CN101566600B - Method for detection by ultrasonic guided wave signals - Google Patents
Method for detection by ultrasonic guided wave signals Download PDFInfo
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- CN101566600B CN101566600B CN200910085717XA CN200910085717A CN101566600B CN 101566600 B CN101566600 B CN 101566600B CN 200910085717X A CN200910085717X A CN 200910085717XA CN 200910085717 A CN200910085717 A CN 200910085717A CN 101566600 B CN101566600 B CN 101566600B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detection by ultrasonic guided wave signals, comprising the following steps of: obtaining a relationship graph on distance and amplitude of ultrasonic guided wave detection signal; dividing the graph into three regions by an abandonment line and an evaluation line; and carrying out signal evaluation and classification according to the relationship of the detected signal and the three regions. The abandonment line is obtained by the following steps of: preparing a standard sample pipeline; preparing a section surface loss defect A with the size of T at one end of the pipeline; arranging an ultrasonic guided wave sensor on the pipeline; subsequently moving the ultrasonic guided wave sensor on the pipeline; measuring the signal once when moving by a distance, thus obtaining the peak value of the defect A signal; obtaining a series of points by taking the distance from each measurement point to the defect A as an abscissa and taking the echo peak value in the signal as an ordinate; and obtaining the abandonment line of the signal by carrying out curve fitting of the points. By considering the effects of welding seams and section surface loss on the detection signals, the method determines the evaluation line and the abandonment line and leads the detection result to be exacter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of nondestructive testing, particularly relate to a kind of method that detects by ultrasonic guided wave signals.
Background technology
Supersonic guide-wave has the advantage that the single-point excitation just can realize segment distance detection as in recent years emerging a kind of detection method, and the occasion that can't detect in other conventional methods such as pipeline, anchor poles obtains application more and more widely.Because the frequency dispersion and the multi-modal characteristic of guided wave, be an extremely difficult problem to the evaluation of guided wave detection signal.Present existing supersonic guide-wave evaluation method, how relevant with existing conventional sense method, as Ultrasonic Detection and the quality grade evaluation part of the mechanical industry standard bearing device Non-Destructive Testing JB4730-2005 of country about steel boiler, pressure vessel and pressure pipeline butt welded joint defective, distance-amplitude curve should be drawn by the data that used probe and instrument are surveyed in test block and form, and this family of curves is by evaluating line, quantitative line and declaring scrap wire and form.(comprise the evaluation line) between evaluation line and the quantitative line and be the I district, quantitative line and declare and (comprise quantitative line) between the scrap wire and be the II district, declaring scrap wire and above zone thereof is the III district, if distance-amplitude curve is plotted on the video screen, then is not less than video screen full-scale 20% in sensing range.Said method mainly is according to the sound field principle, is applicable to the evaluation method that closely detects, the existing inapplicable remote detection of method.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can rationally reflect the influence of weld seam, the method that detects by ultrasonic guided wave signals the guided wave detection signal.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of method that detects by ultrasonic guided wave signals, the graph of a relation of distance with amplitude by the ultrasonic guided wave detection signals obtained, and be divided into three zones by declaring scrap wire and evaluation line graph of a relation with the distance of described ultrasonic guided wave detection signals and amplitude, according to detected signal and above-mentioned trizonal relation, carry out detection signal evaluation and classification, describedly declare scrap wire and obtain by following steps:
Make the standard specimen pipeline, duct length is no less than 40 meters, and weld seam is no less than everywhere;
Making size at pipeline one end is the section loss defective A of T, and defective A is no less than 1 meter apart from the end;
On pipeline, mobile supersonic guide-wave sensor on pipeline whenever moves a segment distance then, measures one time signal, obtains the peak value of defective a-signal with the supersonic guide-wave transducer arrangements;
With each measuring point to the distance of defective A as horizontal ordinate, the echo-peak of the defective A in corresponding each measuring point gained signal obtains series of points as ordinate, and these points are done the curve match, picked up signal declare scrap wire;
Wherein, described evaluation line obtains by following steps:
Gained is declared the evaluation line of scrap wire decline 6dB picked up signal, or
Making size at the pipeline other end is the section loss defective B of T/2, and defective B is no less than 1 meter apart from the end;
On pipeline, mobile supersonic guide-wave sensor on pipeline whenever moves a segment distance then, measures one time signal, obtains the peak value of defective B signal with the supersonic guide-wave transducer arrangements;
As horizontal ordinate, the echo-peak of the defective B in corresponding each measuring point gained signal obtains series of points as ordinate, these points is done the curve match, i.e. the evaluation line of picked up signal with the distance of each measuring point and defective B.
Wherein, described section loss defective B adopts grooving or bore mode processing.
Wherein, for the standard specimen pipeline of thickness less than 6mm, described section loss defective B utilizes the through hole mode to realize that through-hole diameter equals wall thickness.
Wherein, described section loss defective A adopts grooving or bore mode processing.
Wherein, for the standard specimen pipeline of thickness less than 6mm, described section loss defective A utilizes the through hole mode to realize that through-hole diameter equals wall thickness.
Technique scheme has following advantage: by considering the influence to detecting of weld seam and section loss, determine the evaluation line and declare scrap wire, make testing result more accurate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the appraisal curve of a kind of ultrasonic guided wave detection signals of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the Φ 57 sample pipe synoptic diagram behind a kind of left end grooving of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 a～Fig. 3 f is the embodiment of the invention a kind of oscillogram at each measuring point gained signal when detecting grooving;
Ultrasonic guided wave signals appraisal curve figure when Fig. 4 is the effective decline 6dB acquisition of a kind of Φ 57 samples of embodiment of the invention evaluation line;
Fig. 5 is that a kind of left end of the embodiment of the invention has grooving and right-hand member that the Φ 57 sample pipe synoptic diagram of through hole are arranged;
Fig. 6 a～Fig. 6 f is the embodiment of the invention a kind of oscillogram at each measuring point gained signal when detecting through hole;
Fig. 7 is that the range-amplitude display curve of the effective through hole of a kind of Φ 57 samples of the embodiment of the invention is the appraisal curve figure when evaluating line.
Three pipe detection signal waveforms of gained when Fig. 8 a～Fig. 8 c is the on-the-spot Φ of detection of the embodiment of the invention 57 pipelines;
Fig. 9 is the evaluation figure that the embodiment of the invention utilizes the appraisal curve of guided wave detection signal that defective is evaluated.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Be meant the evaluation line near a curve of coordinate system among Fig. 1, away from a curve of coordinate system for declaring scrap wire.Make the standard specimen pipeline of external diameter 57mm, long 46.45m, thick 3.5mm, cut section loss at distance left end 1m place and be 12% grooving, cut behind the groove the sample pipe as shown in Figure 2, among Fig. 2, first segment distance of left end refers to the distance of grooving apart from high order end, second segment distance is meant the distance of article one weld seam to grooving, and later sector refers to the distance between the weld seam, and 6 triangles on the pipeline are meant 6 test points.The supersonic guide-wave transducer arrangements is detected the left end grooving in measuring point 1, and the peak value that obtains the grooving echo is 3V, and measuring point 1 is 6m apart from the distance of grooving again.As horizontal ordinate, the peak value of corresponding grooving echo obtains an A (6,3) thus as ordinate with the distance of measuring point 1 and grooving.Equally, successively with the supersonic guide-wave transducer arrangements in measuring point 2,3,4,5,6.The gained signal waveform was respectively shown in Fig. 3 a to Fig. 3 f when measuring point 1 to 6 detected grooving, wherein, D1 represents the grooving echoed signal, as shown in Figure 3, measuring point can be observed significantly grooving echoed signal at 1,2,3,4 o'clock, and measuring point failed to obtain tangible grooving echoed signal at 5,6 o'clock.As horizontal ordinate, the peak value of grooving echo is an ordinate in corresponding each measuring point signal, obtains a B (13.8,1.6), C (20.8,0.9), D (29.4,0.8) at 2,3,4 o'clock respectively at measuring point with the distance of measuring point 2,3,4 and grooving.To put A, B, C, D do the curve match, obtain the scrap wire of declaring of signal, to declare scrap wire decline 6dB and promptly obtain the radio signal assessment line, the appraisal curve of the ultrasonic guided wave detection signals that finally obtains as shown in Figure 4, wherein, be meant the evaluation line near a curve of coordinate system, away from a curve of coordinate system for declaring scrap wire.
Perhaps, also can obtain the evaluation line by following steps.Bore section loss at distance right-hand member 1m place and be 6% through hole, bored behind the hole the standard specimen pipe as shown in Figure 5.Equally, the supersonic guide-wave transducer arrangements on the standard specimen pipeline, is moved to the supersonic guide-wave sensor measuring point 6 and detects through hole from measuring point 1 successively, corresponding detection signal is shown in Fig. 6 a to Fig. 6 f, and wherein, D1 represents the through hole echoed signal.Known that by Fig. 6 measuring point failed to obtain tangible through hole echoed signal at 1,2 o'clock, measuring point can be observed significantly through hole echoed signal at 3,4,5,6 o'clock.As horizontal ordinate, the peak value of through hole echo is an ordinate in corresponding each measuring point signal, obtains an E (23.6,0.6), F (14.9,0.8), G (7.3,1.2), H (0.4,2.6) respectively with the distance of measuring point 3,4,5,6 and through hole.E, F, G, H are done the curve match, obtain estimating the evaluation line of ultrasonic guided wave detection signals.
Evaluation line and declare scrap wire whole coordinate is divided into three districts, evaluation line (comprising the evaluation line) is following be I district, and this district is the place of safety, and tested member can continue use; The evaluation line be II district with declaring between the scrap wire, this district is for estimating the district, and palpus employing additive method is rechecked the detection position; Declare that scrap wire is above be III district, this district distinguishes for declaring to give up, and tested member can not continue use.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, illustrate and utilize Fig. 7 ultrasonic guided wave detection signals appraisal curve to carry out the method that guided wave signals is estimated.Utilize guided wave to the pipe detection of scene, respectively find a defective in pipe 1, pipe 2, pipe 3 with external diameter 57mm, thick 3.5mm.Pipe 1, pipe 2, pipe 3 guided wave detection signal are respectively shown in Fig. 8 a, 8b, 8c, and flaw echoes will manage 1, three defective difference called after d1 on the pipe 2, pipe 3 respectively shown in D1 among Fig. 8 a, 8b, the 8c, d2, d3.Utilize Fig. 7 gained ultrasonic guided wave detection signals appraisal curve to estimate d1, d2, three defectives of d3 below.By detection signal Fig. 8 a as can be known, defective d1 is apart from measuring point 13.8m on the pipe 1, and the flaw echo peak value is 0.55V.As horizontal ordinate, the peak value of defective d1 signal obtains and corresponding some L of defective d1 (13.8,0.55) as ordinate with the distance of defective d1 and measuring point.In like manner, can obtain and corresponding some M of defective d2 (10.5,2.0), can obtain and corresponding some N of defective d3 (16.8,2.49) by Fig. 8 c by Fig. 8 b.In the some L that obtains, ultrasonic guided wave detection signals appraisal curve figure that M, N are plotted in Fig. 7 gained, the evaluation map that obtains defective d1, d2, d3 as shown in Figure 9.Among Fig. 9, the some L corresponding with defective d1 is positioned at place of safety, I district, judges that therefore defective d1 does not influence usability on the pipe 1, judges that pipe 1 can continue to use; The point M corresponding with defective d2 is positioned at the II district and estimates the district, judges that therefore defective d2 may influence usability on the pipe 2, judges that pipe 2 must adopt additive method that this position is rechecked, and determines according to rechecking the result whether this pipe can continue to use; The point N corresponding with defective d3 is positioned at the III district and declares useless district, judges that therefore defective d3 is more serious on the pipe 3, judges that pipe 3 can not continue to use, and scrap.
For verifying the correctness of this method, through to manage 1, pipe 2, pipe 3 carefully review, defective d1, d2, d3 are respectively the long-pending loss of 3%, 9%, 25% tube section as can be known, meet evaluation result.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. method that detects by ultrasonic guided wave signals, the graph of a relation of distance with amplitude by the ultrasonic guided wave detection signals obtained, and be divided into three zones by declaring scrap wire and evaluation line graph of a relation with the distance of described ultrasonic guided wave detection signals and amplitude, according to detected signal and above-mentioned trizonal relation, carry out detection signal evaluation and classification, it is characterized in that, describedly declare scrap wire and obtain by following steps:
Make the standard specimen pipeline, duct length is no less than 40 meters, and weld seam is no less than everywhere;
Making size at pipeline one end is the section loss defective A of T, and defective A is no less than 1 meter apart from the end;
On pipeline, mobile supersonic guide-wave sensor on pipeline whenever moves a segment distance then, measures one time signal, obtains the peak value of defective a-signal with the supersonic guide-wave transducer arrangements;
With each measuring point to the distance of defective A as horizontal ordinate, the echo-peak of the defective A in corresponding each measuring point gained signal obtains series of points as ordinate, and these points are done the curve match, picked up signal declare scrap wire;
Described evaluation line obtains by following steps:
Gained is declared the evaluation line of scrap wire decline 6dB picked up signal, or to make size at the pipeline other end be the section loss defective B of T/2, defective B is no less than 1 meter apart from the end;
On pipeline, mobile supersonic guide-wave sensor on pipeline whenever moves a segment distance then, measures one time signal, obtains the peak value of defective B signal with the supersonic guide-wave transducer arrangements;
As horizontal ordinate, the echo-peak of the defective B in corresponding each measuring point gained signal obtains series of points as ordinate, these points is done the curve match, i.e. the evaluation line of picked up signal with the distance of each measuring point and defective B.
2. the method that detects by ultrasonic guided wave signals as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described section loss defective B adopts grooving or bore mode processing.
3. the method that detects by ultrasonic guided wave signals as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, for the standard specimen pipeline of thickness less than 6mm, described section loss defective B utilizes the through hole mode to realize that through-hole diameter equals wall thickness.
4. the method that detects by ultrasonic guided wave signals as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described section loss defective A adopts grooving or bore mode processing.
5. the method that detects by ultrasonic guided wave signals as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, for the standard specimen pipeline of thickness less than 6mm, described section loss defective A utilizes the through hole mode to realize that through-hole diameter equals wall thickness.
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| CN103512951B (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2017-06-06 | 上海宝钢工业技术服务有限公司 | The method of low frequency ultrasound Guided waves Pipeline butt seam defect |
| CN103175898B (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2015-04-22 | 江苏大学 | Method for detecting average crystal grain size of weld seam by utilizing weld seam characteristic guide waves |
| CN103207237A (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2013-07-17 | 江苏大学 | Detection method of weld joint characteristic guided wave of butt weld |
| CN103217480B (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2015-05-20 | 杭州浙达精益机电技术股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic guided-wave judging method for pipe cross section loss amount |
| CN107543863A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-01-05 | 安徽科技学院 | Same material pipeline section product loss detection method based on supersonic guide-wave technology |
| CN107991387B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2021-07-20 | 天津恒枫东晟科技有限公司 | Pipeline ultrasonic guided wave detecting system |
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