CN101563861A - Beam space time coding and transmit diversity - Google Patents
Beam space time coding and transmit diversity Download PDFInfo
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- CN101563861A CN101563861A CNA2007800474152A CN200780047415A CN101563861A CN 101563861 A CN101563861 A CN 101563861A CN A2007800474152 A CNA2007800474152 A CN A2007800474152A CN 200780047415 A CN200780047415 A CN 200780047415A CN 101563861 A CN101563861 A CN 101563861A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0667—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of delayed versions of same signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
- H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
- H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
- H04L1/0625—Transmitter arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0667—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of delayed versions of same signal
- H04B7/0669—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of delayed versions of same signal using different channel coding between antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0667—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of delayed versions of same signal
- H04B7/0671—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of delayed versions of same signal using different delays between antennas
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Abstract
Methods and apparatus for increasing diversity gain at a receiver by applying beamforming to transmit diversity space-time coded signals. Transmit diversity can be provided at a signal source by space-time coding the signal. A transmit signal is space-time coded over a plurality of space-time antenna groups, with each space-time antenna group associated with a specific space-time code. The signal at each space-time antenna group is beamformed over the plurality of antenna in the space-time antenna group. Each of the plurality of antenna in a space-time antenna group is weighted with a distinct weight, relative to the other antenna in the space-time group. Each weight can have a distinct amplitude, phase, or combination of amplitude and phase. The weights can be static or dynamic. The dynamic weights can vary amplitude, phase, or a combination of amplitude and phase of each weight over time.
Description
Require priority based on 35U.S.C. § 119
That present patent application requires to enjoy is that on December 19th, 2006 submitted to, name is called the provisional application No.60/870 of " BEAM SPACETIME CODING AND TRANSMIT DIVERSITY ", 653 priority, this provisional application is transferred to the application's assignee, and incorporates this paper by reference clearly into thus.
Background technology
Wireless Telecom Equipment is configured to operate under various operating conditions and operating environment.With respect to the position that sends signal source, this mobile wireless device can experience violent variation aspect signal quality based on mobile wireless device.Variation in the signal quality can characterize by the variation in the wireless channel of transmitter chain being received wireless receiver.
There are many factors that wireless channel is contributed to some extent.For example, received signal intensity is along with the distance between the transmitter and receiver increases and reduces.In addition, the existence of change of topography and barrier and reflecting surface all produces contribution to multipath.Can be constructively or combination devastatingly through the signal of a plurality of signal paths of the transmitted from transmitter to receiver of associating.For example, the destructive signal combination that causes owing to the rotation of the phase place in the multi-path signal-component can cause being reduced in significantly the signal quality at receiver place.Lowered signal quality is commonly called signal fadeout, or abbreviates decline as.
Wireless communication system can be implemented various technology and compensate the probability of operating under deep fade.Wireless communication system can be implemented signal diversifying and help the compensation decline.Diversity typically refers to the redundancy of implementing certain type and provides or resolve independently signal path.
But transmitter can provide diversity by introducing different analytic signals, the probability that makes receiver have to receive and parse the increase of signal transmitted.Transmitter can some make up and introduce diversity by using a plurality of transmitting antennas, a plurality of tranmitting frequency, a plurality of launch time or its.
For example, sending diversity can be by realizing from an antenna transmission raw information symbol and from the revision of second this symbol of antenna transmission originally.The revision of this original symbol can be meant that this original symbol is delayed, asks conjugation, negates, the version of the combination of rotation etc. or some or all above-mentioned processing.The signal that is rotated is meant the multiple rotation of signal phase with respect to benchmark.Receiver is handled the whole received signals in one or more symbol periods, with the symbol that recovers to be sent.
Similarly, receiver can provide limited amount diversity by using a plurality of space diversity reception antennas.Preferably, with the spaced apart distance of described a plurality of reception antennas, the characteristic of channel that the channel that this distance can experience each antenna to be experienced with other reception antenna is irrelevant.
Summary of the invention
Provide and be used for by beam shaping being applied to increase the method and apparatus of the diversity gain at receiver place through the signal that sends the diversity Space Time Coding.Can provide the transmission diversity at the signal source place by signal is carried out Space Time Coding.Carry out Space Time Coding to sending signal on the antenna sets when a plurality of sky, antenna sets was associated with a specific empty time-code when wherein each was empty.On a plurality of antennas when each is empty in the antenna sets at this sky the time signal at antenna sets place carry out beam shaping.Other antenna when empty relatively in the antenna sets, each antenna in a plurality of antennas when utilizing different weightings to come this sky in the antenna sets is weighted.Each weighting can have the combination of different amplitudes, phase place or amplitude and phase place.This weighting can be static state or dynamic.Dynamic weighting can change amplitude, phase place or the amplitude of each weighting and the combination of phase place in time.
Aspect of the present disclosure comprises transmitter system, this transmitter system comprises transmitter, send diversity encoder and a plurality of beam shaping encoder, described transmitter is configured to generate the transmission signal flow, described transmission diversity encoder is configured to receive described transmission signal flow and generates a plurality of (G) through sending the transmission stream of diversity/Space Time Coding according to described transmission signal flow, each encoder in described a plurality of beam shaping encoder is configured to receive a plurality of through one in the transmissions stream that sends diversity/Space Time Coding and generate a plurality of (K) son stream through weighting, to send stream and carry out beam shaping through described one in the transmissions stream that sends diversity/Space Time Coding a plurality of.
Aspect of the present disclosure comprises the method that is used to introduce the transmission diversity.This method comprises that generating transmission flows, described transmission stream is divided into a plurality of (G) signal flow, a described G signal flow is sent diversity/Space Time Coding, on K antenna, in the described G signal flow each carried out beam shaping, and send described G signal through beam shaping.
Aspect of the present disclosure comprises transmitter system, this transmitter system comprises the module that is used to generate transmission stream, be used for described transmission stream is sent diversity/Space Time Coding to generate the module of G the transmission stream of having encoded, each that is used for described G the transmission stream of having encoded carried out beam shaping with G module through the group of beam shaping of generation, and is used to send described G a plurality of antennas through the group of beam shaping.
Aspect of the present disclosure comprises the computer-readable medium with computer program, described computer program is used to carry out following steps, comprise: receive and send stream, G signal flow sent diversity/Space Time Coding, and utilize corresponding complex weighting vector to come each signal flow in the described G signal flow is weighted so that each signal flow in the described G signal flow is carried out beam shaping.
Description of drawings
According to the detailed description of setting forth below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is more obvious that the feature of embodiment of the present disclosure, purpose and advantage will become, and in the accompanying drawings, similar element has similar reference marker.
Fig. 1 is the simplification functional-block diagram of an embodiment of wireless communication system.
Fig. 2 is the simplification functional-block diagram of an embodiment of the transmitter and receiver in the multi-address radio communication system.
Fig. 3 is the simplification functional-block diagram of an embodiment of transmitter system, and wherein this transmitter system has the Space Time Coding transmission diversity through beam shaping.
Fig. 4 is the simplification functional-block diagram of an embodiment of transmitter system, and wherein this transmitter system has the Space Time Coding transmission diversity through beam shaping.
Fig. 5 is to use the simplified flow chart that an embodiment of the method that sends diversity is provided through the transmission diversity/Space Time Coding of beam shaping.
Fig. 6 has the simplification functional-block diagram of an embodiment that sends the transmitter system of diversity through the Space Time Coding of beam shaping.
Embodiment
Described the method and apparatus that is used to generate and send wireless signal, it combines the benefit of transmission diversity/Space Time Coding and beam shaping.Transmitter is equipped with N transmitting antenna.Subsequently, this N transmitting antenna is divided into G group antenna, wherein G≤N.In every group of antenna, utilize weighing vector W
g=[w
G1w
G2... w
G, N/G] described antenna is weighted, to form wave beam.
The information flow transmission diversity/Space Time Coding that will need at first to send is a G son stream.Use one group of antenna to come each the sub-stream in this a little stream is carried out beam shaping and transmission.
Fig. 1 is the simplification functional-block diagram of an embodiment of multi-address radio communication system 100.Multi-address radio communication system 100 comprises a plurality of sub-districts, and for example the sub-district 102,104 and 106.In the embodiment in figure 1, each sub-district 102,104 and 106 can comprise access point 105, and this access point 105 comprises a plurality of sectors.
These a plurality of sectors are made of many groups antenna, wherein every group of antenna be responsible in the part with this sub-district access terminal communicate by letter.In sub-district 102, antenna sets 112,114 with 116 separately corresponding to a different sector.For example, sub-district 102 is divided into three sector 120a-120c.First antenna 112 is served the first sector 102a, and second antenna 114 is served the second sector 102b, and third antenna 116 is served the 3rd sector 102c.In sub-district 104, antenna sets 118,120 with 122 separately corresponding to a different sector.In sub-district 106, antenna sets 124,126 with 128 separately corresponding to a different sector.
Each sub-district is configured to support or otherwise serve some the accessing terminal that communicates with one or more sectors of corresponding access point.For example, access terminal and 130 communicate by letter with access point 142, access terminal and 134 communicate by letter with access point 144, and access terminal and 138 communicate by letter with access point 146 with 140 with 136 with 132.Access terminal and communicate by letter although in the access point 142,144 and 146 each be depicted as with two, but each access point 142,144 and 146 is not limited to access terminal and communicate by letter with two, but can support to reach the accessing terminal of arbitrary number of a certain limits value, this limits value can be physical restriction value or the limits value forced by communication standard.
As used herein, access point can be the fixed station that is used for terminal communication, and access point also can be called base station, Node B or some other terms and comprise some or all functions of base station, Node B or some other terms.Access terminal (AT) also can be called user's set (UE), user terminal, Wireless Telecom Equipment, terminal, portable terminal, travelling carriage or some other terms, and comprise some or all functions of user's set (UE), user terminal, Wireless Telecom Equipment, terminal, portable terminal, travelling carriage or some other terms.
As can be seen from Figure 1, each accesses terminal and 130,132,134,136,138 and 140 is arranged in its each other different piece that accesses terminal and compare of sub-district and this same sub-district separately.In addition, each access terminal can with corresponding to the antenna sets of the access point that is communicating with at a distance of different distances.Environment in the sub-district and other condition, these two factors all provide and have made and access terminal and corresponding to between the antenna sets of this access point of communicating by letter of accessing terminal presenting the situation of different channels condition at each.
Access terminal owing to the channel condition that constantly changes makes each (for example 130) experience any other not unique characteristic of channel of experience that accesses terminal usually.In addition, the characteristic of channel changes and in time owing to the variation of position changes.Access point (for example 142,144 and 146) can be configured to realize dynamically changing the antenna weighting to the antenna in each antenna sets, so that improve at the signal diversifying of 130,132,134,136,138 and 140 places experience that accesses terminal.
Above embodiment can utilize as shown in FIG. 2 transmission (TX) processor 220 or 260, processor 230 or 270 and memory 232 or 272 realize.These processes can be in office be carried out on what processor, controller or other treatment facility, and can be used as source code, object code or be stored in the computer-readable medium as computer-readable instruction with other form.
Fig. 2 is the simplification functional-block diagram of an embodiment of the transmitter and receiver in the multi-address radio communication system 200.At transmitter system 210 places, provide the business datum of a plurality of data flow to sending (TX) data processor 214 from data source 212.In one embodiment, each data flow sends on transmitting antenna separately.TX data processor 214 is based upon the specific coding scheme that each data flow is selected, and comes the business datum of this data flow is formatd, encodes and interweaves, so that coded data to be provided.In certain embodiments, user that TX data processor 214 just is being sent to based on the symbol of data flow and the antenna that is sending this symbol are applied to the beam shaping weighting symbol of this data flow.In certain embodiments, can generate the beam shaping weighting based on channel response information, wherein this channel response information indication access point and access terminal between the condition of transmission path.In addition, under those situations of the transmission that is scheduled, TX data processor 214 can be selected packet format based on the order information (rank information) that sends from the user.
Can use the OFDM technology to carry out the coded data and the pilot data of each data flow multiplexing.The well known data pattern that this pilot data is normally handled with known manner, and can be used for estimating channel response at the receiver system place.Subsequently, the certain modulation schemes (for example, BPSK, QPSK, M-PSK or M-QAM) that is based upon each data flow selection comes the coded data of multiplexing pilot data and this data flow is modulated, so that modulation symbol to be provided.The data rate of each data flow, coding and modulation can utilize the instruction that is provided by processor 230 to determine.In certain embodiments, the number of parallel spatial stream can change according to the order information that sends from the user.
Subsequently, the modulation symbol of all data flow is offered TX MIMO processor 220, this TXMIMO processor 220 can further be handled (for example, at OFDM) to modulation symbol.TX MIMO processor 220 is subsequently with N
TIndividual symbols streams is provided to N
TIndividual transmitter (TMTR) 220a is to 222t.User that TX MIMO processor 220 just is being sent to according to the subscriber channel response message, based on the symbol of data flow and the antenna that is sending this symbol are applied to the beam shaping weighting symbol of this data flow.
Each transmitter 222a receives and handles separately symbols streams so that one or more analog signals to be provided to 222t, and further analog signal is regulated (for example, amplification, filtering and up-conversion) so that the modulated signal that is suitable for transmitting to be provided on mimo channel.Subsequently, the machine of spontaneous emission in the future 222a is to the N of 222t
TIndividual modulated signal is respectively from N
T Individual antenna 224a sends to 224t.
At receiver system 250 places, by N
R Individual antenna 252a receives the modulated signal that is sent to 252r, and will offer respective receiver (RCVR) 254 from the received signal of each antenna 252.254 pairs of received signals separately of each receiver are regulated (for example, filtering, amplification and down-conversion), the signal after regulating is carried out digitlization so that sampling to be provided, and further sampling is handled so that corresponding " receiving " symbols streams to be provided.
Subsequently, RX data processor 260 receives from N
RThe N of individual receiver 254
RIndividual receiving symbol flows, and comes N based on specific receiver treatment technology
RThe individual stream of receiving symbol is handled the ordinal number (rank number) so that " detecting " symbols streams to be provided.Below the processing that RX data processor 260 carries out will be described in more detail.Each detected symbol stream comprise such symbol, this symbol is the estimation of the modulation symbol that sends at corresponding data flow.Subsequently, RX data processor 260 to each detected symbol stream carry out rectification, deinterleaving and decoding, to recover the business datum of this data flow.By RX data processor 260 processing of carrying out and the processing complementation of carrying out by the TX MIMO processor 220 and the TX data processor 214 at transmitter system 210 places.
In can use the channel response that is generated by RX processor 260 to estimate to carry out at the receiver place spatial manipulation, sky/time, handle, and adjust power level, change modulation rate or scheme, or carry out other action.RX processor 260 can also be estimated signal and the noise and the interference ratio (SNR) of detected symbol stream, and may estimate other characteristic of channel, and this tittle is offered processor 270.
At the receiver place, can use various treatment technologies to come to N
RIndividual received signal is handled to detect N
TThe individual symbols streams that sends.Receiver treatment technology (it is also referred to as balancing technique) in the time of these receiver treatment technologies can being grouped into two primary categories (i) space and sky; And (ii) " continuously zero point/equilibrium and interference eliminated " receiver treatment technology (it is also referred to as " interference eliminated continuously " or " eliminating continuously " receiver treatment technology).
By N
TIndividual transmitting antenna and N
RThe mimo channel that individual reception antenna constitutes can be decomposed into N
SIndividual independent channel, wherein N
S≤ min{N
T, N
R.This N
SIn the individual independent channel each can also be called the spatial sub-channel (or transmission channel) of this mimo channel, and corresponding to a dimension.
Fig. 3 is the simplification functional-block diagram of an embodiment of realizing the signal through Space Time Coding is carried out the transmitter system 300 of beam shaping.The simplification functional-block diagram of Fig. 3 be confined in this transmitter system with to carrying out the relevant part of beam shaping through the signal behind the Space Time Coding.For simple and clear and purpose clearly, the other parts of this transmitter system have been omitted.For example, transmitter system 300 can be integrated in the base station of communication system of Fig. 1, and can be an embodiment of the transmitter system of Fig. 2.
Time diversity/Space Time Coding device 320 is coupled in the output of transmitter 310.The signal flow that time diversity/Space Time Coding device 320 is configured to the machine of spontaneous emission in the future 310 is divided into a plurality of (G) signal flow.Time diversity/320 pairs of these a plurality of signal flows of Space Time Coding device are operated, to generate the revision of described signal flow.For example, time diversity/Space Time Coding device 320 can be configured to straight-through one and not pass through the signal flow of revising basically, and can be configured to revise each signal flow in G-1 signal flow of residue.Usually, because all signal flows can be normalized to signal specific stream, so a signal flow can be thought unmodified.
For example, time diversity/Space Time Coding device 320 can be configured to each signal flow of this G-1 signal flow is postponed, negates, asks conjugation, rotation etc. or its some combinations.Time diversity/Space Time Coding device 320 can be incorporated into signal specific stream with delay by using some combinations of variable delay, delay line, tapped delay line, digital delay etc. or delay element.Time diversity/Space Time Coding device 320 for example can be configured to use, and sign-changing amplifier comes signal flow is negated.Time diversity/Space Time Coding device 320 can be configured to use circulator for example, be coupled to the quadrature phase signal component inverter etc. or its some combinations are asked conjugation to this signal flow.In addition, one or more multipliers that time diversity/Space Time Coding device 320 can be configured to use one or more multipliers that homophase and quadrature signal component are operated, be weighted phase component, delay element etc. or its some combinations come signal flow is rotated.
Usually, time diversity/Space Time Coding device 320 is carried out different modifications to each signal flow, thereby makes it possible to realize sending diversity by send a plurality of (G) signal flow on a plurality of (G) different antennae.In typical time diversity/Space Time Coding system, can spatially separate a plurality of (G) antenna.In the embodiments of figure 3, each signal flow in G of the elapsed time diversity/space encoding different signal flow is carried out other processing.
It is to send beam shaping by using that the another way of diversity gain is provided at the receiver place, in sending beam shaping, basically from the identical information symbol of a plurality of antenna transmission.Can carry out different weightings to signal, thereby can make total signal to noise ratio maximum at the receiver place from each antenna in a plurality of antennas.Can be by using different antenna gains or realizing this different signal weighting by the independent signal that is coupled to each antenna is weighted.
In the embodiments of figure 3, use a plurality of antennas to come each signal flow in G the signal flow is carried out beam shaping individually.To be coupled to a plurality of beam shaping encoders 330 from each different signal flow of time diversity/Space Time Coding device 320
0-330
GIn one.Beam shaping encoder 330
0-330
GNumber equal the number of the transmission diversity signal stream that generates by time diversity/Space Time Coding device 320.
Each beam shaping encoder (for example 330
0) be configured to generate a plurality of weighted signal streams, wherein each weighted signal streams is applied to corresponding antenna.Each beam shaping encoder (for example 330
0) receive from a signal flow in a plurality of signal flows that send diversity/Space Time Coding device 320.Beam shaping encoder 330
0Signal is divided into a plurality of (K) duplicate signal streams, and utilizes the beam shaping weighting that is associated to come each signal flow in this K the duplicate signal streams is weighted.Beam shaping encoder 330
0Weighted signal streams is coupled to and particular beam shaping encoder 330
0A plurality of (K) antenna 330 that is associated
00-330
0K
Therefore, the sum of the antenna number G that equals time diversity/Space Time Coding group multiply by the number K of the beam shaping signal flow that generates at each time diversity/Space Time Coding group.In the embodiments of figure 3, there be N=G * K antenna altogether.Signal during for each time diversity/sky, transmitter system 300 embodiment of Fig. 3 show the beam shaping signal flow of equal number.Yet signal had different beam shaping dimensions when other embodiment can be for different time diversity/sky.
If can obtain the estimation of the channel from the transmitting antenna to the receiver at the transmitter place, then weighting matrix maker 360 can be determined the optimum value of the weighting in each weighing vector, and wherein this optimum value makes the signal to noise ratio (snr) maximum.Yet usually, transmitter system 300 is not known channel estimating, and weighting matrix maker 360 is not known channel estimating yet thus.To see the diversity benefit continuously in order to ensure receiver, weighting matrix maker 360 can be configured to change in time weighting, make the efficient channel in each wave beam also change in time, wherein efficient channel comprise in conjunction with the time become the actual channel of beam shaping effect.Introduce the beam shaping that changes by the variation in the weighing vector of weighting matrix maker 360 generations, this beam shaping is simulated quick fading effect.
For example
Weighing vector in, each weighting can comprise range weight and phase component, for example,
Weighting matrix maker 360 can be configured to introduce in many ways the time variation of having a mind to (temporal variation) in vectorial weighting.Weighting matrix maker 360 can be configured to change range weight, phase component or its combination.In addition, weighting matrix maker 360 can be configured to change independently the weighting in any given weighing vector, perhaps based on or change described weighting according to one in the described weighting.
As an example, weighting matrix maker 360 can be configured to keep constant substantially range weight, and changes phase component according to the function of time.For example, weighting matrix maker 360 can be according to the function phi of time
0=φ
0(t) and φ
1=φ
1(t) change first and second phase components.Weighting matrix maker 360 can change the phase component of single weighting independently, perhaps can change the phase component of second phase component based on first phase component, for example, and φ
1(t)=φ
0(t+ Δ).
As another example, weighting matrix maker 360 can be configured to keep constant substantially phase component, and the range weight that changes each weighting according to the function of time.For example, weighting matrix maker 360 can keep φ
0And φ
1Constant, and can be according to the function A of time
0=A
0(t) and a
1=A
1(t) change first and second range weights.Weighting matrix maker 360 can change the range weight of single weighting independently, perhaps can change the range weight of second range weight based on first range weight, for example, and A
1(t)=A
0(t+ Δ).In another embodiment, weighting matrix maker 360 can be configured to change the range weight and the phase component of at least some beam shaping weightings.
The speed that weighting matrix maker 360 changes the weighted components of expectation can be fix or can change.Weighting matrix maker 360 can be configured to make up based on time, incident or its and change described component.Weighting matrix maker 360 can be configured to that the component at each change uses independently speed when changing a plurality of weighted components.Replacedly or additionally, weighting matrix maker 360 can be configured to use identical speed or speed independently at each vector in the weighting matrix.Usually, weighting matrix maker 360 can be configured to use fully independently at each component or speed function changes single weighted components and changes the reformed speed of this weighting matrix.
For example, weighting matrix maker 360 can be configured to select the time rate of change of the amplitude and the phase place of each weighting, to mate employed channel code.Therefore, weighting matrix maker 360 changes weighted components in time, and the speed of change weighting depends on the selection of incident, channel code.In another embodiment, weighting matrix maker 360 can be configured to according to the weighting w different with two
1And w
2Two corresponding different predefined function groups are come the speed that time of selecting range and phase place changes.In another embodiment, weighting matrix maker 360 can be configured to based on coming choice function or rate of change from the feedback of receiver.
Timing and synchronization module 350 are configured to the timing of the timing of weighting matrix maker and use in transmitter 310 is carried out synchronously.For example, timing and synchronization module 350 can comprise the clock that is synchronized to the system time that is used by transmitter 310 when generating transmission stream.In one embodiment, regularly and synchronization module can with the OFDM timing synchronization that sends stream, make to become weighting when weighting matrix maker 360 can generate, this time change be weighted on the character boundary and change.
Timing and synchronization module 350 can also be monitored in transmitter 310 and be taken place to be used for one or more incidents that conduct changes the trigger condition of weighting by weighting matrix maker 360.For example, timing and synchronization module 350 can be monitored transmitter 310 employed code rates, and can generate designator or the message that is used for indicating code rate or indicates the variation of code rate for weighting matrix maker 360.
Fig. 4 is the simplification functional-block diagram that is arranged to an embodiment of the transmitter system 300 that carries out beam shaping.In the embodiment of Fig. 4, transmitter system 300 disposes four antennas altogether, and is configured to generate in two different groups transmission diversity/Space Time Coding.The embodiment of Fig. 4 shows the specific embodiment in the General System shown in Fig. 3.
In the embodiment of Fig. 4, transmitter 310 is configured to generate and sends stream, and for example, this transmission stream can be the stream that is frequency translated to a plurality of OFDM symbols of RF tranmitting frequency.Transmitter 310 should send stream and be coupled to transmission diversity/Space Time Coding device 320.
Sending diversity/Space Time Coding device 320 is configured to generate a group that is made of two transmission streams of having encoded according to input transmission stream.For example, sending diversity/Space Time Coding device 320 can be two essentially identical copies with input transmission flow point.Send diversity/Space Time Coding device 320 and can export in two essentially identical copies first and encoded as first and send stream, and can be in two essentially identical copies of output second have encoded as second and this second copy further to have been handled before sending stream.Send diversity/Space Time Coding device 320 can by for example to signal flow postpone, ask conjugation, negate, rotation etc. or its some combinations, second in two essentially identical copies is handled.
Each signal flow in the signal flow of 300 pairs one group process transmission of transmitter system diversity/Space Time Coding carries out beam shaping.First group of antenna comprises antenna 340
00With 340
01, and second group of antenna comprises antenna 340
10With 340
11 Transmitter system 300 uses first group of antenna 340
00With 340
01Come first signal flow behind process transmission diversity/Space Time Coding is carried out beam shaping, and use second group of antenna 340
10With 340
11Come carrying out beam shaping through the secondary signal stream behind transmission diversity/Space Time Coding.
Sending diversity/Space Time Coding device 320 has encoded first and sends stream and be coupled to the first beam shaping encoder 330
0The described first beam shaping encoder 330
0Comprise demultiplexer 410
0, this demultiplexer 410
0Being configured to encode first, to send flow point be two essentially identical copies.The first beam shaping encoder 330
0Future, the self-separation device 410
0First output be coupled to and send first antenna 340 that the diversity group is associated
00The first beam shaping encoder 330
0Future, the self-separation device 410
0Second output be coupled to multiplier 420
0, this multiplier 420 wherein
0Be configured to utilize the complex weighting that receives from weighting matrix maker 360 to come signal flow is weighted.The first beam shaping encoder 330
0To be coupled to through the transmission stream of weighting and send second antenna 340 that the diversity group is associated
01
Timing and synchronization module 350 are configured to the system time of transmitter 310 use when generating transmission stream synchronous.Timing and synchronization module 350 can also be configured to monitor the state of scheduled event or transmitter 310.Timing and synchronization module 350 are coupled to weighting matrix maker 360 with timing and state information of event.
Carry out beam shaping because each is sent the diversity group, so weighting matrix maker 360 is illustrated as 2 * 2 weighting matrix makers at two different antennas.Under normal conditions, weighting matrix maker 360 generates 1 * 2 vector at two each groups that sends in the diversity group, thereby obtains 2 * 2 weighting matrixs.Yet, because beam shaping encoder 330
0With 330
1Only one in two signals that are routed to antenna is weighted, so weighting matrix maker 360 only needs to generate a complex weighting for each sends the diversity group.
Fig. 5 is to use the simplified flow chart that the method 500 that sends diversity is provided through the transmission diversity/Space Time Coding of beam shaping.For example, method 500 can be carried out or be carried out by the transmitter system shown in Fig. 3 or 4 at the place, base station of Fig. 1.For purposes of discussion, method 500 is described as being carried out by transmitter system.
Transmitter system proceeds to square frame 530, and G signal flow carried out time diversity/Space Time Coding.Can introduce transmission stream to one or more processing the in G the signal flow will send diversity.In one embodiment, transmitter system can be configured to by signal flow being postponed, asks conjugation, negating, rotate or other is handled signal flow is handled or revised.In addition, when introducing the transmission diversity, transmitter system can be realized the combination of a plurality of treatment technologies.
After introducing the transmission diversity, transmitter system proceeds to square frame 540, and divides for the group that is made of K signal with each the transmission signal of having encoded in G the encoded signal stream.For example, transmitter system can be configured to use the 1:K demultiplexer that each transmission flow point of having encoded is K signal.Therefore, after each signal flow in G the signal flow was cut apart, transmitter system was configured to support N=G * K signal.
Clear and simple in order to describe, method 500 is described as dividing for the group that is made of K signal with each signal flow in G the signal flow.Yet method 500 is not limited to the antenna that has equal number in each group.Therefore, in alternative embodiment, transmitter system can divide for the group that is made of K1 signal with each signal in first subclass of signal flow, and divides for the group that is made of K2 signal with each signal in the secondary signal subclass, and wherein K1 is not equal to K2.In another embodiment, transmitter system can be divided into each signal flow in G the signal flow stream of different numbers.
In case transmitter system is divided into one group of son stream with each signal flow in G the signal flow, then transmitter system proceeds to square frame 550 and is every group of generation weighing vector in the G group.In the embodiment shown in the flow chart, transmitter system generates G the weighing vector that length is K.Transmitter system can generate different weighing vectors for every group in the G group, and perhaps transmitter system can use identical weighing vector to a plurality of groups.Each expression in the weighing vector is used for the group that is made of K signal flow is carried out the weighting of beam shaping.
Transmitter system can be configured to generate static weighing vector or change weighing vector dynamically, the perhaps combination of static state and dynamic weight vectors.Transmitter system can be configured to change the beam shaping weighing vector based on the combination of time, incident or Time And Event.For example, the time rate of change can be based on OFDM character rate, frame rate, superframe speed or some other speed that change in time.
Transmitter system can need not change one or more dynamic beam shaping weighing vectors with open loop approach under the situation from the feedback of receiver; Perhaps change one or more dynamic beam shaping weighing vectors with closed-loop fashion based on direct or indirect feedback from one or more receivers.For example, transmitter system can change the beam shaping weighing vector based on channel speed, type of coding or some other parameters that influenced by receiver.For example, transmitter system can be based in part on selected channel code and changes one or more weighing vectors.
Transmitter system proceeds to square frame 560, and based on the weighing vector that is associated, and comes each signal flow in K the signal flow in every group in the G group is weighted.Transmitter system proceeds to square frame 570, and sends signal on N=G * K antenna.Each group that is made of K antenna is sent the expression through beam shaping of the respective signal stream in the group that G signal flow of free elapsed time diversity/Space Time Coding constitute.Transmitter system can continue the information and executing method 500 at all transmissions, perhaps can be configured to optionally activate or the deexcitation beam shaping.
Fig. 6 is the simplification functional-block diagram that is arranged to an embodiment of the transmitter system 600 that carries out beam shaping.Transmitter system 600 comprises one or more processors that are used to generate 610, and it is configured to generate send and flows.For example, one or more processors that are used to generate 610 can comprise signal source, modulator, frequency changer etc.In one embodiment, one or more processors that are used to generate 610 are configured to generate the transmission stream of the OFDM symbol that is frequency translated to transmission frequency.
One or more processors that are used to generate 610 will send stream and be coupled to one or more processors 620 that are used to send diversity/Space Time Coding.One or more processors 620 that are used to send diversity/Space Time Coding are configured to send stream according to input and generate a plurality of (G) through sending signal flow of diversity/Space Time Coding.One or more processors 620 that are used to send diversity/Space Time Coding send stream according to input and generate a plurality of signal flows, and in this G signal flow each encoded, to introduce the transmission diversity.
For example, one or more processors 620 that are used to send diversity/Space Time Coding can comprise one or more elements, and it is configured to signal flow is postponed, asks conjugation, negates, rotates or other processing.
One or more processors 620 that are used for sending diversity/Space Time Coding with a plurality of encoded send stream each be coupled to corresponding a plurality of one or more processors 630 that are used for beam shaping
0-630
G Transmitter system 600 has been encoded to each individually and has been sent stream and carry out beam shaping, and has therefore encoded at each and send stream and realize one or more processors that are used for beam shaping, and for example 630
0
Each is used for the processor (for example, 630 of beam shaping
0) encoding of its correspondence sent flow point is a plurality of groups that are made of K the sub-stream of beam shaping.One or more processors that are used for beam shaping (for example 630
0) weighting of the corresponding beam shaping weighing vector that provides by the module 660 that is used for generating weighting matrix is provided, come K the sub-stream of beam shaping is carried out weighting.
One or more processors (for example, 630 that are used for beam shaping
0) K the sub-stream of beam shaping through weighting is coupled to the antenna of a plurality of correspondences, for example 640
00-640
0K, wherein on these antenna, will send to one or more receivers through the signal of beam shaping.
One or more processors 660 that are used to generate weighting matrix are one or more processors 630 that are used for beam shaping
0-630
GIn each generate weighing vector.Usually, one or more processors 660 that are used to generate weighting matrix generate a weighting at each antenna, and are each or a plurality of processor 630 that is used for beam shaping thus
0-630
GGenerating dimension is the vector of K.One or more processors 660 that are used to generate weighting matrix can be used for the module 630 of beam shaping for each
0-630
GGenerate different weighing vectors, perhaps identical weighing vector can be offered the module that two or more are used for beam shaping.
One or more processors 660 that are used to generate weighting matrix can be configured to generate fixing weighing vector or variable weighing vector.One or more processors 660 that are used for generating weighting matrix can change each weighting of variable weighting vector, perhaps can change a subclass of the weighting in the variable weighting vector.
One or more processors 660 that are used to generate weighting matrix can change weighing vector in time based on incident or based on the combination of incident and time.One or more be used for regularly and synchronous processor 650 can be configured at the generation of the one or more processors that are used to generate 610 monitoring incidents or do not have incident to take place, and can be configured to time and time reference by the one or more processors that are used to generate 610 uses are carried out synchronously.For example, one or more be used for regularly and synchronous processor 650 can be configured to system time or symbol time synchronous.
One or more be used for regularly and synchronous processor 650 will be coupled to the module 660 that is used to generate weighting matrix with the information of incident and timing sync correlation.One or more processors 660 that are used to generate weighting matrix can be configured to for example use the combination of predefined function, form or function and form to change one or more weighing vectors, wherein said predefined function, form with by one or more be used for regularly relevant with information that synchronous processor 650 provides.
Use method and apparatus described herein to make communication system from send diversity/Space Time Coding and beam shaping, to be benefited.Transmitter system can be operated to carry out beam shaping to one group individually through each signal in the signal that sends diversity/Space Time Coding.Transmitter system can change described one group of beam shaping that carries out through each encoded signal stream in the signal that sends diversity/Space Time Coding.Transmitter system can change the beam shaping that each signal flow is carried out in time.Transmitter system can change beam shaping according to open loop approach, and the characteristic of channel at described open loop approach and receiver place or signal quality are irrelevant.
As used herein, term " coupling " or " connection " are used to represent indirect coupling and directly coupling or connection.Under the situation of the two or more squares of coupling, module, equipment or device, between the square of these two couplings, can there be one or more middle squares.
Various illustrative logical blocks in conjunction with embodiment description disclosed herein, module and circuit can utilize with lower member and realize or carry out: general processor, digital signal processor (DSP), Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) processor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, perhaps be designed to carry out the combination in any of the above-mentioned parts of function described herein.General processor can be a microprocessor, but replacedly, this processor can be any processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine.Processor also can be implemented as the combination of computing equipment, and for example combination of DSP and microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessor, one or more microprocessor are in conjunction with DSP nuclear or any other this configuration.
The method of describing in one or more exemplary embodiments, process or algorithm can adopt hardware, software, firmware or its any combination to realize.When adopting software to realize, these functions can be used as one or more instructions and are stored on the computer-readable medium or by computer-readable medium and transmit.Computer-readable medium comprises computer-readable storage medium and communication media, and this communication media comprises any medium of being convenient to computer program is sent to from a position another location.Storage medium can be can be by any usable medium of computer access.For example, but without limitation, this computer-readable medium can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc memory apparatus, disk storage device or other magnetic storage apparatus or can be used in and carries or the required program code of store instruction or data structure form and any other medium that can be conducted interviews by computer.In addition, any connection also suitably is called computer-readable medium.For example, if use coaxial cable, optical fiber cable, twisted-pair feeder, Digital Subscriber Line or such as the wireless technology of infrared ray, radio and microwave come from the website, server or other remote source send software, then above-mentioned coaxial cable, optical fiber cable, twisted-pair feeder, DSL or include in the definition of transmission medium such as the wireless technology of infrared ray, radio and microwave.As used herein, disk and CD comprise compact disk (CD), laser disk, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray disc, and wherein disk magnetically reproduces data usually, and cd-rom using laser optics ground reproduces data.Combinations thereof also should be included in the scope of computer-readable medium.
The above description of disclosed embodiment is used for making those skilled in the art can make or use the disclosure.To those skilled in the art, be conspicuous to the various modifications of these embodiment, and under the situation that does not deviate from spirit or scope of the present disclosure, Ding Yi rule can be applied to other embodiment here.Therefore, each embodiment that the disclosure is not intended to be limited to illustrate here, but should meet and principle disclosed herein and novel feature the widest corresponding to scope.
Claims (29)
1, a kind of transmitter comprises:
Maker, it is configured to generate the transmission signal flow;
Send the diversity encoder, it is configured to receive described transmission signal flow, and is configured to generate a plurality of (G) through sending the transmission stream of diversity/Space Time Coding according to described transmission signal flow; And
A plurality of beam shaping encoders, each beam shaping encoder in described a plurality of beam shaping encoder is configured to receive described a plurality of the transmission through one in the transmission stream that sends diversity/Space Time Coding and flows, and generate the son stream of a plurality of (K) process weighting, carry out beam shaping with the described transmission stream in the transmission stream that described a plurality of processes is sent diversity/Space Time Coding.
2, transmitter as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described transmitter is coupled to many group antennas, described many group antennas are coupled to described a plurality of beam shaping encoder, and described every group of antennas organizing in the antennas have K antenna and are configured to broadcast described a plurality of through the transmission of the coding stream through beam shaping in the transmission stream that sends diversity/Space Time Coding more.
3, transmitter as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described many group antennas comprise N=G * K antenna.
4, transmitter as claimed in claim 1, also comprise the weighting matrix maker, it is configured to generate a plurality of weighing vectors, and the described transmission stream during each the beam shaping encoder in wherein said a plurality of beam shaping encoder flows by the transmissions that utilize corresponding weighing vector that described a plurality of processes are sent diversity/Space Time Coding carries out weighting, generates described a plurality of son through weighting and flows.
5, transmitter as claimed in claim 4, wherein, described weighting matrix maker is configured to generate the weighing vector of at least one variation.
6, transmitter as claimed in claim 5 wherein, becomes weighing vector when the weighing vector of described at least one variation comprises.
7, transmitter as claimed in claim 5, wherein, the weighing vector of described at least one variation comprises the weighing vector of determining based on the transmitter incident.
8, transmitter as claimed in claim 4, wherein, described weighting matrix maker is configured to generate at least one complex weighting vector.
9, transmitter as claimed in claim 4, wherein, described weighting matrix maker is configured at each the different complex weighting vector of generation that accesses terminal in a plurality of the accessing terminal.
10, transmitter as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the coding that at least one beam shaping encoder in described a plurality of beam shaping encoder is configured to be received sends stream and is divided into K son stream, and utilizes the unit in the complex weighting vector usually at least one height stream in described K the son stream to be carried out weighting.
11, transmitter as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described transmission stream comprises OFDM (OFDM) symbol that is frequency translated to operating frequency.
12, transmitter as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described transmission diversity encoder is configured to a version of described transmission stream is postponed, and is used as being used to generate at least a portion of the process that flows through the transmission that sends diversity/Space Time Coding.
13, transmitter as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described transmission diversity encoder is configured to a version of described transmission stream is asked conjugation, is used as being used to generate at least a portion of the process that flows through the transmission that sends diversity/Space Time Coding.
14, transmitter as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described transmission diversity encoder is configured to a version of described transmission stream is rotated, and is used as being used to generate at least a portion of the process that flows through the transmission that sends diversity/Space Time Coding.
15, a kind of method that sends diversity of introducing, described method comprises:
Generate and send stream;
Described transmission stream is divided into a plurality of (G) signal flow;
A described G signal flow is sent diversity/Space Time Coding;
On K antenna, each signal flow in the described G signal flow is carried out beam shaping; And
Send described G signal through beam shaping.
16, method as claimed in claim 15 wherein, sends diversity/Space Time Coding to a described G signal flow and comprises: with respect to first signal flow in the described G signal flow, at least one signal flow in the described G signal flow is carried out time delay.
17, method as claimed in claim 15 wherein, sends diversity/Space Time Coding to a described G signal flow and comprises: with respect to first signal flow in the described G signal flow, at least one signal flow in the described G signal flow is asked conjugation.
18, method as claimed in claim 15 wherein, sends diversity/Space Time Coding to a described G signal flow and comprises: with respect to first signal flow in the described G signal flow, at least one signal flow in the described G signal flow is rotated.
19, method as claimed in claim 15 wherein, is carried out beam shaping to each signal flow in the described G signal flow and is comprised: utilizes the beamforming vectors that changes to come at least one signal flow in the described G signal flow is weighted on K antenna.
20, method as claimed in claim 19, wherein, the beamforming vectors of described variation comprises and becomes beamforming vectors when predetermined.
21, method as claimed in claim 15, wherein, on K antenna, each signal flow in the described G signal flow is carried out beam shaping and comprise:
Each signal flow in the described G signal flow is divided into K son stream;
Utilize the element in the corresponding weighing vector, each the sub-stream in described K the son stream is carried out weighting.
22, method as claimed in claim 21 wherein, is carried out weighting to each the sub-stream in described K the son stream and is comprised: son stream is multiplied each other with complex weighting in the described corresponding weighing vector.
23, method as claimed in claim 21 wherein, is carried out weighting to each the sub-stream in described K the son stream and is comprised: utilize the weighting that changes to come at least one height stream is carried out weighting.
24, a kind of transmitter, described system comprises:
Be used to generate the module that sends stream;
Be used for described transmission stream is sent diversity/Space Time Coding to generate the module of G the transmission stream of having encoded;
Be used for described G each the transmission stream of having encoded that sends stream of having encoded is carried out beam shaping to generate G the module through the group of beam shaping; And
Be used to send described G a plurality of antennas through the group of beam shaping.
25, transmitter as claimed in claim 24, wherein, described being used for comprises the module that described transmission stream sends diversity/Space Time Coding: an element, it is configured to flow at least one that generates in the signal flow that passes through after postponing, asking conjugation, rotate or negate according to described transmission.
26, transmitter as claimed in claim 24, also comprise: be used to generate the module of the weighting matrix of weighing vector with at least one variation, and wherein said be used for to described G encoded send stream each encoded and send the module that stream carries out beam shaping and comprise: be used for module that first weighing vector in described G at least one weighing vector that sends stream and described at least one variation of having encoded that sends stream of having encoded is multiplied each other.
27, transmitter as claimed in claim 26, also comprise: be used for regularly and synchronous module, described be used for regularly and synchronous module is configured to generate the timing base that is used to generate the module use of weighting matrix by described is to change the weighing vector of described at least one variation.
28, a kind of computer-readable medium comprises instruction on it, the described instruction equipment that is configured to make provides the transmission diversity, and described instruction comprises:
Be used to send the instruction of G signal flow;
Be used for a described G signal flow is sent the instruction of diversity/Space Time Coding; And
Be used for utilizing corresponding complex weighting vector to come each signal flow of a described G signal flow is weighted so that each signal flow in the described G signal flow is carried out the instruction of beam shaping.
29, computer-readable medium as claimed in claim 28 also comprises: be used to generate the instruction of the weighing vector of at least one variation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611168966.1A CN106411382A (en) | 2006-12-19 | 2007-12-18 | Beam space time coding and transmit diversity |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US87065306P | 2006-12-19 | 2006-12-19 | |
| US60/870,653 | 2006-12-19 | ||
| US11/684,527 | 2007-03-09 |
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| CNA2007800474152A Pending CN101563861A (en) | 2006-12-19 | 2007-12-18 | Beam space time coding and transmit diversity |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018028331A1 (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2018-02-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data sending and receiving method and device |
| US10735080B2 (en) | 2016-08-10 | 2020-08-04 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Transmission scheme indication method, and data transmission method, apparatus, and system |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2371947B (en) * | 2001-02-01 | 2005-02-23 | Fujitsu Ltd | Communications systems |
| US20030026348A1 (en) * | 2001-06-07 | 2003-02-06 | National University Of Singapore | Wireless communication apparatus and method |
| KR100575930B1 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2006-05-02 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Method and apparatus for mode transition of transmit diversity in mobile communication system using transmit diversity |
| US20050042988A1 (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2005-02-24 | Alcatel | Combined open and closed loop transmission diversity system |
| CN100392998C (en) * | 2005-07-06 | 2008-06-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Intelligent antenna downstream wave-packet formation method combined with space hour block coding |
-
2007
- 2007-12-18 CN CN201611168966.1A patent/CN106411382A/en active Pending
- 2007-12-18 CN CNA2007800474152A patent/CN101563861A/en active Pending
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018028331A1 (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2018-02-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data sending and receiving method and device |
| US10735080B2 (en) | 2016-08-10 | 2020-08-04 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Transmission scheme indication method, and data transmission method, apparatus, and system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| UA94638C2 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
| CN106411382A (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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