CN101549394A - Temperature control method - Google Patents
Temperature control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101549394A CN101549394A CNA2008100906294A CN200810090629A CN101549394A CN 101549394 A CN101549394 A CN 101549394A CN A2008100906294 A CNA2008100906294 A CN A2008100906294A CN 200810090629 A CN200810090629 A CN 200810090629A CN 101549394 A CN101549394 A CN 101549394A
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Abstract
The invention provides a temperature control method which comprises: the thermal exchange is performed on an object needing to control the temperature and continuously flowing thermal exchange media, wherein the thermal exchange media are powder containing graphite. The invention utilizes the characteristics of high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, small expansion coefficient, stable volume and good graphite power fluidness, can reach the temperature control range between minus 180 DEG C and 2000 DEG C by using the powder containing the graphite as the thermal exchange media, greatly improves the temperature control range and the accuracy, is suitable to various fields needing temperature control and is especially suitable to the material forming field, wherein the temperature control accuracy is plus or minus 1 DEG C.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of temperature-controlled process.
Background technology
The control of mold surface temperature is the key factor of the various parts quality of influence.With the casting process is example, if the transport of heat is too fast, may produce cold line in the foundry goods; If transport is slow excessively, then can increase the forming period of foundry goods, reduce productivity ratio.In addition,, also can cause the size instability of foundry goods, eject casting deformation in process of production, cause problems such as thermal pressure, sticking to mould, surperficial depression, internal shrinkage and thermal if mold temperature is unequal or inappropriate.If mold temperature differs greatly, also can be to the variable in the production cycle, as generation influences in various degree such as filling time, cool time and spray times.In addition, problems such as hot tearing also can take place because of being cold overheated impact in the life-span of mould itself.
In the prior art, when when casting to the temperature requirement of mould below 300 ℃ the time, when for example alloys such as aluminium, magnesium, zinc being carried out die casting, use die heater usually, be the temperature that heat-conducting medium is controlled mould with water or oil.Yet, be that medium uses die heater control method of temperature with water or oil, the scope of its control temperature is less, can not reach more than 300 ℃.
When materials such as titanium alloy or steel were forged, the temperature of mould requires more to be used resistance or eddy-current heating usually, and is aided with thermocouple more than 700 ℃, thus the control temperature.Yet, the forging of materials such as titanium alloy or steel is needed higher control temperature usually, though prior art can import heat rapidly, when mold temperature is higher, can't in time derive heat, temperature control inaccuracy.
In CN2364420Y, disclose a kind of heat exchanger of graphite, used blocky graphite as heat exchange medium in this heat exchanger.Yet blocky graphite can not be realized circulating as the fixed structure of heat exchanger, can not with the mould direct heat transfer, must by heat catalysis reach control temperature purpose.And heat control is inhomogeneous, and temperature-controlled precision is low.
Summary of the invention
Temperature is controlled coarse shortcoming when the objective of the invention is to overcome in the existing temperature control technology the little and high temperature of temperature controlling range, and the temperature controlled method that a kind of temperature controlling range is big, temperature control precision is high is provided.
The invention provides a kind of temperature controlled method of carrying out, this method comprises, needs controlled the object of temperature and the heat exchange medium of continuous-flow carries out heat exchange, and wherein, described heat exchange medium is the powder that contains graphite.
The present invention utilizes that graphite is high temperature resistant, low temperature resistant, the coefficient of expansion is little, the character of volume stability and graphite powder good fluidity, contain the powder of graphite as heat exchange medium by use, can reach-180 to 2000 ℃ temperature controlling range, temperature control precision is ± 1 ℃, temperature controlling range and accuracy have greatly been improved, be suitable for various needs and carry out temperature controlled field, be particularly useful for the forming materials field.
The specific embodiment
Provided by the inventionly carry out temperature controlled method and comprise, needs are controlled the object of temperature and the heat exchange medium of continuous-flow carries out heat exchange, wherein, described heat exchange medium is the powder that contains graphite.
Under the preferable case, the described average particulate diameter that contains the powder of graphite is the 1-500 micron, is preferably the 1-100 micron.
The powder that contains graphite can only contain graphite, also can contain one or more and powdered graphite in silica flour, titanium valve, aluminium powder, copper powder and the silver powder.
Described powdered graphite is not particularly limited, and can be native graphite and various electrographite, for example compact crystal shape graphite, crystalline flake graphite, aphanitic graphite and expanded graphite and other electrographite.May contain various impurity common in the graphite in the powdered graphite, as SiO
2, Al
2O
3, FeO, CaO, P
2O
5, CuO, water, pitch, CO
2, H
2, CH
4And N
2In one or more.Under the preferable case, the fixed carbon content of described powdered graphite is more than 85%, and more preferably fixed carbon content is more than 99%.
Can contain in titanium valve, silica flour, aluminium powder, copper powder and the silver powder one or more in the graphite of described artificial doping.
When the described powder that contains graphite contains one or more and powdered graphite in silica flour, titanium valve, aluminium powder, copper powder and the silver powder, with the described total weight of powder that contains graphite is benchmark, the content of graphite is 50 to less than 100 weight %, the content of silicon is 0-10 weight %, the total content of titanium, aluminium, copper and silver is 0-40 weight %, wherein, the total content of one or more in the content of silicon and titanium, aluminium, copper and the silver is not zero simultaneously.
The described preparation method who contains the powder of graphite is conventional mixed method, as various powder are put into ball grinder, under the preferable case, the described preparation method who contains the powder of graphite is ball-milling method, this method comprises, be 40-350 rev/min at rotating speed, be preferably 45-150 rev/min, more preferably 45-70 rev/min, ball material weight ratio is 10: 1-50: 1, further preferred 40: 1-50: 1, under vacuum or the inert gas atmosphere, with one of following component and powdered graphite mixing 0.5-7 hour:
1) silica flour;
2) one or more in titanium valve, aluminium powder, copper powder and the silver powder; Perhaps
3) mixture of one or more in silica flour and titanium valve, aluminium powder, copper powder and the silver powder.
The temperature of mixing is not particularly limited, is preferably 25-130 ℃.Described vacuum state is meant that pressure is lower than a standard atmospheric pressure, can be the 0.07-0.09 MPa.
Under the preferable case, in the process of carrying out heat exchange, the described powder that contains graphite is in the vacuum or in the inert gas.Described vacuum condition is that vacuum is 3.5 * 10
-2-5 handkerchiefs are preferably 3.5 * 10
-2-1 * 10
-1Handkerchief.Any gas of described inert gas for not participating in reacting is as zero group gas and nitrogen.Described vacuum is actual pressure.
Under the preferable case, the average particulate diameter of described titanium valve is the 1-150 micron, is preferably the 1-86 micron; The average particulate diameter of described silica flour is the 1-100 micron, is preferably the 1-75 micron; The average particulate diameter of described aluminium powder is the 1-115 micron, is preferably the 1-85 micron; The average particulate diameter of described copper powder is the 1-110 micron, is preferably the 1-80 micron; The average particulate diameter of described silver powder is the 1-110 micron, is preferably the 1-75 micron.
Under the preferable case, when the temperature of needs control was-180 ℃ to 2000 ℃, heat exchange medium can be powdered graphite.
Under the preferable case, when the temperature of needs control is during greater than 0 ℃ to 400 ℃, contain in graphite and silicon, titanium, aluminium, copper and the silver one or more in the described powder that contains graphite, and with the described total weight of powder that contains graphite is benchmark, and the total content of silicon, titanium, aluminium, copper and silver is greater than 0 to 50 weight %.
Under the preferable case, when the temperature of needs control is during greater than 400 ℃ to 800 ℃, describedly contain in graphite and silicon, titanium, copper and the silver one or more, and be benchmark with the described total weight of powder that contains graphite, the total content of silicon, titanium, copper and silver is greater than 0 to 50 weight %.
Under the preferable case, when the temperature of needs control is during greater than 800 ℃ to 900 ℃, contain in the described powder that contains graphite and silicon, titanium and copper in one or more, and be benchmark with the described total weight of powder that contains graphite, the total content of silicon, titanium and copper is greater than 0 to 50 weight %.
Under the preferable case, when the temperature of needs control be during greater than 900 ℃ to 1000 ℃, contain 50 weight % in the described powder that contains graphite extremely less than the graphite of 100 weight % with greater than silicon and/or the titanium of 0 to 50 weight %.
Under the preferable case, can carry out preheating to heat exchange medium.Described preheating can be the method for routine, as use conventional die heater in the forming materials field heat exchange medium is heated.Under the preferable case, be that than needs control the high 5-20 of temperature ℃ is preferably high 10-15 ℃ to the temperature of heat exchange medium preheating.
Make the method for heat exchange medium continuous-flow can comprise the various methods that make flow of powder, can be used for the die heater of flow of powder as use.The flowing velocity of described heat exchange medium can be the 0.1-15 meter per second, is preferably the 1.22-15 meter per second, and it is the 80-100% in the mobile space of whole heat exchange medium that the consumption of described heat exchange medium makes the cumulative volume of heat exchange medium, is preferably 90-100%.The described structure that can be used for the die heater of flow of powder is: the casing that adopts aluminium oxide ceramics to make loads the graphite powder, casing and alumina ceramic tube constitute temperature control loop, earthenware duct is connected on the mould, pipeline is vacuumized, utilize eddy-current heating and oil cooling to constitute heating and cooling system, use electromagnetic force to provide mobile power for the graphite powder that has added electric current.
Of the present inventionly carry out temperature controlled method and can be applied in every field, as in the forming materials technology to the temperature control of control, heat exchanger and the various reactors of mold temperature.
Below by embodiment method of the present invention is described further.
The die heater AM-12W that uses Co., Ltd of Angus group (Hong Kong) to produce, the casing that adopts aluminium oxide ceramics to make replaces original water tank, casing and alumina ceramic tube constitute temperature control loop, earthenware duct is connected on the mould, pipeline is vacuumized, utilize the graphite powder in the induction heating method heating ceramic casing, introduce the powder that the cooling in time of oil cooling system contains graphite, increase the coil that electromagnetic force is provided, use electromagnetic force to provide mobile power the powder that contains graphite that adds electric current.Be used for following examples after the transformation.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment explanation utilizes the temperature of temperature controlled method control forming materials mould provided by the invention.
Gross weight with mixture is a benchmark, and using 90% particle diameter is 500 microns fixedly graphite of phosphorus content 99%, and 5% particle diameter is that 86 microns, purity are that the particle diameter of 99% titanium valve and 5% is that 75 microns, purity are 99% silica flour.
Batching is put into ball grinder, and ratio of grinding media to material is 40: 1, and it is 0.08 MPa that ball grinder is evacuated to vacuum, and (the Wuhan happy mineral engineering equipment of perseverance Co., Ltd produces vacuum band sieve ball mill, and model is
Down together), the deep bid rotating speed is 60 rev/mins; Mill ball is a stainless steel, at room temperature, is mixed through 3.5 hours, obtains mixed-powder A1.The mix powder A1 that obtains is put into die heater, pipeline is evacuated to 3.5 * 10
-2Handkerchief.Earlier A1 is heated to 865 ℃, this moment, the temperature of mould was 864-865 ℃, the TC4 ingot casting that Liaoning Fengge Titanium Co., Ltd. produces is inserted in the mould, the temperature of die heater is transferred to 850 ℃, and through 6-7 minute, mold temperature reached 850 ℃, use die heater with mix powder A1 with the flow velocity of 1.2 meter per seconds incessantly by the mould interior conduit, it is more than 90% of interior conduit gross space that consumption makes the volume of described mixed-powder, thereby carries out mold heated internally, makes forging B1.
Measure through the AZ8856 thermometer (thermocouple thermometer) that Frank Electronics Co., Ltd. in Shenzhen's produces, the temperature departure of mould is ± 1 ℃.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment explanation utilizes the temperature of temperature controlled method control forming materials mould provided by the invention.
Gross weight with mixture is a benchmark, and using 90% particle diameter is 500 microns fixedly graphite of phosphorus content 99%, and 5% particle diameter is that 86 microns, purity are that the particle diameter of 99% titanium valve and 5% is that 75 microns, purity are 99% silica flour.
Batching is put into ball grinder, and ratio of grinding media to material is 40: 1, and it is 0.08 MPa that ball grinder is evacuated to vacuum; Vacuum band sieve ball mill deep bid rotating speed is 45 rev/mins; Mill ball is a stainless steel, at room temperature, is mixed through 2.5 hours, makes mixed-powder A2.The mix powder A2 that obtains is put into die heater, pipeline is evacuated to 3.5 * 10
-2Handkerchief.Earlier graphite powder is heated to 975 ℃, this moment, the temperature of mould was 974-975 ℃, the TC10 ingot casting that Liaoning Fengge Titanium Co., Ltd. produces is inserted in the mould, the temperature of die heater is transferred to 965 ℃, and through 7-9 minute, mold temperature reached 965 ℃, use die heater that mix powder A2 is passed through the mould interior conduit incessantly with the speed of 1.22 meter per seconds, it is more than 90% of interior conduit gross space that consumption makes the volume of described mixed-powder, thereby carries out mold heated internally, makes forging B2.
Measure according to the method identical with embodiment 1, the temperature departure of mould is ± 1 ℃.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment explanation utilizes the temperature of temperature controlled method control forming materials mould provided by the invention.
Gross weight with mixture is a benchmark, and fixedly the graphite of phosphorus content 99% and 5% particle diameter are that 86 microns, purity are 99% titanium valve to use 95% particle diameter to be 500 microns.
Batching is put into ball grinder, and ratio of grinding media to material is 40: 1, and it is 0.08 MPa that ball grinder is evacuated to vacuum; Vacuum band sieve ball mill deep bid rotating speed is 50 rev/mins; Mill ball is a stainless steel, at room temperature, is mixed through 3.5 hours, makes mixed-powder A3.The mix powder A3 that obtains is put into die heater, pipeline is evacuated to 3.5 * 10
-2Handkerchief.Earlier graphite powder is heated to 1125 ℃, this moment, the temperature of mould was 1124-1126 ℃, the nickel-base alloy GH738 of Shanghai Baosteel special steel production is inserted in the mould, the temperature of die heater is transferred to 1110 ℃, through 6-7 minute, mold temperature reaches 1110 ℃, use die heater that mix powder A3 is passed through the mould interior conduit incessantly with the speed of 1.0 meter per seconds, it is more than 90% of interior conduit gross space that consumption makes the volume of described mixed-powder, thereby mold heated is carried out in inside, and mold temperature is controlled at 1110 ± 1 ℃.Make forging B3.
Measure according to the method identical with embodiment 1, the temperature departure of mould is ± 1 ℃.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment explanation utilizes the temperature of temperature controlled method control forming materials mould provided by the invention.
Gross weight with mixture is a benchmark, and fixedly the graphite of phosphorus content 99% and 10% particle diameter are that 80 microns, purity are that 99% copper powder, 10% particle diameter are that 75 microns, purity are that 99% silver powder, 5% particle diameter are that 80 microns, purity are that the particle diameter of 99% silica flour and 10% is that 86 microns, purity are 99% titanium valve to use 65% particle diameter to be 500 microns.
Batching is put into ball grinder, and ratio of grinding media to material is 50: 1, and ball grinder is depressed the feeding argon shield at normal atmosphere; Vacuum band sieve ball mill deep bid rotating speed is 60 rev/mins; Mill ball is a stainless steel, at room temperature, is mixed through 2 hours, makes mixed-powder A4.The mix powder A4 that obtains is put into die heater, pipeline is evacuated to 9 * 10
-2Handkerchief.Earlier graphite powder is heated to 465 ℃, this moment, the temperature of mould was 464-465 ℃, the magnesium alloy MB8 of Shanghai Baosteel special steel production is inserted in the mould, the temperature of die heater is transferred to 450 ℃, through 3-5 minute, mold temperature reaches 450 ℃, use die heater with mix powder A4 with the flow velocity of 2.3 meter per seconds incessantly by the mould interior conduit, it is more than 90% of interior conduit gross space that consumption makes the volume of described mixed-powder, thereby carry out mold heated internally, mold temperature is controlled at 450 ± 1 ℃.Make forging B4.
Measure according to the method identical with embodiment 1, the temperature departure of mould is ± 1 ℃.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment explanation utilizes the temperature of temperature controlled method control forming materials mould provided by the invention.
Gross weight with mixture is a benchmark, and fixedly the graphite of phosphorus content 99% and 5% particle diameter are that 80 microns, purity are that 99% copper powder, 5% particle diameter are that 75 microns, purity are that 99% silver powder, 10% particle diameter are that 85 microns, purity are that 99% aluminium powder, 5% particle diameter are that 96 microns, purity are that the particle diameter of 99% silica flour and 10% is that 86 microns, purity are 99% titanium valve to use 65% particle diameter to be 500 microns.
Batching is put into ball grinder, and ratio of grinding media to material is 30: 1, depresses the feeding argon shield at normal atmosphere; Vacuum band sieve ball mill deep bid rotating speed is 150 rev/mins; Mill ball is a stainless steel, at room temperature, is mixed through 3 hours, makes mixed-powder A5.The mix powder A5 that obtains is put into die heater, pipeline is evacuated to 3.5 * 10
-2Handkerchief.Earlier graphite powder is heated to 365 ℃, this moment, the temperature of mould was 364-365 ℃, the magnesium alloy MB7 of Shanghai Baosteel special steel production is inserted in the mould, the temperature of die heater is transferred to 350 ℃, through 4-6 minute, mold temperature reaches 350 ℃, use die heater that mix powder A5 is passed through the mould interior conduit incessantly with the speed of 2.14 meter per seconds, it is more than 90% of interior conduit gross space that consumption makes the volume of described mixed-powder, thereby carry out mold heated internally, mold temperature is controlled at 350 ± 1 ℃.Make forging B5.
Measure according to the method identical with embodiment 1, the temperature departure of mould is ± 1 ℃.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment explanation utilizes the temperature of temperature controlled method control forming materials mould provided by the invention.
Gross weight with mixture is a benchmark, and the particle diameter of use 100% is 500 microns fixedly graphite of phosphorus content 99%.
Batching is put into ball grinder, and ratio of grinding media to material is 50: 1, and it is 0.08 MPa that ball grinder is evacuated to vacuum; Vacuum band sieve ball mill deep bid rotating speed is 130 rev/mins; Mill ball is a stainless steel, at room temperature, is mixed through 1.5 hours, makes powders A 6.Powders A 6 is put into die heater, pipeline is evacuated to 3.5 * 10
-2Handkerchief.In original temperature control loop, insert the liquid nitrogen heat-exchange device, utilize liquid nitrogen and graphite powder heat exchange, cooperate eddy-current heating graphite powder to be cooled to-120 ℃ earlier, this moment, the temperature of mould was-119 to-118 ℃, this moment, the temperature of mould be-119 to-118 ℃, and the temperature of die heater is transferred to-115 ℃, passed through 6-9 minute, mold temperature reaches-115 ℃, with homemade non-crystaline amorphous metal Vit1 composition ingot casting (Zr
41Ti
14Cu
12.5Ni
10Be
22.5) under vacuum condition, melt and pour in the mould, use die heater mix powder A6 to pass through the mould interior conduit incessantly with the flow velocity of 0.5 meter per second, it is more than 90% of interior conduit gross space that consumption makes the volume of described mixed-powder, thereby carry out mold cools down internally, mold temperature is controlled at-115 ± 1 ℃.Make the complete non-crystaline amorphous metal B6 of foundry goods.
Measure according to the method identical with embodiment 1, the temperature departure of mould is ± 1 ℃.
Claims (12)
1, a kind of temperature controlled method, this method comprise controls the object of temperature with needs and the heat exchange medium of continuous-flow carries out heat exchange, it is characterized in that described heat exchange medium is the powder that contains graphite.
2, method according to claim 1, wherein, the average particulate diameter that contains the powder of graphite is the 1-500 micron.
3, method according to claim 1, wherein, with the described total weight of powder that contains graphite is benchmark, contain 50 to graphite in the described powder that contains graphite less than 100 weight %, in titanium, aluminium, copper and the silver of the silicon of 0-10 weight % and 0-40 weight % one or more, wherein, the total content of one or more in the content of silicon and titanium, aluminium, copper and the silver is not zero simultaneously.
4, method according to claim 3, wherein, the described preparation method who contains the powder of graphite is ball-milling method, this ball-milling method comprises, at rotating speed is that 40-350 rev/min, ball material weight ratio are under 10: 1 to 50: 1, vacuum or the inert gas atmosphere, with one of following component and powdered graphite mixing 0.5-7 hour:
1) silica flour;
2) one or more in titanium valve, aluminium powder, copper powder and the silver powder; Perhaps
3) mixture of one or more in silica flour and titanium valve, aluminium powder, copper powder and the silver powder.
5, method according to claim 4, wherein, the average particulate diameter of described titanium valve is the 1-150 micron; The average particulate diameter of described silica flour is the 1-100 micron; The average particulate diameter of described aluminium powder is the 1-115 micron; The average particulate diameter of described copper powder is the 1-110 micron; The average particulate diameter of described silver powder is the 1-110 micron.
6, method according to claim 3, wherein, when the temperature of needs control is during greater than 0 ℃ to 400 ℃, contain in graphite and silicon, titanium, aluminium, copper and the silver one or more in the described powder that contains graphite, and with the described total weight of powder that contains graphite is benchmark, and the total content of silicon, titanium, aluminium, copper and silver is greater than 0 to 50 weight %.
7, method according to claim 3, wherein, when the temperature of needs control is during greater than 400 ℃ to 800 ℃, describedly contain in graphite and silicon, titanium, copper and the silver one or more, and with the described total weight of powder that contains graphite is benchmark, and the total content of silicon, titanium, copper and silver is greater than 0 to 50 weight %.
8, method according to claim 3, wherein, when the temperature of needs control is during greater than 800 ℃ to 900 ℃, contain in the described powder that contains graphite and silicon, titanium and copper in one or more, and with the described total weight of powder that contains graphite is benchmark, and the total content of silicon, titanium and copper is greater than 0 to 50 weight %.
9, method according to claim 3 wherein, when the temperature of needs control be during greater than 900 ℃ to 1000 ℃, contains 50 weight % extremely less than the graphite of 100 weight % with greater than silicon and/or the titanium of 0 to 50 weight % in the described powder that contains graphite.
10, method according to claim 1, wherein, heat exchange medium is a powdered graphite.
11, method according to claim 1, wherein, the flowing velocity of described heat exchange medium is the 0.1-15 meter per second, in the space that heat exchange medium flows, the volume of described heat exchange medium is the 80-100% in this space.
12, method according to claim 1, wherein, the described powder that contains graphite is in the vacuum or in the inert gas.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100906294A CN101549394B (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2008-04-02 | Temperature control method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100906294A CN101549394B (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2008-04-02 | Temperature control method |
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| CN101549394A true CN101549394A (en) | 2009-10-07 |
| CN101549394B CN101549394B (en) | 2011-07-13 |
Family
ID=41154013
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| CN2008100906294A Active CN101549394B (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2008-04-02 | Temperature control method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102806311A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-12-05 | 贵州安吉航空精密铸造有限责任公司 | Forming process of complicated titanium alloy investment casting pipeline |
| CN103232836A (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2013-08-07 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Heat exchange medium, heat exchange system and nuclear reactor system |
| CN107015522A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-04 | 第拖拉机股份有限公司 | A kind of forging die temperature online automatic control system |
| US10699818B2 (en) | 2013-05-07 | 2020-06-30 | Institute Of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Heat exchange medium, heat exchange system, and nuclear reactor system |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2364420Y (en) * | 1999-04-11 | 2000-02-16 | 南通西格里南宝石墨设备有限公司 | Multiple process graphite heat exchanger |
| CN1490377A (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2004-04-21 | 原 高 | Plastic based thermal conductive material |
| CN100387382C (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2008-05-14 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing Cu-graphite, Ag-graphite and Cu Ag-graphite alloy powder |
-
2008
- 2008-04-02 CN CN2008100906294A patent/CN101549394B/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102806311A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2012-12-05 | 贵州安吉航空精密铸造有限责任公司 | Forming process of complicated titanium alloy investment casting pipeline |
| CN102806311B (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2014-05-14 | 贵州安吉航空精密铸造有限责任公司 | Forming process of complicated titanium alloy investment casting pipeline |
| CN103232836A (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2013-08-07 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Heat exchange medium, heat exchange system and nuclear reactor system |
| CN103232836B (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2015-07-01 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Heat exchange medium, heat exchange system and nuclear reactor system |
| US10699818B2 (en) | 2013-05-07 | 2020-06-30 | Institute Of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Heat exchange medium, heat exchange system, and nuclear reactor system |
| CN107015522A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-08-04 | 第拖拉机股份有限公司 | A kind of forging die temperature online automatic control system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101549394B (en) | 2011-07-13 |
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