CN101546035B - Low-temperature microscope cold source system - Google Patents
Low-temperature microscope cold source system Download PDFInfo
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- CN101546035B CN101546035B CN2009100478493A CN200910047849A CN101546035B CN 101546035 B CN101546035 B CN 101546035B CN 2009100478493 A CN2009100478493 A CN 2009100478493A CN 200910047849 A CN200910047849 A CN 200910047849A CN 101546035 B CN101546035 B CN 101546035B
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- tempering room
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-temperature microscope cold source system, which uses a high-pressure nitrogen refrigerant as a cold source; a semiconductor refrigerating plate is used to pre-cool nitrogen gas, and the nitrogen gas is throttled; and a PID controlled electric heating mode is adopted to make the nitrogen gas regulated to a needed temperature in a tempering room, and the nitrogen gas enters an objective table. The system is characterized in that: a nitrogen tank is connected in series with a pressure stabilizing and reducing valve, a high-efficiency heat exchanger, a high-efficiency heat regenerator, a second throttle valve, the tempering room, and a low-temperature objective table through a copper pipe in sequence, and an upside-down type low-temperature microscope is arranged below the low-temperature objective table; the high-efficiency heat exchanger is connected in parallel with the semiconductor refrigerating plate, and the second throttle valve is connected in parallel with a second electromagnetic valve; the inner part of the tempering room is connected with an electric heater, and the outer part of the tempering room is connected with a PID regulator; and the inside of the low-temperature objective table is provided with a micro thermocouple. The system has the advantages of simple structure, high systematic stability, accurate temperature control, low consumption of the nitrogen gas and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low-temperature microscope cold source system, belong to the low-temperature biological medicine technology field.
Background technology
The temperature that cryomicroscope can be controlled biosome changes in certain scope arbitrarily, Direct observation and shoot with video-corder the metamorphosis of biosome in freezing, rewarming process, and the careful process of solution phase transformation, combining image treatment technology again, can carry out qualitative and quantitative research to freezing and rewarming process, this is for determining that best cooling, rewarming program and the biosome micromechanism of damage in freezing, rewarming process etc. is very helpful, thereby it is counted as one of most important, the most basic equipment of cryobiology.
Cryomicroscope is made up of measurement and acquisition system, the temperature control system of optical microscope, cold and heat source system, low temperature sample stage, shooting and video recording system, temperature, the control procedure of cryomicroscope is substantially: the low temperature nitrogen of liquid nitrogen or process liquid nitrogen is as low-temperature receiver, pressurization enters objective table, cools off biological sample.Aspect temperature control, dual mode is arranged: a kind of is that unnecessary cold of electrical heating balance or hot gas balance unnecessary cold as thermal source, two kinds of type of heating all must be controlled by PID (proportion integration differentiation) regulator, the nitrogen that comes out from objective table is used as microscopical nitrogen curtain, can prevent dewfall like this, be convenient to observe.
Existing low-temperature microscope cold source system has the following disadvantages: 1: as low-temperature receiver, have certain potential safety hazard with liquid nitrogen, improved use cost.The temperature of liquid nitrogen is-196 ℃, will note a lot of problems in the use, as: in use practical person should prevent from can not be sealed by the jar of liquid nitrogen frostbite, storage liquid nitrogen, and liquid nitrogen container will fix, and prevents vibrations and tipping.2: aspect adjustment, the mode of accurate temperature controlling has two kinds, and a kind of electrical heating balance mode that adopts at the quartz surfaces plated film balances unnecessary cold, and there is the caducous problem of plated film in this mode.Another mode is to regulate what of hot gas amount by solenoid valve, balances unnecessary cold, and the method can overcome the shortcoming of first kind of mode, but the frequent movement of solenoid valve influences its life-span.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming existing cryomicroscope with the inconvenience of liquid nitrogen as existing potential safety hazard of low-temperature receiver and use, and the drawback that the plated film that exists aspect adjustment easily comes off, the solenoid valve life-span is short, the present invention has designed a kind of low-temperature microscope cold source system.The present invention is not only simple in structure, safe and reliable, and security of system is stable, temperature control is accurate, the nitrogen consumption is low.
A kind of low-temperature microscope cold source system comprises: helium tank, copper pipe, Pressure-stabilizing pressure reducing valve, high-performance heat exchanger, efficient regenerator, second throttling valve, tempering room, low temperature objective table, inversion type cryomicroscope, semiconductor chilling plate, second solenoid valve, electric heater, PID regulator and micro thermocouple; Use the high pressure nitrogen cold-producing medium to replace liquid nitrogen as low-temperature receiver; Its refrigeration modes is to adopt semiconductor chilling plate precooling nitrogen earlier, and then the mode of nitrogen being carried out throttling; Adjustment adopts the mode of the unnecessary cold of PID control electrical heating balance, and it is temperature required to allow nitrogen be adjusted at tempering room earlier, and then enters objective table; It is characterized in that: nitrogen cylinder is connected in series with Pressure-stabilizing pressure reducing valve, high-performance heat exchanger, efficient regenerator, second throttling valve, tempering room, low temperature objective table successively through copper pipe, and the inversion type cryomicroscope is positioned at the below of low temperature objective table; The semiconductor cooling piece that is connected in parallel on the described high-performance heat exchanger, second solenoid valve is connected in parallel on second throttling valve; Connect the external PID regulator of electric heater in the tempering room; The temperature of micro thermocouple monitoring bio sample is set in the low temperature objective table.
Described efficient regenerator is set to two pipelines, and one of them pipeline gas entrance point is connected in series with first solenoid valve, first throttle valve successively through copper pipe, and terminal second the pipeline gas entrance point with efficient regenerator of pipeline is connected; First solenoid valve, first throttle valve, be to design for the be exceedingly fast special biological sample of cooling or cooling extremely slowly of needs with the unitized construction of second solenoid valve, when requiring fast cooling, first solenoid valve, first throttle valve are opened, second closed electromagnetic valve, when needs are lowered the temperature at a slow speed, second solenoid valve is opened, and first solenoid valve, first throttle valve are closed.
Described low temperature stage design is a vacuum insulation, to reduce the thermal load of system, also can prevent the glass dewfall of view window on the objective table simultaneously, guarantees to test and carries out smoothly.
The top hole pressure of Pressure-stabilizing pressure reducing valve will guarantee at 7Mp, and guaranteeing the cold and the temperature requirement of system, in the time of system hypotensive, system is the prompting experimenter automatically.
Semiconductor chilling plate of the present invention is the two-stage semiconductor cooler sheet, and cold and hot end maximum temperature difference can reach 68 ℃.
The structure of efficient regenerator is the bushing type regenerator, and interior pipe is air inlet, is return-air between outer tube and the interior pipe, and this regenerator is the efficient height not only, and its conserve space.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the present invention uses the high pressure nitrogen cold-producing medium to replace liquid nitrogen as low-temperature receiver, and its refrigeration modes is to adopt semiconductor chilling plate precooling nitrogen earlier, and then the mode that nitrogen is carried out throttling, and this mode avoids using liquid nitrogen, simple in structure, safety.
2. adjustment adopts the mode of the unnecessary cold of PID regulator control electrical heating balance, and it is temperature required to allow nitrogen be adjusted at tempering room earlier, and then enters objective table.This temperature control mode can overcome the drawback that plated film easily comes off, the solenoid valve life-span is short.
3. low-temperature microscope cold source system of the present invention also has advantages such as system stability height, temperature control is accurate, the nitrogen consumption is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the low-temperature microscope cold source system structural representation.
1. nitrogen cylinder, 2. semiconductor chilling plate, 3. high-performance heat exchanger, 4. first solenoid valve, 5. first throttle valve, 6.PID regulator, 7. inversion type cryomicroscope, 8. micro thermocouple, 9. low temperature objective table, 10. electric heater, 11. tempering room, 12. second throttling valve, 13. second solenoid valves, 14. efficient regenerator, 15. decompression venting valves.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of low-temperature microscope cold source system, as shown in Figure 1: comprising: helium tank 1, copper pipe, Pressure-stabilizing pressure reducing valve 15, high-performance heat exchanger 3, efficient regenerator 14, second throttling valve 12, tempering room 11, low temperature objective table 9, inversion type cryomicroscope 7, semiconductor chilling plate 2, second solenoid valve 13, electric heater 10, PID regulator 6 and micro thermocouple 8; Use the high pressure nitrogen cold-producing medium to replace liquid nitrogen as low-temperature receiver; Its refrigeration modes is to adopt semiconductor chilling plate precooling nitrogen earlier, and then the mode of nitrogen being carried out throttling; Adjustment adopts the mode of the unnecessary cold of PID control electrical heating balance, and it is temperature required to allow nitrogen be adjusted at tempering room earlier, and then enters objective table; It is characterized in that: nitrogen cylinder (1) is connected in series with Pressure-stabilizing pressure reducing valve 15, high-performance heat exchanger 3, efficient regenerator 14, second throttling valve 12, tempering room 11, low temperature objective table 9 successively through copper pipe, and inversion type cryomicroscope 7 is positioned at the below of low temperature objective table 9; Semiconductor cooling piece 2 is connected in parallel on the described high-performance heat exchanger 3; Second solenoid valve 13 is connected in parallel on second throttling valve 12; Connect electric heater 10 external PID regulators 6 in the tempering room 11; Micro thermocouple 8 is set in the low temperature objective table measures the temperature of biological sample.Efficient regenerator 14 is set to two pipelines, and one of them pipeline gas entrance point is connected in series with first solenoid valve 4, first throttle valve 5 successively through copper pipe, and terminal second the pipeline gas entrance point with efficient regenerator 14 of pipeline is connected; First solenoid valve 4, first throttle valve 5, be to design for the be exceedingly fast special biological sample of cooling or cooling extremely slowly of needs with the unitized construction of second solenoid valve 13, when requiring fast cooling, open first solenoid valve 4 and first throttle valve 5, close second solenoid valve 13, when needs are lowered the temperature at a slow speed, open second solenoid valve 13, close first solenoid valve 4, first throttle valve 5.Low temperature objective table 9 is designed to vacuum insulation, to reduce the thermal load of system, prevents objective table view window dewfall.The top hole pressure of Pressure-stabilizing pressure reducing valve 15 will guarantee more than 7Mp, to guarantee the cold and the temperature requirement of system.
The high pressure nitrogen of high-pressure nitrogen bottle 1 output is by decompression venting valve 15 during refrigeration, nitrogen is adjusted to suitable pressure, because nitrogen is bad in the throttling effect in normal temperature district, but reduction along with temperature, its throttling effect can be improved, in order to improve throttle efficiency, added that before the nitrogen throttling semiconductor chilling plate 2 carries out precooling, to change the nitrogen throttling effect.Heat exchange transmission between high pressure nitrogen and the semiconductor chilling plate is to realize by a high-performance heat exchanger 3, nitrogen through the semiconductor refrigerating precooling enters efficient regenerator 14 again, the setting of efficient regenerator and semiconductor chilling plate, its objective is and make nitrogen in the throttling cooling that takes a step forward, the nitrogen of high pressure is through the precooling of semiconductor chilling plate and regenerator, enter 12 throttlings of second throttling valve at last, nitrogen temperature after the throttling, pressure all reduces, low temperature nitrogen enters tempering room 11 again and carries out adjustment, the regulative mode of temperature is a PID regulator regulative mode, regulate the nitrogen low temperature objective table 9 of making a gift to someone again after the temperature of needs, get back to heat exchange in the efficient regenerator 14 with the gas stream after the biomaterial heat exchange, directly enter in the atmosphere at last.
This device adopt internal diameter be the copper pipe of Φ 10 as wireway, its connected mode has two kinds, a kind ofly is out that hydraucone connects, and is exactly in addition directly to weld.The structure of described efficient regenerator 14 is the bushing type regenerator, and internal diameter is the copper pipe of Φ 10, and external diameter is the copper pipe of Φ 20, the dish curl, and interior pipe is air inlet, is return-air between outer tube and the interior pipe, this efficient regenerator is the efficient height not only, and conserve space.Tempering room 11 is the stainless steel cavity, and its internal placement has electric heater 10, and semiconductor chilling plate is a two-stage semiconductor cooler, and maximum temperature difference is 68 ℃.Some biological samples when requiring cooling rate extremely slow, have added second solenoid valve 13, and have been used with Pressure-stabilizing pressure reducing valve 15 in this system, the warm areas that are being higher than-40 degree can use semiconductor chilling plate that cold is provided.For the bigger biomaterial of some thermal capacity, when requiring fast cooling, designed the pipeline of forming by first solenoid valve 4, first throttle valve 5 in this system, when the cold of needs is big, first solenoid valve 4, first throttle valve 5 are opened, and satisfy the cold requirement of system.
The present invention adopts earlier the semiconductor precooling, again throttling backheat refrigeration mode, to be that whole device has simple in structure, the stability of a system is high, temperature control accurately, the advantage such as the nitrogen consumption is low.
Claims (1)
1. a low-temperature microscope cold source system comprises: helium tank, copper pipe, Pressure-stabilizing pressure reducing valve, high-performance heat exchanger, efficient regenerator, second throttling valve, tempering room, low temperature objective table, inversion type cryomicroscope, semiconductor chilling plate, second solenoid valve, tempering room, electric heater, PID regulator and micro thermocouple; Use the high pressure nitrogen cold-producing medium to replace liquid nitrogen as low-temperature receiver; Its refrigeration modes is to adopt semiconductor chilling plate precooling nitrogen earlier, and then the mode of nitrogen being carried out throttling; Adjustment adopts the mode of the unnecessary cold of PID control electrical heating balance, and it is temperature required to allow nitrogen be adjusted at tempering room earlier, and then enters the low temperature objective table; It is characterized in that: nitrogen cylinder (1) is connected in series with Pressure-stabilizing pressure reducing valve (15), high-performance heat exchanger (3), efficient regenerator (14), second throttling valve (12), tempering room (11), low temperature objective table (9) successively through copper pipe, and inversion type cryomicroscope (7) is positioned at the below of low temperature objective table (9); Semiconductor cooling piece (2) is connected in parallel on the described high-performance heat exchanger (3); Second solenoid valve (13) is connected in parallel on second throttling valve (12); Connect the external PID regulator of electric heater (10) (6) in the tempering room (11); Micro thermocouple (8) is set in the low temperature objective table measures the temperature of biological sample.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100478493A CN101546035B (en) | 2009-03-20 | 2009-03-20 | Low-temperature microscope cold source system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100478493A CN101546035B (en) | 2009-03-20 | 2009-03-20 | Low-temperature microscope cold source system |
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| CN101546035A CN101546035A (en) | 2009-09-30 |
| CN101546035B true CN101546035B (en) | 2011-05-04 |
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| CN2009100478493A Expired - Fee Related CN101546035B (en) | 2009-03-20 | 2009-03-20 | Low-temperature microscope cold source system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102147522B (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2012-07-04 | 上海理工大学 | Low-temperature microscope |
| CN102819280B (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2014-07-02 | 河南科技大学 | Local environment temperature control method and device used for ball disc type friction testing machine |
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