down transformers is a winding, and secondary has two windings; Railway power regulator, thyristor control high pass filter and thyristor-controlled reactor are connected on respectively on two windings of single-phase three winding step-down transformer secondary.

2. electrified high-speed railway negative phase-sequence according to claim 1 and harmonic synthesis bucking-out system is characterized in that, the parameter of described two groups of thyristors control high pass filter and thyristor-controlled reactor is respectively:

\{\begin{matrix} L_{1} = \frac{U_{ac} (n + 1)}{2 πf (h^{2} - 1) n I_{L} tg θ_{1} K_{t}^{2}} \\ C_{1} = \frac{(h^{2} - 1) n I_{L} tg θ_{1} K_{t}^{2}}{2 πf h^{2} U_{ac} (n + 1)} \end{matrix}

\{\begin{matrix} L_{2} = \frac{U_{ac} (n + 1)}{2 πf (h^{2} - 1) I_{L} tg θ_{1} K_{t}^{2}} \\ C_{2} = \frac{(h^{2} - 1) I_{L} tg θ_{1} K_{t}^{2}}{2 πf h^{2} U_{ac} (n + 1)} \end{matrix}

L_{3} = \frac{(n + 1) U_{ac}}{2 πf I_{L} tg θ_{2} K_{t}^{2}}

L_{4} = \frac{(n + 1) U_{ac}}{2 πfn I_{L} tg θ_{2} K_{t}^{2}}

In the above-mentioned formula, L ₁And C ₁Be respectively inductance and capacitance parameter in first group of thyristor control high pass filter, L ₂And C ₂Be respectively inductance and capacitance parameter in second group of thyristor control high pass filter, L ₃And L ₄It is reactance parameter in two groups of thyristor-controlled reactors; F is a fundamental frequency, θ ₁For a phase supply arm current phase after the high pass filter input drops into preceding leading angle, θ ₂Be hysteresis angle before b phase current phase place is dropped into, I _aAnd I _bBe respectively the electric current of a phase, b phase, I _LBe the locomotive load current, n is b and the ratio of a active power mutually, and h is the harmonic frequency number of times, U _AcBe supply arm voltage, K _tNo-load voltage ratio for step-down transformer.

3. electrified high-speed railway negative phase-sequence and harmonic synthesis bucking-out system, comprise railway power regulator, described railway power regulator is installed between two supply arms of three-phase V/V Connection Traction Transformer secondary side by single phase step-down transformer, it is characterized in that: the thyristor-controlled reactor (L that also comprises two groups of different parameters ₃, L ₄) and thyristor control high pass filter, the high pass filter section of thyristor control is respectively by reactor (L ₁) and capacitor (C ₁) and reactor (L ₂) and capacitor (C ₂) be composed in series, thyristor control high pass filter is installed under the single phase step-down transformer that is connected with the leading supply arm of voltage-phase, thyristor-controlled reactor is installed under the single phase step-down transformer that is connected with another supply arm of voltage-phase hysteresis, each winding of former limit of single phase step-down transformer and secondary, railway power regulator and thyristor control high pass filter or the thyristor-controlled reactor secondary that inserts single phase step-down transformer in parallel.

4. electrified high-speed railway negative phase-sequence according to claim 3 and harmonic synthesis bucking-out system is characterized in that, the parameter of described two groups of thyristors control high pass filter and thyristor-controlled reactor is respectively:

\{\begin{matrix} L_{1} = \frac{U_{ac} (n + 1)}{2 πf (h^{2} - 1) n I_{L} tg θ_{1} K_{t}^{2}} \\ C_{1} = \frac{(h^{2} - 1) n I_{L} tg θ_{1} K_{t}^{2}}{2 πf h^{2} U_{ac} (n + 1)} \end{matrix}

\{\begin{matrix} L_{2} = \frac{U_{ac} (n + 1)}{2 πf (h^{2} - 1) I_{L} tg θ_{1} K_{t}^{2}} \\ C_{2} = \frac{(h^{2} - 1) I_{L} tg θ_{1} K_{t}^{2}}{2 πf h^{2} U_{ac} (n + 1)} \end{matrix}

L_{3} = \frac{(n + 1) U_{ac}}{2 πf I_{L} tg θ_{2} K_{t}^{2}}

L_{4} = \frac{(n + 1) U_{ac}}{2 πfn I_{L} tg θ_{2} K_{t}^{2}}

In the above-mentioned formula, L ₁And C ₁Be respectively inductance and capacitance parameter in first group of thyristor control filters, L ₂And C ₂Be respectively inductance and capacitance parameter in second group of thyristor control filters, L ₃And L ₄It is reactance parameter in two groups of thyristor-controlled reactors; F is a fundamental frequency, θ ₁For a phase supply arm current phase after the high pass filter input drops into preceding leading angle, θ ₂Be hysteresis angle before b phase current phase place is dropped into, I _aAnd I _bBe respectively the electric current of a phase, b phase, I _LBe the locomotive load current, n is b and the ratio of a active power mutually, and h is the harmonic frequency number of times, U _AcBe supply arm voltage, K _tNo-load voltage ratio for step-down transformer.