CN101558326A - Wireless systems and methods for seismic data acquisition - Google Patents
Wireless systems and methods for seismic data acquisition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Systems and methods for acquiring seismic data are described, one system comprising one or more vibrators, one or more base stations, a land seismic data recording station, and a sensor system for acquiring and/or monitoring land-seismic sensor data, the sensor system comprising a plurality of sensor modules each comprising a seismic sensor, wherein the seismic sensors transmit at least a portion of the data to the one or more base stations which in turn transmit at least some data they receive to the recording station, and wherein all communication between the vibrators, base stations, recording station, and seismic sensors is completely wireless.
Description
Cross reference to related application
The application requires the right of priority under 35U.S.C. § 119 (e) at the U.S. Provisional Application sequence number 60/844633 of submission on September 14th, 2006, and requiring the right of priority under 35U.S.C. § 120 (14.0331) of the non-temporary patent application sequence number 11/683883 of the U.S. submitted on March 8th, 2007, its full content is incorporated into this by reference.
Technical field
The present invention relates to seismic data acquisition system and the field that utilizes its method.More particularly, the present invention relates to be used for during the ground-based earthquake survey, effectively collecting the system and method for geological data.
Background technology
Land earthquake (land seismic) is obtained and is intended to catch acoustic energy and the elastic energy of propagating by underground (subsurface).This energy can be generated by the source, one or more ground (surface) such as vibration source (Vib.).Vib. generates by the earth and propagates into pressure signal in the lower floor (subsurface layer) differently.Here, by with subterranean layer in tectonic structure interact and to form elastic wave.Elastic wave is a feature with the variation and the particle displacement of the local stress in the subterranean layer, and this particle displacement is in the plane identical with wave front basically.Sound wave and elastic wave are also known as pressure wave and shearing wave.Sound wave and elastic wave are referred to as seismic wave field.
Underground structure can be being feature such as density, compressibility and porous physical parameter.The variation of these parameter values is called as acoustic difference (contrast) or elastic difference, and can represent the variation in the subterranean layer (it can comprise hydrocarbon).When sound wave or elastic wave experience acoustic difference or elastic difference, a part of ripple is with reflected back ground, and another part ripple will conduct in the branch of underground more deep.The motion sensor (being used for Displacement Measurement, speed or acceleration, as seismoreceiver, accelerometer etc.) that the elastic wave on arrival ground, land can be positioned in the land measures.The elastic wave measurement at place, ground, land can be used to generate underground detailed image (comprising the quantitative evaluation such as the physical characteristics of density, compressibility, poriness etc.).This realizes by the appropriate processing to geological data.
Seismic sensor unit typically also is included as digitizing and writes down the required electronic installation of geological data.In a known embodiments, each sensor unit all is connected to land earthquake cable, and it is connected to surface car via cable or such as the register instrument on other surface facility of platform.Land earthquake cable provides electric power and is used for transmitting to gauging instrument the means of record and digitized seismic signal.The land earthquake is to guarantee to find and effectively produce both key players of hydrocarbon.Yet as generally carrying out now, the land earthquake need be extensive use of cable and connect sensor network, to generate the image of underground.The activity such as transporting, lay and reeling that relates to cable may comprise 50% of the total logistics activity that reaches.And cable and connector may account for above 30% of uphole equipment total cost.The problem such as short circuit, open circuit and intermittent problem that relates to cable and connector may be reduced nearly effective acquisition time of 50%.Cable may be introduced the security risk for field personnel (field crews), other people and animal, and may destroy environment because of staying the operation vestige.And final, cable may limit the degree of freedom of laying sensor with unconventional pattern by new.
When carrying out the land earthquake, made great efforts to reduce the use cable.For example, wireless land seismic system and method are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 7124028, No.6219620 and No.6070129.In some known embodiments, radiofrequency signal is used for transmitting geological data from a plurality of seismoreceivers to the intermediate collection node, this intermediate collection node then transmits the data of collecting via wireless radiofrequency, cable or optical fiber to central control station.In more embodiments recently (as disclosed in ' 028 patent), do not use collector node, and opposite, seismoreceiver comprises the assembly of realizing the short-distance wireless telecommunication by hop-by-hop (hop-to-hop) communication mode between seismoreceiver.
The application number 20060247505 that the U.S. announces discloses a kind of sensing system that is used in particular for medical usage, and it allows from any remote location monitoring sensor data.Its emphasis is for moving nonessential stay at home or user's (being typically the medical patient) of other single position (as hospital ward) offers an opportunity.The user of this sensing system and external entity can the monitoring sensor data, and the communication link between this user and the first-aid personnel can be provided.This sensing system comprises the sensor assembly with sensor, with first Radio Link, this first Radio Link wirelessly transmits the data from sensor sample to mobile communications device (as cell phone or personal digital assistant PDA), and this mobile communications device has reception from the data of this sensor assembly and wirelessly transmit second Radio Link of these data to server.This first Radio Link can comprise the wireless communication protocol of selecting from the group of radio communication agreement, magnetic induction agreement and wireless personal area network protocol (WPAN).This second Radio Link can comprise the wireless communication protocol of selecting from the group of GSM standard, GPRS, GPS, 3G, WIFI (801.11), WiMAX and radio communication agreement.When the problem of previously known medical monitoring system is discussed, the inventor mentions similar defective and also is applicable to other data-acquisition system, as environmental monitoring system, and earthquake monitoring system, yet, do not exist about seismic sensor system or obtain the further of geological data to disclose, instruct or suggestion.As network dictionary (Network Dictionary) (for example, referring to
Http:// www.networkdictionary.com/wireless/WirelessDataNetworkin g .phpThe wireless data networking of discussing and the separating treatment of mobile wireless thereof) list of references in, prove that for example by its separating treatment, the mobile wireless technology has realized the state that separates with the wireless data networking.
Although obtain the use that has existed some relevant wireless datas to send in the field at the land geological data, but still have room for improvement aspect robustness, scalability, cost and the effect.The present invention is devoted to seek one or more in these aspects.
Summary of the invention
According to the present invention, wireless system and the method shortcoming, that be used to obtain the land geological data that reduce or overcome previously known wireless system and method aspect one or more in robustness, scalability, cost and effect have been described.System and method of the present invention allows more effectively to obtain the land geological data, for instance, as at exploration or the existing duration of storage of monitoring, obtain 3-D and 4-D land geological data at underground oily reservoir (hydrocarbon-bearing reservoir).Electromagnetic signal can be used to sensor unit and/or from sensor unit transmit data, delivering power, with and/or receive instruction with the operation sensor unit.
A first aspect of the present invention is a kind of land seismic data acquisition system, and this system comprises:
One or more Vib.s,
One or more base stations,
The seismic data recording station,
And sensing system, this sensing system is used to obtain and/or monitors land seismic sensor data and send this data to described one or more base stations, this sensing system comprises a plurality of sensor assemblies, each sensor assembly all comprises a seismic sensor, wherein, the whole communications between Vib., base station, recording station and the seismic sensor are wireless fully.System of the present invention is characterised in that and comprises radio data network, wherein, this radio data network comprises seismic sensor, this seismic sensor sends at least a portion of described data to described one or more base stations by first Radio Link, described one or more base station sends at least some data that they receive by second Radio Link to recording station then, as further specifying at this.And as further specifying at this, recording station does not need on land, and does not need to maintain static.For example, recording station can be from fixedly land vehicle, mobile land vehicle, fixedly select marine vessel, mobile marine vessel and the mobile aircraft such as helicopter, dirigible or aircraft.
As used herein, term " wireless fully " means between each sensor unit, does not exist between each Vib., between each base station, between any sensor unit and the base station, between any sensor unit and the data recording station, between any sensor unit and any Vib., between any Vib. and the data recording station, between any Vib. and any base station etc. wired, fiber (comprising optical fiber) or other physical communication to be connected.Yet this does not get rid of in for example same vibration area possibility of the physical connection between two Vib.s.
As further illustrative at this, the base station can be orientated as strategicly covers predetermined sensor module group.In these embodiments, each group sensor assembly can be via mesh topology and/or with the mode (also being called multi-hop at this) of hop-by-hop relay data wirelessly.Can also use Star topology and other topology, but mesh topology will generate maximum redundancy.Between each base station and data recording station (for example, the record car), can directly transmit geological data from the base station to recording station.In system of the present invention, sensor assembly can closely separate jointly toward each other, for example, scope from 1 meter up to about 10 meters distance.Because the distance between the sensor assembly is shorter relatively, so multi-hop can be avoided uneven landform or comprise potential radio communication (RF, microwave, infrared ray) problem in the landform of man-made obstructions.Be known that for separating the some A that reaches big distance and putting between the B and wirelessly transmit data compare with the direct wireless communication between an A and the some B, the relaying between a plurality of places between A and the B will consume still less energy.
System among the present invention comprises with the lower part, comprise first Radio Link, this first Radio Link wirelessly transmits from the geological data of seismic sensor sampling to base station (it can be to move or non-moving communicator), this base station has second Radio Link, this second Radio Link receives the geological data from sensor assembly, and landwards this geological data is wirelessly transmitted at the seismic data recording station, described one or more Vib. has the 3rd Radio Link, and the 3rd Radio Link receives and wirelessly transmits vibrator data (as status information) from the order at seismic data recording station, land and to this seismic data recording station, land.As used herein, term " moves " when being used to describe a device, comprises handheld apparatus and can be worn at device on the human body, for example, is worn on the belt, is placed in the pocket, is placed on the medium device of wallet.And do not mean that comprise as the buildings that could move with very big strength or cabin or with less strength with regard to the object that in fact can be moved the mobile desk-top computer.
In the particular system embodiment, first Radio Link can be selected from any wireless personal-area network (WPAN) communication protocol.The second and the 3rd Radio Link can be selected from any wireless communication protocol of supporting point-to-multipoint (PMP) broadband wireless access independently.These agreements can include, but are not limited to ieee standard 802.16 (being sometimes referred to as WiMax (micro-wave access global inter communication) standard), ieee standard 802.20 etc.The second and the 3rd Radio Link can use identical or different agreement.
Specific land of the present invention seismic data acquisition system can be utilized permission between sensor assembly, Vib., base station and recording station or the only Radio Link and the equipment of broadcast (audio frequency, video, alphanumeric shuffling, numeral, simulation and combination thereof) between sensor assembly.This message can and be used to range observation and clock alignment by time mark.This communication network can also be used to transferring status data and/or quality control (QC).
A second aspect of the present invention comprises obtains the land geological data method of (comprising that time-delay land geological data obtains), and this method may further comprise the steps:
A) wirelessly start one or more Vib.s from recording station, this Vib. generates one or more vibration signals by the land area;
B) utilize the sensing system that is positioned on the described land area to measure the land geological data of reflection, this sensing system comprises a plurality of sensor assemblies, and each sensor assembly all comprises a seismic sensor;
C) from described a plurality of sensor assemblies at least some to this geological data of one or more base station radios ground transmission;
D) wirelessly send at least some data that receive by described one or more base stations to recording station; And
E) repeating step (a) arrives (d) alternatively.
Other method of the present invention comprises that passive listening exploration (wherein not using vibration source) and electromagnetism (EM) survey, and wherein one or more in these sensor units comprise one or more EM sensors.
As used herein, " exploration " refer on the survey area that is limited, to obtain the single continuous time of geological data (it can be simultaneously, sequentially or with to a certain degree time-interleaving ground take place); Same or the same section that multiple exploration means survey area repeats but the exploration of separation (time-delay) in time.In the context of the present invention, the period is obtained in the earthquake that single seismic survey can also refer to be limited, and wherein, controllably focus is not active (it also alternatively is called as, and passiveseismic is intercepted or microearthquake is surveyed).
Compare with the system and method for previously known, utilize the system and method for system of the present invention to make it possible to more effectively obtain land data (comprising time-delay).By reading description of drawings, the specific embodiment of the present invention and claims, it is more apparent that these and other feature will become.
Description of drawings
In following description and accompanying drawing, be illustrated wherein realizing purpose of the present invention and other mode of wishing feature, wherein:
Fig. 1 illustration the simplified plan view of system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 schematically illustration the radio communication between the assembly of system of the present invention; And
Fig. 3-4 schematically illustration when putting into practice system and method for the present invention useful prior art communication topology.
Yet, it should be noted that accompanying drawing is drawn in proportion, and only illustration exemplary embodiment of the present invention, therefore should not be considered as limitation of the scope of the invention, for the present invention, can allow other equivalent embodiment.
Embodiment
In the following description, set forth numerous details so that the understanding of the present invention to be provided.Yet it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that is not having can to put into practice the present invention under the situation of these details yet, and according to many modification of described embodiment or to revise all be possible.
The present invention relates in complete wireless system and the method for obtaining the system that utilization is invented aspect the geological data of land.Principal character of the present invention is to eliminate all leads, cable and the fiber that is used for communicating by letter between Vib., seismic sensor, base station and recording station basically.This does not for example get rid of in recording station equipment and Vib. and lead, cable or fiber (as optical fiber) to be used for power supply, and fastens cable having to use as required under the condition of wind.
Wireless system of the present invention and method are with respect to the improvement of the system and method that lead or optical fiber are used to communicate by letter aspect one or more in robustness, scalability, cost and effect.System and method of the present invention allows more effectively to obtain the land geological data, for instance, as at exploration or the existing duration of storage of monitoring at underground oily reservoir, obtains 3-D and 4-D land geological data.Electromagnetic signal can be used to sensor unit and/or from sensor unit transmit data, delivering power, with and/or receive instruction with the operation sensor unit.
Fig. 1 illustration the rough schematic view of land of the present invention seismic data acquisition system.The zone 2 that surveys can have the physical barrier for the direct wireless communication between for example recording station 14 (it can be the record car) and the Vib. 4a.Can adopt a plurality of Vib. 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, and a plurality of sensor unit grid (grid) 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e and 6f, its each can have a plurality of sensor units 8.As shown in Figure 1, for example, can be around the base station 10 about 24-28 sensor unit 8 be set in its vicinity.Can change widely according to the survey target number with the quantity of each 10 sensor associated unit 8, base station, yet, communication construction because different assemblies between (in this discussion, particularly with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4), this quantity should be less than requirement in the previously known system.Circle 12 expressions are for the approximate range of receiving of each base station 10.For each base station, this scope can be identical or different.
Obtaining and/or monitor, can adopt the system that utilizes a plurality of sensor units 8 shown in Figure 1 for the land seismic sensor data in zone 2 and when these data are transmitted in one or more base stations 10.As defined term in this article, the whole communications between Vib. 4, base station 10, recording station 14 and the seismic sensor 8 are wireless fully.Alternatively, system of the present invention can be described to comprise radio data network, for instance, be schematically shown as Fig. 2, wherein, this radio data network comprises a plurality of seismic sensors 8, and these seismic sensors are by at least a portion of first Radio Link 9 geological data that they sense to 10 transmission of one or more base stations, and these base stations are transmitted at least some data that they receive by second Radio Link 16 to recording station 14 again.Can send order from recording station 14 to Vib. 4 by Radio Link 18, up to the degree of swap data between Vib. 4 and recording station 14, Radio Link 18 can also be regarded as the part of radio data network.
First Radio Link 9 can be characterized as wireless personal-area network (WPAN)." WPAN " is the personal area network (PAN) that utilizes wireless connections.WPAN is current to be used in shorter scope such as the communication between the device of phone, computing machine and their annex and personal digital assistant.The effective range of PAN (reach) is typically within about 10 meters.These agreements can comprise, but be not limited to Bluetooth (the Bluetooth SIG in State of Washington Bellevue city, the authentication registration sign of Inc.), ZigBee (the authentication registration sign of the ZigBee Alliance Corporation in California Sheng Leimeng city), ultra broadband (Ultra-wideband) (UWB), IrDA (service mark of the Infrared Data Association Corporation in Wal, California nanotesla Ke Like city), HomeRF (registered trademark of the HomeRF Working GroupUnincorporated Association California in San Francisco city) etc.Bluetooth is the most widely-used technology for WPAN communication.Each technology is all at special-purpose, application or field optimization.Although in some aspects, some technology may be regarded as competition aspect the WPAN space, and they are complimentary to one another usually.
IEEE 802.15 working groups are the tissues that are used to define the WPAN technology.Except the 802.15.1 based on the Bluetooth technology, IEEE has proposed two additional categories: low rate 802.15.4 (TG4 is also known as ZigBee) and the two-forty 802.15.3 (TG3 is also known as ultra broadband or UWB) of WPAN in 802.15.TG4 ZigBee provides at data speed family's control type of low-power and low-cost solution, 20Kbps or 250Kbps.TG3UWB support at multimedia application, the data speed of scope from 20Mbps to 1Gbps.In table 1, recorded and narrated principal character as the WPAN technology of regulation in IEEE 802.15.
Table 1, wireless personal-area network's feature
*
| Parameter | Bluetooth(IEEE 802.15.1) | UWB(IEEE 802.15.3) | ZigBee(IEEE?802.15.4) |
| Use | Computing machine and accessories apparatus computing machine are to COMPUTER CALCULATION machine and other digital device | Content of multimedia transmits, high-resolution radar, ground penetrating radar, wireless sensor network, radio positioning system | Family's control building automation industrial automation household safe medical monitoring |
| Frequency band | 2.4-2.48GHz | 3.1-10.6GHz | 868MHz 902-928MHz 2.4-2.48GHz |
| Scope | ～10 meters | ～10 meters | ～100 meters |
| The maximum data transfer rate | 3Mbps | 1Gbps | 20Kbps 40Kbps 250Kbps |
| Modulation | GFSK、2PSK、 DQSP、8PSK | OPSK、BPSK | BPSK(868/928MHz) OPSK(2.4GHz) |
*From networkdictionary.com, visit on November 8th, 2006
Http:// www.networkdictionary.com/wireless/WPAN.php? PHPSESSID =354101c49bc9d97659791acaecddca16
In wired communication system, mesh network topologies is a kind of network architecture of key, wherein device be connected such as the many redundant interconnections between the network node of router and switch (referring among the networkdictionary.com about the definition of mesh topology).In utilizing the wired communication system of mesh topology, if then there are the many alternate manners that are used to communicate by letter at two nodes in any cable or node failure.Though increased the convenience of discovery and handling failure significantly and increased reliability significantly, the wired network mesh network uses a large amount of cables because of them costliness is installed.As a rule, in wired communication system, will use mesh topology, to form mixed topology in conjunction with other topology (as star, annular and bus).Some WAN frameworks (as the Internet) adopt netted route.Therefore, even website communication also can be realized at durante bello in the Internet.
There is two types mesh topology: full mesh (describing) and local netted (describing) as Fig. 4 as Fig. 3.Full-mesh topology has at each node and occurs when it is connected to the circuit of each other node in the network.In cable network, realize that full-mesh topology is very expensive, but generate the redundancy of maximum that therefore, under the situation about breaking down in those nodes, network service also can be pointed to any in other node.It is standby that full-mesh topology is generally backbone network.For local mesh topology, by some nodes of full mesh decision organization, and other node only is connected to one or two node in the network.Local mesh topology is based upon in the perimeter network that is connected to the full mesh trunk usually.Usually, realize that it is not too expensive, and generate the redundancy of lacking than full-mesh topology.
In the system and method for the present invention, owing to utilize the wireless character of the communication of radio data network framework, though therefore redundancy, robustness and dirigibility have all increased, cost has reduced.As shown in the full-mesh topology of Fig. 3, sensor 8a-8h can directly wirelessly communicate by letter with each other sensor by a plurality of direct Radio Links 20.In other embodiments, for instance, as shown in the local mesh topology of Fig. 4, sensor 8a can only directly wirelessly communicate by letter with sensor 8b, 8c and 8g by radio communication 20, and by wireless communication link 22 and sensor 8d, 8e, 8f and 8h indirect communication.
Can from any wireless communication protocol of supporting point-to-multipoint (PMP) broadband wireless access, select the second and the 3rd Radio Link (that is, as the correspondingly illustrative link 16 of Fig. 2 and 18) separately.These agreements can include, but are not limited to IEEE 802.16 (being sometimes referred to as WiMax (worldwide interoperability for microwave access) standard), IEEE 802.20 etc.The IEEE wireless standard has the scope up to 30 miles (48Km) at present, and can not limit but the present invention is such with about p.s.s 75 of megabit realization broadband at present.These fast 20 times in theory than the obtainable WiMAX of commerce.For example, referring to
Http:// www.tutorial-reports.com/wireless/wimax/tutorial.phpIn discussion, it is as at the reference of following discussion.
IEEE 802.16WiMax standard announces in March, 2002, and the lastest imformation about Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) (MAN) technology is provided.The expansion expansion of content that in announcing in March, 2002, provides only focus on sight line (line-of-sight) the fixed wireless MAN standard of 10GHz to the frequency spectrum of 60+GHz.This expansion content provides is visiting as the non-sight line under the lower band of 2GHz-11GHz.These frequency bands are unauthorized sometimes.It also has been advanced to 50 miles (50 to 80Km) with ultimate range from 31 miles, and supports PMP (point to point) and mesh topology technology.IEEE has passed through 802.16 standards in June, 2004.WiMax can be used to wireless networking, as popular WiFi.WiMax as second generation agreement allows higher data rate on longer distance, effective utilized bandwidth, and will disturb and almost eliminate minimum.WiMax can be called the successor for the Wi-Fi agreement to a certain extent, and this Wi-Fi agreement is measured by foot, and works on than short distance.
As what use in the environment that obtains geological data in system of the present invention, can compare with Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) (MAN) in seismic sensor and base station, as what provide in being sometimes referred to as 802.16 standards of fixed wireless.In fixed wireless, the trunk of base station is connected to public network.As utilize the MAN, many " fixed-line subscriber station " (sensor unit 8) all supported in each base station 10, itself and public WiFi focus (hot spot) or fire wall enterprise network are similar.Base station 10 working medium access control (MAC) layer, and according to " user " (sensor unit 8) separately need be to them assignment up-link and downlink bandwidth.This is basically in real time need.The MAC layer is to make the interoperable common interface of network.In the future, can expect 802.11 focuses by the 802.16MAN main frameization.These will be as WLAN (wireless local area network) (LAN) and direct service terminal user.
WiMax has two main topologys, and wherein any may be used in the system and method for the present invention, that is, and and at the point-to-point of backhaul (backhaul) with at the point-to-multipoint base station of subscriber station.In in these situations each, can use multi-input/output antenna.Among Fig. 5 illustration the protocol architecture of IEEE 802.16 broadband wireless MAN standards.Fig. 5 (from
Javvin.Com) show four layers: convergence, MAC, transmission and physics.These layers map to two in the bottom, the physical and datalink layer of osi model.
Use the WiMax agreement to provide many users to use and interface to system and method for the present invention and their terminal user, for example, Ethernet, TDM, ATM, IP and VLAN.IEEE 802.16 standards are enough general, thereby adapt to Time Division Multiplexing or Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) (FDD) configuration, and allow full duplex or half-duplex terminals both.
IEEE 802.16 supports three Physical layers.Mandatory physical mode is 256-point FFTOFDM (OFDM).Other pattern is single carrier (SC) and 2048OFDMA (OFDM visit) pattern.Corresponding European standard-ETSI Hiperman standard definition with the identical single PHY pattern of 256OFDM pattern in the 802.16d standard.
MAC is developed and is used for point-to-multipoint accessing wirelessly environment and can adapts to agreement as ATM, Ethernet and IP (Internet Protocol).Mac frame is according to the dynamic uplink and the downlink protocol subclass (profile) of link condition structure terminal.This need weigh between capacity and robustness.MAC uses adjustable length protocol Data Unit, and it has increased standard performance.A plurality of Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Units can be sent as single one physical stream, to prevent overload.And, can send a plurality of service data units (SDU) together to save mac header system overhead (header overhead).By segmentation, can send mass data (SDU) across frame boundaries, and can guarantee the QoS (service quality) of competitive service.MAC uses and self revises bandwidth request scheme, postpones to avoid system overhead and to confirm.In the system and method for the present invention, this feature can also allow to handle than the better QoS of the system and method for previously known.Terminal has multiple choices, with according to QoS and other parameter request bandwidth.Can this request signal of poll or can attach affirmation (piggyback) request.
In the system and method for the present invention, the 802.16MAC agreement can performance period property and aperiodicity activity.Very fast activity (periodically) as arrangement, grouping, segmentation and ARQ may be urged (hard-pressed) in time, and may have the strict deadline date.They must be carried out in single frame.On the other hand, slow activity can be carried out based on predetermined timer, but is not associated with any timer.They do not have specific time frame or deadline date yet.
Similarity and difference (employing) in first wireless and the second and the 3rd Radio Link that table 2 relatively can use in the system and method for the present invention from Javvin.com.
The comparable characteristics of table 2, first and second Radio Link
| Parameter | WiMax | WLAN | Bluetooth |
| Frequency | 2GHz-11GHz | 2.4GHz | Change |
| Scope | ～31 miles (50 km) | ～100 meters | ～10 meters |
| Data transfer rate | 70mbps | 11-55mbps | 20-55mbps |
| The user | 1000 | ＞10 | ＞10 |
802.11 based on distributed structure/architecture, and WiMax is based on central control architecture.At this, be present in scheduler in the base station (BS) and have control wireless medium access.WiMax can support and one group of multiple connection that qos parameter is consistent, and the bag classifier ability is provided, and uses and interface to map the connections to all multi-users.
Some embodiment of system and method for the present invention can use the radio data network based on the agreement of upgrading (IEEE 802.20).As 802.16 standards, this standard is intended at the wireless high-speed connectivity as the mobile consumer devices of cell phone, PDA and laptop computer.IEEE 802.20 mobile broadband wireless visits working group is developing the air interface standard that is used for the mobile BWA system of operating in the licensed band that is lower than 3.5GHz.It reaches each user of 250km/ hour to the speed of a motor vehicle and surpasses the peak data rate of 1Mb/s as target.This to of the present invention, for example utilize system to come in handy except the mobile data recording station (for example locomotive, aircraft or helicopter) the fixing recording station.Utilize the system and method for this standard in the 500MHz-3.5GHz scope, to operate.At present, this agreement is provided by the QUALCOMM Flarion Technologies in New Jersey Bei Deminsite city and the ArrayComm in San Jose city.
System and method of the present invention can comprise provides a plurality of aerial signals to handle (MAS) software architecture, to realize adopting the second and/or the 3rd Radio Link of WiMAX.The WiMAX protocol subset is supported AAS (AAS) and is adopted many inputs of baseline form/many output (MIMO) frameworks.Such as by use from ArrayComm, commercial mark is known as the MAS embodiment of the product of " A-MAS ", can strengthen baseline MIMO by the further reduction of basic interference.General mimo system provides link robustness and strengthens Point-to-Point Data speed by repeatedly sending signal and/or sending a plurality of signals.There is not initiatively to alleviate under the situation of interference these additional costs that cause for the signal-to-noise ratio reduction of co-channel users in other sub-district (cell) that send.Be that (wherein, their first business success of MIMO technology experience in) the single cell environment, the interference of this increase does not have adverse effect in representative with the WLAN.In networked systems (wherein, same frequency spectrum resource is shared in a plurality of sub-districts) such as WiMAX, even it can improve the link for the certain user, but the interference that increases also deterioration network capacity and overall quality of service.Also prevent to use the MIMO technology to increase data rate outside the cell centre.By combination AAS technology and MIMO in our A-MAS solution, can in each sub-district of network, realize the benefit of MIMO, simplify the network planning and the operator is provided reliable improvement in performance.A-MAS software can be used as comprehensive core operation, perhaps as DSP code operation embedded in the public ASIC framework that is integrated into by modular interface in the client device physical.Space scale is accurately controlled and is only dropped into the radio energy (or receiving sensitivity) that it really needs such as the method that software product adopted of the product that is known as A-MAS.The array of this software-driven client terminal device, base station or the two or more antennas on both, principle to the coherent combination of radiowave is carried out leverage (leverage), producing focus, and there is not energy (sensitivity) for the cochannel interference source for take over party's's (transmit leg) of hope transmission energy (or receiving sensitivity).As the application in the method and system situation of invention, A-MAS enabled base stations and sensor unit can by utilize a plurality of antennas obtain the advantage that might gain: the link budget from variation and portfolio premium improves, together with from the client data speed and the overall network capacity benefits that initiatively alleviate interference and spatial reuse.
System and method of the present invention solves or has reduced and the problem that is associated based on the system based on the sensor unit land seismic system of cable or previously known, that be used to obtain time-delay land geological data, that is, and and cost, power and data transmission issues.
The land sensor unit that can use in the present invention and can be included in the autonomous generator unit that the electric power of the battery charge in sensor unit is provided under the situation about not relying on from the charging power of external device (ED) except comprising survey sensor, high precision clock, low power electronics device, long-life batteries and memory assembly.
Sensor unit can remain on the land or remove therefrom between seismic survey.During the section, autonomous electrification component (if existence) will produce enough electric power so that automatic power supply is recharged at one's leisure, and this automatic power supply can be one or more rechargeable batteries, one or more capacitors etc.Battery and capacitor can be based on any chemical property, as long as their self-sufficient reaching wish the duration that this duration can be that some months arrives several years.Can use such as can be from SAFT, Bagnolet, France obtains, trade name is known as the battery or the electric battery of those batteries of " Li-ion VL45E ".Another alternative example is as electric power storing device with capacitor.Capacitor is less and have higher memory capacity, as visiting on November 7th, 2006
Http:// web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2006/batteries-0208.htmlMIT NewsOffice in the communique " Researchers fired up over newbattery " on February 8th, 2006, discuss, it is incorporated into this by reference.And sensor unit of the present invention can be arranged on during the no operation time period under " sleep " pattern, to preserve energy.
" autonomous generating " assembly is distinguished mutually with " automatic power supply ".As used herein, phrase " autonomous generating " is optional for sensor unit of the present invention, but it is the feature of highly wishing, and refer to one or more assemblies of allowing automatic power supply completely or partially to regenerate, recharge or fill, purpose is that seismic sensor unit can remain on the land between seismic survey.Though this can be transported to seismic sensor unit with electric power by vehicle in theory, this is the process of slow and trouble.Opposite is that sensor unit of the present invention can comprise the device that extracts electric power from their home environment, is sometimes referred to as energy harvesting (harvesting).The example of suitable autonomous electrification component comprises can use those assemblies that can be transformed into the wind energy, sun power etc. of electric energy by known energy conversion means.Automatic power supply (for example, battery) can recharge during the period between the seismic survey, and seismic survey can be at some months and between one to two year, and can carry out anywhere.
The sensor that can use in the present invention can be a separated sensor, or the group of two or more sensors.A kind of appropriate sensor group is to comprise that three seismoreceivers or accelerometer, that can obtain from WesternGeco LLC, brand name is known as the sensor groups of " 4C Sensor ".
The sensor unit that can use in the present invention can also comprise the electronic apparatus module with ultra low power demand, and can comprise high precision clock, analogue-to-digital converters, electrical management software and hardware, and the control module that is used for the data I/O.
The total power consumption of the digitalized electron device in the sensor unit can be expected to not exceed 50 milliwatts.In addition, by utilizing low power memory (for example, flash EPROM), all the total power consumption of the sensor unit of invention all can be expected at any time for being no more than 150 milliwatts.This is at least than little ten times of the current technique of using in the sensor unit of land.It only is 150Wh with the battery capacity that continues common six weeks of seismic survey period that requirement provides electric power to the sensor unit of inventing.Rechargeable Li-ion battery can provide about 350Wh/l and 150Wh/kg, and thus, total battery volume and weight expectation is approximately 0.4 liter and 0.6kg.
Land sensor unit recorded data can be sent to the base station, and then be sent to recording station.In other embodiments, can it is desirable for and remove and transmit one or more memory modules from a particular sensor unit.For example, a sensor unit can be equipped with N the memory module of surveying at N time.In these embodiments, for example,, take out a memory module at exploration each time.Can use two kinds of data transferring methods.In specific implementations, can realize that data transmit by a plurality of channels and/or by a plurality of methods, so that increase speed and/or the amount that data transmit.
The method of the system of the present invention that utilizes can comprise measurement, calculate and useful subsystem in realizing method of the present invention.Computing unit can comprise allow to realize one or more formula, algorithm and action required and the software and hardware by wired or wireless transmission accessing database, data warehouse etc.
At one or more sensor units of the present invention, the initial position of accuracy within several meters for example can utilize GPS to determine.
With system of the present invention and other data-acquisition system and land geological data acquisition methods (as based on the system of cable and utilize the system of the land seismic system of previously known) combine, within the scope of the present invention.As a unrestricted example (wherein, reliable cable is successfully operation), can use land cable and sensor thereof, and sensor unit is positioned in the grid on these cable one or both sides.
In specific implementations, with environment or survey area irrespectively, more highdensity land sensor unit can improve integrated operation efficient by the relevant deterioration that reduces the distance between the sensor unit and reduce wireless signal on whole distribution range.The shape of sensor unit is uncorrelated with the grid of sensor unit itself.
Although only several exemplary embodiment of the present invention are described in detail above, it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that under the situation that does not break away from novel teachings of the present invention and advantage in itself, can carry out many modifications to the demonstration embodiment.Therefore, all this modifications all are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention that appended claims limits.In claims, do not wish that subordinate clause has the form that device that 35U.S.C. § 112 paragraphs 6 are allowed adds function, unless " be used for ... device " state with correlation function clearly." be used for ... device " subordinate clause be intended to cover described here, carry out the structure of described function, and not only be equal to, and comprise equivalent structure on the structure.
Claims (20)
1, a kind of system comprises:
One or more Vib.s,
One or more base stations,
Seismic data recording station, land,
And sensing system, this sensing system is used to obtain and/or monitors land seismic sensor data, and described sensing system comprises a plurality of sensor assemblies, and each sensor assembly all comprises a seismic sensor,
Wherein, described seismic sensor sends at least a portion of described data to described one or more base stations, described one or more base station sends at least some data that they receive to described recording station then, and wherein, the whole communications between Vib., base station, recording station and the seismic sensor are wireless fully.
2, system according to claim 1, wherein, the geological data that receives self-corresponding one or more groups sensor assembly is orientated as in described one or more base stations strategicly.
3, system according to claim 2, wherein, at least one group of sensor assembly by the communication topology from local mesh topology, mesh topology and Star topology, selected in the group of described sensor assembly at sensor assembly at least some in the relaying geological data wirelessly the sensor assembly.
4, system according to claim 3, wherein, at least one group of sensor assembly by the multi-hop mode in the group of described sensor assembly at sensor assembly to relay data bag wirelessly between the sensor assembly.
5, system according to claim 1 wherein, between each base station and data recording station, directly transmits data from the base station to recording station.
6, system according to claim 1, wherein, the distance range of sensor die block gap from about 1 meter up to about 10 meters.
7, system according to claim 1, comprise first Radio Link, described first Radio Link transmits the geological data that is obtained by one or more seismic sensors to base station radio ground, described base station comprises second Radio Link, described second Radio Link receives the geological data from one or more seismic sensors, and landwards geological data is wirelessly transmitted at the seismic data recording station.
8, system according to claim 7, wherein, described one or more Vib. comprises the 3rd Radio Link, and described the 3rd Radio Link receives and wirelessly transmits vibrator data from the order at seismic data recording station, described land and to seismic data recording station, described land.
9, system according to claim 1, wherein, described base station is selected from mobile communications device and non-moving communicator.
10, system according to claim 7, wherein, described first Radio Link is selected from wireless personal-area network (WPAN) communication protocol.
11, system according to claim 10, wherein, personal area network (WPAN) communication protocol is selected from the agreement that is contained by ieee standard 802.15 independently.
12, system according to claim 8, wherein, described second Radio Link and described the 3rd Radio Link are selected from the wireless communication protocol of supporting point-to-multipoint (PMP) broadband wireless access independently.
13, system according to claim 12, wherein, support point is selected from ieee standard 802.16 and ieee standard 802.20 independently to the wireless communication protocol of multipoint broadband wireless visit.
14, a kind of land seismic data acquisition system comprises:
One or more Vib.s,
One or more base stations,
Seismic data recording station, land,
And sensing system, this sensing system is used to obtain and/or monitors land seismic sensor data, described sensing system comprises a plurality of sensor assemblies, each sensor assembly all comprise a seismic sensor and
Radio data network,
Wherein, described radio data network comprises seismic sensor, described seismic sensor sends at least a portion of described data by first Radio Link to described one or more base stations, and described one or more base stations send at least some data that they receive by second Radio Link to recording station then.
15, land according to claim 14 seismic data acquisition system, wherein, described first Radio Link has the frequency band of selecting from 2.4GHz-2.48GHz, 868MHz and 902MHz-928MHz, and wherein, described first Radio Link has the maximum data transfer rate of 20Kbps@868MHz, 40Kbps@902MHz-928MHz and 250Kbps@2.4GHz-2.49GHz.
16, land according to claim 15 seismic data acquisition system, wherein, described first Radio Link has about 100 meters scope.
17, land according to claim 16 seismic data acquisition system, wherein, described second Radio Link has the frequency band of selecting, the maximum data transfer rate of 70Mbps@2GHz-11GHz from 500MHz-3.5GHz and 2GHz-11GHz, and the scope of about 31 miles (50km).
18, a kind of method may further comprise the steps:
A) wirelessly start one or more Vib.s from recording station, described Vib. generates one or more vibration signals by the land area;
B) utilize the sensing system that is positioned on the described land area to measure the land geological data of reflection, described sensing system comprises a plurality of sensor assemblies, and each sensor assembly all comprises a seismic sensor;
C) from a plurality of sensor assemblies at least some to described one or more base station radios ground transmission geological data;
D) wirelessly send at least some data that receive by described one or more base stations to recording station; And
E) optionally repeating said steps (a) arrives (d).
19, method according to claim 18 comprises repeating said steps (a) to (d), and carries out the time-lapse seismic data and obtain.
20, method according to claim 18, wherein, described step c) comprise utilize first Radio Link to described one or more base station radios send in the geological data of a plurality of sensor assemblies at least some, described first Radio Link has from 2.4GHz-2.48GHz, the frequency band of selecting among 868MHz and the 902MHz-928MHz, described first Radio Link has 20Kbps@868MHz, the maximum data transfer rate of 40Kbps@902MHz-928MHz and 250Kbps@2.4GHz-2.49GHz, described first Radio Link has about 100 meters scope, and wherein, described step d) comprises utilizes second Radio Link wirelessly to transmit at least some data that received by described one or more base stations to recording station, described second Radio Link has the frequency band of selecting from 500MHz-3.5GHz and 2GHz-11GHz, the maximum data transfer rate of 70Mbps@2GHz-11GHz, and the scope of about 31 miles (50km).
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| CN201510246788.9A CN104793241A (en) | 2006-09-14 | 2007-09-13 | Wireless system and method for seismic data acquisition |
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| US84463306P | 2006-09-14 | 2006-09-14 | |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2013007013A1 (en) * | 2011-07-11 | 2013-01-17 | 深圳英盟欣科技有限公司 | Non-infrastructure-based peripheral surveillance system of wireless sensor network |
| CN102916737A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2013-02-06 | 沈立夫 | Cast type radio relay |
| CN105277969A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2016-01-27 | 瑟塞尔公司 | Method for harvesting seismic data and generating seismic output files |
| CN106249275A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2016-12-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Earthquake-capturing automatic routing system and method |
| CN109579904A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-04-05 | 中国兵器装备集团自动化研究所 | A kind of simpler hardware platform for weapon damage effects evaluation test |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102916737A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2013-02-06 | 沈立夫 | Cast type radio relay |
| CN102916737B (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2018-07-27 | 沈立夫 | Releasing type radio relay machine |
| WO2013007013A1 (en) * | 2011-07-11 | 2013-01-17 | 深圳英盟欣科技有限公司 | Non-infrastructure-based peripheral surveillance system of wireless sensor network |
| CN105277969A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2016-01-27 | 瑟塞尔公司 | Method for harvesting seismic data and generating seismic output files |
| CN106249275A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2016-12-21 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Earthquake-capturing automatic routing system and method |
| CN106249275B (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2018-08-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Earthquake-capturing automatic routing system and method |
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