CN101561216A - Method and system for drying wood - Google Patents

Method and system for drying wood Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101561216A
CN101561216A CNA2009100847106A CN200910084710A CN101561216A CN 101561216 A CN101561216 A CN 101561216A CN A2009100847106 A CNA2009100847106 A CN A2009100847106A CN 200910084710 A CN200910084710 A CN 200910084710A CN 101561216 A CN101561216 A CN 101561216A
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gas
dry kiln
humidity
drying
outlet
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CN101561216B (en
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周玉成
候晓鹏
张星梅
匙璟青
闫承林
陈冀阳
安源
徐佳鹤
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a system for drying wood, which comprises a drying kiln, a humidity generator, a heat energy recoverer, a filter and a control system, wherein the drying kiln is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet; high-temperature waste gas discharged out of the gas outlet of the drying kiln is filtered by the filter, then is input to the heat energy recoverer, and is discharged out after performing heat exchange with low temperature gas from the humidity generator in the heat energy recoverer, and the heated low temperature gas output by the heat energy recoverer is sent into the gas inlet of the drying kiln through a pipeline; and the control system controls the work of the drying kiln, and controls the humidity of the low temperature gas output by the humidity generator according to the temperature, the humidity and the moisture content of the wood to be controlled in the drying kiln so as to control the humidity of the gas input in the drying kiln. By setting the humidity generator and the heat energy recoverer, the system optimizes the drying quality of the wood and minimizes the energy consumption; and simultaneously, because the working gas is used circularly, the waste gas is prevented from being discharged to the atmosphere to pollute the environment.

Description

A kind of method for drying wood and system
Technical field
The invention belongs to drying of wood field, especially relate to a kind of energy-saving and environmental protection, efficient intelligent method for drying wood and system.
Background technology
The drying of wood is important step and the indispensable operation in the timber processing, is the key technology that guarantees the timber-work quality, is the important technique measure of rationally, efficiently utilizing timber.Timber will be utilized, and at first will carry out drying and handle.Dried timber product size ability stable and the antibiotic insect pest of timber all increases, and the excellent specific property of timber can be embodied fully.The drying of wood all has great importance to timber processing, use, transportation and preservation.
Existing method for drying wood roughly is divided into: conventional drying, dielectric drying, vacuum drying.Conventional drying is the most general a kind of of present domestic and international application, mainly is because advantages such as device price economy, drying cost are cheap, easy operations, the extremely favor of wood processing enterprise, and this drying mode has accounted for more than 90% of China's wood working industry.Dielectric drying and vacuum drying are to grow up on the basis of conventional drying, and it is good to have a dry mass, advantage such as speed is fast.But this device costs an arm and a leg, dry volume is little, is not suitable for large-scale production, only limits to the precious assortment of small batch.
Though but select which kind of drying mode, and all to consume a large amount of energy, according to the study, the energy that the existing drying of wood is consumed accounts for more than 70% of whole wood working industry energy consumption; Meanwhile, timber will discharge a large amount of waste gas in dry run, pollute to atmosphere thus; Therefore, each state is all at drying process, the method and apparatus of efficient, energy-conservation and environmental protection of research timber.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of energy-saving and environmental protection, efficient, the intelligent method for drying wood of controlling at the problem that prior art exists, a kind of system of this method of application also is provided simultaneously, system of the present invention can realize the Based Intelligent Control to the whole process of the drying of wood, according to measuring and calculating, it is energy-conservation more than 23% to compare existing conventional drying method, dry mass can be suitable with vacuum drying and dielectric drying, and be suitable for desiccated wood in enormous quantities.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of drying of wood system comprises dry kiln, humidity generator, thermal energy recoverer, filter, control system, has inlet, outlet on the dry kiln; The high-temp waste gas that discharge the dry kiln gas outlet filters back input thermal energy recoverer through filter, the cryogenic gas that transports with humidity generator in thermal energy recoverer carries out discharging after the heat exchange, and the cryogenic gas after being heated of thermal energy recoverer output is sent into the dry kiln air inlet through pipeline; The work of described control system control dry kiln, and according to the humidity of the temperature in the dry kiln, humidity and the moisture content controlled humidity cryogenic gas that generator is exported that will control, with realization to importing the control of dry kiln gas humidity.
Further, the inlet, outlet place of described dry kiln also is respectively arranged with valve, and described control system is controlled the open degree of dry kiln inlet, outlet by this valve, realizes the control to turnover dry kiln gas flow.
Further, import described humidity generator as source of the gas through pipeline from the described dry kiln waste gas that described thermal energy recoverer is discharged, after waste gas is manufactured the required moisture of system by humidity generator, after the thermal energy recoverer heating, sent back in the dry kiln once more and done work, formed the circulation of whole drying of wood system works gas thus.
Further, described thermal energy recoverer is made of the heat exchanging pipe that is provided with in housing and the inner chamber thereof, housing is provided with two pairs of air inlet/outlets, wherein a pair of is the air inlet/outlet of described heat exchanging pipe, this is used for the turnover of described cryogenic gas to air inlet/outlet, another is to air inlet/outlet and housing intracavity inter-connection, and this is used for the turnover of described dry kiln waste gas to air inlet/outlet.
Further, described humidity generator comprises the housing of enclosed construction, and housing inner chamber bottom is provided with water layer, the middle part is provided with the porous aggregate layer, the packing layer top is provided with spray equipment, and described water layer is that spray equipment supplies water by pump and pipeline, forms the circulation of water in housing; The described dry kiln waste gas of described thermal energy recoverer output is input in the humidity generator through the packing layer below of pipeline from the housing inner chamber, and in packing layer, fully contact, and above packing layer, form after the saturated with moisture gas outlet, top output in the cavity from humidity generator with water under the spray of described spray equipment; Humidity generator has refrigeration and heater, and described control system is controlled the water temperature in the humidity generator by refrigeration and heater, to realize the control to gas humidity that humidity generator is exported.
Further, the described dry kiln waste gas of described thermal energy recoverer output is input in the bottom water of described humidity generator through pipeline, and the gas that enters in the water floats naturally, exports from the gas outlet on humidity generator top after passing described packing layer.
Further, to the pipeline the described thermal energy recoverer, also be provided with gas flow control valve, realize thus passing in and out the further control of described dry kiln gas flow from described humidity generator gas outlet.
Further, described filter comprises the housing of enclosed construction, is perfused with scavenging solution in the housing, and housing is provided with inlet, outlet.
A kind of method for drying wood, be specially: set the drying time of timber, the temperature rise curve in the dry kiln, the flow curve that dry kiln passes in and out gas, the moisture curve that is input to the gas in the dry kiln according to seeds, timber and lumber standards, make dry kiln carry out drying to timber according to the parameters of above-mentioned setting.
Further, described method for drying wood carries out according to tree characteristics and/or timber and lumber standards segmentation, that is: the whole dry run with timber is divided into several time periods, makes dry kiln carry out work according to the moisture curve of different temperature rise curves, gas flow curve, input gas respectively in each time period.
A kind of method for drying wood, be specially: drying time, the temperature rise curve of setting timber according to seeds, timber and lumber standards, make dry kiln according to drying time and the temperature rise curve work set then, and according to the temperature in the dry kiln, humidity and moisture content data, adjust in real time dry kiln turnover gas flow, be input to the humidity of the gas in the dry kiln, the optimum moisture content change curve according to wood to be dried when dry carries out drying to it.
The drying of wood of the present invention system has the following advantages:
1, in whole dry run, system of the present invention is discharging waste gas in atmosphere not, does not pollute environmental protection.This is because compare with existing conventional drying method, suppose that the conventional drying time is 10 hours, the steam vent radius is 5 centimetres, wind speed 5 meter per seconds, the conventional drying method intake and exhaust time accounts for 2/3 of total drying time, dry run will be discharged high-temp waste gas 1413 cubic meters, and the heat energy in the combustion gas no longer does work, and be wasted.
2, system of the present invention fully reclaims the heat energy in the dry kiln institute waste discharge gas, reaches energy-conservation and the efficient utilization energy.Compare with existing drying means, under equal conditions, the native system energy-saving effect reaches more than 23%.The reason that the conventional drying method wastes energy is: during the dry kiln exhaust, the heat energy in the waste gas is wasted, and when dry kiln is air-breathing, gives the gas heating enter consumes energy again.In a word, during the dry kiln operation, unnecessary energy resource consumption can account for about 35% of its total energy consumption.
3, owing to can control in real time the humidity of gas in the input dry kiln according to the moisture content of the temperature in the dry kiln, humidity and the timber that is dried in the system works of the present invention, and can control at times according to its optimum drying curve according to the kind and the specification of timber, thus utilize system of the present invention drying lumber quality can with involve great expense, high-energy source consumption and vacuum drying that can only small lot batch manufacture and the quality of dielectric drying compare favourably.
4, since system of the present invention in when operation, control system can be according to the humidity of the automatic controlled humidity gas that generator is exported of optimum drying curve of the moisture content of the temperature in the dry kiln, humidity, timber and timber, automatically the flow of the gas of dry kiln is advanced/goes out in adjustment, automatically control the wind speed in the dry kiln, thereby can realize the automation of drying of wood whole process and the intellectuality of control procedure.
The core of the drying of wood of the present invention system is to be provided with self-adjustable humidity generator and thermal energy recoverer.Wherein, humidity generator can dynamically be adjusted the humidity in the kiln body according to the situation of the moisture content of drying kiln for drying timber, makes wood drying quality reach optimization, power consumption minimizes, and energy-saving effect can reach more than 15%; Thermal energy recoverer then will pass to after the energy recovery in the dry kiln institute waste discharge gas to the live gas of dry kiln input, make the energy of recovery continue acting, reach energy-saving and environmental protection and purpose efficiently, energy-saving effect can reach more than 8%.Therefore, system of the present invention compares existing state-of-the-art drying kiln energy-saving and can reach more than 23%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a drying of wood system architecture schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of dry kiln;
Fig. 3 is a dry kiln A-A view;
Fig. 4 is the humidity generator structural representation;
Fig. 5 is the thermal energy recoverer structural representation;
Fig. 6 is a filter structure schematic representation.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of drying means of the present invention and device is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As Fig. 1-shown in Figure 5, the drying of wood of the present invention system comprises dry kiln 39, filter 42, thermal energy recoverer 41, humidity generator 40, control system 43; Exhaust outlet 7 (with reference to Fig. 3) on the dry kiln 39 links to each other through the exhaust gas entrance of pipeline with filter 42, the purified gas outlet of filter 42 links to each other with the high-temp waste gas input port 27 of thermal energy recoverer 41 through pipeline, the waste gas delivery outlet 26 of thermal energy recoverer 41 links to each other with the gas input port 25 of humidity generator 40 through pipeline, the saturated with moisture delivery outlet 19 of humidity generator 40 links to each other through the inlet end of pipeline with flow control valve 18, the outlet side of flow control valve 18 links to each other with the cryogenic gas input port 17 of thermal energy recoverer 41 through pipeline, the cryogenic gas delivery outlet 29 of thermal energy recoverer 41 links to each other with air inlet 6 on the dry kiln 39 through pipeline, forms the gas circulation loop of a sealing thus.
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, dry kiln 39 is the dry kiln of existing conventional structure, and this dry kiln comprises hold down gag 1, closing door 2, heat-insulation layer 3, dry kiln thermal wall 4, valve control device 5, air inlet 6, exhaust outlet 7, circulating fan 8, bimetallic clad aluminum fin heater 9, unit of steam jet 10, deep bead 11, wet-bulb temperature tester 12, electrical impedance acquisition module 13, dry-bulb temperature tester 14, wheel 15, positive and negative blast dividing plate 16.
As shown in Figure 4, humidity generator 40 is made up of packing layer 23, water layer 24, gas input port 25 and refrigeration and the heating combined equipment (not shown) of flow control valve 18, saturated with moisture delivery outlet 19, spray head 20, housing 21, circulation waterway 22 (wherein pipeline and water pump do not illustrate separately), loose structure.
As shown in Figure 5, thermal energy recoverer 41 is made up of cryogenic gas input port 17, cryogenic gas delivery outlet 29, waste gas delivery outlet 26, waste gas input port 27, shell 28, be provided with heat exchanging pipe in the shell 28, from the dry kiln waste gas of input port 27 input enters cavity outside the heat exchanging pipe, the low temperature moisture of 17 inputs then enters the heat exchanging pipe from the input port, and carries out exchange heat by the waste gas outside duct wall and the pipeline.
As shown in Figure 6, filter 42 is made up of waste gas input port 30, scavenging solution 31, housing 32, waste gas delivery outlet 33.
Control system 43 is electrically connected with wet-bulb temperature tester 12, dry-bulb temperature tester 14, electrical impedance acquisition module 13, circulating fan 8, bimetallic clad aluminum fin heater 9, valve control device 5, unit of steam jet 10 in the dry kiln 39 respectively, also is electrically connected with interior water circulating pump, the flow control valve 18 of the refrigeration of humidity generator 40 and heater (not shown), humidity generator 40 simultaneously.
The drying of wood of the present invention system can carry out work in two ways:
1. time method
Drying time, temperature rise curve, the dry kiln that the staff sets timber according to the specification (as thickness) of seeds, wood to be dried passes in and out the throughput curve, is input to the moisture curve of the gas in the dry kiln, start dry kiln then and carry out work, finish until whole dry run by the program of setting.
Wherein drying time, temperature rise curve, turnover throughput curve, the moisture curve that is input to the gas in the dry kiln all can be tested definite in advance.
In addition, characteristic according to the timber of different seeds and different size, in order to guarantee the quality of dry back timber better, the timber sectional carries out drying, that is: the whole dry run with timber is divided into several time periods, adopts the moisture curve of different temperature rise curves, gas flow curve, input gas respectively at each time period.The time of each time can be identical, also can be different, look seeds, that timber and lumber standards is come is fixed.
2. water cut method
The staff is at first according to seeds, the specification of wood to be dried is set the drying time of timber, temperature rise curve, after starting dry kiln then, make the control system of dry kiln utilize doing in the kiln, wet-bulb temperature tester and the electrical impedance acquisition module that is arranged on the timber are gathered the interior temperature of kiln in real time, humidity, and the real-time moisture content of wood to be dried, and according to resulting temperature, humidity and moisture content data, adjust the flow of dry kiln turnover gas in real time, be input to the humidity of the gas in the dry kiln, make wood to be dried carry out drying according to its optimum moisture content change curve.
Can find its optimum moisture content change curve by experiment during the drying of wood of different seeds, different size, carry out the quality that drying can guarantee dry back timber according to this curve.
According to water cut method timber being carried out drying equally also can time segment carry out.
During drying of wood system works of the present invention, can carry out the selection of " seeds " with reference to following table.
The tree group Seeds
1 Brazil walnut, white Ormosia hosiei, Rhodesia teak
2 Walnut, Juglans mandshurica, clone, white poplar, Chinese white poplar, aspen, teak, toothed oak wood
3 China fir, white fir, camphor tree China fir, Picea koraiensis Nakai, fish scale dragon spruce, Abies nephrolepis, abies holophylla fir, cryptomeria, Chinese hemlock spruce, Tsuga longibracteata, Manchurian ash, pesudotsuga taxifolia, sal, Ash, cork wood, wingceltis, elm, decomposite leaf elm, Japanese elm, koombar, oak, kapur, yellow pineapple, look wood, maple wood, white ox Qi, Ju wood, high mountain oak
4 Korean pine, kahikatea, masson pine, pinus yunnanensis, Chile pine, larch, larch in Xinanlin area, larix olgensis, Dacrydium pierrei, leaf of bamboo pine, linden, Sha Lanyang, gumhar, cotton rose, birch, white birch, maple birch, why eastern
Existing dry kiln is when operation, and the staff at first sets drying time, temperature rise curve according to the specification (as thickness) of seeds, wood to be dried, starts dry kiln then, begins that promptly timber is carried out drying and handles.Operation along with dry kiln, high-temp waste gas in the kiln constantly is discharged into atmosphere, fresh air in the atmosphere is also constantly added in the dry kiln, simultaneously, the staff controls the flow of dry kiln input and output gas again according to the real-time moisture content of the temperature in the dry kiln, humidity, the timber that is dried and the experience of oneself, and in kiln, spray into steam by unit of steam jet frequently, regulate the humidity of kiln atmosphere, run to setting-up time, promptly finish the drying of timber is handled until dry kiln.
With wood drying system of the present invention compared with prior art, by filter is set, can eliminate the harmful substances of wanting in the dry kiln institute Exhaust Gas, reduce the pollution to atmosphere; Thermal energy recoverer is set heat energy is fully used, reduce energy resource consumption, reduce energy waste; Humidity generator is set, by the humidity of the gas in the input dry kiln is controlled, the humidity of the atmosphere in the dry kiln is changed reposefully, overcome in the past spray steaming and make the sudden change of kiln atmosphere humidity to drying of wood quality adverse effect; Especially after making the working gas periodic duty of dry kiln, energy-conservation, the reduction of discharging advantage of whole system are further promoted.
Method for drying wood of the present invention compared with prior art, the timber that can make different tree species, different size respectively according to its separately best drying process condition carry out drying, thereby dried wood quality is protected.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of drying of wood system is characterized in that, comprises dry kiln, humidity generator, thermal energy recoverer, filter, control system, has inlet, outlet on the dry kiln; The high-temp waste gas that discharge the dry kiln gas outlet filters back input thermal energy recoverer through filter, the cryogenic gas that transports with humidity generator in thermal energy recoverer carries out discharging after the heat exchange, and the cryogenic gas after being heated of thermal energy recoverer output is sent into the dry kiln air inlet through pipeline; The work of described control system control dry kiln, and according to the humidity of the temperature in the dry kiln, humidity and the moisture content controlled humidity cryogenic gas that generator is exported that will control, with realization to importing the control of dry kiln gas humidity.
2, the system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the inlet, outlet place of described dry kiln also is respectively arranged with valve, and described control system is controlled the open degree of dry kiln inlet, outlet by this valve, realizes the control to turnover dry kiln gas flow.
3, the system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, import described humidity generator as source of the gas through pipeline from the described dry kiln waste gas that described thermal energy recoverer is discharged, after waste gas is manufactured the required moisture of system by humidity generator, after the thermal energy recoverer heating, sent back in the dry kiln once more and done work, formed the circulation of whole drying of wood system works gas thus.
4, the system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described thermal energy recoverer is made of the heat exchanging pipe that is provided with in housing and the inner chamber thereof, housing is provided with two pairs of air inlet/outlets, wherein a pair of is the air inlet/outlet of described heat exchanging pipe, this is used for the turnover of described cryogenic gas to air inlet/outlet, and another is to air inlet/outlet and housing intracavity inter-connection, and this is used for the turnover of described dry kiln waste gas to air inlet/outlet.
5, the system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described humidity generator comprises the housing of enclosed construction, housing inner chamber bottom is provided with water layer, the middle part is provided with the porous aggregate layer, the packing layer top is provided with spray equipment, and described water layer is that spray equipment supplies water by pump and pipeline, forms the circulation of water in housing; The described dry kiln waste gas of described thermal energy recoverer output is input in the humidity generator through the packing layer below of pipeline from the housing inner chamber, and in packing layer, fully contact, and above packing layer, form after the saturated with moisture gas outlet, top output in the cavity from humidity generator with water under the spray of described spray equipment; Humidity generator has refrigeration and heater, and described control system is controlled the water temperature in the humidity generator by refrigeration and heater, to realize the control to gas humidity that humidity generator is exported.
6, system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the described dry kiln waste gas of described thermal energy recoverer output is input in the bottom water of described humidity generator through pipeline, and the gas that enters in the water floats naturally, exports from the gas outlet on humidity generator top after passing described packing layer.
7, system as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, also is provided with gas flow control valve from described humidity generator gas outlet to the pipeline the described thermal energy recoverer, realizes thus passing in and out the further control of described dry kiln gas flow.
8, the system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described filter comprises the housing of enclosed construction, is perfused with scavenging solution in the housing, and housing is provided with inlet, outlet.
9, a kind of method for drying wood, be specially: set the drying time of timber, the temperature rise curve in the dry kiln, the flow curve that dry kiln passes in and out gas, the moisture curve that is input to the gas in the dry kiln according to seeds, timber and lumber standards, make dry kiln carry out drying to timber according to the parameters of above-mentioned setting.
10, method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described method for drying wood carries out according to tree characteristics and/or timber and lumber standards segmentation, that is: the whole dry run with timber is divided into several time periods, makes dry kiln carry out work according to the moisture curve of different temperature rise curves, gas flow curve, input gas respectively in each time period.
CN200910084710A 2009-05-25 2009-05-25 Method and system for drying wood Expired - Fee Related CN101561216B (en)

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