CN101563539A - 带有发电机的杠杆操作的枢转浮子 - Google Patents

带有发电机的杠杆操作的枢转浮子 Download PDF

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CN101563539A
CN101563539A CNA2007800467106A CN200780046710A CN101563539A CN 101563539 A CN101563539 A CN 101563539A CN A2007800467106 A CNA2007800467106 A CN A2007800467106A CN 200780046710 A CN200780046710 A CN 200780046710A CN 101563539 A CN101563539 A CN 101563539A
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C·奥尔森
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1805Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem
    • F03B13/181Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for limited rotation
    • F03B13/1815Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for limited rotation with an up-and-down movement
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/02Other machines or engines using hydrostatic thrust
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20Hydro energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Abstract

一种装置,其包括附着于横梁的浮子和杠杆臂组合,使得浮子和杠杆臂可以展开并改变相对于海洋表面的定向。浮子和杠杆臂枢转,可以使浮子旋转到垂直于水表面的位置。杠杆臂可以例如附着于悬撑横梁或海底。一种用于响应于海浪作用而使浮子和杠杆臂运动的方法,其包括:将杠杆臂的第一端枢转地附着到浮子上;将杠杆臂的第二端附着到一连接器部件上;以及将连接器部件的端部附着到海底。

Description

带有发电机的杠杆操作的枢转浮子
相关申请
本申请要求2007年1月12日提交的发明名称为″带有发电机的杠杆操作的枢转浮子″的临时申请60/880,321的优先权。本申请还要求2007年3月2日提交的发明名称为″带有发电机的杠杆操作的枢转浮子″的临时申请60/904,749的优先权。60/880,321和60/904,749这两篇申请在此引入作为参考。
本申请在此引入2006年6月22日提交的发明名称为″海浪能量转换器″的非临时申请序列号No.11/473,357、2006年8月31日提交的发明名称为″用于浮子的气泵″的非临时申请序列号No.11/513,805以及2006年8月31日提交的发明名称为″可充气的非刚性储气设备″的非临时申请序列号No.11/513,770,作为参考。
技术领域
该装置将来自海浪运动的能量转换成不同形式的能量。该装置包括附着于杠杆臂的枢转浮子。枢转浮子和所附着的杠杆臂可以相对于彼此展开,浮子相对于海洋表面的定向可以由水平变为垂直。
背景技术
目前存在很多浮动机构。但是,已知的是,没有一种设备获得市场或技术上的成功。
发明内容
一种装置,其包括附着于浸没的稳定物体的枢转浮子和杠杆臂组合,使得浮子和杠杆臂可以展开并改变相对于海洋表面的定向。浮子和杠杆臂枢转,可以使浮子旋转到垂直于水表面的位置。杠杆臂可以例如附着于悬撑横梁或海底。
一种用于响应于波浪作用而移动浮子和杠杆臂的方法,其包括:将杠杆臂的第一端枢转地附着到浮子上;将杠杆臂的第二端附着到一连接器部件上;以及将连接器部件的端部附着到海底。
附图说明
图1显示了水平于海洋表面定向的枢转浮子,其带有敞开的中间区段和端部。还显示了安装于旋转轴上并指向天空或相对于海洋表面成一锐角指向的杠杆臂。还显示了将杠杆臂的一端附着于一横梁(或格栅)上的索缆和电缆。
图2是枢转浮子和杠杆臂的若干位置的合成图。枢转浮子从水平位置移动至竖直位置。杠杆臂从向上方向移动至向下方向,最终移动至向下指向水中的竖直方向。还显示了该装置经由索缆附着到横梁上。
图3显示了处于竖直位置的枢转浮子和杠杆臂。还显示了将杠杆臂连接到横梁上的索缆。
图4显示了枢转浮子、内部机械、旋转轴、杠杆臂和连接于横梁或较大格栅的一部分上的连接器部件、例如索缆、杆、链条或绳的详细横截面视图。
图5显示了附着于海底的索缆。
图6显示了枢转浮子和杠杆臂,其中,杠杆臂包括配重,以便于使杠杆臂返回至向上或向天空的方向。图6显示了处于向下方向的杠杆臂,其通过一连接部件附着于海底。
这些附带的视图显示了本发明的优选实施例,它们结合到说明书中,并构成说明书的一部分。这些视图与上面给出的本发明的概要描述和下面给出的优选实施例的详细描述一起用于解释本发明的原理。
具体实施方式
本发明的装置主题涉及漂浮并枢转的浮子,所述浮子在海洋表面上具有从波峰和波谷的竖向运动分量。通常,枢转浮子相对于海洋表面处于水平位置,即,浮子的纵向轴线水平于海洋表面。在一个实施例中,杠杆臂在一旋转轴处可枢转地附着于枢转浮子。杠杆臂通常指向天空或者相对于水平定向的浮子成一锐角向上指向。参见图1中所示的杠杆臂52的位置。
在视图所示的实施例中,枢转浮子相对于海洋表面从水平方向至竖直方向可旋转90°。当处于竖直位置时,用较小的力,可以更容易地使浮子浸入水中(鸭潜式)。该90°旋转与被旋转的浮子的潜水或浸没相结合,一起保护部件免受巨浪的损坏。这显示在图2中。
在一个实施例中,使用了多个本发明的浮子。浮子附着于海洋表面下面的刚性重梁,并支撑该刚性重梁。一横梁浸没于海洋表面下面,并通过浮子的组合浮力悬浮起来。多个横梁可以组合成一格栅。由于所使用的分离的浮子的数量的缘故,一些浮子经受波峰,而其他浮子经受波谷。所以浸没在海洋表面下面的悬撑梁处于稳定平面内。横梁(或格栅)构成浸没的稳定物体。
至少一个浮子保持附加的部件。在一个例子中,这些部件包括一个或多个发电机、泵、齿轮、棘轮与棘爪、将杠杆臂连接于浮子的旋转轴、弹簧、配重和将杠杆臂的一端连接于浸没于水下的横梁的附着机构。旋转轴可以随着枢转浮子或杠杆臂的运动一起转动。该轴的旋转可以供给机械动力(能量)。
发电机可以是AC或DC。齿轮响应于能量源(由于浮子竖向运动,杠杆臂运动)提升发电机的旋转。换句话说,如果臂使第一齿轮旋转90°,则发电机轴可旋转360°而转动25次。(1∶100的比率)。也可以为其它传动比。
在附加部件的另一个例子中,棘轮与棘爪部件用于容许发电机轴仅在一个方向上转动。杠杆臂响应于波浪作用而上下移动。由于棘轮与棘爪的作用,该往复运动不能在两个方向上旋转发电机轴。发电机轴单方向旋转。
设有一旋转轴从附着于发电机的齿轮部件伸出。该轴被固定于杠杆臂的第一端。该轴可以延伸至第二发电机。应该明白,当一个发电机通过棘轮棘爪组合从电源″断开″时,另一个发电机将转动。
还设有一弹簧部件,其使杠杆臂返回至预定位置。该返回运动可以用配重进行补充。
图1显示了本发明的枢转浮子1的一个例子。浮子具有中心孔和开口端(″U形″)。还显示了旋转轴51,其可以连接于安装在枢转浮子体内的一个或多个发电机(未显示)。该轴连接于杠杆臂52,所述杠杆臂52可枢转地附着于浮子,并附着于连接部件,例如固定于横梁11的索缆或杆8。还显示了电缆10,其可以传送发电机发出的电能。发电机可可以位于浮子内部,如图4所示。在另一个实施例中,发电机或其他作业装置例如泵位于浮子上。在另一个实施例中,作业装置例如发电机、泵等,可以位于杠杆臂上或杠杆臂内。
图2显示了枢转浮子响应于巨浪从水平位置1A到竖直位置1D(急剧下降)的运动。注意浮子1和杠杆臂52之间的枢转关系。在波浪的作用下,杠杆臂和浮子展开(1A和52A),并变为竖直对齐(1D和52D)。注意,所示的连接部件8的长度是恒定的,浸没结构保持在稳定位置。
图3显示了由于高的海涌而展开的枢转浮子1和杠杆臂52的组合,保持横梁11的索缆8的长度为固定长度。在另一个例子中(图5),索缆可以附着于海底。可以使用杆、链条或类似装置来代替索缆。杠杆臂在轴上(向下)旋转大约135°,从而使杠杆臂与浮子(此刻处于竖直位置)对齐。图3示出了该动作。应该明白,枢转浮子垂直于海洋表面定向。这是从枢转浮子正常的水平于海洋表面定向的位置变化。该变化的位置容许浮子的全部或部分被拉到表面以下。当浪涌通过时,枢转浮子恢复常态,弹簧使杠杆臂复位。可通过附着于杠杆臂的配重来辅助弹簧作用。在图6中显示了这些配重的例子。杠杆臂可以返回至其正常位置。
图4提供了如图1所示的枢转浮子和杠杆臂组件的横截面视图。显示了枢转浮子1,杠杆臂52向下贯穿浮子的中心孔延伸。显示了两个发电机64、65。还显示了用于每个发电机(从运动轴51传递能量)的齿轮机构62、66的定位。杠杆臂相对于浮子在旋转轴上枢转。该运动由波浪运动引起而传递或变换能量。枢转浮子部件包括使杠杆臂返回至预定位置的弹簧61。枢轴耦合件53连接杠杆臂和附着于横梁11的索缆8。利用配重可辅助弹簧返回杠杆臂的运动。
图6显示了枢转浮子和杠杆臂的侧视图。还显示了配重。在该例子中,配重54位于杠杆臂52的端部。还显示了附着于索缆或杆8的杠杆臂,索缆或杆8通过连接器或锚件101附着于海底100。
图7显示了本发明的另一个实施例,其中,杠杆臂52附着于延伸至海底100和锚固装置101的连接部件8。还显示了从容纳在枢转浮子1内或枢转浮子1上的发电机或类似部件伸出的电力电缆10。还显示了旋转轴51,杠杆臂在其上枢转。还显示了连接杠杆臂和连接部件的枢转接头53。
本申请的装置主题与其他装置之间的显著区别之一在于,在本装置中,枢转浮子和杠杆臂以展开的方式相对于海洋表面旋转。杠杆臂进行旋转运动,浮子相对于海洋表面从水平位置旋转至竖直位置。浮子在竖直位置可以浸没在水中。现有技术可能具有浮子和杠杆臂组合,但是它们具有无法旋转的静止部件。Salter的3,928,967和Reenberg的4,568,836专利具有旋转的浮子,但都没有杠杆臂或旋转的杠杆臂。这些装置取决于固有惯性或静止部件。杠杆臂和浮子两者都在相对于海洋表面的方向上旋转的展开的浮子杠杆臂组合是本发明的装置主题的显著区别之一。

Claims (24)

1.一种杠杆操作的枢转浮子,其将海浪的升降转换成不同形式的能量,该杠杆操作的枢转浮子包括附着的枢转浮子和杠杆臂组合,其中,浮子可以改变相对于杠杆臂的定向,杠杆臂可以改变相对于枢转浮子的定向,该组合可以改变相对于海洋表面的定向,并且该杠杆操作的枢转浮子还包括附着于浸没的稳定物体的装置。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置,还包括可以枢转至垂直于水表面的方向的枢转浮子。
3.如权利要求1所述的装置,还包括从水平于水的方向至垂直于水的方向旋转90度的枢转浮子。
4.如权利要求1所述的装置,还包括附着于一连接器部件的杠杆臂,所述连接器部件附着于浸没的稳定物体。
5.如权利要求4所述的装置,还包括一连接器部件,所述连接器部件包括索缆。
6.如权利要求4所述的装置,还包括一连接器部件,所述连接器部件包括链条。
7.如权利要求4所述的装置,还包括一连接器部件,所述连接器部件包括杆。
8.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,浸没的稳定物体是一横梁。
9.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,浸没的稳定物体是一格栅。
10.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,浸没的稳定物体是海底。
11.一种装置,其包括附着于海底的附着的枢转浮子和杠杆臂组合,还包括:由于海浪对装置的影响,而展开并改变相对于海洋表面的定向的浮子和杠杆。
12.如权利要求11所述的装置,其中,枢转浮子可以从基本上平行于海洋表面的水平定向至基本上垂直于海洋表面的竖直定向旋转90度。
13.一种杠杆操作的枢转浮子组合,将海浪的升降转换成各种形式的能量,该杠杆操作的枢转浮子组合包括:
a)杠杆操作的枢转浮子组合;
b)将杠杆附着于浮子的旋转轴;
c)在第一端附着于杠杆的连接部件,连接部件第二端附着于浸没的稳定物体。
14.如权利要求13所述的组合,其中,杠杆可以在由海洋表面的向上运动的反作用下相对于浮子的枢转运动中展开,还包括从天空方向朝海底方向旋转的杠杆,浮子相对于海洋表面从水平位置旋转至竖直位置。
15.一种利用可枢转地附着于枢转浮子的杠杆的组合从海洋表面的升降中产生能量的方法,其包括下列步骤:
a)将杠杆操作的枢转浮子组合放置在海洋中;
b)将杠杆可移动地附着于浮子;
c)在浮子中结合一机器部件;
d)利用杠杆的运动,移动带有机器的部件;和
e)将杠杆附着于浸没的稳定结构。
16.如权利要求15所述的方法,还包括:
a)在海洋表面的向上运动的反作用下,展开杠杆和枢转浮子;
b)从天空方向朝海底方向旋转杠杆;和
c)从基本上平行于海洋表面的水平位置至基本上垂直于海洋表面的竖直位置旋转浮子。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法,还包括枢转浮子浸没于海洋表面以下的步骤。
18.如权利要求15所述的方法,还包括所述机器设置在枢转浮子上。
19.如权利要求15所述的方法,还包括所述机器设置在杠杆内。
20.如权利要求15所述的方法,还包括所述机器设置在杠杆上。
21.如权利要求15所述的方法,还包括将一配重附着于杠杆上。
22.一种杠杆操作的枢转浮子组合,将海浪的升降转换成不同形式的能量的,该杠杆操作的枢转浮子组合包括:
a)杠杆操作的枢转浮子组合;
b)将杠杆附着于浮子的旋转轴;
c)在第一端附着于杠杆并在第二端附着于浸没的稳定物体的连接部件;
d)附着于杠杆的配重;和
e)弹簧。
23.如权利要求22所述的枢转浮子组合,还包括附着于旋转轴的弹簧。
24.如权利要求23所述的枢转浮子组合,还包括发电机。
CN2007800467106A 2007-01-12 2007-05-22 带有发电机的杠杆操作的枢转浮子 Expired - Fee Related CN101563539B (zh)

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