CN101558709A

CN101558709A - Automatic cotton picking head

Info

Publication number: CN101558709A
Application number: CNA2009100991408A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈勇
Original assignee: Zhejiang YAT Electrical Appliance Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang YAT Electrical Appliance Co Ltd
Priority date: 2009-05-25
Filing date: 2009-05-25
Publication date: 2009-10-21
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-25
Also published as: CN101558709B

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic cotton picking head which comprises a motor, a wind pipe, a support seat and a rotating roller. The support seat is internally provided with a hollow spindle, the rotating roller is internally provided with a cotton picking mechanism, the hollow spindle is connected with the rotating roller and the cotton picking mechanism, the motor drives the rotating roller and the cotton picking mechanism to rotate, the cotton picking mechanism comprises two cotton picking parts which are symmetric along the cross section of the axis, each cotton picking part comprises a main picking roller, a driven roller and a transmission mechanism, one end of the rotating shaft I of the main picking roller is fixed on the hollow spindle by a bearing I, one side of the rotating shaft I, close to the hollow spindle, is provided with a transmission gear I which corresponds to the transmission mechanism, the two ends of the rotating shaft II of the driven roller are pressed tightly on the outer wall of the main picking roller by the pushing of an elastic mechanism so as to roll with friction, and the hollow spindle drives the transmission gear I by the transmission mechanism so as to realize opposite rotation of the main picking roller and the driven roller. The automatic cotton picking head has the advantages of high cotton picking efficiency, low impurity content, low picking power loss and increasing the reliability and the service life of the cotton picking head.

Description

Automatic cotton picking head

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of cotton-picker head of fully-automatic cotton picker.

Background technology

Small cotton picker is that is that all right a now ripe series products, a lot of designs all rest on the experimental stage, really can be in agricultural production the product of extensive use considerably less.The traditional mechanical cotton picker much adopts blower fan directly to draw cotton, though simple in structure, pick up rate is not high, the impurity content height.Also having a kind of mechanization cotton picker is that a large amount of rotation draw points is set on the swing roller, and the rotation pin twines cotton and rotation realizes plucking.Though this class machinery efficient height, complex structure, the cost height, the cotton of harvesting contains a large amount of impurity, needs the cooperation of large-scale scutching cotton equipment, is not easy to promote.The nearly section time machinery also occurred and has taken off the product that the cotton machine of following the wind send cotton knot to close, and can occur cotton in actual use and be entangled in cotton-picker head portion, or cottonseed is stuck between doffing roller, and cotton-wool is wrapped on the roller axle.It is key in whole cotton picker design that these problems fully expose the picking head design.It all is the one man operation that one class small cotton picker is arranged, and cotton all needs a harvesting, and the speed of harvesting is very limited, and labour intensity is big.

China national Department of Intellectual Property has announced one on September 24th, 2008 and has been called full-automatic cotton picking-up head, and notification number is CN201119304.According to its specification embodiment part in conjunction with Figure of description as can be known: the cotton device of plucking of this picking head comprises and plucks motor, plucks cotton belt, the belt support, separates screw rod, separates in the screw rod axle and separates the dividing plate composition, pluck the front end that cotton motor is located at body, the belt support links by belt drives axle and body, pluck cotton belt sleeve on the belt support, separate screw rod and be located between the belt support, pluck motor respectively by the belt drives gear with separate the screw rod gear and drive respectively and pluck cotton belt and separate screw rod.This picking head by pluck cotton device and extractor fan automation control realized cotton harvesting, take off cotton and carry a series of work of cotton, can to a certain degree improve the picking efficiency of cotton.

But still there is following deficiency in above-mentioned picking head:

1, the machine operation of picking head front need provide power supply for it, and this motor is mounted on the picking head of rotation, so must adopt certain rotation conductive structure is the motor power supply, when this type of conductive structure works long hours, easily wear out failure causes spark, conducts electricity problem such as bad, under the drying regime, spark also directly influences the harvesting safety of cotton;

2, picking head realizes that the structure of cotton picking is a belt composition, because cotton picking needs certain frictional force, belt must keep certain flexibility, in the process of plucking, unavoidably can be by hard cotton branch scraping, be difficult to guarantee long-time reliably working, the replacing frequency of belt also can be very high, and is very unfavorable to improving efficiency of equipment;

3, single picking head is just used two machine operation, and total is too complicated, and reliability is not easy control, and the working life of general motor is limited, and maintain and replace brings a lot of problems, and the motor of increase also can increase production cost, the waste more electric energy.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide automatic cotton picking head, it is low effectively to solve existing cotton-picker head picking efficiency, impurity content height, the problem that labour intensity is big.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: automatic cotton picking head, comprise motor and airduct, it is characterized in that: airduct import department connects supporting seat and swing roller successively, and motor is fixedlyed connected with airduct by supporting seat, is provided with hollow spindle in the supporting seat, be provided with the cotton picker structure in the swing roller, the cotton picker structure communicates with airduct by hollow spindle, and hollow spindle connects swing roller and cotton picker structure, and motor rotates by hollow spindle driven rotary cylinder and cotton picker structure.

Further, the cotton picker structure comprises two along the cotton parts of adopting of shaft section symmetry, each is adopted cotton parts and includes harvesting home roll, driven roller and transmission mechanism, rotating shaft I one end of plucking home roll is fixed on the hollow spindle by bearing I, rotating shaft I is provided with the travelling gear I corresponding with transmission mechanism near hollow spindle one side, the rotating shaft I other end is fixed on the swing roller, the rotating shaft II two ends of driven roller connect swing roller by elastic mechanism, elastic mechanism promotes driven roller and is pressed on to pluck on the sub-outer wall of home roll and carries out friction rolling, and hollow spindle drives the rotation in opposite directions that travelling gear I realizes plucking home roll and driven roller by transmission mechanism.

Further, transmission mechanism comprises by bearing I I and is fixed on planet pin on the hollow spindle, planet pin one end is provided with planetary gear, be provided with the ring gear corresponding in the supporting seat with planetary gear, the planet pin other end is provided with the travelling gear III corresponding with travelling gear I, hollow spindle drives planetary gear by planet pin and rotates on ring gear, realizes the transmission of travelling gear III to travelling gear I.

Further, hollow spindle is fixed in the supporting seat by bearing I II, is provided with oil sealing II between ring gear and the bearing I II.

Further, adopting cotton parts also comprises by bearing I V and is rotatably connected on screw rod on the swing roller, the side that harvesting home roll is fixed on swing roller is provided with travelling gear II, and screw rod is provided with corresponding travelling gear IV, and travelling gear II engaged transmission gear IV realizes that screw rod rotates.

Further, the outer wall of plucking home roll is two herringbone projectioies, and two herringbone head and the tail are corresponding.

Further, motor is provided with the motor gear of power output, and main shaft is provided with roller gear, is provided with the duplicate gear of transmission between motor gear and the roller gear, and motor gear rotates by duplicate gear, roller gear drive shaft.

Further, duplicate gear comprises a gear wheel and a pinion, gear wheel gearing motor gear, and the pinion roller gear is realized the deceleration transmission of motor gear to main shaft.

Further, be provided with oil sealing I between hollow spindle rear end and the airduct import department.

Further, adopt step labyrinth between hollow spindle front end and the supporting seat.

The present invention has been owing to adopted technique scheme, cotton picking efficient height, and impurity content is low, and it is low to pluck loss power, only needs a power input promptly to realize driving whole cotton-picker head work, the reliability and the service life of having improved cotton-picker head greatly.This automatic cotton picking head adopts the compound automatic cotton picking mode of negative pressure air draught with the combination of rotation picking head, utilize centrifugal fan in the casing of a constant volume, to produce negative pressure, by pipeline with suction function in cotton, ripe cotton-wool is stretched along the blast direction, whole automatic cotton picking head adopts the input of single action power, reduced fault rate significantly, horizontal rotation picking head can be in the cotton field free shuttling and do not stop rotation, pluck home roll and adopt double font roller cotton picking, simulate similar craft and adopt cotton intermittent grasping movement, do not destroy cotton plants after adopting cotton, pluck home roll with cotton-wool interlock and rotation, cotton is separated from the cotton holder thereupon, in pipeline sucks casing, adopt the negative pressure air draught that cotton is not being needed in the process of plucking through draught fan impeller, prevent that fan blade from interrupting velveteen, can realize repeatedly plucking, the service efficiency of raising equipment, actuating unit adopts the mechanical gear transmission, reduced the loss of power, gear adopts the steel gear, can improve the job stability of equipment like this, help increasing work efficiency, prolong the working life of equipment.

Description of drawings

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of automatic cotton picking head of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of cotton picker structure among the present invention;

Fig. 3 is for plucking the structural representation of home roll among the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the front view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the cutaway view of automatic cotton picking head of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is an I place structure enlarged diagram among Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is an II place structure enlarged diagram among Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is an III place structure enlarged diagram among Fig. 5;

Fig. 9 is for plucking the connection diagram of home roll and hollow spindle among the present invention;

Figure 10 is the connection diagram of planet pin among the present invention and hollow spindle;

Figure 11 is the structural representation of the whole transmission mechanism of the present invention;

The schematic diagram of Figure 12 during for automatic cotton picking head cotton picking of the present invention;

Figure 13 is the schematic diagram when the cotton picker structure is near cotton among the present invention;

Schematic diagram when Figure 14 bites cotton for cotton picker structure among the present invention;

Schematic diagram when Figure 15 makes cotton break away from cotton boll for cotton picker structure among the present invention;

Schematic diagram when Figure 16 sucks cotton fully for cotton picker structure among the present invention.

Embodiment

Extremely shown in Figure 16 as Fig. 1, be automatic cotton picking head of the present invention, comprise motor 1 and airduct 2, airduct 2 import departments connect supporting seat 3 and swing roller 4 successively, and motor 1 is fixedlyed connected with airduct 2 by supporting seat 3, is provided with hollow spindle 31 in the supporting seat 3, as shown in Figure 8, be provided with oil sealing I 36 between hollow spindle 31 rear ends and airduct 2 import departments, can prevent that dust and the branches and leaves in the airduct 2 from dropping in the bearing, improve the service life and the reliability of bearing; As shown in Figure 6, adopt step labyrinth that the external world is isolated between hollow spindle 31 front ends and the supporting seat 3, prevent that outside impurity from entering swing roller 4 inside and influencing transmission.Motor 1 is provided with the motor gear 11 of power output, hollow spindle 31 is provided with roller gear 33, be provided with the duplicate gear 34 of transmission between motor gear 11 and the roller gear 33, motor gear 11 drives hollow spindle 31 and rotates by duplicate gear 34, roller gear 33; Duplicate gear 34 comprises a gear wheel 341 and a pinion 342, gear wheel 341 gearing motor gears 11, pinion 342 mesh cylindrical gears 33, the deceleration transmission of 11 pairs of hollow spindles 31 of realization motor gear.

Swing roller 4 shaft sections are provided with two mouth-pieces 41, be provided with the cotton picker structure in the swing roller 4, the cotton picker structure communicates with airduct 2 by hollow spindle 31, hollow spindle 31 connects swing roller 4 and cotton picker structure, motor 1 drives hollow spindle 31, and motor 1 rotates by hollow spindle 31 driven rotary cylinders 4 and cotton picker structure.The cotton picker structure comprises two along the cotton parts of adopting of shaft section symmetry, each is adopted cotton parts and includes harvesting home roll 5, driven roller 6 and transmission mechanism 7, rotating shaft I 51 1 ends of plucking home roll 5 are fixed on the hollow spindle 31 by bearing I 52, rotating shaft I 51 is provided with the travelling gear I 53 corresponding with transmission mechanism 7 near hollow spindle 31 1 sides, rotating shaft I 51 other ends are fixed on the swing roller 4, rotating shaft II 61 two ends of driven roller 6 connect swing roller 4 by elastic mechanism, elastic mechanism comprises slide block 62 and spring 63, slide block 62 is pressed in the rotating shaft II61 end of driven roller 6, spring 63 1 ends prop up the inwall of swing roller 4, spring 63 other ends prop up slide block 62, elastic mechanism promotion driven roller 6 is pressed on harvesting home roll 5 outer walls carries out friction rolling, and hollow spindle 31 is by the rotation in opposite directions of transmission mechanism 7 drive travelling gear I, 53 realization harvesting home roll 5 and driven roller 6 and in mouth-piece 41 correspondences; It is corresponding that the outer wall of plucking home roll 5 is 55, two herringbones projection 55 head and the tail of two herringbone projectioies, and two herringbone projectioies 55 and driven roller 6 are rotated in opposite directions and be used to bite cotton.Transmission mechanism 7 comprises by bearing I I 72 and is fixed on planet pin 71 on the hollow spindle 31, planet pin 71 1 ends are provided with planetary gear 73, be provided with the ring gear 35 corresponding in the supporting seat 3 with planetary gear 73, planet pin 71 other ends are provided with the travelling gear III74 corresponding with travelling gear I 53, hollow spindle 31 drives planetary gear 73 by planet pin 71 and rotates on ring gear 35, realizes the transmission of travelling gear III74 to travelling gear I 53.Hollow spindle 31 is fixed in the supporting seat 3 by bearing I II32, as shown in Figure 7, be provided with oil sealing II 37 between ring gear 35 and the bearing I II32, oil sealing II 37 separates planetary gear 73 with bearing I II32, prevent that impurity from entering bearing I II32, improve service life and the reliability of bearing I II32, improved the air-tightness of automatic cotton picking head simultaneously.Adopting cotton parts also comprises by bearing I V82 and is rotatably connected on screw rod 8 on the swing roller 4, the side that harvesting home roll 5 is fixed on swing roller 4 is provided with travelling gear II 54, screw rod 8 is provided with corresponding travelling gear IV81, travelling gear II 54 engaged transmission gear IV81 realize that screw rod 8 rotates, whole screw rod 8 structures of adopting in the cotton process are in running order always, as long as there is cotton to enter swing roller 4, cotton is except being subjected to the blast effect, also be subjected to the impetus of screw rod 8, make cotton be sent to airduct 2 at once.The Machine Design of this automatic cotton picking head makes the selection face of power source widen, and main power source can adopt motor 1 to drive, and also can directly by power transmission shaft power be input to swing roller and cotton picker structure.

For transmission process of the present invention as follows:

The gear wheel 341 of the motor gear 11 engagement duplicate gears 34 of motor 1 power output, the roller gear 33 on the pinion 342 engagement hollow spindles 31 of duplicate gear 34, the deceleration transmission of 1 pair of hollow spindle 31 of realization motor; Hollow spindle 31 driven rotary cylinders 4 rotate and the planet pin 71 of cotton picker structure rotates, and the ring gear 35 of planetary gear 73 engagement supporting seats 3 rotates, and planet pin 71 is rotated around the axis of self by bearing I I 72; The rotation of planet pin 71 drives travelling gear III74 and rotates, travelling gear III74 drives travelling gear I 53 rotations with its engagement, realization is to plucking the speedup transmission of home roll 5, plucks home roll 5 and drives driven roller 6 by frictional force and rotate in opposite directions with it and be used to bite cotton; Travelling gear I 53 drives travelling gear II 54 by rotating shaft I 51 and rotates, travelling gear II 54 engaged transmission gear IV81 drive screw rod 8 and rotate, be above-mentioned planet pin 71, harvesting home roll 5, driven roller 6 and screw rod 8, not only rotation but also around the axis revolution of hollow spindle 31, adopting cotton parts along two of shaft section symmetry only needs an input power promptly can drive whole cotton-picker head work.

It is as follows that the present invention adopts cotton process:

As shown in figure 12, while the swing roller 4 of automatic cotton picking head rotates between cotton plants walks; When swing roller 4 comes close to or in contact with cotton, as shown in figure 13,, two of swing roller 4 exist blast, cotton just to be inhaled in the mouth-piece 41 because adopting cotton mouthful; When swing roller 4 turns an angle as shown in figure 14, cotton was plucked home roll 5 and driven roller 6 and was bitten this moment, and drew cotton inward, and the rotation of swing roller 4 simultaneously also can spin off cotton from cotton boll; When swing roller 4 continues to rotate to an angle as shown in figure 15, this moment, cotton broke away from cotton boll fully; When swing roller 4 is rotated further certain angle as shown in figure 16 again, this moment, cotton was plucked in the swing roller 4 fully.Whole screw rod 8 structures of adopting in the cotton process are in running order always, as long as there is cotton to enter swing roller 4, are subjected to the double action of blast and screw rod 8, and cotton can be sent to airduct 2 at once.

Claims

1, automatic cotton picking head, comprise motor (1) and airduct (2), it is characterized in that: described airduct (2) import department connects supporting seat (3) and swing roller (4) successively, described motor (1) is fixedlyed connected with airduct (2) by supporting seat (3), be provided with hollow spindle (31) in the described supporting seat (3), described swing roller is provided with the cotton picker structure in (4), described cotton picker structure communicates with airduct (2) by hollow spindle (31), described hollow spindle (31) connects swing roller (4) and cotton picker structure, and described motor (1) rotates by hollow spindle (31) driven rotary cylinder (4) and cotton picker structure.

2, automatic cotton picking head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cotton picker structure comprises two along the cotton parts of adopting of shaft section symmetry, described each adopt cotton parts and include and pluck home roll (5), driven roller (6) and transmission mechanism (7), rotating shaft I (51) one ends of described harvesting home roll (5) are fixed on the hollow spindle (31) by bearing I (52), described rotating shaft I (51) is provided with the travelling gear I (53) corresponding with transmission mechanism (7) near hollow spindle (31) one sides, described rotating shaft I (51) other end is fixed on the swing roller (4), rotating shaft II (61) two ends of described driven roller (6) connect swing roller (4) by elastic mechanism, described elastic mechanism promotion driven roller (6) is pressed on to pluck on home roll (5) outer wall carries out friction rolling, and described hollow spindle (31) drives the rotation in opposite directions that travelling gear I (53) realizes harvesting home roll (5) and driven roller (6) by transmission mechanism (7).

3, automatic cotton picking head according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described transmission mechanism (7) comprises by bearing I I (72) and is fixed on planet pin (71) on the hollow spindle (31), described planet pin (71) one ends are provided with planetary gear (73), be provided with the ring gear (35) corresponding in the described supporting seat (3) with planetary gear (73), described planet pin (71) other end is provided with the travelling gear III (74) corresponding with travelling gear I (53), described hollow spindle (31) drives planetary gear (73) by planet pin (71) and goes up rotation at ring gear (35), realizes the transmission of travelling gear III (74) to travelling gear I (53).

4, automatic cotton picking head according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described hollow spindle (31) is fixed in the supporting seat (3) by bearing I II (32), is provided with oil sealing II (37) between described ring gear (35) and the bearing I II (32).

5, automatic cotton picking head according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: describedly adopt cotton parts and also comprise by bearing I V (82) and be rotatably connected on screw rod (8) on the swing roller (4), the side that described harvesting home roll (5) is fixed on swing roller (4) is provided with travelling gear II (54), described screw rod (8) is provided with corresponding travelling gear IV (81), and described travelling gear II (54) engaged transmission gear IV (81) realizes that screw rod (8) rotates.

6, automatic cotton picking head according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the outer wall of described harvesting home roll (5) is two herringbone projectioies (55), and described two herringbone projectioies (55) head and the tail are corresponding.

7, automatic cotton picking head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described motor (1) is provided with the motor gear (11) of power output, described hollow spindle (31) is provided with roller gear (33), be provided with the duplicate gear (34) of transmission between described motor gear (11) and the roller gear (33), described motor gear (11) drives hollow spindle (31) and rotates by duplicate gear (34), roller gear (33).

8, automatic cotton picking head according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described duplicate gear (34) comprises a gear wheel (341) and a pinion (342), described gear wheel (341) gearing motor gear (11), described pinion (342) mesh cylindrical gear (33) is realized the deceleration transmission of motor gear (11) to hollow spindle (31).

9, automatic cotton picking head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with oil sealing I (36) between described hollow spindle (31) rear end and airduct (2) import department.

10, automatic cotton picking head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt step labyrinth between described hollow spindle (31) front end and the supporting seat (3).