CN101560528A - Method for removing pulullan polysaccharide and extracting and obtaining beta-polymalic acid by enzyme process - Google Patents
Method for removing pulullan polysaccharide and extracting and obtaining beta-polymalic acid by enzyme process Download PDFInfo
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- CN101560528A CN101560528A CNA2009100689511A CN200910068951A CN101560528A CN 101560528 A CN101560528 A CN 101560528A CN A2009100689511 A CNA2009100689511 A CN A2009100689511A CN 200910068951 A CN200910068951 A CN 200910068951A CN 101560528 A CN101560528 A CN 101560528A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for effectively degrading and removing pulullan polysaccharide in Aureobasidium pullulans fermentation broth by utilizing pullulanase so as to be favorable for extracting and obtaining beta-polymalic acid. The method can effectively degrade and remove the pulullan polysaccharide in the Aureobasidium pullulans fermentation broth, improve the yield and the purity of products, avoids a series of trivial operations caused by the interference of the pulullan polysaccharide, improve the working efficiency and reduce the production cost of the products. The method is realized by the following proposal: Aureobasidium pullulans is subjected to activation and seed culture and is inoculated into a fermentation medium; the Aureobasidium pullulans is cultured between 7 and 12 d at the temperature of between 24 and 30 DEG C and under the condition of between 120 and 200 r/m, fermentation broth is subjected to 5,000 r/m centrifugation or filtration after the fermentation is over, and thalli are removed; the pH value of a fermentation filtered fluid (a supernatant) is adjusted to be between 5 and 7, 6-11 plu/mL supernatant of the Pullulanase is added, and the reaction is performed for 30 to 90 minutes at the temperature of between 30 and 50 DEG C; subsequently dried methyl alcohol is added until the final concentration of methanol is between 40 and 60 percent, the mixture is slowly stirred and kept stand over night, and the obtained deposit is a coarse product of the beta-polymalic acid; and the coarse product of the beta-polymalic acid is dissolved in distilled water according to the ratio of 1:10(m:v), the obtained product is subjected to 5,000 r/m centrifugation, micromolecular undissolved substances are removed, and the beta-polymalic acid is obtained after vacuum concentration and freeze drying.
Description
Technical field
Technical scheme of the present invention belongs to biological process synthesising biological degradable high polymer material research field.
Background technology
Polymalic acid (poly-hydroxy-butanedioic acid ester) [Poly (malic-acid) or Poly malate abbreviate PMLA as] is to be the polyamino polymer polymkeric substance of only monomer with the oxysuccinic acid.Although just found polymalic acid, until when separating, it just has been subjected to attention after 20 years from several biologies as far back as the late period sixties 20th century.A kind of macromolecular compounds of being made up of oxysuccinic acid of discovery such as Shimada in 1969 can suppress the aspartic protease of penicillium cyclopium (Penicillium cyclopium), carboxyl position in the ester bond was not also determined at that time, after quiet several years, polymalic acid is rediscovered in slime mould (physarum polycephalum).The development of then several years polymalic acids almost is in lag phase, and Fischer in 1989 etc. find polymalic acid once more in slime mould (physarumpolycephalum) it is the inhibitor of archaeal dna polymerase α.Up to now, with Shimada, Fischer, Holler et al, Lee etc. are the foreign scholar of the representative performance to PMLA, and are synthetic and should be used as research more in depth, and β type polymalic acid has commerical prod, it is less relatively that China is studied in this respect, up in recent years just again the scholar the synthetic and performance of polymalic acid has been done basic research.Therefore strengthen the research of polymalic acid, make up the platform of the high molecular research of degradable biological, have important theory and be worth and using value.
Polymalic acid belongs to polyester polymer, is a kind of novel completely biodegradable macromolecular material.Biodegradable material is meant the polymer substance that degraded takes place by nature microorganism (bacterium, fungi etc.) effect.The product of this kind material degradation is nontoxic, can not produce secondary pollution to environment, and the development research of this macromolecular material has in recent years obtained develop rapidly.PMLA mainly contains three kinds of structures: i.e. α type, β type, γ type PMLA, unique people of being present in is intravital to have only β type PMLA.
As a kind of water-soluble fatty adoption ester, PMLA have height water-soluble, biocompatibility, biodegradability, Bioabsorbable, non-immunogenicity and can chemically derived property, PMLA is can be in the aqueous solution spontaneous or be the small molecules oxysuccinic acid by enzymatic degradation, and the oxysuccinic acid monomer can be absorbed by the body and without any side effects.Polymalic acid decompose or burning after, final product is carbonic acid gas and water, can be by plant absorbing, nontoxic to environment.Can connect much other groups on the carboxyl of PMLA, this special construction just because of PMLA, and the nontoxicity of PMLA and degraded product thereof and no antigen, so it has the purposes of very strong medicine aspect, can be used as pharmaceutical carrier and be used for research cardiovascular and the cerebral tumor aspect, also can be used as the biomedical materials such as bandage of microencapsulation material, biomedical material such as operating sutures and wound, burn treatment, be directly used in human body, because but the nontoxicity of polymalic acid and water-absorbent also can be used for materials such as cosmetic product and food product pack.
Pulullan polysaccharide is the by product in the Aureobasidium pullulans fermentative production polymalic acid process, and its existence can cause fermentation broth viscosity to increase, and the existence of what is more important pulullan polysaccharide can have a strong impact on the separation and Extraction of polymalic acid.
Pullulanase (Pullulanase, EC 3.2.1.41) is a kind of α-1 that can specificity cuts in the amylopectin tapping point, the 6-glycosidic link, thus cut whole side shoot, form the debranching factor of amylose starch.Pullulanase has important purposes in the food-processing industry that with starch is raw material, be because it can decompose the side chain of least unit, utilizes starch material to greatest extent.
The synthetic method of polymalic acid mainly contains two kinds of chemical method and microbe fermentation methods.Chemical synthesis is divided into two kinds of direct polymerization and ring-opening polymerizations (lactone open loop and lactide open loop) again.The direct polymerization method is under the condition of catalyzer to be that the monomer esterification of directly dewatering can get with the L MALIC ACID.Though this method is directly simple, product separates purifies easily, and productive rate is higher, and just the polymalic acid molecular weight is low, and temperature of reaction is higher, mostly is γ-PMLA, and actual application value is lower, and catalyzer is poisonous; The synthetic polymalic acid molecular weight of ring-opening polymerization method is than the direct polymerization height, and product is based on Beta-polymalic acid, and temperature of reaction is lower, but the more productive rate of this building-up process step is low, and it is loaded down with trivial details that intermediate product separates purification, and productive rate is low; The polymalic acid of biological approach preparation mainly is synthetic by microbial fermentation, discovers that at present Acarasiales (physarum polycephalum) and Aureobasidium pullulans (Aureobasidium Pullulan) have higher polymalic acid synthesis capability.Biosynthesizing PMLA has outstanding advantage, pass through microbial fermentation, product is the β type, the molecular weight of product height, the working condition gentleness, the generation product purity is higher, the PMLA molecular weight that microbial fermentation obtains can reach 200～760kDa, and chemical method synthetic molecular weight mostly is 174kDa most, but microbial fermentation production PMLA output is not high, the separation and purification difficulty, particularly in adopting Aureobasidium pullulans (Aureobasidium Pullulan) fermentative production polymalic acid process, the removal of fermentation byproduct pulullan polysaccharide is the major issue that can not be ignored during PMLA extracts always, also is the major reason that causes the PMLA production cost huge.Therefore, the removal of by product pulullan polysaccharide is one of subject matter of puzzlement Aureobasidium pullulans (Aureobasidium Pullulan) fermentative preparation PMLA always, needs to pay much attention to.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of method of utilizing the removal by product pulullan polysaccharide of effectively degrading in Aureobasidium pullulans (AureobasidiumPullulan) the fermentative production Beta-polymalic acid process is provided, realize Beta-polymalic acid fast, high efficiency extraction and purifying, improve the Beta-polymalic acid productive rate, reduce production cost.
The present invention solves this technical problem the technical scheme that is adopted:
The first step culture medium preparation
(1) strain activation and culture base: potato glucose agar medium (PDA): potato 200g/L, glucose 20g/L, agar 20g/L, pH 4.0～4.5,121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15min;
(2) seed culture medium: glucose 8%, ammonium succinate 0.3%, Succinic Acid 0.2%, K
2CO
30.04%, KH
2PO
40.01%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.01%, ZnSO
47H
2O 5 * 10
-4%, corn leaching solution 0.05%, CaCO
32% (sterilization separately), 4.5,121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15min of pH;
(3) fermention medium: glucose 12%, ammonium succinate 0.3%, Succinic Acid 0.2%, K
2CO
30.04%, KH
2PO
40.01%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.01%, ZnSO
47H
2O 5 * 10
-4%, corn leaching solution 0.05%, CaCO
33% (sterilization separately), 4.5,121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15min of pH;
The second step actication of culture
With slant strains---Aureobasidium pullulans (Aureobasidium Pullulan) switching PDA substratum, 25 ℃ of activation culture 3～5d;
The 3rd step seed culture is inoculated in the second step activatory slant strains in the 500mL triangular flask that the seed culture medium that the 100mL the first step makes is housed, and at 24～30 ℃, 120～180r/m cultivates 48～90h down;
The 4th step fermentation culture
The seed culture fluid that the 3rd step was made is inoculated in the fermention medium with 8～10% inoculum sizes, and at 24～30 ℃, 200r/m cultivates 7～12d down;
The 5th step separation and Extraction
(1) degraded of pulullan polysaccharide: get fermented liquid in the 4th step after the fermentation ends, centrifugal or remove by filter thalline, fermentation filtered liquid (supernatant liquor) pH regulator is to pH 5～pH 7, add Pullulanase 6～11plu/mL, under 30 ℃～60 ℃, slowly stir reaction 60min～90min;
(2) the preliminary extraction of Beta-polymalic acid: the fermented liquid in the 5th step (1) is cooled to room temperature, slowly stir, add anhydrous methanol and make that the methyl alcohol final concentration is 40%～60% (v/v) in the supernatant liquor, mixed solution slowly stirs to place under room temperature and spends the night, acquisition be precipitated as Beta-polymalic acid, with the precipitation of centrifugal acquisition, by 1: 10 (m: v) be dissolved in the distilled water, recentrifuge is removed the small molecules insolubles, and supernatant liquor gets the white powder Beta-polymalic acid through lyophilize.
The present invention compared with prior art, beneficial effect is: the first, use this preparation method to ferment and can obtain highly purified Beta-polymalic acid with the Aureobasidium pullulans bacterial classification; The second, use this method can effectively remove the by product pulullan polysaccharide, improve the extract yield of Beta-polymalic acid; The 3rd, owing to a step of by product pulullan polysaccharide removes, both improved production efficiency, reduce the production cost of Beta-polymalic acid, avoided again extracting the environmental problem that causes owing to a large amount of organic solvents of use in the operating process, reduce environmental pollution.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
The by product Propiram of removing as follows in the fermented liquid prepares Beta-polymalic acid:
The first step culture medium preparation
(1) strain activation and culture base: potato glucose agar medium (PDA): potato 200g/L, glucose 20g/L, agar 20g/L, pH 4.0～4.5,121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15min;
(2) seed culture medium: glucose 8%, ammonium succinate 0.3%, Succinic Acid 0.2%, K
2CO
30.04%, KH
2PO
40.01%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.01%, ZnSO
47H
2O 5 * 10
-4%, corn leaching solution 0.05%, CaCO
32% (sterilization separately), 4.5,121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15min of pH;
(3) fermention medium: glucose 12%, ammonium succinate 0.3%, Succinic Acid 0.2%, K
2CO
30.04%, KH
2PO
40.01%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.01%, ZnSO
47H
2O 5 * 10
-4%, corn leaching solution 0.05%, CaCO
33% (sterilization separately), 4.5,121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15min of pH;
The second step actication of culture
With slant strains---Aureobasidium pullulans (Aureobasidium Pullulan) switching PDA substratum, 25 ℃ of activation culture 3d～5d;
The 3rd step seed culture is inoculated in the second step activatory slant strains in the 500mL triangular flask that the seed culture medium that the 100mL the first step makes is housed, and at 24～30 ℃, 120～180r/m cultivates 48h～90h down;
The 4th step fermentation culture
The seed culture fluid that the 3rd step was made is inoculated in the fermention medium with 8～10% inoculum sizes, and at 24～30 ℃, 200r/m cultivates 7d～12d down;
The 5th step polymalic acid separation and Extraction
(1) degraded of pulullan polysaccharide: get fermented liquid in the 4th step after the fermentation ends, centrifugal or remove by filter thalline, fermentation filtered liquid (supernatant liquor) pH regulator is to pH 5, add the Pullulanase of 6plu/mL, under 60 ℃, slowly stir, reaction 90min removes pulullan polysaccharide with degraded;
(2) extraction of Beta-polymalic acid: the liquid cooling that the 5th step was obtained in (1) slowly stirs to room temperature, and progressively adding anhydrous methanol, to make the tool final concentration be 40% (v/v), and mixed solution slowly stirs to place under room temperature and spends the night.The centrifugal 10min of 5000r/m gets Beta-polymalic acid precipitation, will precipitate by 1: 10 that (m: v) be dissolved in the distilled water, remove the small molecules insolubles through the centrifugal 10min of 5000r/m once more, the supernatant liquor lyophilize must the white powder Beta-polymalic acid;
Embodiment two
In the present embodiment, transfer to pH6 according to the method for embodiment one at the 5th step fermentation filtered liquid (supernatant liquor) pH, add the Pullulanase of 8plu/mL, under 40 ℃, slowly stir, reaction 60min is with the degraded pulullan polysaccharide; This liquid is slowly stirred, dropwise add anhydrous methanol to its final concentration and reach 50%; Other is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment three
In the present embodiment, transfer to pH7 at the 5th step fermentation filtered liquid (supernatant liquor) pH, add the Pullulanase of 11plu/mL, under 30 ℃, slowly stir reaction 90min, degraded pulullan polysaccharide according to the method for embodiment one; This liquid is slowly stirred, dropwise add anhydrous methanol to its final concentration and reach 60%; Other is with embodiment 1.
Claims (7)
1. utilize enzyme process to remove the preparation method that pulullan obtains Beta-polymalic acid, may further comprise the steps:
The first step culture medium preparation
(1) strain activation and culture base: potato glucose agar medium (PDA): potato 200g/L, glucose 20g/L, agar 20g/L, pH 4.0～4.5,121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15min;
(2) seed culture medium: glucose 8%, ammonium succinate 0.3%, Succinic Acid 0.2%, K
2CO
30.04%, KH
2PO
40.01%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.01%, ZnSO
47H
2O5 * 10
-4%, corn leaching solution 0.05%, CaCO
32% (sterilization separately), 4.5,121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15min of pH;
(3) fermention medium: glucose 12%, ammonium succinate 0.3%, Succinic Acid 0.2%, K
2CO
30.04%, KH
2PO
40.01%, MgSO
47H
2O 0.01%, ZnSO
47H
2O 5 * 10
-4%, corn leaching solution 0.05%, CaCO
33% (sterilization separately), 4.5,121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15min of pH;
The second step actication of culture
With slant strains---Aureobasidium pullulans (Aureobasidium Pullulan) switching PDA substratum, 25 ℃ of activation culture 3d～5d;
The 3rd step seed culture
The second step activatory slant strains is inoculated in the 500mL triangular flask that the seed culture medium that the 100mL the first step makes is housed, and at 24～30 ℃, 120～180r/m cultivates 48～90h down;
The 4th step fermentation culture
The seed culture fluid that the 3rd step was made is inoculated in the fermention medium with 8%～10% (v/v) inoculum size, and at 24 ℃～30 ℃, 200r/m cultivates 7d～12d down;
The 5th step separation and Extraction
(1) degraded of pulullan polysaccharide: get fermented liquid in the 4th step after the fermentation ends, centrifugal or remove by filter thalline, fermentation filtered liquid (supernatant liquor) is regulated pH 5～7, add Pullulanase 6～11plu/mL, under 30 ℃～60 ℃, slowly stir reaction 60min～90min;
(2) extraction of Beta-polymalic acid: the fermented liquid in the 5th step (1) is cooled to room temperature, slowly stir, add that the methyl alcohol final concentration is 40%～60% (v/v) in the fermentation filtered liquid after anhydrous methanol makes enzymolysis, this mixed solution is slowly stirred the back placement under room temperature spend the night, the precipitation that obtains is the Beta-polymalic acid crude product, with the Beta-polymalic acid crude product by 1: 10 (m: v) be dissolved in the distilled water, centrifugal through 5000r/m, remove the small molecules insolubles, the vacuum concentration postlyophilization gets Beta-polymalic acid.
2. degraded pulullan polysaccharide according to claim 1 obtains the Beta-polymalic acid method, it is characterized in that, in the leaching process of Beta-polymalic acid, the fermentation filtered liquid adds the by product pulullan polysaccharide in the degradable fermented process of Pullulanase, extracts and obtains Beta-polymalic acid.
3. extract the method that obtains Beta-polymalic acid behind the degraded pulullan polysaccharide according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the fermentation filtered liquid transfers pH 5～pH 7 backs to add Pullulanase.
4. extract the method that obtains Beta-polymalic acid behind the degraded pulullan polysaccharide according to claim 1, tool is characterised in that the fermentation filtered liquid adds the Pullulanase of 6～11plu/mL, extracts and obtains Beta-polymalic acid.
5. extract the method that obtains Beta-polymalic acid behind the degraded pulullan polysaccharide according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the fermentation filtered liquid adds Pullulanase under 30 ℃～50 ℃, extracts and obtains Beta-polymalic acid.
6. extract the method for Beta-polymalic acid behind the degraded pulullan polysaccharide according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the fermentation filtered liquid adds Pullulanase, slowly stirs, and behind reaction 30min～90min, extracts and obtains Beta-polymalic acid.
7. extract to obtain the method for Beta-polymalic acid behind the degraded pulullan according to claim 1, adding methyl alcohol behind the filtered liquid that it is characterized in that the fermenting degraded pulullan, to make the methyl alcohol final concentration be that 40%～60% (v/v) is to obtain Beta-polymalic acid.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102120971A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-07-13 | 天津工业生物技术研究所 | Pullulanase-producing bacterium, heat-resisting pullulanase produced from same, and coding gene of pullulanase-producing bacterium |
| CN101979499B (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2012-11-14 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | Mutant aureobasidium pullulans TKPM00006 for massively producing beta-poly(malic acid) and culture method thereof |
| CN103045662A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-17 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | Fermentation medium for improving output and purity of beta-polymalic acid produced by zymotechnics |
| CN103103225A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-05-15 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | Method for preparing beta-polymalic acid of high purity |
| CN103709382A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-09 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | Alcohol-free extraction method of polymalic acid |
| CN107475308A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-12-15 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | The method of purification of polymalic acid in a kind of bio-fermented liquid |
| CN107557399A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-01-09 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | A kind of method for extracting β polymalic acids and pulullan polysaccharide simultaneously from bio-fermented liquid |
| CN110694099A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-01-17 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 | Mytilus edulis bionic adhesive based on polymalic acid and preparation method and application thereof |
| US10568839B2 (en) | 2011-01-11 | 2020-02-25 | Capsugel Belgium Nv | Hard capsules |
| US11319566B2 (en) | 2017-04-14 | 2022-05-03 | Capsugel Belgium Nv | Process for making pullulan |
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| CN101979499B (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2012-11-14 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | Mutant aureobasidium pullulans TKPM00006 for massively producing beta-poly(malic acid) and culture method thereof |
| CN102120971B (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2014-04-09 | 天津工业生物技术研究所 | Pullulanase-producing bacterium, heat-resisting pullulanase produced from same, and coding gene of pullulanase-producing bacterium |
| CN102120971A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-07-13 | 天津工业生物技术研究所 | Pullulanase-producing bacterium, heat-resisting pullulanase produced from same, and coding gene of pullulanase-producing bacterium |
| US10568839B2 (en) | 2011-01-11 | 2020-02-25 | Capsugel Belgium Nv | Hard capsules |
| CN103045662A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-17 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | Fermentation medium for improving output and purity of beta-polymalic acid produced by zymotechnics |
| CN103103225A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-05-15 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | Method for preparing beta-polymalic acid of high purity |
| CN103709382A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-09 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | Alcohol-free extraction method of polymalic acid |
| CN103709382B (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2016-04-20 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | A kind of nothing alcoholization extracting method of polymalic acid |
| US11319566B2 (en) | 2017-04-14 | 2022-05-03 | Capsugel Belgium Nv | Process for making pullulan |
| US11878079B2 (en) | 2017-04-14 | 2024-01-23 | Capsugel Belgium Nv | Pullulan capsules |
| US11576870B2 (en) | 2017-04-14 | 2023-02-14 | Capsugel Belgium Nv | Pullulan capsules |
| CN107475308A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-12-15 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | The method of purification of polymalic acid in a kind of bio-fermented liquid |
| CN107557399A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-01-09 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | A kind of method for extracting β polymalic acids and pulullan polysaccharide simultaneously from bio-fermented liquid |
| CN107557399B (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2021-05-28 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | Method for simultaneously extracting beta-polymalic acid and pullulan from biological fermentation broth |
| CN110694099B (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-10-01 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 | Mytilus edulis bionic adhesive based on polymalic acid and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110694099A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-01-17 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 | Mytilus edulis bionic adhesive based on polymalic acid and preparation method and application thereof |
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