CN101548431A - Antenna for thoracic radio interrogation - Google Patents
Antenna for thoracic radio interrogation Download PDFInfo
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- CN101548431A CN101548431A CNA2007800352812A CN200780035281A CN101548431A CN 101548431 A CN101548431 A CN 101548431A CN A2007800352812 A CNA2007800352812 A CN A2007800352812A CN 200780035281 A CN200780035281 A CN 200780035281A CN 101548431 A CN101548431 A CN 101548431A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an antenna includes an antenna layer, a ground layer and a dielectric layer between the antenna layer and the ground layer. The antenna layer and the ground layer form a figure in the shape of two identical mirror image triangles joined together at a longest side of each one of the triangles where each side of each triangle is a different length.
Description
To quoting of relevant application
The application requires the priority of following application, submitted on September 21st, 2006, application number is 60/846408, exercise question is the U.S. Provisional Patent Application of " transducer-antenna-detector that is used for thoracic radio interrogation "; Submitted on April 5th, 2007, application number is 60/910394, exercise question is the U.S. Provisional Patent Application of " antenna that is used for thoracic radio interrogation "; Submitted on September 20th, 2007, application number is 60/937970, exercise question is the U.S. Provisional Patent Application of " antenna that is used for thoracic radio interrogation "; Submitted on September 21st, 2006, application number is 60/846402, exercise question is the U.S. Provisional Patent Application of " be used to adjust from chest radio signal return value to extract the method for cardiopulmonary data "; Submitted on September 21st, 2006, application number is 60/846403, exercise question is the U.S. Provisional Patent Application of " being used for the method and apparatus that the non-intrusion type bio-impedance detects "; And on September 20th, 2007 submit to, application number is 60/937985, exercise question is the U.S. Provisional Patent Application of " equipment and the method that are used for the non-invasive thoracic radio interrogation ", these apply for that integral body is herein incorporated by reference.
Statement about federal government's patronage research and development
U.S. government has paid-up permission of the present invention, it has the right to require under condition of limited the patentee according to rational condition, according to the clause among the contract No.DAH001-05-S-0144 that authorizes by united states air force special operations headquarter (AFSOC), permit other people in this contracted limit, to implement.
Background technology
The hemodynamic monitoring of realizing by PAC intrusive mood ground has been applied in the nursing to the urgent patient at large.Since to the invasive of PAC, need the professional to insert and safeguard conduit and needs close attention in case patient's potential life danger, up to now, the hemodynamic monitoring department that is confined to intensive care unit, operating room always and is used to once in a while deal with an urgent situation.Generally the intrusive mood hemodynamic monitoring method of Shi Yonging comprises Fick method, dyeing indicator (dye indicator) dilution method and thermoelectric dilution method (thermodilution).
Current available contact impedance cardiography system provides a kind of to the dynamic (dynamical) non-intruding monitor of patient blood.Different with the intrusive mood hemodynamic monitoring that adopts PAC, the monitoring of non-intrusion type contact impedance is not limited to the nursing to the urgent patient.Just do not obtain under the situation of the information relevant with the patients'blood dynamics state by the intrusive mood process in medical care supplier expectation, non-intrusion type continuous blood dynamics is monitored and any clinical field such as be can be used for from the clinic to the intensive care unit.
Traditional contact impedance cardiography works by direct interchange (AC) voltage test signal to chest introducing low amplitude value.This electrode by contact skin is realized.The conductive variation of cardiac system mainly is the blood flow by heart, and the electric current of being introduced health by voltage signal is modulated.Can compare by receiver/comparator and initial voltage test signal through the current signal loaded information of ovennodulation and to extract the heart impedance waveform.Represent the fixing or basic electrical impedance Zo of chest through direct current (DC) composition of the signal of ovennodulation, and its alternating component is represented the time change Delta Z/Δ t of the heart impedance waveform of chest.This traditional contact impedance cardiography technology is on the books and explanation in 5423326,5443073 and 5309917 the United States Patent (USP) in the patent No., and these patents are incorporated herein by reference.
Though contact impedance cardiography technology has obvious improvement than intrusive mood technology, but certain limitation is arranged.This Technology Need is carefully arranged several electrodes on patient's health.Though this seems similarly not to be an obvious defects, can hinder the motility of non-intrusion type continuous blood dynamics monitoring from hospital emergency rooms to the medical first aid occasion.In fact such medical first aid occasion comprises any emergency that comprises battlefield, natural calamity or other emergency medical situation.
The changing unit that has been found that the radio interrogation signal of reflection can change with the signal that monitors in traditional contact impedance voltage measurement to be handled in closely similar mode, to extract heart information.Should be realized that radio signal runs into the variation that the different material that exists in the human body can cause the radio interrogation signal of reflection.Especially, very low-frequency testing impedance class signal by the health conduction in measuring with traditional contact impedance seemingly, the radio signal of reflection is responsive and at least in part by blood flow volume, flow velocity even may be the change that the dynamic change of the erythrocyte arrangement mode of reflection cardiac mechanical activity causes amplitude and phase place to conductive materials.(transmitted) voltage test signal that detects the emission of being adopted to traditional contact impedance is similar, the radio interrogation signal of reflection has constant/basic composition (being equivalent to Zo) and is equivalent to the composition that Δ Z/ Δ t (100 hertz or lower) in time relatively lentamente change, and the composition of this variation has single order and two order components at least.Therefore, the test signal that detects the emission of being adopted to traditional contact impedance is similar, and the radio interrogation signaling bearer of reflection the information that can determine even measure the above-mentioned cardiac function of at least a portion.
Summary of the invention
In brief, the present invention includes a kind of antenna, it comprises antenna stack, ground plane (groundlayer) and the dielectric layer between antenna stack and ground plane.Antenna stack and ground plane are shaped as the figure that two same triangles that are mirror image combine and constituted at each leg-of-mutton longest edge place, and each leg-of-mutton each limit is not isometric.
Description of drawings
Read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and will be better appreciated by aforesaid content and following detailed description of the present invention.For purposes of illustration, currently preferred embodiments shown in the drawings.Yet should be appreciated that the present invention strictly is not confined to shown layout and means.In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the end view of the preferred embodiment of RFII antenna module;
Fig. 2 is the plane graph of " end " side of preferred embodiment that shows the RFII antenna module of antenna stack;
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view along the preferred embodiment of the RFII antenna module of section A-A intercepting acquisition;
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional view along the preferred embodiment of the RFII antenna module of section B-B intercepting acquisition;
Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view along the preferred embodiment of the RFII antenna module of cross section C-C intercepting acquisition; And
Fig. 6 is the view of preferred embodiment that shows the antenna stack of preferred size.
Embodiment
Referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 3, show the functional block diagram of preferred embodiment of RFII antenna module 10 that is used to produce radio interrogation signals and receives and handle the radio interrogation signals of reflection.RFII antenna module 10 comprises antenna 32 and measuring system 22.Preferably, this measuring system 22 comprises that microprocessor that reflector, receiver and plate carry is in order to analyze the radio interrogation signals of reflection.When RFII antenna module 10 was placed near human body (hereinafter referred to as patient) to be detected, microprocessor was determined Doppler's modulation that whether radio interrogation signals of reflection has and effectively the heart impedance signal has good correlation.Microprocessor can also be determined other characteristic of the radio interrogation signals that reflects, such as the hemodynamic parameter of being represented by the radio interrogation signals of reflection.
With reference to Fig. 1, wherein show the end view of RFII antenna module 10.RFII antenna module 10 preferably includes stacked five layers.Preferably, antenna 32 comprises antenna stack made of copper 12, ground plane layer made of copper 16 that is positioned at RFII antenna module 10 bottom sides and the dielectric layer 14 that antenna stack 14 and ground plane layer 16 are separated.Antenna stack 12 is preferably become by 0.5 ounce of copper, and ground plane 16 preferably has 1.0 ounces of coppers one-tenth.But the thickness of copper is also nonessential.Preferably, the dielectric constant of material that constitutes dielectric layer 14 is greater than 10, and at the dissipation factor at 915MHz frequency place less than 0.003.In the preferred embodiment of antenna 32, dielectric layer is that thickness is 25 mils, the thin slices of being filled by Rogers 3210 pottery, and is that 10.2 glass fabric is strengthened by dielectric constant.Yet, also can use other dielectric substance except that pottery is filled thin slice.
Preferably, measuring system 22 is built on the printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) of RFII antenna module 10 top sides.The PCB of carrying measuring system 22 comprises dielectric layer 18 and layer printed circuit board 20.In a preferred embodiment, PCB layer 18 is that the FR4 glass-epoxy PCB material of 31 mils is made by thickness.Yet, also can use other material as the PCB material, such as polyimides, pottery or special teflon material.Layer printed circuit board 20 comprise become by 0.5 ounce of copper, be laminated to circuit and grounding pattern on the PCB layer 18.As shown in figures 1 and 3, through hole 22, the 22a through electroplating (plated) provides the connection between antenna stack 12 and the layer printed circuit board 20, offers antenna stack 12 and the output of antenna stack 12 is offered receiver in order to the output with reflector.
During use, RFII antenna module 10 is positioned over the position of close heart area on the patient body by the user.When finding that the radio interrogation signals that reflects is just carrying the heart information of expectation, microprocessor preferably produces signal and correctly and obtains the cardiac data of expectation to subscriber's meter line tomorrow 32 location.
Usually, be used for launching and/or the Antenna Design that receives electromagnetic energy for and be used for radiating the electromagnetic energy of electromagnetic energy/reception from air or free space to air or free space.Different with common antenna, antenna 32 is designed to the distance that the transmission of electromagnetic energy of radio interrogation signals is very short, i.e. 0.01cm to 10cm enters the chest region of human body.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that resonant antenna, such as antenna 32, the anti-and return loss of resonance frequency, driving resistor be subjected to the influence of dielectric constant, permeability and the conductivity of near field antenna 32 medium.Because dielectric constant, permeability and the conductivity of human body obviously are different from free space, therefore to operate for time in the near field that is in antenna 32 patient, the size of antenna 32 is different with the position of shot point.
When antenna 32 is the signal excitation of 915MHz by frequency, the distance of 0.01cm to 10cm add heart this in several centimetres of inside, thoracic cavity are considered to be in the near-field region of antenna 32.For this application aims, term " is right after " (Term proximate) and is used for showing that antenna is oriented to make patient to be positioned at its near-field region 32 this moments.
In the preferred embodiment of RFII antenna module 10, antenna 32 is a kind of planar antennas that are commonly referred to microstrip antenna, and is preferably quarter-wave design.The size of preferred antenna 32 is approximately 1.2 inches and takes advantage of 1.5 inches, its parameter, and receives the radio signal of returning that is produced by blood and the emission of other chest content and this signal is offered receiver so that will be received from the hyperfrequency radio signal of reflector propagates short relatively distance and pass patient's clothing and enter patient's thoracic cavity and enter heart at least through optimization.
As shown in Figure 2, the preferred implementation of antenna stack 12 and ground plane 16 is, each layer be shaped as two (nominally) same, nominal right-angled triangles, each layer be the mirror image triangle is combined together to form Kite at each hypotenuse place antenna 32.For making the work of antenna 32 on the 915MHz frequency, as shown in Figure 6, each hypotenuse, that is, the length of antenna 32 is preferably 51mm, and the length of each triangle shorter lateral sides of such is preferably 31mm, and is preferably 40mm than the length of long side.Therefore, be 90 degree, 52 degree and 38 degree nominally form the interior angle of each right-angled triangle of preferred antenna 32, make the tetragonal interior angle of forming by two triangles be respectively 90 degree, 104 degree, 90 degree and 76 degree.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the optimized frequency that is not in 915MHz if radio interrogation signals changes, each size of antenna 32 should change pro rata with the frequency of radio interrogation signals.In addition, the acute angle interior angle of each right-angled triangle strictly is not confined to 52 degree and 38 degree.The less acute angle interior angle of each right-angled triangle can be to spend arbitrarily angled to 44 degree from 31, more preferably spend to 40 degree from 35, and bigger interior angle is complementary with it, and antenna 32 still within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Similarly, antenna 32 and the nonessential right angle interior angle that comprises that constitutes by two triangles.And antenna 32 also nonessentially is made of two same right-angled triangles that are mirror image, but can be for the same polygon that is mirror image at separately longest edge place in conjunction with forming, and each polygon has the limit of three different lengths at least.
The effect of Kite is the bandwidth that increases antenna 32.Manufacturing tolerance when preferably, the bandwidth of antenna 32 allows it to adapt to formation antenna 32 and any frequency uncertainty of radio interrogation signals.In a preferred embodiment, the 10dB bandwidth of dielectric antenna 32 that depends on adjacency in the scope of 14-30MHz, but can be greater or lesser by the shape of change antenna 32.
Similar to the quarter-wave microstrip antenna of routine, antenna 32 has two edge 25a, 25b, here antenna stack 12 is connected with ground plane 16 conductibility ground, also have (open) two edge 26a, 26b of open circuit, here Luo Lu dielectric edge zone is round the copper of antenna stack 12 and ground plane 16.As shown in Figure 4, in a preferred embodiment, conductibility between antenna stack 12 and the ground plane 16 connects and is to be nominally by a series of diameters that 0.02 inch the through hole through electroplating 24 realizes.These a series of through holes 24 through electroplating are used for forming short circuit between antenna stack 12 and ground plane 16 on two of antenna 32 short limits and connect, and work in the quarter-wave long pattern to force antenna 32.
As Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 6, through hole 22 is positioned at the position of the horizontal center line of antenna stack 12 upper edge antennas 32 apart from the about 7mm of vertical center line.Hole 22 extends through RFII antenna module 10.The diameter in hole 22 is nominally 0.056 inch, works as connector, such as the SMA connector, is temporarily fixed on RFII assembly 10 top sides when antenna 32 is tested, and the center conductor of connectors is admitted in hole 22.The side 22a in hole 22 is plated with electric conducting material (that is the through hole of formation through electroplating) thereby at antenna stack 12 and preferably is set in place between the transmitter receipt device element on the circuit layer 20 of RFII antenna module 10 top sides conducts radio signal.It is 0.02 inch the through hole 26 through electroplating that Fig. 3 also shows the diameter preferred nominal, and it extends through PCB layer 18 to connect the grounded part and the antenna ground layer 16 of layer printed circuit board 20.As shown in Figure 3, the through hole 26 through electroplating is round the through hole 22 through electroplating.Through hole 22 through electroplating and through hole 26 through electroplating be combined to form in order to antenna stack 12 and be arranged on reflector on the layer printed circuit board 20 and receiver element between little band waveguiding structure of conduction radio signal.
In the preferred embodiment of RFII antenna 32, hole 22 is positioned provides a driving point impedance, and this driving resistor resists the radio interrogation signals of the reflection that can provide the strongest when measuring heart impedance.In the preferred embodiment of antenna 32, this driving point impedance is chosen to be about 50 ohm when patient's health is in the near field of antenna 32, but also can be other resistance value.
In free space, the radiation mode of antenna 32 is omnidirectional radiation in the plane that is parallel to antenna 32 basically, and has maximum and is about-gain of 10dB.Preferably, the free space return loss of antenna 32 is approximately-2.7dB.Preferably, when antenna 32 was positioned at respect to thoracic cavity 1 to 5mm scope, antenna 32 had and is better than-return loss of 20dB.Yet the return loss of poor arriving-10dB also within the spirit and scope of the present invention.Preferably, tuned antenna 32 has the 10dB bandwidth of about 30MHz when being arranged in free space, is approximately 14MHz and be placed on apart from time in the 5mm scope of patient thoracic cavity.Preferably, enter human body radio-frequency (RF) energy quantity as calculated for antenna 32 power outputs 45%.Preferably, antenna 32 has best performance when being positioned at apart from thoracic cavity 5mm scope, but far reach on the position of 200mm antenna 32 in the distance thoracic cavity still useful.
One skilled in the art will recognize that and under the prerequisite that does not deviate from main inventive concept, can change the above embodiments.Therefore be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to disclosed certain embodiments, but the various modifications that will cover in the spirit and scope of the invention that are defined by the following claims change.
Claims (20)
1. antenna comprises:
Antenna stack,
Ground plane, and
Dielectric layer between described antenna stack and ground plane, described antenna stack and ground plane are shaped as the figure that two same polygons that are mirror image combine and constituted at each polygonal longest edge place, and each polygonal at least three limit is not isometric.
2. antenna according to claim 1, wherein, described each polygon is a triangle.
3. antenna according to claim 3, wherein, described each polygon is a right-angled triangle.
4. antenna according to claim 3, wherein, at least one interior angle of each right-angled triangle is spent to the scopes of 44 degree 31.
5. antenna according to claim 3, wherein, at least one interior angle of each right-angled triangle is spent to the scopes of 40 degree 35.
6. antenna according to claim 1, wherein, described antenna is a quarter-wave aerial.
7. antenna according to claim 6 wherein, is connected on described antenna stack and ground plane each limit in two of described figure adjacent limits conductively.
8. antenna according to claim 7, wherein, the conduction that connects described antenna stack and ground plane is connected by a plurality of through holes realizations through electroplating.
9. antenna according to claim 1 wherein, is used to encourage the conductibility connection of described antenna stack to pass described dielectric layer formation.
10. antenna according to claim 9 wherein, is used to encourage the conductibility connection of described antenna stack to be made of little band waveguide.
11. antenna according to claim 9 wherein, is used to encourage the conductibility of described antenna stack to be connected to through hole through electroplating.
12. antenna according to claim 9 wherein, is used to encourage the conductibility of described antenna stack to connect to be oriented to the return loss maximum of antenna when the close patient of antenna.
13. antenna according to claim 12, wherein, when described antenna was positioned at apart from patient 5mm scope, the return loss of described antenna was better than-10dB.
14. antenna according to claim 1, wherein, described antenna is at the scope interior resonance of 902-928MHz.
15. antenna according to claim 14, wherein, described figure is a quadrangle, is approximately 51mm along the length of described figure symmetry axis, and at least one interior angle of described figure is approximately 76 degree.
16. antenna according to claim 1, wherein, at least one size is based on the dielectric constant and the permeability of human body.
17. the method to patient's radiation interrogation signals comprises the steps:
The configuration antenna makes to have when the close patient of described antenna to be better than-return loss of 10dB;
Place antenna, make antenna near patient; And
Encourage described antenna by described interrogation signals.
18. method according to claim 17 further comprises to the described interrogation signals of patient's radiation and receives step from the signal of patient's reflection.
19. method according to claim 17, wherein, the frequency of described interrogation signals is in the scope of 902-928MHz.
20. method according to claim 19, wherein, described antenna is that described antenna is approximately 51mm along the length of described symmetry axis about the axisymmetric quadrangular plan antenna of symmetry, and at least one interior angle of described antenna is approximately 76 degree.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US84640806P | 2006-09-21 | 2006-09-21 | |
| US60/846,408 | 2006-09-21 | ||
| US60/910,394 | 2007-04-05 | ||
| US60/973,970 | 2007-09-20 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101548431A true CN101548431A (en) | 2009-09-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007800352812A Pending CN101548431A (en) | 2006-09-21 | 2007-09-21 | Antenna for thoracic radio interrogation |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN101548431A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110267589A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2019-09-20 | Ami 研发有限责任公司 | Vital sign monitoring is carried out via touch screen using bio-electrical impedance |
-
2007
- 2007-09-21 CN CNA2007800352812A patent/CN101548431A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110267589A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2019-09-20 | Ami 研发有限责任公司 | Vital sign monitoring is carried out via touch screen using bio-electrical impedance |
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