CN101543107A - Method and apparatus for resource management - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for resource management Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101543107A CN101543107A CNA2007800433415A CN200780043341A CN101543107A CN 101543107 A CN101543107 A CN 101543107A CN A2007800433415 A CNA2007800433415 A CN A2007800433415A CN 200780043341 A CN200780043341 A CN 200780043341A CN 101543107 A CN101543107 A CN 101543107A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fap
- message
- communication system
- network controller
- wireless communication
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Some embodiments are implemented in a communication system that includes a first wireless communication system and a second wireless communication system that includes a Femtocell access point (FAP) and a network controller that can communicatively couple the FAP to the first wireless communication system. In some embodiments, the network controller can communicatively couple to the first wireless communication system through a UTRAN Iu interface. Some embodiments provide a resource management method that determines that a user equipment (UE) has roved in a region serviced by the FAP. The FAP includes a generic access resource control (GA-RC) protocol sub-layer. The method creates a separate GA-RC state dedicated to the UE in the GA-RC protocol sub-layer. The method also sets the GA-RC state dedicated to the UE to a deregistered state to indicate that the UE is not registered to use the services of the second wireless communication system.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The application requires following U.S. Provisional Application No.: U.S. Provisional Application 60/826,700, title are " Radio Access Network-Generic Access to the Iu Interface forFemtocells ", are filed on September 22nd, 2006; U.S. Provisional Application 60/869,900, title are " Generic Access to the Iu Interface for Femtocells ", are filed on December 13rd, 2006; U.S. Provisional Application 60/911,862, title are " Generic Access to the Iu Interface forFemtocells ", are filed on April 13rd, 2007; U.S. Provisional Application 60/949,826, title are " Generic Access to the Iu Interface ", are filed on July 13rd, 2007; U.S. Provisional Application 60/884,889, title are " Methods to Provide Protection against service Theftfor Femtocells ", are filed on January 14th, 2007; U.S. Provisional Application 60/893,361, title are " Methods to Prevent Theft of Service for Femtocells Operating in OpenAccess Mode ", are filed on March 6th, 2007; U.S. Provisional Application 60/884,017, title are " Generic Access to the Iu Interface for Femtocell-Stage 3 ", are filed on January 8th, 2007; U.S. Provisional Application 60/911,864, title are " Generic Access to the Iu Interfacefor Femtocell-Stage 3 ", are filed on April 13rd, 2007; U.S. Provisional Application 60/862,564, title are " E-UMA-Generic Access to the Iu Interface ", are filed on October 23rd, 2006; U.S. Provisional Application 60/949,853, title are " Generic Access to the IuInterface ", are filed on July 14th, 2007; And U.S. Provisional Application 60/954,549, title are " Generic Access to the Iu Interfaces-Stage 2 Specification ", are filed on August 7th, 2007.The content of above-mentioned each provisional application is combined in herein as a reference thus.
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of telecommunications.More specifically, the present invention relates to be used for coming the technology of seamless integration voice-and-data telecommunication service by the wireless system of permitting through the wireless system and the short-term of permission.
Background technology
Wireless system through permission provides mobile radio telecommunications to the individual who uses wireless transceiver.Wireless system through permission is meant public cellular telephone system and/or Personal Communications Services (PCS) telephone system.Wireless transceiver comprises cell phone, pcs telephone, have the personal digital assistant of radio function and radio modem etc.
Obtain the wireless signal frequency of governmental approval through the wireless system utilization of permission.In order to insert these frequencies, need a large amount of expenses of payment.Expensive base station (BS) device of use is supported the communication on the frequency of permission.Typically, the base station is installed into distance about a mile (for example, cell tower in the cellular network) far away between each base station.Typically through the wireless transmission mechanism that wireless system adopted of permission and frequency not only restricting data transmission rate but also limit transmission range.Therefore, to be connected the service quality that is provided than landline (wired) much lower for the service quality (voice quality and data transmission bauds) in the wireless system of permission.Like this, the user of the wireless system through permitting has paid higher expense, has but obtained low-qualityer service.
Landline (wired) connection is widely adopted, and carries out with lower cost usually, has the language of better quality and the data, services of fair speed simultaneously.The problem that landline connects is, can restrict user's mobility.Need the physical connection that is connected to landline traditionally.
In the past few years, use unauthorized wireless communication system to promote the mobile access based on the network of landline has been obtained quick growth.For example, this unauthorized wireless system can support based on IEEE 802.11a, b or g standard (WiFi) or
The radio communication of standard.The moving range that is associated with this system is generally 100 meters the order of magnitude or still less.Typical unauthorized wireless communication system comprises the base station, and the base station comprises WAP (wireless access point) (AP) and has the physical connection (for example, coaxial cable, twisted-pair feeder or optical cable) of leading to based on the network of landline.AP has the RF transceiver so that communicate with wireless handset in the interior work of the appropriateness of this AP distance, wherein, WiFi and
The message transmission rate that standard is supported is more much higher than the aforesaid message transmission rate supported of wireless system through permission.Like this, this selection provided the service of better quality originally with lower one-tenth, but service only extends to apart from the distance of base station appropriateness.
At present, developing with seamless way and integrating technology through use that permit and unauthorized wireless system, the user is on the throne can to insert unauthorized wireless system via single hand-held set in the scope of this system the time thereby make, and the user can insert the wireless system through permission outside being in the scope of unauthorized wireless system the time.Yet unauthorized wireless communication system need use the dual-mode wireless transceiver, with communicating with system through permission on the wireless frequency of permission, and communicates with unauthorized system on unauthorized wireless frequency.The transceiver that uses this dual-mode transceiver to need the service provider to incite somebody to action the existing user that only work on the wireless frequency through permitting upgrades to dual-mode transceiver.Therefore, in the prior art, need a kind of system that the beneficial effect of said system is provided of exploitation, and do not need dual-mode transceiver.
Summary of the invention
Some embodiment that implement in communication system comprise first wireless communication system and second wireless communication system, second wireless communication system comprises Femto sub-district (Femtocell, femtocell) access point (FAP) and network controller, network controller can be coupled to FAP first wireless communication system communicatedly.
In certain embodiments, network controller can be coupled to first wireless communication system communicatedly by UTRAN Iu interface.In certain embodiments, FAP uses short-range wireless frequency through permission, can be coupled to user's set communicatedly.
The method for managing resource that some embodiment provide a kind of definite user's set (UE) to roam in by the zone that FAP served.FAP comprises general access-in resource control (GA-RC) protocol sublayers.This method is created in the independent GA-RC state of UE special use in the GA-RC protocol sublayers.This method also is arranged to the GA-RC state of UE special use to nullify the state of registration, and UE does not register the service of using second wireless communication system with indication.
Some embodiment provide and have judged whether UE has roamed into the method outside the second communication system.This method at the FAP place from UE receiving cycle message.When FAP can not receive the periodic message of predetermined number, this method sent the cancellation registration message by unique connection of the UE special use between FAP and the network controller to network controller, and discharged this special use connection.
Some embodiment provide the method that discharges resource after losing connection.This method sends periodic message from FAP to network controller by the connection between FAP and the network controller, to judge whether to lose this connection.When FAP determines to lose connection, FAP can nullify registration with the user's set (UE) of FAP coupling communicatedly, and force UE to carry out the sub-district gravity treatment.
Some embodiment provide the method for Femto sub-district access point (FAP).This method sends register request message, and this register request message comprises the registered type from FAP to the network controller.This registered type is designated FAP will be to the equipment of network controller registration.If this register request message acceptable for network controller, then FAP receives registration and accepts message.
Some embodiment provide the method for finding of carrying out.This method sends finds request message, finds that request message comprises the wireless area information through permission that sends to the supply network controller.This method receives at the FAP place and finds to accept message.The sign that message comprises the default network controller of determining based on cell information is accepted in discovery.When the supply network controller determined that this supply network controller can be accepted to find request message, this supply network controller sends found to accept message.
Some embodiment provide the method for carrying out user's set (UE) registration.This method is set up unique connection of this UE special use between FAP and network controller.This method connects by this special use, and the place receives register request message from FAP at network controller.
Some embodiment provide a kind of method of controlling security.This method receives safe mode command, safe mode command is included in one group of safe key and one group of security algorithm from network controller at FAP place, and this group safe key and this group security algorithm receive from first wireless communication system at the network controller place.This method is judged the integrality of one group of message of exchange between FAP and the user's set (UE), and wherein by using this group safe key and this group security algorithm, user's set (UE) can be coupled to FAP communicatedly via air interface.
Some embodiment provide the method for fail safe.This method is set up secure tunnel between FAP and network controller.This method can be coupled to network controller by tunnel safe in utilization communicatedly with FAP and some user's sets (UE).This UE can be coupled to FAP communicatedly via air interface.
Some embodiment provide a kind of service method that prevents to usurp.This method is created authorized session, and authorized session comprises the session identity of first user's set (UE).This session is used for can be coupled communicatedly a UE and first wireless communication system by FAP.The one UE is identified as through licensing the UE of FAP by first wireless communication system.When any identity among the identity of the 2nd UE and this are organized a UE identity did not all match, this method refusal FAP registered the request of the 2nd UE.This unaccepted request comprises the session identity of authorized session and the identity of the 2nd UE.First wireless communication system can not be identified as the 2nd UE through licensing the UE of FAP.
Description of drawings
Appended claim has been set forth novel features of the present invention.Yet,, several embodiments of the present invention have been described in the following drawings for illustration purpose.
Fig. 1 shows the communication system (ICS) of the integration of some embodiment;
Fig. 2 shows the some application of the ICS among some embodiment;
Fig. 3 shows the overall A/Gb pattern GAN functional structure of some embodiment;
Fig. 4 shows the overall Iu pattern GAN functional structure of some embodiment;
Fig. 5 shows the Femto sub-district functional structure of some embodiment;
Fig. 6 shows the Femto subzone network structure towards the ATM(Asynchronous Transfer Mode) interface of core network of having of some embodiment;
Fig. 7 shows the Femto subzone network structure towards the IP of core network interface of having of some embodiment;
Fig. 8 shows the CS territory control plane structure of some embodiment;
Fig. 9 shows the CS territory user-plane protocol structure of some embodiment;
Figure 10 shows the PS territory control plane structure of some embodiment;
Figure 11 shows the PS territory user-plane protocol structure of some embodiment;
Figure 12 shows the state diagram of the general access among the FAP of some embodiment;
Figure 13 shows the state diagram of the GA-CSR of each UE in FAP among some embodiment;
Figure 14 shows the state diagram of the GA-PSR of each UE in FAP among some embodiment;
The GA-CSR that Figure 15 shows the FAP initiation of setting up among some embodiment connects;
The GA-CSR that Figure 16 shows some embodiment connects release;
The GA-PSR that Figure 17 shows the FAP initiation of setting up among some embodiment connects;
The GA-PSR that Figure 18 shows among some embodiment connects release;
Figure 19 shows the FAP energising of some embodiment and finds to handle;
Figure 20 shows the FAP energising registration process among some embodiment;
Figure 21 shows the relevant message of initiating with FAP of Synchronous Processing among some embodiment;
Figure 22 shows the UE registration among some embodiment;
The UE that Figure 23 shows among some embodiment roams into outside the service area;
Figure 24 shows the UE outage among some embodiment and carries out the situation that IMSI separates;
Figure 25 shows and loses the internuncial situation of Up interface among some embodiment;
Figure 26 shows the registration of the FAP initiation of some embodiment and upgrades situation;
Figure 27 shows the registration renewal situation that the INC among some embodiment initiates;
Figure 28 shows the Synchronous Processing that the FAP among some embodiment initiates;
The voice bearer that Figure 29 shows among some embodiment is set up processing (being used for using the MO/MT of Iu-UP to call out) on AAL2;
Figure 30 shows the travelling carriage that is derived from travelling carriage among some embodiment to the calling of PSTN;
Figure 31 shows the PSTN that ends at travelling carriage among some embodiment to the calling of travelling carriage;
The calling of being carried out by the Femto community user that Figure 32 shows among some embodiment discharges;
Figure 33 shows an example of the relaying that DTAP assistant service message is carried out among some embodiment;
Figure 34 shows the GA-PSR transmission channel activation that the FAP among some embodiment initiates;
Figure 35 shows the transmission channel deexcitation that the FAP among some embodiment initiates;
Figure 36 shows the transmission channel activation that is used for user data services that the network among some embodiment is initiated;
Figure 37 shows the transmission channel deexcitation that the network among some embodiment is initiated;
Figure 38 shows the Femto community user panel data transmission process among some embodiment;
Figure 39 shows the up link control plane transfer of data of some embodiment;
Figure 40 shows the down link control plane transfer of data of some embodiment;
Figure 41 shows the protocol architecture of the CS Mode S MS among some embodiment;
Figure 42 shows the GAN protocol architecture of the group mode SMS among some embodiment;
The SMS via the GAN circuit-mode that is derived from travelling carriage that Figure 43 shows among some embodiment transmits;
The SMS that ends at travelling carriage via the CS pattern of Femto sub-district that Figure 44 shows among some embodiment transmits;
Figure 45 shows the route situation based on service area of some embodiment;
Figure 46 shows the GAN Femto sub-district security mechanism among some embodiment;
Figure 47 shows the EAP-SIM authentication process among some embodiment;
Figure 48 shows the EAP-AKA authentication process of some embodiment;
Figure 49 shows the message flow that is used for safe mode control among some embodiment;
The AKA that is used for mutual authentication that Figure 50 shows among some embodiment handles;
Figure 51 shows the advanced processes that can cause the service of being usurped by rogue FAP;
The Femto sub-district service that Figure 52 shows some embodiment is usurped and is prevented way;
Figure 53 show among some embodiment to preventing that Femto sub-district service is usurped;
Figure 54 shows the service access control to the new FAP that is connected to the Femto subzone network among some embodiment;
Figure 55 shows the service access control to FAP redirected in the Femto subzone network among some embodiment;
Figure 56 shows the service access control to the FAP that registers among some embodiment in the restricted UMTS area of coverage;
Figure 57 shows the service access control to the unwarranted UE that inserts authorized FAP among some embodiment;
Figure 58 conceptually shows the computer system that the enforcement of some embodiment is adopted.
Embodiment
In following detailed description of the present invention, many details, example and embodiments of the invention have been described.Yet those skilled in the art will know that the present invention is not limited to described embodiment, and can implement the present invention under the situation that does not adopt some details discussed and example.
Adopted in the whole text in the telecommunications industry field for the general abbreviation of wireless traffic at this specification, and the abbreviation of special use of the present invention.In the XV part, provide the abbreviation of using among the application table.
Some embodiment implement in communication system, communication system comprises first wireless communication system and second wireless communication system, second wireless communication system comprises Femto sub-district access point (FAP) and network controller, and network controller can be coupled to FAP first wireless communication system communicatedly.
In certain embodiments, network controller can be coupled to first wireless communication system communicatedly by UTRAN Iu interface.In certain embodiments, FAP can use short-range wireless frequency through permission can be coupled to user's set communicatedly.
Some embodiment provide a kind of method for managing resource, and this method determines that user's set (UE) roams in the zone by FAP service.FAP comprises general access-in resource control (GA-RC) protocol sublayers.This method is created the independent GA-RC state of the UE special use in the GA-RC protocol sublayers.This method also is set to nullify enrollment status with the GA-RC state of UE special use, and UE is not registered the service of using second wireless communication system with indication.
Some embodiment provide and judge whether UE has roamed into the method outside the second communication system.This method at the FAP place from UE receiving cycle message.When FAP can not receive the periodic message of predetermined number, this method sends in unique connection of the UE special use between FAP and the network controller nullified registration message to network controller, and discharged this special use connection.
Some embodiment provide a kind of method that discharges resource after losing connection.This method sends periodic message from FAP to network controller in the connection between FAP and the network controller, to judge whether to lose connection.When FAP determines to lose connection, FAP can nullify with the user's set (UE) of this FAP coupling communicatedly, and force UE to carry out the sub-district gravity treatment.
Some embodiment provide the method for a kind of registration Femto sub-district access point (FAP).This method sends register request message from FAP to network controller, and register request message comprises registered type.Registered type is designated FAP the equipment that will register to network controller.When register request message when being acceptable for network controller, FAP receives registration and accepts message.
Some embodiment provide a kind of method of finding processing that is used to carry out.This method sends to the supply network controller and finds request message, and this message comprises the wireless area information through permission.This method receives at the FAP place and finds to accept message.The sign that message comprises the default network controller of determining based on cell information is accepted in discovery.When the supply network controller determined that it can accept to find request message, the supply network controller sends found to accept message.
Some embodiment provide the method for a kind of execution user's set (UE) registration.This method is set up unique connection of UE special use between FAP and network controller.This method connects from FAP reception register request message by this special use at the network controller place.
Some embodiment provide a kind of method of controlling security.This method receives safe mode command at the FAP place from network controller, and safe mode command comprises one group of safe key and one group of security algorithm, and this group safe key and this group security algorithm receive from first wireless communication system at the network controller place.This method is by using this group safe key and this group security algorithm and judge at FAP and can being coupled to the integrality of the one group of message that exchanges between the user's set (UE) of this FAP by air interface communicatedly.
Some embodiment provide a kind of method that fail safe is provided.This method is set up secure tunnel between FAP and network controller.This method can be coupled to network controller by tunnel safe in utilization communicatedly with FAP and some user's sets (UE).UE can be coupled to FAP communicatedly by air interface.
Some embodiment provide a kind of service method that prevents to usurp.This method is created authorized session, and this session comprises the session identity of first user's set (UE).This session is used for by FAP the one UE and first wireless communication system can being coupled together communicatedly.First wireless communication system is identified as a UE UE that uses FAP through mandate.When any identity among the identity of the 2nd UE and this are organized a UE identity does not all match, the request of registration the 2nd UE that this method refusal is sent by FAP.Unaccepted request comprises the session identity of authorized session and the identity of the 2nd UE.First wireless communication system can not be identified as the UE that uses FAP through mandate with the 2nd UE.
Some more specific embodiment of the present invention have been described in the lower part.Specifically, the I joint has been described the communication system of the total integrated that combines some embodiment.After the discussion of I joint, the II joint has been discussed the system configuration of Femto cell system.Next, the III joint has been described the protocol architecture of Femto cell system.Then, the IV joint has been described the resource management processing of the Femto cell system among some embodiment.Next, the V joint shows the mobile management function of the Femto cell system among some embodiment.
Next, the VI joint has been described the call manager process of Femto cell system.After this joint, the VII joint has been described the Packet Service of the Femto cell system among some embodiment.In the VIII joint, error processing procedure has been described.IX joint provides the message used and the tabulation of information element in different embodiment.Describe the short message service support of Femto cell system in the X joint, then in the XI joint, described emergency services.
In the XII joint, Femto cell system safety function has been described.After this is described, the control of Femto cell system service access has been discussed in the XIII joint.Next, the XIV joint has been described the employed computer system of enforcement of some embodiments of the present invention.At last, the XV joint has been listed the employed abbreviation of this paper.
I. overall system
A. the communication system of Zheng Heing (ICS)
Fig. 1 shows according to the communication system of the integration of some embodiments of the present invention (ICS) structure 100.ICS structure 100 makes user's set (UE) 102 to insert voice and data network 165 via air interface 106 or the ICS access interface 110 through permission, alternately, by this each assembly that can insert radio core network 165 through permitting through the air interface 106 or the ICS access interface 110 of permission.In certain embodiments, the communication session that is undertaken by above arbitrary interface comprises that voice service, data, services or the two all have.
The typically responsible user's set Data transmission grouping in the geographic service area of GGSN 157 and SGSN 155 of SGSN 155, and the grouping of the user's set Data transmission in the geographic service area of GGSN 157 and SGSN 155.In addition, SGSN 155 can carry out such as functions such as mobile management, storage user profile and stored position informations.Yet, facilitate by GGSN 157 to the actual interface of each external data packet service network (for example, public the Internet) from mobile core network 165.Because the packet that is derived from user's set typically is not configured to be used for inserting the form of outer data network, so GGSN 157 serves as the role of the gateway among this packet service network.In this way, GGSN 157 provides passing to and from the addressing of the packet of UE 102 and external packet business network (not shown).In addition, thus when the user's set of wireless network through permission passed a plurality of coverages and passes a plurality of SGSN, the role of GGSN 157 provided the static gateway in the data network externally.
In an illustrated embodiment, comprise a plurality of base stations (being called as Node B) 180 (for simplicity based on each public assembly of the cellular network of UMTS Terrestrial radio access network network (UTRAN), only show a Node B), the Radio Link 106 through permission (for example, adopting the Radio Link of the wireless frequency in the bandwidth of permission) that base station 180 is convenient to via correspondence provides radio communication service for each user's set 102.Yet, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in certain embodiments the wireless network through permitting can comprise other assembly, such as, GSM EDGE Radio Access Network network (GERAN).Fig. 3 shows an example that uses A and Gb Interface to insert the system of GERAN, will describe in more detail below.
Each RNC 175 is by the standard wireless network control unit interface, such as, Iu-cs shown in Fig. 1 and Iu-ps interface communicate with each assembly of core network 165.For example, RNC 175 communicates via UTRAN Iu-cs interface that is used for circuit-switched service and MSC 160.In addition, RNC175 is by GGSN 157, and the UTRAN Iu-ps interface via being used for packet switching service communicates with SGSN155.In addition, those of skill in the art recognize that in certain embodiments, also can adopt other network with other standard interface.For example, the RNC 175 in the GERAN network can use the base station controller (BSC) of communicating by letter with MSC 160 via the A interface of circuit-switched service to replace and use the BSC that communicates by letter with SGSN via the Gb Interface of the GERAN network that is used for packet switching service to replace.
In some embodiment of ICS structure, the second communication network of user's set 102 by being facilitated by ICS access interface 110 and general access network controller (GANC) 120 (being also referred to as universal network controller or UNC) uses the service of mobile core network (CN) 165.
In certain embodiments, the voice-and-data service is pushed into by ICS access interface 110, and ICS access interface 110 can be coupled to broadband IP network 116 communicatedly via access point 114.In certain embodiments, access point 114 is common WAP (wireless access point), and access point 114 is connected to the ICS network with user's set 102 by the unauthorized wireless network of being created by access point 114 118.In some other embodiment, access point 114 is the Femto sub-district access points (FAP) 114 that can be coupled to broadband IP network 116 communicatedly.FAP promotes short-range wireless communication sessions 118 through permission, and its operation is independent of the communication session 106 through permission.In certain embodiments, the zone of GANC, FAP, UE and FAP covering is referred to as the Femto cell system.The zone (being typically tens meters) that the Femto sub-district is crossed over is littler than macro cells.In other words, to be scope littler by 100 than the scope of macro cells in the Femto sub-district, 1000 or the microcellulor sub-district of more manying times.Under the situation of Femto cell system, user's set 102 is connected to the ICS network by short-range wireless network through permission of being created by FAP 114.Then, the signal from FAP is transmitted on broadband IP network 116.
Signaling from UE 102 is passed to GANC 120 by ICS access interface 110.After the authentication and mandate of GANC 120 execution to the user, GANC 120 uses the radio network controller interface with above-described UTRAN identical or similarly and comprise the UTRAN Iu-cs interface that is used for circuit-switched service and (for example be used for packet switching service, the radio network controller interface of UTRAN Iu-ps interface GPRS) communicates with each assembly of mobile core network 165.In this way, the identical or similar interface of GANC 120 uses is connected to the mobile core network as UTRAN wireless access net system (for example, Node B 180 and RNC 175).
In certain embodiments, one or more by among some other interfaces (that is, (1) " Up ", (2) " Wm ", (3) " D '/Gr ' ", (4) " Gn ' " and (5) " Sl ") of GANC 120 communicate with other system component of ICS system." Up " interface is the standard interface that is used for the session management between UE 102 and the GANC 120." Wm " interface is the standard interface that is used between GANC 120 and mandate, authentication and charging (AAA) server 170, is used for authentication and the mandate of UE 102 to ICS." D '/Gr ' " interface is the standard interface between aaa server 170 and the HLR 160.Alternatively, some embodiment use " Gn ' " interfaces, and this interface is modified interface, are used for data, services gateway (for example, direct communication GGSN) with mobile core network.Some embodiment comprise " Sl " interface alternatively.In these embodiments, " Sl " interface provides from GANC 120 to aaa server 140 mandate and authorization interface.In certain embodiments, support that the aaa server 140 of Sl interface can be identical with the aaa server 170 of supporting the Wm interface.U. S. application 11/349,025 has been described the more details of Sl interface, and its title is " the service access control interface that is used for unauthorized wireless communication system ", is filed on February 6th, 2006.
In certain embodiments, UE 102 must register on GANC 120 before inserting the ICS service.The register information of some embodiment comprises that the service of user's international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI), medium access control (MAC) address and Service Access Point is provided with identifier (SSID), and from the cell ID of GSM or UTRAN sub-district, UE102 has preempted this sub-district, and (when UE had finished cell selecting/re-selection process and selected sub-district, UE was in this sub-district preemption; UE supervisory control system information, and as a rule, this system information is a paging information).In certain embodiments, GANC120 can pass to this information aaa server 140, the user carried out authentication and to determine that this service (for example, voice-and-data) is that the user can use.If aaa server 140 approvals insert, GANC120 will allow UE 102 to insert the voice-and-data service of ICS system.
These circuit switching and packet switching service are seamlessly offered UE 102 by various interface described above by ICS.In certain embodiments, when UE 102 request msgs were served, ICS uses optional Gn ' interface to come directly and GGSN 157 communicates.Gn ' interface allows GANC 120 to avoid expense and the time of delay relevant with communicating by letter of SGSN 155 of carrying out with the Gb Interface of Iu-ps interface by UTRAN or GSM core network before arrival GGSN 157.
The application of B.ICS
ICS provides the upgradeable and safe interface in the Core Service Networks of mobile communication system.Fig. 2 shows the some application of the ICS among some embodiment.As shown in the figure, family, office, focus, hotel and other public place and private site 205 are connected to one or more network controllers 210 (such as, GANC 120 shown in Figure 1) by internet 215.Thereby network controller is connected to mobile core network 220 (all core networks 165 as shown in Figure 1).
Fig. 2 also shows some user's sets.These user's sets only are some examples that can be used for the user's set of each application.Although in most examples, every type user's set is only shown one, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the user's set that in these examples, also can use other type, and can not break away from technical scheme of the present invention.Equally, although among access point, user's set or the network controller every type only show one, also can adopt many this access points, user's set or network controller among Fig. 2.For example, access point can be connected to some user's sets, and network controller can be connected to some access points, and some network controllers can be connected to core network.Following subdivision provides some examples of the service that ICS can provide.
1.Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi access point 230 can receive high-performance, mobile service cheaply when making bimodulus honeycomb/Wi-Fi UE 260-265 in being in family, office or public Wi-Fi network range.Use bimodulus UE,, the user can roam between wireless communication system through permitting and Wi-Fi access and switch, and can receive the service of one group of unanimity when they change between network.
2.Femto sub-district
The Femto sub-district makes such as illustrated standard travelling carriage 270 and the computer 275 with radio function, can use short-range wireless communication sessions through permission receive service cheaply by user's set by FAP 235.
3. terminal adapter
4.WiMAX
Some wireless communication system operators through permission are studying the deployment of the WiMAX network that walks abreast with their existing cellular network.Bimodulus honeycomb/WiMAX UE 255 makes the user can be by WiMax access point 290 bumpless transfer between cellular network and such WiMAX network.
5. software travelling carriage (SoftMobile)
In the hotel kneetop computer 280 is connected to broadband access and Wi-Fi Hotspot and has become very general, particularly for the traveller of international business.In addition, a lot of travellers begin to utilize their kneetop computer and broadband connection to carry out voice communication.When carrying out long distance call, they utilize software travelling carriage (perhaps soft phone (SoftPhone)) and VoIP business, rather than use mobile phone to call out and pay a large amount of roaming charges.
The user can be placed into the USB memory stick 285 that has the SIM of embedding in the USB port of its kneetop computer 280 and use the software mobile station service.Software travelling carriage client can initiate automatically and be connected to the mobile service provider by IP.From this moment, the user can call out and receive mobile calls, just as in his home calling zone.
Some examples of the communication system of integrating (ICS) in following subdivision, have been provided.Those of ordinary skill in the art will be understood that the technical scheme in these examples can easily be made up.For example, ICS can be based on the system of IP and have the A/Gb interface that leads to core network, and another ICS can have similar IP-based system and have the Iu interface that leads to core network.
C. the system that has the integration of the A/Gb that leads to core network and/or Iu interface
Fig. 3 shows the functional structure of general access network (GAN) of the A/Gb-pattern of some embodiment.GAN comprises one or more general access network controllers (GANC) 310 and one or more general purpose I P access network 315.One or more UE 305 (for the sake of simplicity, only illustrating one among the figure) can be connected to GANC 310 by general purpose I P access network 315.GANC 310 has the ability that core network 325 is shown as GSM EDGE Radio Access Network network (GERAN) base station controller (BSC).GANC 310 comprises security gateway (SeGW) 320, and it has stopped the safety long-distance incoming tunnel from UE 305, and this security gateway 320 is provided for mutual authentication, encryption and the data integrity of signaling, voice communications versus data communications (datatraffic).
General purpose I P access network 315 provides the connection between UE 305 and the GANC 310.IP transmission connection extends to UE 305 from GANC 310.Between GANC 310 and UE 305, defined single interface, that is, and the Up interface.
GAN and GERAN exist jointly, and via being the standard interface maintenance of GERAN definition and interconnecting of core network (CN) 325.These standard interfaces are included in the A interface that is used for circuit-switched service of mobile switching centre (MSC) 330, to the Gb Interface that is used for packet switching service of Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) 335, to the Lb interface that is used to support positioning service of Serving Mobile Location Center (SMLC) 350, and to the interface that is used to support cell broadcast service of CBC (CBC) 355.Affairs controls (for example, connection management, CC and session management, SM) and user's service are to be provided by core network (for example, MSC/VLR and SGSN/GGSN).
As shown in the figure, SeGW 320 is connected to aaa server 340 by the Wm interface.Aaa server 340 is used for, and when UE 305 sets up secure tunnel, this UE 305 is carried out authentication.Some embodiment only need a subclass among every Wm function when being used for the GAN application.In these embodiments, GANC-SeGW should support the Wm authentication process at least.
Fig. 4 shows Iu-pattern general access network (GAN) functional structure of some embodiment.GAN comprises one or more general access network controllers (GANC) 410 and one or more general purpose I P access network 415.One or more UE 405 (for the sake of simplicity, only illustrating one among the figure) can be connected to GANC 410 by general purpose I P access network 415.Compare with GANC 310, GANC 410 has the ability that core network 425 is shown as UMTS Terrestrial radio access network network (UTRAN) radio network controller (RNC).In certain embodiments, GANC has and not only supports the Iu interface but also support the extended capability of A/Gb interface with the UE that supports Iu pattern and A/Gb pattern simultaneously.Similar with GANC 310, GANC 410 comprises security gateway (SeGW) 420, it stops the safety long-distance incoming tunnel from UE 405, and this security gateway (SeGW) 420 is provided for mutual authentication, encryption and the data integration of signaling, voice communications versus data communications.
General purpose I P access network 415 provides the connection between UE 405 and the GANC 410.IP transmission connection extends to UE 405 from GANC 410.Between GANC 410 and UE 405, defined single interface, the Up interface.With respect to UP interface shown in Figure 3, this interface has been increased function, to support the GAN service of Iu pattern.
GAN and UTRAN exist jointly, and via being the standard interface maintenance of UTRAN definition and interconnecting of core network (CN) 425.These standard interfaces are included in the Iu-cs interface that is used for circuit-switched service of mobile switching centre (MSC) 430, to the Iu-ps interface that is used for packet switching service of Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) 435, to the Iu-pc interface that is used to support positioning service of Serving Mobile Location Center (SMLC) 450, and to the Iu-bc interface that is used to support cell broadcast service of CBC (CBC) 455.Affairs controls (for example, connection management, CC and session management, SM) and user's service are to be provided by core network (for example, MSC/VLR and SGSN/GGSN).
As shown in the figure, SeGW 420 is connected to aaa server 440 by the Wm interface.Aaa server 440 is used for, and when UE 405 sets up secure tunnel, this UE 405 is carried out authentication.Some embodiment only need a subclass among the Wm function when the GAN that is used for the Iu pattern uses.In these embodiments, GANC-SeGW should support the Wm authentication process at least.
II.FEMTO cell system structure
Fig. 5 shows the Femto cell system functional structure of some embodiment.As shown in the figure, many assemblies of system shown in Figure 5 and the component class among Fig. 4 are seemingly.In addition, the Femto cell system comprises Femto sub-district access point (FAP) 560, and this Femto sub-district access point (FAP) 560 can be coupled to GANC 510 by general purpose I P access network 515 communicatedly with UE 505.In the disclosure, the interface between UE 505 and the FAP560 is called as the Uu interface.UE 505 and FAP 560 use the wireless frequency through permission to communicate by short-range wireless air interface.GANC510 is the enhancing version of GANC 410 shown in Figure 4.The security gateway of GANC 510 (SeGW) 520 assemblies stop the safety long-distance incoming tunnel from FAP 560, and this security gateway (SeGW) 520 assemblies are provided for mutual authentication, encryption and the data integration of signaling, voice-and-data business.
Femto sub-district access point (AP) management system (AMS) 570 is used to manage a large amount of FAP.AMS 570 functions comprise configuration, fault management, diagnosis, monitoring and software upgrading.Interface between AMS 570 and the FAP 560 is called as the S3 interface.The S3 interface makes FAP can insert Femto sub-district access point management service safely.All communications between FAP and the AMS exchange via Femto sub-district secure tunnel, and this Femto sub-district secure tunnel is based upon between FAP and the SeGW 520.As shown in the figure, AMS 570 inserts AP/ customer data base (Femt sub-district DB) 575, and this AP/ customer data base is provided for Femto sub-district AP and (that is, FAP) stores facility with the intensive data of user profile.A plurality of Femto cell system elements can insert Femto sub-district DB via aaa server.
IP network controller (INC) 565 assemblies of GANC 510 are connected by the S1 interface with AAA/ acting server 540, with supply information and the service access control relevant with FAP.As shown in Figure 5, AAA/ acting server 540 also is connected by interface with AP/ customer data base 575.
A. based on the structure of ATM and IP
In certain embodiments, the Femto cell system uses the ATM(Asynchronous Transfer Mode) based on Iu (Iu-cs and the Iu-ps) interface that leads to CN.In certain embodiments, Femto cell system structure also can support to lead to IP-based Iu (Iu-cs and the Iu-ps) interface of CN.
One skilled in the art will appreciate that same example can easily be applied to the ICS of other type.For example, when ICS access interface 110 (as shown in fig. 1) uses unauthorized frequency (rather than frequency through permission of Femto sub-district), when access point 114 is general WiFi access point (rather than FAP), or the like, can use these examples.Equally, one skilled in the art will appreciate that and easily to use A/Gb interface (as described above) to replace the Iu interface to implement these examples.
Fig. 6 shows each primary element of the Femto cell system structure with the Iu that leads to CN (Iu-cs and the Iu-ps) interface based on ATM(Asynchronous Transfer Mode) among some embodiment.These elements comprise user's set (UE) 605, FAP 610 and general access network controller (GANC) 615, and AMS 670.
For brevity, only show a UE and a FAP among the figure.Yet each GANC can support a plurality of FAP, and each FAP can support a plurality of UE.As shown in the figure, GANC 615 comprises IP network controller (INC) 625, GANC security gateway (SeGW) 630, GANC SGW 635, GANC media gateway (MGW) 640 and ATM gateway (645).Below further described each element of Femto sub-district.
Fig. 7 shows each primary element of the Femto cell system structure of IP-based Iu (Iu-cs and the Iu-ps) interface that leads to CN having among some embodiment.For brevity, only show a UE and a FAP among the figure.Yet each GANC can support a plurality of FAP, and each FAP can support a plurality of UE.This possibility has been eliminated the needs to GANC SGW 635 and ATM gateway 645.Alternatively, for IP-based Iu interface, if the termination that the R4MGW among the CN 705 can the support voice data, promptly, as defined RTP frame hereinafter: " Real-Time TransportProtocol (RTP) Payload Format and File Storage Format for the AdaptiveMulti-Rate (AMR) and Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband (AMR-WB) AudioCodecs ", IETF RFC 3267, be called " RFC 3267 " hereinafter, GANC media gateway 640 also can be eliminated.
Also show each assembly among Fig. 6 and 7 through the wireless communication system of permission.These assemblies are 3GMSC 650,3G SGSN 655 and other core network system (being illustrated in together among the figure) 665.3GMSC 650 provides the standard I u-cs that leads to GANC interface.Fig. 7 shows another alternative embodiments of MSC.As shown in the figure, MSC 750 is divided into MSS (MSC server) 775 that is used for based on the signaling of Iu-cs and the MGW 780 that is used for bearer path.R4 MSC 750 is release 4 versions with 3G MSC of different structure, that is, R4MSC is divided into the MGW that is used to control professional MSS and is used to handle carrier.For the atm fabric of Fig. 6, can use similar MSC.Two kinds of structures shown in Fig. 6 and 7 also can both be applicable to the MSC of use version in any future.
For brevity, in some diagrams of the application, only show the INC assembly of GANC.Equally, when no matter when INC is as the assembly of GANC, be interchangeable to quoting of INC and GANC.
B. functional entity
1. user's set (UE)
UE comprises the required function of GAN that inserts the Iu-pattern.In certain embodiments, UE also comprises the required function of GAN that inserts the A/Gb-pattern in addition.In certain embodiments, user's set (UE) is bimodulus (for example, a GSM and unauthorized radio) handheld device, has the ability of switching between two kinds of patterns.User's set can be supported
Or IEEE 802.11 agreements.In certain embodiments, UE supports to be connected to the IP interface of access point.In these embodiments, the IP connection from GANC extends to UE always.In some other embodiment, user's set (UE) is the standard 3G handheld device of working on the frequency spectrum of permission in provider.
In certain embodiments, user's set comprise be used for through the permission or unauthorized wireless network on communicate be equipped with user identity move (SIM) card cell phone, smart phone, personal digital assistant or computer.In addition, in certain embodiments, be equipped with the computer of SIM card to communicate by wireline communication network.
Alternately, in certain embodiments, user's set comprises fixed wireless device, and fixed wireless device provides one group of terminal adapter function so that Integrated Service Digital Network(ISDN) (ISDN), SIP (SIP) or Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) terminal are connected to ICS.The equipment of the type used the invention enables wireless service provider to provide so-called landline alternative service, even those users that fully do not covered for customer location by wireless network through permission to the user.In addition, some embodiment of terminal adapter are used for ISDN, SIP or POTS terminal (for example are connected to different communication network, IP network) fixedly wireline equipment, but the alternate embodiment of terminal adapter provides the wireless equivalent function that connects by wireless network unauthorized or through permitting.
2.Femto sub-district access point (FAP)
FAP is the access point through permission, and it provides standard air interfaces (Uu) to connect to be used for UE.FAP uses the standard GAN interface (Up) of revised edition to provide Radio Access Network to connect as UE.In certain embodiments, FAP is equipped with standard 3G USIM or 2G SIM.
According to some embodiment, FAP 610 will be arranged in fixed structure, in family or office building.In certain embodiments, the service area of FAP comprises the indoor section of building, can comprise the outdoor section in building or place although be appreciated that service area.
3. general access network controller (GANC)
4. broadband IP network
All elements that the IP between GANC SeGW 520 functions and the FAP 560 connects are jointly supported in broadband IP network 515 representatives.This comprises: (1) other client device (Other Customerpremise equipment) (for example, the DSL/ cable modem, the WLAN switch, residential gateway/router, switch, hub, the WLAN access point), (2) network system of broadband access technology special use (for example, DSLAM or CMTS), (3) ISP IP network system (edge router, core router, fire compartment wall), (4) wireless service provider (WSP) IP network system (edge router, core router, fire compartment wall), and, (5) Network address translators (NAT) function, independently or be integrated among one or more among the said system.
5.AP management system (AMS)
Some embodiment of the said equipment, such as user's set, FAP or GANC, comprise electronic building brick, such as microprocessor and memory (not shown), storage computation machine program command in machine readable or computer-readable medium (such as being used to carry out the instruction of wireless protocols with Managing speech and data, services) further describes in this " computer system " that will mark below joint.The example of machine readable media or computer-readable medium includes but not limited to, such as the magnetizing mediums of hard disk, memory module, tape, such as the optical medium of CD-ROM and hologram device, such as the magnetic-light medium of CD, and the hardware device that becomes storage and executive program code such as the special configuration of application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC), programmable logic device (PLD), ROM and RAM equipment.The example of computer program or computer code comprises such as the machine code that is produced by compiler and comprises the file of being carried out high-level code by computer, electronic building brick or microprocessor use interpreter.
III.FEMTO sub-district protocol architecture
A.CS territory-control plane structure
Fig. 8 shows the GAN Femto cell structure of the support CS territory control plane of some embodiment.The figure shows the different agreement layer that is used for UE 805, FAP 810, general purpose I P network 815, SeGW 820, INC 825 and MSC 830.Fig. 8 also shows three interfaces---Uu 840, Up 845 and Iu-cs 850.
1. the Up interface that is used for CS territory control plane
The principal character of Up interface 845 that is used for CS territory control plane is as follows.The general connection that bottom Access Layer (underlying Access Layer) 846 and transmission IP layer 848 provide between FAP 810 and the GANC (it comprises SeGW 820 and INC 825).IPSec encapsulating security payload (ESP) layer 850 provides to be encrypted and the data integration.
GA-CSR 858 agreements are carried out the function with the equivalence of UTRAN RRC agreement, use the bottom by the GA-RC854 management to connect.Such as MM 860 and above agreement, between UE 805 and MSC 830, transported pellucidly.GANC uses the information receiving of Radio Access Network Application Part (RANAP) 862, stops GA-CSR 858 agreements and its reciprocation is arrived Iu-cs 850 interfaces.
B.CS territory-user plane structure
Fig. 9 shows the GAN Femto sub-district protocol architecture of the support CS territory user plane of some embodiment.The figure shows the different agreement layer that is used for UE 905, FAP 910, general purpose I P network 915, SeGW 920, media GW 925 and MSC 930.Fig. 9 also shows three interfaces---Uu 935, Up 940 and Iu-cs 945.
The principal character of CS territory user plane is as follows.The general connection that bottom Access Layer 950 and transmission IP layer 952 provide between FAP 910 and the GANC.IPSec layer 954 provides to be encrypted and the data integration.
FAP 910 makes CS user data 956 (receiving by air interface) frame of RFC 3267 definition.RFC 3267 user data 958 are transferred to GANC media GW925 on the Up interface.GANC media GW 925 will provide and the reciprocation function 960 of leading to the Iu-UP (for example, support mode (SupportMode)) of CN.In certain embodiments, Iu-UP uses ATM as the transport sector between CN and the GANC media GW 925.In certain embodiments, Iu-Up uses IP as the transport sector between CN and the GANC media GW925.In certain embodiments, CS territory user plane structural support AMR codec is as hereinafter stipulating: " AMR speech codec; General description ", 3GPP TS 26.071 standards are supported other codec alternatively.In certain embodiments, Iu-cs data transfer layer 970 is according to TS 25.414.
C.PS territory-control plane structure
Figure 10 shows the GAN Femto cell structure of the support PS territory control plane of some embodiment.The figure shows the different agreement layer that is used for UE 1005, FAP 1010, general purpose I P network 1015, SeGW 1020, INC1025 and SGSN 1030.Figure 10 also shows three interfaces---Uu1040, Up1045 and Iu-ps1050.
The principal character of Up interface 1045 that is used for PS territory control plane is as follows.The general connection that bottom Access Layer 1052 and transmission IP layer 1054 provide between FAP 1010 and the GANC.IPSec layer 1056 provides to be encrypted and the data integration.
Transported by transparent between UE 1005 and CN such as the upper-layer protocol 1064 that is used for GMM, SM and SMS.GANC stops GA-PSR 1060 agreements and uses RANAP 1070 that its reciprocation is arrived Iu-ps interface 1050.In certain embodiments, Iu-ps signaling transport layer 1080 is according to TS25.412.
D.PS territory-user plane structure
Figure 11 shows the GAN Femto cell structure that is used for PS territory user plane of some embodiment.The figure shows the different agreement layer that is used for UE 1105, FAP 1110, general purpose I P network 1115, SeGW 1120, packet gateway (grouping GW) 1125 and SGSN 1130.Figure 11 also shows three interfaces---Uu 1135, Up 1140 and Iu-ps 1145.
The principal character of Up interface 1140 that is used for PS territory user plane is as follows.The general connection that bottom Access Layer 1150 and transmission IP layer 1155 provide between FAP 1110 and the GANC.IPSec layer 1160 provides to be encrypted and the data integration.GTP-U 1170 agreements are worked between FAP 1110 and SGSN 1130, through Up 1140 and Iu-ps interface 1145 transmission upper strata payload (that is user plane data).
E. alternate embodiments
In certain embodiments, be not to use independently CSR and PSR agreement to be used for the communication of carrying out between FAP and the GANC, described in this specification, use be single agreement, that is, and general access Radio Resource control (GA-RRC).In these embodiments, GA-CSR 858 (shown in Figure 8) and GA-PSR 1060 (shown in Figure 10) protocol layer are replaced by a protocol layer GA-RRC.The details of GA-RRC protocol architecture and information receiving are further described in following patent application: U.S. Patent application 11/778,040, title are " Generic Access to the Iu Interface ", are filed in July 14 in 2007.This application is combined in herein by reference.Those skilled in the art can be applied to the GA-RRC agreement with the disclosure about GA-CSR and GA-PSR agreement of this application.
IV. resource management
A.GA-RC (general access-in resource control)
The GA-RC agreement provides the resource management layer with following function.(1) find and register to GANC, (2) register to GANC with renewal, and (3) application layer keeps and GANC continuation effect (keep-alive), and (4) support is used to the identification of the FAP of Femto sub-district access.
1.GA-RC the state of sublayer
Figure 12 shows the different conditions of the GA-RC sublayer among the FAP among some embodiment.As shown in the figure, the GA-RC sublayer among the FAP can be under a kind of state among the following two states: GA-RC-nullifies registration 1205 or GA-RC-registered 1210.
FAP creates for each equipment of its registration and keeps the independently state of GA-RC sublayer.For example, if three UE of FAP registration, FAP is for these three UE establishments and keep three independently GA-RC sublayers.Equally, FAP supports the registration to two types equipment, that is, and and FAP and UE.Based on the type of equipment, the function of GA-RC sublayer can change.
A) device type is the GA-RC sublayer of FAP
For the FAP device type, the GA-RC sublayer is in GA-RC-cancellation enrollment status 1205 when FAP switches on.At this state, FAP does not successfully register to GANC.When being in GA-RC-cancellation enrollment status 1205, FAP can begin registration process.TCP or IPSec connect or under the situation of execution cancellation registration process, FAP turns back to GA-RC-and nullifies enrollment status 1205 losing.When being transformed into GA-RC-and nullifying enrollment status 1205, FAP must trigger current to the implicit cancellation registration of all UE of FAP preemption.
At the registered state 1210 of GA-RC-, FAP is registered to service GANC (Serving GANC).FAP has the ipsec tunnel of having set up that leads to service GANC and is connected with TCP, is connected with TCP by this ipsec tunnel, and FAP can exchange GA-RC, GA-CSR and GA-PSR signaling message with GANC.When FAP remained on the registered state 1210 of GA-RC-, its carried out the maintenance and the GANC continuation effect of application layer.
B) device type is the GA-RC sublayer of UE
For the UE device type, when the UE roaming had entered and created TCP connection subsequently between FAP and GANC, (being used for each UE's) the GA-RC sublayer among the FAP was in GA-RC-and nullifies enrollment status 1205.At this state, UE as yet not (by FAP) successfully registers to GANC.When the GA-RC sublayer of UE special use was in GA-RC-cancellation enrollment status 1205, FAP can begin registration process.TCP or IPSec connect or under the situation of execution cancellation registration process, the GA-RC sublayer turns back to GA-RC-and nullifies enrollment status 1205 losing.When losing the TCP connection, FAP can attempt rebuliding corresponding TCP session and carry out Synchronous Processing.The fault that successfully rebulids in the TCP session will cause the conversion that enrollment status 1205 is nullified in generation in the GA-RC layer to GA-RC-.Be in GA-RC-cancellation enrollment status 1205 if be used for the corresponding GA-RC sublayer of FAP, the GA-RC sublayer that is used for UE also can be transformed into GA-RC-and nullify enrollment status 1205.
At the registered state 1210 of GA-RC-, UE (by FAP) successfully registers to service GANC.The ipsec tunnel of sharing that leads to service GANC that FAP has foundation is connected with new TCP, is connected with new TCP by this ipsec tunnel, and FAP can exchange GA-RC, GA-CSR and GA-PSR signaling message (for each registered UE) with GANC.For each UE device type, about corresponding TCP session, FAP will carry out the maintenance and the GANC continuation effect of application layer.
At the registered state of GA-RC-, UE is to the preemption of Femto sub-district, and UE can be idle, also can activity in the Femto sub-district (for example, RRC connects and may be established).In certain embodiments, Kong Xian UE is the current UE that does not engage in the speech or data communication.
B.GA-CSR (general place in circuit exchange resource)
The GA-CSR agreement provides the circuit-switched service resource management layer, this layer is supported following function: (1) sets up the transmission channel that is used for the CS business between FAP and GANC, (2) at UE (perhaps FAP, if FAP supports local service) and core network between directly transmit NAS message, and, other function of (3) such as CS paging and security configuration.
1.GA-CSR the state of sublayer
Figure 13 shows the state diagram of the GA-CSR of the FAP that is used for each UE among some embodiment.As shown in the figure, (being used for each UE's) the GA-CSR sublayer among the FAP can be in two states: GA-CSR-idle 1305 or GA-CSR-has connected 1310.
When in each UE roams into the coverage of FAP and by FAP this UE successfully being registered to service GANC, the GA-CSR state of this UE enters GA-CSR-idle condition 1305.This switching is just to take place during at the registered state 1210 of GA-RC-at the GA-RC of UE state only.
When the GA-CSR connection was established, UE GA-CSR became GA-CSR-connection status 1310 from GA-CSR-idle condition 1305, and turned back to GA-CSR-idle condition 1305 when being released when GA-CSR connects.When discharging the GA-CSR connection, representative does not exist the indication of special-purpose CS resource to be passed to the upper strata.
The GA-CSR that is used for each UE connects typically when the upper layer message (NAS layer) of particular UE need be with network exchange by FAP foundation.GA-CSR connects release can be triggered by GANC or FAP.If FAP supports to use the local service (terminal adapter function) of FAP SIM, FAP will have similar GA-CSR state.
C.GA-PSR (general access packet-switched resources)
The GA-PSR agreement provides the packet switching service resource management layer, this layer is supported following function: (1) sets up the transmission channel that is used for the PS business between FAP (for each UE) and network, (2) between UE and PS core network, directly transmit NAS message, (3) transmit the GPRS user plane data, and, other function of (4) such as PS paging and security configuration.
1.GA-PSR the state of sublayer
Figure 14 shows the state diagram of the GA-PSR of the FAP that is used for each UE among some embodiment.As shown in the figure, the GA-PSR sublayer that is used for each UE can be in two states: GA-PSR-idle 1405 or GA-PSR-has connected 1410.
In each UE roams into the coverage of FAP and FAP when this UE is successfully registered to service GANC, the GA-PSR state of this UE enters GA-PSR-idle condition 1405.This switching is just to take place during at the registered state 1210 of GA-RC-at the GA-RC of UE state only.
When the GA-PSR connection was established, UE GA-PSR became GA-PSR-connection status 1410 from the GA-PSR-idle condition, and turned back to GA-PSR-idle condition 1405 when being released when GA-PSR connects.When discharging the GA-PSR connection, representative does not exist the indication of special-purpose PS resource to be passed to the upper strata.The GA-PSR that is used for each UE connects typically when the upper layer message (NAS layer) of particular UE need be with network exchange by FAP foundation.GA-PSR connects release can be triggered by GANC or FAP.
GA-PSR transmission channel (GA-PSR TC) provides the contact between FAP (for each UE) and the GANC, to be used for transmission PS user data on the Up interface.This will further describe in " GA-PSR transmission channel management process " joint below.If FAP supports to use the local service (terminal adapter function) of FAP SIM, will be useful on similar GA-PSR state and the GA-PSR TC of FAP.
D.GA-CSR and GA-PSR connection processing
It is respectively that FAP and the logic between the GANC that is used for CS territory and PS territory connects that GA-CSR and GA-PSR connect.When the upper strata request among the FAP sets up that CS (or PS) domain signaling connects and corresponding GA-CSR (or GA-PSR) is in the GA-CSR-free time (or GA-PSR-free time) during state, promptly, when between FAP and GANC, not existing the GA-CSR (or GA-PSR) that is used for particular UE to connect, set up GA-CSR (or GA-PSR) and connect.In certain embodiments, when receiving higher layer (that is, the NAS layer) message of the correspondence that is used for particular UE by air interface (that is, by RRC connect) as FAP, the upper strata request among the FAP is set up GA-CSR (or GA-PSR) and is connected.In certain embodiments, between UE and FAP, utilize single RRC to connect and be used for CS and two territories of PS.
When network receives success response, GA-CSR (or GA-PSR) replys the upper strata, shows that CS (or PS) domain signaling set up and entered corresponding connected mode (that is, GA-CSR-has connected or GA-PSR-connection status).The upper strata then might ask GA-CSR (or GA-PSR) connection by correspondence to be used for CS (or PS) service NAS message to Network Transmission.
1.FAP connecting, sets up the GA-CSR that initiates
Figure 15 shows the successful foundation that the GA-CSR when being initiated by FAP 1505 among some embodiment connects.As shown in the figure, FAP 1505 (in step 1), begins GA-CSR and connects foundation by send the GA-CSR request message to INC 1510.This message comprises sets up reason (EstablishmentCause), sets up the reason that GA-CSR connects with indication.
Discharge 2.GA-CSR connect
Figure 16 shows the release that FAP 1605 among some embodiment and the logic GA-CSR between the INC 1610 connect.As shown in the figure, MSC 1615 (discharges the CS resource (control and user-plane resources) of distributing to FAP 1605 via the Iu release command message to INC 1610 indications in step 1).INC 1610 uses the Iu Release complete to confirm that to MSC 1615 (in step 2) resource discharges.
INC 1610 uses the order of GA-CSR release message (to discharge the resource that is used for the particular UE connection at step 3) FAP 1605.FAP 1605 uses the GA-CSR Release complete to confirm (discharge in the step 4) resource, and the GA-CSR state among the FAP 1605 to become the GA-CSR-free time to INC 1610.
3.FAP connecting, sets up the GA-PSR that initiates
Figure 17 shows the successful foundation that the GA-PSR when being initiated by FAP 1705 among some embodiment connects.As shown in the figure, FAP 1705 (at step 1) GA-PSR request message, begins GA-PSR and connects foundation by sending to INC 1710.This message comprises sets up reason, sets up the reason that GA-PSR connects with indication.
Discharge 4.GA-PSR connect
Figure 18 shows the release that FAP 1805 among some embodiment and the logic GA-PSR between the GANC connect.As shown in the figure, SGSN 1815 (discharges the PS resource (control and user-plane resources) of distributing to FAP via the Iu release command message to INC 1810 indications in step 1).
V. mobile management
The A.UE addressing
When the FAP registration was attempted taking the particular UE of this FAP, FAP offered INC with the IMSI relevant with SIM or USIM among the UE.INC keeps the record of each registered UE.For example, when INC received the RANAP beep-page message, INC used IMSI to seek suitable UE record.
The addressing of B.Femto sub-district
When FAP registered, FAP offered INC with the IMSI relevant with SIM or USIM among this FAP.INC keeps the record of each registered FAP.
When the ipsec tunnel of GANC security gateway was led in FAP foundation, the public ip address of this FAP was used by FAP.This identifier offers aaa server by the GANC security gateway.In certain embodiments, this identifier is made by the GANC network system and is used for supporting positioning service (comprising E911) and fraud detection.In certain embodiments, the QoS of the IP stream in the serviced provider of this identifier IP network that is used for supporting to be managed.
The private ip address of FAP (being also referred to as " remote ip address ") is used by FAP " in ipsec tunnel ".When the service of FAP registration Femto sub-district, this identifier offers aaa server by INC via the Sl interface.This identifier can be used for supporting positioning service (comprising E911) and fraud detection by Femto subzone network system in the future.
In certain embodiments, access point ID (AP-ID) is the MAC Address of Femto sub-district access point, and by this access point, UE is just inserting the service of Femto sub-district.When the service of FAP registration Femto sub-district, this identifier offers INC by FAP via the Up interface, and offers aaa server by INC via the Sl interface.AP-ID can be used for supporting that positioning service (comprises E911 by Femto subzone network system, be described in " location-based route " one joint below), and can serviced provider be used for restriction and only carry out the service of Femto sub-district by authorized FAP and insert (being described in " the service access control of Femto sub-district " joint below).
The C.Femto cell identification
What time Femto cell identification strategy has below been described.
1. lane place, route district, service area identification
In order to promote the mobile management function among the UMTS, the area of coverage is divided into the logic registration zone that is called as lane place (being used for the CS territory) and route district (being used for the PS territory).UE need register to network when service position district (or route district) changes.One or more lane place identification codes (LAI) can be associated with each MSC/VLR in the carrier network.Equally, can control one or more Routing Area Identifiers (RAI) with single S GSN.
Especially, when UE is in idle pulley and UE and connects without any movable RRC, use LA and RA.When the activity wireless connections are unavailable, the paging that CN will use the LA (being used for the CS territory) that learns at last and RA (being used for the PS territory) to be used for travelling carriage.
Service Area Identifier symbol (SAI) sign belongs to the zone of being made up of one or more sub-districts in same position district.SAI is the subclass of lane place and can be used for indicating the position of UE to CN.SAI also can be used to urgent call routing and charging purpose.
Service area code (SAC) is 16 bits in certain embodiments, constitutes the Service Area Identifier symbol together with PLMN-Id and lane place code (LAC).
SAI＝PLMN-Id||LAC||SAC
In certain embodiments, be necessary to distribute unique LAI, so that detect UE moving from grand network to FAP or from a FAP to another FAP to each FAP.When UE when grand network moves to FAP, UE can select logic preempt FAP via its internal zone.Yet, if UE is in idle pulley, between UE and FAP, will have message and be exchanged, like this, FAP is difficult to detect the existence of UE.In order to trigger the initial message from UE, at this UE during to specific FAP preemption, FAP is assigned with lane place with uniqueness with needs, is different from contiguous macro cells.This will cause the MM layer of UE to trigger via the sub-district that is preempted, that is, and and FAP and mail to the location update message of CN.
UE moving from a FAP to another FAP also must be detected.The cell selecting of UE can be selected contiguous FAP, and it will be to this contiguous FAP preemption, and without any tangible information receiving.If but the tangible information receiving that does not begin, the service access control (SAC) of contiguous FAP may not allow this specific UE preemption, and contiguous FAP can't detect and refuse subsequently this UE.
MCC and the MNC assembly of supposing each operator's LAI are maintained fixed, and then can make the LAC that distributes to FAP be different from contiguous grand network cell and other contiguous FAP by distributing unique LAC to guarantee the LAI uniqueness for each FAP.
Yet the LAC space is limited, is 64K (because restriction of 16 bit LAC attributes of regulation in " numbering, addressing and identification ") to the maximum, and 3GPP TS 23.003 hereinafter is called " TS 23.003 ".Therefore, the LAC allocative decision must be provided for the mechanism of reusing LAC of upgradeable solution, simultaneously, minimizes the operating collision of existing CN element (MSC/SGSN).
In certain embodiments, use following solution to satisfy above-mentioned requirements.LAC distributes and to be divided into two independently classes: (1) is by the LAC pond of FAP/AMS management and (2) LAC (one each " Iu " interface) by a group of INC management.
FAP/AMS uses first group of LAC to come to distribute unique LAC for each FAP, make this allocation result (at least) satisfy following the requirement: (1) will be about contiguous macro cells and the uniqueness of other FAP (this will guarantee that initial message from UE is used for the Femto cell selecting and roams in the coverage), and the conflict between (2) LAC of solve sharing, but a plurality of FAP that wherein share same LAC are not contiguous are inserted (this will allow to use the refusal code of " LA is not allowed to " to carry out UE and refuse) by same UE.
Second group of LAC (much smaller one group) is as follows by management in each INC, following key request is arranged: (1) minimizes the conflict (such as minimum configuration and operating collision) of existing CN element, (2) existing capability that will be used for the route of urgent call seamlessly is incorporated into suitable substance P SAP, and (3) seamlessly integrate the existing capability that is used to generate the suitable call detail record (CDR) that is used for billing purpose.
In order to satisfy the above-mentioned requirements to second group of LAC, each INC representative is used for " super LA (SuperLA) " of given Iu interface (that is MSC+SGSN interface).This implicit this MSC/SGSN can be the single super RAI information of super LAI/ of this INC configuration.It should be noted that this does not limit the operator and if necessary disposes the super RAI of a plurality of super LAI/ (for example, for the zone that single INC served further is subdivided into a plurality of geographic areas).
In addition, INC should utilize following mapping function to distribute super LA:(1) when by grand coverings of FAP report, INC should support the grand mapping of covering super LAC, super RAC and serving area code (SAC) reported.The quantity of the SAC that uses (for example will depend on the selected area distribution of operator, be used for urgent call route, charging etc.) the size of space, and (2) are not when the FAP report has grand covering, INC should have the following logic that super LAC/RAC/SAC distributes that is used for: (a) via the S1 interface, for given FAP IMSI, to the information of AAA inquiry about " the grand covering of supply ".If S1 reports grand covering (based on institute's canned data among the user DB), INC uses the grand information of S1 to shine upon super LAC/RAC/SAC as described above, if and (b) according to S1 inquiry not about the information of grand covering, INC is mapped to the super LAC/RAC/SAC of acquiescence with FAP; (this may cause INC to route traffic toward CN under suboptimum mechanism).In order to prevent that this hypo-optimal route is routed to default MSC/SGSN with the UE business, can adopt following additional the enhancing to FAP: (i) when UE roams among this " nothing covers " FAP, FAP can upgrade (LU) request Information Monitoring (because UE will report the LAI of preemption recently) from the initial position of UE, (ii) FAP can and make up the grand coverage information (quantity of the UE that adopts for the grand covering of deriving can follow algorithm relevant) of " derivations " from a plurality of UE acquisition of informations, (iii) use the grand coverage information of this derivation, FAP will send the GA-RC registration and upgrade uplink message to INC, and (iv) INC will adopt the grand coverage information of reporting via GA-RC registration renewal uplink message, as described above FAP will be mapped to suitable super LAC/RAC/SAC.
The LAI of the uniqueness of each FAP is also implying unique RAI, because RAI is made up of LAI and route area code (RAC).After FAP successfully registered, LAI and RAI were sent to FAP via " system information " attribute.On the other hand, SAI is relayed to CN in " initial UE message " (being used for transmitting initial L3 message from UE to CN).
FAP is desirably in the NAS message provides super LAC/RAC to replace (for example, LU accepts or RAU accepts) from network to UE.FAP must be with the LAC/RAC information that is sent to the suitable assignment of logical in the message of the UE of FAP preemption, replaces being included in " super LAC/RAC " in the relevant NAS message of automatic network.
2.3G cell identification
3G sub-district Id is identifying the sub-district in PLMN clearly.The 3G cell identifier consists of the following components.
3G sub-district Id=RNC-Id (12 bit)+sub-district Id (16 bit)
In certain embodiments, RNC-Id is that 12 bits and sub-district Id are 16 bits, makes that like this 3G sub-district Id is the value of 28 bits.3G sub-district Id among the UMTS is managed in UTRAN, and is not exposed to CN.Therefore, the cell allocation logic can be confined to UTRAN, as long as it can guarantee the uniqueness in the given PLMN.
Originally, the 3G sub-district Id that distributes to each FAP is different from its contiguous Femto sub-district, to comprise the bulletin (advertisement) of same sub-district Id in the system information broadcast of avoiding two adjacent FAP to send, it is ad-hoc rather than by the actual conditions of operator's control that the physics of considering FAP is disposed.In certain embodiments, each INC will be supplied statically with unique RNC-Id, and this RNC-id will be delivered to FAP via system information between record time.FAP will be responsible for the local sub-district Id that distributes 16 bits, and use RNC-Id that INC is supplied and the combination of the local sub-district Id that distributes to make up the 3G sub-district.
The configuration of D.Femto cell operation
Two kinds of possible Femto cell operation configurations are arranged: common core configuration and individual cores configuration.In the common core configuration, the UTRAN of Femto sub-district LAI and umbrella (umbrella UTRAN) (for example, serve user's neighbours' UTRAN) LAI be different, and network is designed to, make identical core-network entities (that is, MSC and SGSN) not only serve the Femto sub-district but also serve the UMTS sub-district of umbrella.
The major advantage of this configuration is, user's moving between the Femto cell footprint and the UMTS area of coverage can not cause between system (that is MAP) signaling (for example, the position is upgraded and transferred in MSC).The major advantage of this configuration is, requires to coordinate Femto sub-district and the traffic engineered design of UMTS (traffic engineering); For example, for MSC ﹠amp; The purpose of SGSN capacity planning.
In independent core configuration, the LAI of the UTRAN of Femto sub-district LAI and umbrella is different, and network is designed to, and makes different core-network entities serve the UMTS sub-district of Femto sub-district and umbrella.
The advantage of this configuration is that Femo sub-district and the design of UMTS network project can be more independent than the common core configuration.The shortcoming of this configuration is, the mobile meeting of user between the Femto cell footprint and the UMTS area of coverage causes the (that is MAP) signaling, between system.
The registration of E.Femto sub-district
Femto sub-district registration process does not relate to any signaling that sends to PLMN foundation structure, and integral body is included in (that is, between FAP, INC and AAA) within the Femto cell system.Two kinds of Femto sub-district registrations are arranged: FAP registration and UE registration.
In the FAP registration, when energising, FAP registers to INC.The FAP enrolled for service is in following purpose: (1) its notice INC, FAP have been connected at present and have been available at the specific I P address.In certain embodiments, FAP created the TCP connection of leading to INC before registration.TCP connects one or more sign of using in the following information: source IP address, IP address, destination, source tcp port, destination tcp port.INC can connect extraction FAP IP address from TCP, and it provides the operating parameter (such as LAI, sub-district Id etc.) that is associated with the Femto sub-district service of current location (2) to FAP.During registration process, the part that " system information " content that can be applicable to serve GAN Femto sub-district is accepted message as the GA-RC registration that sends to FAP from INC is delivered to FAP.FAP utilizes this information by Broadcast Control Channel system parameters to be transferred to UE, and (3) it make the Femto cell system that service access control (SAC) and billing function (for example, AP restriction and redirected) can be provided.In certain embodiments, SAC and charging are finished by the S1 interface.
In the UE registration, after Femto cell selecting and sub-district preemption, UE initiates LU message via FAP to CN.This message of utilizing FAP detects the existence of the UE on this specific FAP.Then, FAP initiates registration message for the UE of this preemption to INC.The UE enrolled for service that FAP carries out is in following purpose: (1) its notice INC, UE is connected by specific FAP at present, and is available at the specific I P address.INC (for example) is for the purpose of the calling that ends at travelling carriage, this information is kept following the tracks of, and (2) it make INC can provide the SAC function (for example, to use the Sl interface, if particular UE should be allowed to receive the service of Femto sub-district, then approval from specific FAP).
F. mobile management situation
Following situation shows various mobile management situations via the related message flow of Femto cell system.
1.FAP energising
In certain embodiments, originally FAP is supplied with the information (that is, IP address or FQDN) about supply INC, and the corresponding supply SeGW relevant with this INC.This information can be taked the form of FQDN, perhaps takes the form of IP address, perhaps the combination in any of these two.Under FAP was not supplied with the situation of information about supply SeGW, FAP can derive the FQDN (as described in the TS 23.003) of supply SeGW from IMSI.If FAP does not have any information about the SeGW that is associated that gives tacit consent to INC or service INC and stored, then FAP finishes to supply INC via the SeGW that is associated and finds processing (Discovery procedure).If FAP has stored the information of the acquiescence/service INC that registers about its last success, FAP skips and finds to handle, and attempts registration is to this acquiescence/service INC, as described in following.
A) FAP finds to handle
Figure 19 shows working as FAP 1905 energisings and not having the information of storage about acquiescence/service INC, the situation when using supply GANC 1910 execution to find to handle then among some embodiment.Supply GANC 1910 comprises supply INC 1915, DNS 1920 and SeGW 1925.
As shown in the figure, if FAP 1905 has the FQDN of the supply of supplying SeGW or the FQDN of derivation (as described in superincumbent FAP energising trifle), FAP 1905 (via general purpose I P access network interface) carries out the DNS inquiry (in step 1), FQDN is resolved to the IP address.If FAP 1905 has the IP address of the supply that is used to supply SeGW 1925, then omit each step (step 1 and 2) of DNS.In certain embodiments, dns server 1935 is can be from the public dns server of FAP access.Dns server 1935 returns the response that (in step 2) comprises the IP address of supplying SeGW 1925.
Next, FAP 1905 set up lead to supply SeGW 1925 secure tunnel (for example, ipsec tunnel) (in step 3).If FAP 1905 has FQDN supply or that derive of supply INC 1915, FAP 1905 (via secure tunnel) carries out (in step 4) DNS inquiry, FQDN is resolved to the IP address.If FAP has the IP address of the supply that is used to supply INC 1915, omit each step (step 4 and 5) of DNS.The supply GANC 1910 dns server 1920 return comprise the IP address of supplying INC 1915 response (in step 5).
Next, FAP 1905 sets up the TCP connection of leading to the clearly port of definition on the supply INC.Then, it uses GA-RC to find to ask to inquire about the supply INC 1915 of acquiescence INC (in step 6).This message comprises: (1) cell information: if FAP detects the grand network coverage, then FAP provides detected UTRAN sub-district ID and UTRAN LAI (for GSM, FAP provides GSM cell ID and GSM LAI).If FAP does not detect the grand network coverage, last LAI that FAP provides this FAP successfully to register, and the designator that identifies last GERAN/UTRAN sub-district (for example, by comprising that GERAN/UTRAN covers indicator information element (IE), the sub-district of its sign GERAN or UTRAN covers).Cell information is the information of the macro cells of vicinity, and contiguous macro cells can be GSM sub-district or UTRAN sub-district.FAP has multiple mode to obtain the information of adjacent cell, and for example, use is pre-configured to FAP's, obtains grand adjacent cell configuration via AMS, perhaps makes FAP that adjacent cell is not had line sweep.If this grand covering is GSM, then for sweeping scheme, FAP must have the ability and the mechanism of scanning GSM sub-district, (2) FAP identity: IMSI, and the physics MAC Address of (3) FAP: AP-ID.Alternatively, if INC 1915 has been configured to be used for the service access control (SAC) by the Sl interface, INC 1915 will use GA-RC that the information that is provided in the request is provided, authorize FAP 1905 (step 6a-6c) via aaa server 1930.
Supply INC 1915 uses the information (for example, sub-district ID) that FAP provided, and returns GA-RC and finds to accept message (in step 7), so that FQDN or the IP address of the acquiescence SeGW that gives tacit consent to INC and be associated to be provided.This makes " this locality " among the FAP 1905 directed HPLMN give tacit consent to INC, to optimize network performance.Whether discovery is accepted message and is also indicated the INC and the SeGW address that are provided should be stored by FAP 1905.
If supply INC 1915 can not accept GA-RC and find request message, it returns GA-RC discovery refuse information and (in step 8), indicates Reason For Denial.Lead to the safe ipsec tunnel of supplying SeGW and be released (step 9).
Can also reuse same ipsec tunnel and be used for the FAP registration process.This situation is: the result who find to handle makes FAP successfully find " acquiescence " INC with " acquiescence " SeGW.If acquiescence SeGW is identical (that is, supply SeGW) with the employed SeGW of discovery, then can reuse same IPSEC tunnel.In this case, do not discharge ipsec tunnel.
B) FAP registration process
After finding processing, FAP uses the security gateway of the acquiescence GANC that is provided by supply GANC in finding processing to set up secure tunnel, and attempts registration arrives acquiescence GANC.Figure 20 shows the FAP energising registration process of some embodiment.Acquiescence GANC can perhaps give tacit consent to GANC and can make FAP point to different service GANC by accepting the service GANC that registration becomes this connection.Can come GANC is redirected based on the information that during registration process, provides, the selected strategy of operator or Network Load Balance by FAP.
As shown in figure 20, if FAP 2005 only has been provided the FQDN of acquiescence or service SeGW 2015, FAP 2005 (via general purpose I P access network interface) carries out the DNS inquiry (in step 1), FQDN is resolved to the IP address.If FAP 2005 has been supplied the IP address that is used for SeGW, omit each DNS step ( step 1 and 2).Dns server 2010 returns the response (in step 2) of the IP address that comprises acquiescence/service SeGW2015.
Next, FAP 2005 sets up and leads to the safe ipsec tunnel of SeGW 2015 (in step 3).If reuse from than the discovery early or the ipsec tunnel of registration, can omit this step.If FAP 2005 has been provided the FQDN of acquiescence or service INC, then FAP (via this secure tunnel) carries out the DNS inquiry (in step 4), FQDN is resolved to the IP address.If FAP 2005 has the IP address that is used for INC, omit each DNS step ( step 4 and 5).Dns server 2020 returns the response of the IP address that comprises acquiescence/service INC 2025 (in step 5).
Then, FAP sets up the TCP connection of leading to INC 2025.Tcp port can be known, also can receive from network between discovery or record time previously.FAP arrives (on step 6) INC 2025 by transmission GA-RC registration request attempts registration.In certain embodiments, message comprises one or more in the following information: physics MAC Address, FAP identity and the positional information of registered type, cell information, contiguous FAP information, FAP.
The equipment that the registered type indication is being registered is Femto sub-district AP.This is to use, and " GAN key words sorting ' IE (definition of IE is further described below) indicates.Cell information is as neighbor information is carried out the result of system scan and the UTRAN/GERAN sub-district ID of the vicinity that obtains.FAP must determine (using scanning result or pre-configured), the single macro cell message that is fit to that will be sent out in enrollment process.
Contiguous FAP information be about the information at the FAP of the vicinity of same PLMN and carrier frequency work.This will help to provide the information of the LAI that using such as contiguous FAP and cell i d etc. to INC.In certain embodiments, will not provide contiguous FAP information.The physics MAC Address of FAP is AP-ID (in certain embodiments, AP-ID is the MAC Address of the ethernet port that is associated with FAP).The FAP identity is the IMSI of FAP.If GPS is provided service, then goes back assisting positional information.
Alternatively, serve access control (SAC) if INC 2025 has been configured for by the Sl interface, GANC will be provided by the information that is provided in the registration request, authorize FAP (step 6a-6c) via aaa server 2030.Attempt if INC 2025 accepts registration, it accepts to make response (in step 7) with the GA-RC registration.This message comprises: (i) the lane place identification of the system information (for example) of (1) GAN Femto cell-specific, comprise mobile country code, mobile network code, MNC and lane place code corresponding to this Femto sub-district, and (ii) 3G cell identity, it identifies the sub-district in the lane place corresponding to the Femto sub-district.This message also comprises GAN Femto cell capacity information, and this indicates by using " GAN control channel " IE.In certain embodiments, whether whether GAN Femto cell capacity information comprises the indication about following content: about allowing GAN pattern, the GPRS of early stage key words sorting transmission (early Classmark sending), operation available, and whether GAN supports double-transmission mode.
Accept under the situation of registration trial at INC 2025, as long as FAP is registered to this GANC, TCP connection and safe ipsec tunnel just are not released but are held.INC not to FAP be provided for radio control (such as, carrier frequency, scrambler etc.) operating parameter.Expectation FAP can obtain this information by AMS or other pre-supply mechanism.
Alternately, INC 2025 can refuse this request.In this case, it is made response with GA-RC registration refusal and (in step 8), indicates Reason For Denial.TCP connects and safe ipsec tunnel is released, and the operation of FAP 2005 is as defined in following " abnormal conditions " joint.Alternately, if GANC has to make FAP 2005 to be directed to (another) service GANC again, it is redirected with GA-RC registration and makes response and (in step 9), provide destination service INC and FQDN or the IP address of the SeGW that is associated.In this case, TCP connects and to be released (in step 10), and whether safe ipsec tunnel is indicated according to network and can be reused same ipsec tunnel and discharged alternatively in registration next time.The GA-RC register redirect message comprises the tabulation of single service SeGW and GANC address or PLMN identity, service SeGW that is associated and GANC address, and whether can be stored among the FAP indication of using in the future about the GANC address.
C) abnormal conditions
Serve INC if serve INC refusal of registration request and do not provide to be redirected to another, FAP will attempt the registration to acquiescence INC again, comprise the reason of the registration trial of indicating failure and service INC and the SeGW that this registration request request of registering is thereon failed.FAP also should delete all canned datas about this service GANC.
Lead to being redirected of suitable service INC if give tacit consent to INC refusal of registration request and can not provide, FAP can attempt again finding to handle (reason of the registration trial of indicating failure and the acquiescence INC that is provided in last discovery is once handled are provided) to supplying INC.FAP also should delete all canned datas about acquiescence GANC.The possible registration Reason For Denial of attempting for FAP registration has: network congestion, position are not allowed to, unknown geographical position, IMSI are not allowed to, AP is not allowed to, and does not specify.
2.FAP the FAP after the TCP connection reconstruction that initiates is synchronous
In certain embodiments, after TCP connected fault, when FAP reception TCP reseted (TCPRST), FAP used the GA-RC Synchronous Processing to manage to rebuild the signaling connection.Figure 21 shows the message that the Synchronous Processing with FAP initiates among some embodiment is associated.
A) initiate the FAP Synchronous Processing by FAP
In certain embodiments, after TCP connected fault, when FAP receives TCP when reseting, FAP attempted once rebuilding TCP and connects.After successfully rebuilding the TCP connection, FAP 2105 sends (in step 1) GA-RC synchronizing information, so that state information is synchronous to GANC2110.When FAP failed reconstruction TCP connection, FAP discharged relevant local GA-CSR or GA-PSR resource, and moved according to such continuation that further describes in following " disposal of lower floor's fault " trifle.
B) handle FAP synchronizing information message by GANC
When receiving GA-RC synchronizing information message from FAP, GANC is according to such FAP state information of upgrading of regulation in the request.The GANC also binding (IMSI, implicit IP address) that receives in the GA-RC synchronizing information of verification and FAP is used as identity and is used for identical to the GANC-SeGW authentication.
3. system is selected
In certain embodiments, in the combination 3G network, the two is present in standard UMTS RNS and UMA Femto subzone network in the identical or different PLMN jointly.Standard UMTS UE utilizes these two kinds to insert option, no matter which is more excellent in particular condition.In these embodiments, the PLMN that does not need to change in the NAS layer among the UE (MM and more than) selects to handle, as described in the following standard: " Non-Access-Stratum functions related to Mobile Station (MS) in idle mode ", 3GPP TS 23.122.Equally, in these embodiments, do not need to change standard cell selecting mechanism, as described in the following standard: " User Equipment (UE) procedures in idle mode and procedures for cell reselection in connected mode ", 3GPP TS 25.304.In following paragraph, described and be used to be roamed into the Femto sub-district and cover neutralization and roam out necessity configuration and system action outside the grand network coverage.
At Service Activation or supply reproducting periods, UMA Femto subzone network provides radio parameter for FAP, such as, work UARFCN and the tabulation that is used for the elementary scrambler of Femto sub-district.Provision parameter also will comprise the tabulation of the UARFCN/ scrambler that is associated with contiguous macro cells.
Then, FAP uses grand UARFCN information and executing neighborhood scanning to seek existing of grand covering.If detect a plurality of grand network cells in FAP scanning, FAP selects optimal macro cells, is used between the FAP record time this macro cells reported to service INC.FAP also stores the macro cells tabulation, and this tabulation will be provided for the UE that is preempting as the neighbor tabulation.
FAP also scans neighborhood to seek existing of other FAP in the same PLMN.Then it from the available right tabulation that is supplied, select untapped UARFCN, SC} is right, make chosen UARFCN, and the FAP of SC} and any vicinity { UARFCN, SC} make up and do not conflict.
The FAP attempts registration to service INC (via as superincumbent FAP finds to handle and FAP registration process two joints described in discovery/enrollment mechanism obtain), and comprise tabulation about the FAP of the information of the macro cells chosen and vicinity.Service INC is provided by the information that is provided between record time, comes the FAP distribution network operating parameter for registering, such as, LAI, 3G sub-district-id, service area etc.
Service INC uses registration to accept message and returns the network operation parameter to the FAP that is registering.FAP uses the combination of the information that obtains by initial provision and registration, broadcasts suitable system information and gives UE, so that it can select service of Femto sub-district and preemption FAP.
Be associated with Femto sub-district neighbor { UARFCN, the tabulation of SC} is supplied to grand network RNC.Because the Femto subzone network must can be adjusted to and is suitable for FAP up to a million, and deployed position can not Be Controlled, so grand network RNC is supplied with 5-10 { UARFCN, the tabulation that SC} makes up corresponding to contiguous FAP.Owing to supply the restriction that is associated with the neighbor tabulation on the grand RNC, FAP will need the individual { UARFC that is supplied from 5-10, SC} centering selects one to be used for its operation, and making does not have the FAP of two vicinities (scanning by FAP is determined) will be reused with a pair of and be used for its operation.
Grand RNC should provide FAP neighbor list information to the grand network of preemption and use the UE of this specific RNC.This will make UE that periodic measurement is carried out in FAP neighbor tabulation.
In UE comes the area of coverage of FAP, and its signal level is when becoming stronger, and UE will select the Femto sub-district.UE sub-district-gravity treatment promptly, roams in the FAP sub-district and can strengthen by two kinds of possible mechanism: (1) FAP sub-district can (equivalent PLMN tabulation) also will be selected by preferred equivalent PLMN selection in different HPLMN.Macro cells of this hypothesis UE current preemption not in equivalent PLMN tabulation, and (2) FAP with broadcast system information (such as, Qqualmin and Qrxlevmin), make that UE is this FAP sub-district preferably under the situation that exists other macro cells to cover.
When sub-district gravity treatment and UE preemption FAP sub-district, UE will initiate location registers, because FAPLAI is different from the LAI of the macro cells of previous preemption.
4.UE registration
UE is to FAP preemption (by its internal zone choice mechanism) time, (LU is triggered will to initiate the renewal processing of NAS layer position to CN via FAP, because the unique LAI of FAP broadcasting, this LAI are different from its contiguous macro cells and other contiguous Femto sub-district).As shown in figure 22, FAP will tackle this location update message and attempt UE is registered to INC.One skilled in the art will appreciate that UE initiates the position to core network all the time and upgrades processing, that is, and the upper-layer protocol layer that UE uses directly and core network exchanges.As this trifle and following several trifle are described, the ability that disclosed FAP has this message of interception and attempts UE is registered to INC.
As shown in the figure, UE 2205 foundation (at step 1a) are connected with the Radio Resource control (RRC) of the FAP 2210 of this UE preemption.UE 2205 begins (at step 1b) position to CN and upgrades processing.In certain embodiments, for network support network schemer 1, under this pattern, between MSC and SGSG Gs interface is arranged, UE triggers combination route district (RA)/lane place (LA) in roaming into FAP the time and upgrades, rather than initial LA upgrades.FAP 2210 is with intercepting position update request (perhaps making up the RA/LA update request), and trial registers to UE the service INC that is associated by existing ipsec tunnel.Alternatively, if use the TMSI completing place to upgrade (at step 1d), because the initial registration of UE must be used permanent identity, that is, the IMSI of UE finishes, and FAP can ask the IMSI of (at step 1c) UE.
Next, FAP 2210 (for each UE) sets up the independent TCP connection that (in step 2) leads to the destination tcp port on INC 2215.It is identical that INC destination tcp port and FAP register employed port.FAP 2210 (in step 3) GA-RC registration request, attempts using the TCP of UE special use to connect, UE 2205 is registered on the INC 2215 by transmission.This message comprises that (it indicates the equipment of registering is UE to registered type.This is to use " GAN key words sorting ' IE indicates), (that is, AP-ID), (that is, UE-IMSI), and the FAP identity (that is, FAP-IMSI) for the UE identity for general purpose I P access network attachment point information.In certain embodiments, AP-ID is the MAC Address of FAP.
Alternatively, serve access control (SAC) if INC 2215 has been configured for by the Sl interface, INC 2215 will be provided by the information that is provided in the registration request, authorize UE (step 3a-3c) via aaa server 2220.Authorization logic on the aaa server 2220 also will be tested, and check whether UE 2205 is allowed to use specific FAP to carry out the Femto sub-district and inserts.
Attempt if INC 2215 accepts registration, it accepts to make response (in step 4) with the GA-RC registration.Next, FAP 2210 sets up (GA-CSR with INC 2215 is connected in step 5).FAP2210 upgrades NAS PDU encapsulation with the position, and (in the direct pass-along message of GA-CSR UL, this message is forwarded to INC 2215 via existing TCP connection in step 6).
Next, INC 2215 sets up the SCCP that leads to CN 2225 and connects, and uses the RANAP initial UE message, and NAS PDU is forwarded to (at step 7) CN 2225 with position updating request (or combination RA/LA update request).To use the direct pass-along message of RANAP that the follow-up NAS message between UE2205 and the core network 2225 is sent between INC 2215 and the CN 2225.
Next, CN 2225 uses standard UTRAN authentication process that UE 2205 is carried out authentication (in step 8).CN 2225 also initiates the safe mode control and treatment, is described further in the safe mode control trifle in this Femto sub-district safety one joint below.CN 2225 use locations are upgraded and to be accepted message, and (it has received that the position is upgraded and it will be accepted the position and upgrade in step 9) to INC 2215 indications.
A) abnormal conditions
If the registration request of service INC refusal UE special use, FAP will use suitable reject mechanism (for example: the RRC to another sub-district is redirected, or waits with Reason For Denial " lane place is not allowed to " and to refuse LU), refuse to ask from " the position renewal " of the correspondence of UE.FAP should disconnect the TCP session of the correspondence of particular UE.The possible registration Reason For Denial of attempting for the registration of UE special use is that (1) AP is not allowed to (meaning that the FAP that is registered in for the UE special use does not upward allow UE), (2) IMSI is not allowed to, (3) position is not allowed to, and does not stipulate (4), and (5) FAP is not registered.
5.UE roam out
The situation of Figure 23 shows the situation when UE leaves the Femto cell footprint in the free time time.As shown in the figure, when UE 2305 successful GAN registrations and position renewal (LU), FAP 2310 will monitor via periodic location update (at step 1) UE 2305.Enable and the periodicity of LU are to be controlled via the system information broadcast from FAP to UE by FAP 2310.This exchange will be as the keep-alive between FAP and the UE.
Next, as the result who loses a plurality of periodic location updates from UE, FAP 2310 determines that (in step 2) UE 2305 no longer preempt this FAP (roaming out).In case FAP determines UE and roams out that (nullify registration message at step 3) GA-RC, notify GANC, UE separates to INC 2315 transmissions in the TCP connection that FAP is associated by use.Because it is unique that the TCP from FAP to GANC connects for each UE, nullify the cancellation registration that registration message means particular UE so in special-purpose TCP connection, send GA-RC.Next, during cancellation registration message on receiving special-purpose TCP connections of UE, GANC removes (any and this UE associated content in step 4).In certain embodiments, comprise that with the UE associated content GANC is state and the out of Memory that each UE that successfully registers keeps.FAP 2310 also discharges (the TCP connection of leading to the UE special use of INC in step 4).
6. the outage of the UE under the IMSI separation case
Figure 24 shows working as the UE outage and carrying out the situation that IMSI separates via the GAN network among some embodiment.As shown in the figure, the UE 2405 that is in idle pulley initiates (in step 1) power failure sequence.Next, UE 2405 foundation (in step 2) are connected with the RRC of FAP 2410.UE sends (in step 3) MM layer IMSI-detach message to FAP by air interface.(GA-CSR with INC 2415 is connected in step 4) in FAP 2410 foundation.
Next, INC 2415 confirms (to clear up in the step 9) resource to CN via RANAP Iu Release complete.FAP 2410 uses the special-purpose TCP of UE to connect, and UE deregistration is registered (in step 10).In certain embodiments, the mechanism described in " UE roams " trifle above FAP utilizes detects UE and has roamed out and triggered the UE deregistration registration.As a kind of optimal way, FAP can also monitor from the IMSI-of UE and separate NAS message and trigger the cancellation registration of UE.
Next, FAP 2410 discharges (in the TCP of step 11) UE special use connection.FAP initiates (to connect to discharge at step 12) RRC and handle to UE.At last, the UE outage is (in step 13).
7. the outage of the UE under the situation that does not have IMSI to separate
The UE that describes in sequence of events and top " UE roams out " trifle roams into outside the Femto sub-district identical.
8. lose Up interface connectivity
Figure 25 shows the internuncial situation of Up interface that loses.As shown in the figure, UE 2505 is in idle pulley.FAP 2510 periodically sends (in step 1) GA-RC keep-alive message to check existing that TCP connects to INC 2515.In step 2, lose the connectivity (for example, because the broadband network problem) of the TCP (or IP) between FAP 2510 and the INC 2515.
(lose connectivity in step 3), it discharges the resource (for example, TCP connects) of distributing to FAP and deletes user record (that is, carrying out this locality cancellation registration of FAP) if INC detects.Alternatively, the execution of INC can also be deleted the connection of the UE special use of starting on this FAP.
(if lose the TCP connectivity and what lose is that the TCP of FAP special use connects in step 4), FAP 2510 attempts that (rebuilding TCP in step 5) connects and set up new registration procedure on INC if FAP 2510 detects.If FAP rebuild connection and sets up new registration procedure before INC detects problem, INC must recognize that FAP has been registered and has made corresponding adjustment (for example, discharging old TCP connection resource).In certain embodiments, the TCP of FAP special use is that the unique TCP of FAP special use connects and be used for the signaling of issuing INC relevant with FAP IMSI, such as, use FAP IMSI that FAP registration under the local call situation, FAP call setup etc. are provided at FAP.
Detection loses the TCP connection for FAP, and different embodiment use distinct methods.In certain embodiments, whether the TCP sublayer among the FAP (TCP storehouse) indication (to the upper strata) loses and other end points (that is connectivity INC).Perhaps when the upper strata attempts connecting the transmission data by TCP, perhaps can detect when losing connectivity via the TCP keepalive mechanism when storehouse, the notice from the TCP sublayer on the FAP may take place.
When FAP reconstruction connectivity is unsuccessful, FAP will carry out following operation (not shown) and come all UE deregistration of current this FAP of preemption are registered: (1) FAP uses the current TCP that has set up for each UE to connect, send GA-RC to INC and nullify registration message, (2) discharge the TCP that leads to GANC and connect, and (3) discharge all resources that are associated with the UE of this cancellation registration.
In addition, FAP 2510 forces and (carries out sub-district-gravity treatment and roam into outside the coverage of Femto sub-district at all UE of current this FAP of preemption of step 6).If to the joint detection of UE special use to losing the TCP connectivity, FAP will be immediately the UE deregistration registration and trigger the sub-district gravity treatment of UE, and the TCP that does not attempt rebuilding the UE special use connects.At last, as the result of sub-district gravity treatment, UE 2505 will switch to (step 7) UMTS macro cells 2520 (if the grand network coverage of UMTS is available).
9.INC-the cancellation of initiating registration
In certain embodiments, INC nullifies registration with FAP under following error situation: (1) INC receives the GA-RC registration and upgrades uplink message, but FAP is not registered, (2) INC receives GA-RC registration renewal uplink message, but run into resource error and can not handle this message, (3) INC receives the GA-RC registration renewal uplink message that has new grand network cell information, and this macro cells is restricted Femto sub-district, and (4) INC receives GA-RC registration renewal uplink message, and send the request be used for registered FAP to aaa server, one of following situation will take place: (a) INC receives the subscription authentication failure from aaa server, (b) INC does not receive the response from aaa server, and affairs timer (transactiontimer) expires, perhaps (c) Sl interface is activated but does not dispose aaa server, therefore can not carry out authentication to the user.In certain embodiments, when INC received GA-RC synchronizing information message for unregistered UE, INC registered UE deregistration.
10.FAP-the registration of initiating is upgraded
The FAP that Figure 26 shows among some embodiment initiates the situation that registration is upgraded.As shown in the figure, in FAP 2605, (for example, detect the grand network coverage) and trigger and (upgrade in the step 1) registration.FAP sends (in step 2) GA-RC registration-renewal-up link to INC 2610.
11.INC-the registration of initiating is upgraded
Figure 27 shows INC and initiates the situation that registration is upgraded.As shown in the figure, in INC 2715, trigger and (upgrade (for example, change, perhaps changing system information etc.) in the step 1) registration owing to be used for the SAC tabulation of FAP.
Next, INC 2715 sends (in step 2) GA-RC registration renewal downlinlc message to FAP 2710.As shown in the figure, can operate by this and trigger (in the processing (for example, owing to receive the SAC tabulation of having upgraded from INC, FAP 2710 refusal UE 2705) of step 3) some other.
12. the UE that the FAP after the TCP connection reconstruction initiates is synchronous
In certain embodiments, when FAP received TCP RST after the TCP connection failure, FAP managed to use the GA-RC Synchronous Processing to rebuild the signaling connection.Figure 28 shows the Synchronous Processing that the FAP among some embodiment initiates.
A) the UE Synchronous Processing of initiating by FAP
In certain embodiments, when FAP received TCP RST after the TCP connection failure, FAP attempted once rebuilding TCP and connects.As shown in figure 28, after successfully rebuilding the TCP connection, FAP 2805 sends (in the state information of step 1) GA-RC synchronizing information with synchronization UE to GANC 2810.When success, FAP discharges the resource of UE and forces the sub-district that this UE roams into outside the FAP and select to substitute (or macro cells, or another FAP) to preempt.
B) handle UE synchronizing information message by GANC
When in the TCP of the UE connection when FAP receives GA-RC synchronizing information message, GANC is according to such UE state information of upgrading of regulation in the request.GANC verifies that also the FAP that is associated is in registered state.When FAP was not in registered state, GANC registered UE deregistration by send the GA-RC-cancellation registration message (not shown) that has Reason For Denial code " FAP is not registered " to FAP in the TCP of UE connection.When the GA-RC layer among the GANC when the TCP layer has submitted to GA-RC to nullify registration message, it initiates the release that its half two-way TCP connects.GANC verifies that also the binding (IMSI, TCP connects) that receives is effective in the GA-RC synchronizing information.
VI. call manager
A. voice bearer is set up (on AAL2, using Iu-UP)
Figure 29 show among some embodiment in order to be derived from purpose travelling carriage (MO) or that terminate in the calling of travelling carriage (MT), and between UE and MSC, successfully set up the normal process that voice bearer is associated.As shown in the figure, the signaling that is used for call origination or termination is advanced (in step 1) between UE 2905, FAP 2910, GANCMGW 2915, INC 2920 and MSC 2925.MSC 2925 sends (in step 2) RANAP request for allocation (RAB) message to INC2920.Request for allocation comprises the address that is used for the ALCAP signaling (ATM E.164 or nsap address), also has binding-id.
Next, INC 2920 request is (at step 3) GANC MGW 2915 to connect (towards the VoIP of FAP and the Iu-UP towards MSC on AAL2) preparing carrier between the end points.MGW2915 uses atm address and binding-id to initiate (in step 4) ALCAP signaling to MSC 2925.
Next, MSC2925 uses ALCAP to set up acknowledge message to reply (at step 5) AAL2 connection request.Here, (the AAL2 connection that step 6) has suitable QoS is present between GANC MGW and the MSC.Then, GANC MGW sends in this AAL2 connection and (controls (Iu-INIT) message with request Iu-UP initialization at step 7) Iu-UP.
INC request (at step 14a) GANC MGW revises the previous connection of creating and voice flow is sent to IP address and the port that FAP provides.GANC MGW confirms (at step 14b), and this connects modification.INC 2920 finishes message via GA-CSR activation-channel and confirms (finishing that the step 15) Traffic Channel is set up to FAP 2910.
B. call manager situation
Following situation shows the related message flow of various call manager situations via the Femto sub-district.
1. be derived from the calling of travelling carriage
Figure 30 shows the calling that is derived from travelling carriage among some embodiment.Illustrated situation is to be used for travelling carriage-PSTN to call out.As shown in the figure, the UE 3005 that is in the GAN idle pulley sends and (calls out in step 1).UE 3005 sets up (in step 2) and is connected with the RRC of FAP 3010.When asked on the upper strata, UE sent (in step 3) CM service request to FAP.
FAP carries out and (to be connected the foundation processing with the GA-CSR of INC in step 4), as described in several joints in front.Then, FAP 3010 uses the direct pass-along message of GA-CSR UL to transmit (in step 5) CM service request to INC 3015.Next, INC 3015 sets up the SCCP connection of leading to MSC 3020 and uses the RANAP initial UE message to transmit (in step 6) CM service request to MSC.Follow-up NAS message between UE and the MSC will use the direct pass-along message of RANAP to be sent out between INC and MSC.
Next, MSC 3020 uses standard UTRAN authentication process that UE 3005 is carried out authentication (in step 7).MSC also initiates (in step 7) as the safe mode control and treatment described in several joints in front.UE sends to FAP and (sets up message in step 8), to provide to MSC about the details of calling out and bearer capabilities thereof and the codec supported.
FAP transmits (in this message of step 9) within the GA-CSR UL between FAP and the INC directly transmits.INC uses the direct pass-along message of RANAP will set up message relay and (gives MSC in step 10).
INC transmits (in step 18) with alert message and gives FAP in GA-CSRDL directly transmits.FAP with alert message relaying (in step 19) to UE, and if UE audio path is not connected to the user as yet, it will generate ring-back to the calling party.Otherwise the ring-back that network generates will be returned to the calling party.
The callee replys and the destination switch comes this is represented (in step 20) with the ISUP ANM.MSC signals via connection message and represents that the callee replys.This message is passed to (in step 21) INC.INC transmits (in step 22) with this connection message and gives FAP in GA-CSR DL directly transmits.
FAP is relayed to connection message (in step 23) UE and UE and connects the user to audio path.If UE is generating ring-back, then this UE stops to generate ring-back and connects the user to audio path.UE sends (in step 24) and connects Ack in response, and both sides are connected to carry out audio call.This message of relaying (in step 25) in the GA-CSR UL of FAP between FAP and INC directly transmits.
INC will connect the Ack forwards to (in step 26) MSC.Now, two-way approach ready (step 27) and double-directional speech business flow between UE and MSC by FAP and INC end to end.FAP with local service can use FAP IMSI to support MO.Necessary message flow will be similar with the situation of the aforementioned not FAP-UE message by air interface.
2. end at the calling of travelling carriage
Figure 31 shows the calling that ends at travelling carriage.Illustrated situation is used in the calling of PSTN to travelling carriage.As shown in the figure, MSC (that is GMSC function) (calls out in step 1) from A side's reception of wanting to call out Femto community user 3105.MSC 3120 sends (in step 2) RANAP beep-page messages and gives by its received latest position and upgrade the INC 3115 that identifies, and MSC3120 comprises TMSI, if available.The IMSI of paged travelling carriage is included in this request all the time.
The IMSI that INC 3115 uses MSC to provide discerns UE registration context.Then, its uses GA-CSR paging request message to come the paging (FAP 3110 that is associated in step 3).This message comprises TMSI, if in request from MSC available words, otherwise it only comprises the IMSI of travelling carriage.
Next, UE 3105 handles the paging request and sends (at the step 5) page response to FAP 3110.Then, FAP carries out (at step 5a) and is connected the foundation processing with the GA-CSR of INC, as described in several joints in front.FAP makes response (in step 6) with the GA-CSR page response.
The MSC use is initiated (at the step 9) call setup via the message of setting up that INC sends to FAP.Then, INC arrives this forwards (at step 10) FAP in the direct pass-along message of GA-CSR DL.FAP will set up message relay to (step 11) UE.
Checking it with the compatibility of the bearer service of being asked in foundation with after revising bearer service as required, UE 3105 usefulness calling affirmation is made response (in step 12).If this foundation comprises the signal message element, UE uses indicated signal to warn the user, otherwise UE warns the user after the successful configuration of user plane.
FAP uses the direct pass-along message of GA-CSR UL will call out affirmation and is relayed to (at step 13) INC.Then, INC uses the direct pass-along message of RANAP will call out acknowledge message to be forwarded to (at step 14) MSC.(step 15) is used the processing of describing in several in front joints that voice bearer is set up that is used for, and sets up bearer path end to end between MSC 3120 and UE 3105 at this.
UE via alert message to FAP signal (in step 16) represent that it is warning the user.FAP uses the direct transmission of GA-CSR UL alert message to be relayed to (in step 17) INC.INC (in step 18) is forwarded to MSC with alert message.
Next, INC is forwarded to connection message (in step 22) MSC.Then, MSC returns (in step 23) ISUP ANM to the PSTN switch 3125 of initiating.MS confirms (in step 24) via connecting Ack message to INC.INC arrives (in step 25) FAP with this forwards in GA-CSR DL directly transmits.
FAP will connect Ack and be relayed to (in step 26) UE.Calling both sides is connected on audio path.Now, end-to-end two-way approach ready (step 27) and double-directional speech business flow between UE and MSC by FAP and INC.FAP with local service can use FAP IMSI to support MT.Necessary message flow will be similar with the situation of the aforementioned not FAP-UE message by air interface.
3. the calling of being carried out by the Femto community user discharges
Figure 32 shows and discharges the situation of Femto cell call by the Femto community user among some embodiment.As shown in the figure, 3205 requests of Femto community user (are called out release (for example, by pressing the END button) in step 1).When the request that receives from the upper strata, UE sends (in step 2) to FAP 3210 and disconnects connection messages.FAP will disconnect connection message and be forwarded to (step 3) INC (being embedded in the direct pass-along message of GA-CSR UL).
Next, INC uses the direct pass-along message of GA-CSR DL release message to be forwarded to (at step 7) FAP.Then, FAP sends to release message (at step 8) UE by air interface.UE 3205 confirms (to discharge in step 9) to FAP via Release complete.FAP uses the direct pass-along message of GA-CSRUL Release complete to be relayed to (at step 10) INC.
INC uses the direct pass-along message of RANAP that this forwards is arrived (at step 11) MSC.At this, MSC considers that this connection discharges.Sometimes, after step 5, MSC receives (in the ISUP RLC message of step 12) from the opposing party's exchange.
INC initiates (in step 16) GA-CSR to FAP and connects and discharge and handle (as described in several joints in front).FAP discharges any radio resource that (in step 17) is associated with this specific call successively.If there is the movable PS session that is used for this UE, FAP can not discharge RRC and connect, and only discharges corresponding CS radio bearer.At last, INC uses the Iu Release complete of issuing MSC, confirms that to MSC (in step 18) resource discharges.Be connected also with SCCP that calling between INC and the MSC is associated and be released.
4. other call scenario
Femto sub-district solution is supported following service:
Calling line identification expression (CLIP)
Calling line identification restriction (CLIR)
Be connected identification of lines and represent (CoLP)
Be connected identification of lines restriction (CoLR)
Call forward is unconditional
The line is busy for call forward
Call forward no answer
Call forward can't reach
Call Waiting (CW)
Call out and keep (CH)
In many ways (MPTY)
Pent user's group (CUG)
Advice of charge (AoC)
User-user signaling (uus)
Call barring (CB)
Clear and definite calling transfer (ECT)
Title identification
Finish calling (CCBS) to busy subscriber
These assistant services relate to the processing of end-to-end work between UE and MSC.Except having described basic direct transfer application part (DTAP) message that is used for MO and MT calling, following DTAP message is used to the purpose of these extra assistant services:
Keep (HOLD)
Maintenance-affirmation (HOLD-ACKNOWLEDGE)
Maintenance-refusal (HOLD-REJECT)
Recover (RETRIEVE)
Recovery-affirmation (RETRIEVE-ACKNOWLEDGE)
Recovery-refusal (RETRIEVE-REJECT)
Facility (FACILITY)
User-information (USER-INFORMATION)
Congested-control (CONGESTION-CONTROL)
CM-service-prompting (CM-SERVICE-PROMRT)
Beginning-CC (START-CC)
CC-sets up (CC-ESTABLISHMENT)
CC-foundation-affirmation (CC-ESTABLISHMENT-CONFIRMED)
Call out again (RECALL)
To call out identical mode in control and the mobile management situation at other described in the disclosure, these DTAP message are carried out relaying between UE and MSC by INC.A general example has been shown among Figure 33.(, between UE and MSC, set up the existing MM that is used for ongoing calling and connected as shown in the figure in step 1).The assistant service operation (for example, keeping this calling) that user's request (in step 2) is concrete.
Next, by INC and FAP, DTAP maintenance-ACK message is sent to (at step 4a-4c) UE 3305 from MSC 3320.After a while, in calling, user's request is (in another assistant service operation of step 5) (for example, initiating Multi-Way Calling).
UE sends facility message (at step 6a) with radio to FAP.Then, FAP arrives INC with this forwards (at step 6b).INC arrives (at step 6c) MSC by the Iu-interface with this DTAP facility message relay.At last, by INC and FAP, will comprise that the DTAP facility message of response sends (at step 7a-7c) to UE from MSC.
VII. Packet Service
A.GA-PSR transmission channel management processing
The GA-PSR transmission channel (GA-PSR TC) provide the association between FAP and the INC, is used for the transmission by the user data of Up interface.Suppose that Femto community user transfer of data is based on UDP, GA-PSR transmission channel and corresponding FAP and INC IP address and the udp port that is used for user data transmission are associated.FAP and INC manage the GA-PSR transmission channel based on request and configurable GA-PSR TC timer to transfer of data.
1.GA-PSR the state of sublayer
GA-PSR transmission channel (GA-PSR TC) management processing is the basic handling that is used for the PS service, and the PS service is prescribed the control that promotes the GA-PSR connection that is used for user data transmission.Suppose be used for the GAN solution that the Femto sub-district is supported, the GTP-U user data transmission is extended to FAP, and the RAB allocation process of these processing and user data is by tighter integration.Be used for the FAP of user data transmission and the connection between the SGSN and be called as the GA-PSR transmission channel based on GTP-U.
The GA-PSR transmission channel is by forming with the lower part: (1) will be used to the IP address of user data transmission and destination udp port number and (2) GA-PSR TC timer at SGSN and the two place of FAP.Only in needs, that is, when user data transmission is initiated, FAP or INC will activate the GA-PSR transmission channel.
GA-PSR is that each PDP Context of being set up keeps independent PS entity.Each single GA-PSR PS entity can be in two kinds of different states, GA-PSR-PS-standby or GA-PSR-PS-active state.The state of GA-PSR PS entity and corresponding transmission channel are synchronous all the time.
At the GA-PSR-PS-holding state, FAP can not receive the user data that is associated with specific PDP Context to the SGSN transmission or from SGSN.INC or FAP need activate the GA-PSR transmission channel before transmission is used for the Any user data of this PDP Context.At this state, there is not corresponding GA-PSR transmission channel.When the GA-PSR transmission channel was activated, the GA-PSR entity that is associated with this PDP Context entered the GA-PSR-PS-active state.
In the GA-PSR-PS-active state, FAP and UE can receive the user data that is associated with specific PDP Context to the SGSN transmission with from SGSN.And existence is used for the GA-PSR transmission channel of the correspondence of this FAP/UE.
Below also defined GA-PSR TC timer, be used to control from of the transformation of GA-PSR-PS-active state to the GA-PSR-PS-holding state.The timer that the enforcement of FAP GA-PSR layer is associated with each GA-PSR transmission channel.When this entity entered the GA-PSR-PS-active state, timer picked up counting, and whenever to Network Transmission or when network receives the packet that is used for this PDP Context, timer restarts timing.When timer expired, FAP made the deexcitation of GA-PSR transmission channel, and corresponding PDP service entities enters the GA-PSR-PS-holding state.
The value of GA-PSR TC timer is provided for FAP as the part (that is, accepting in the message in the GA-RC registration) of Femto sub-district registration process.
2.FAP the GA-PSR transmission channel of initiating activates
The GA-PSR transmission channel that Figure 34 shows the FAP initiation of some embodiment activates processing.Originally, when the uplink data transmission that is used for this PDP Context was requested, corresponding GA-PSR PSPDP entity was in the GA-PSR-PS-idle condition.FAP must set up the GA-PSR transmission channel before continuing uplink data transmission again.
As shown in the figure, if there is no RRC connects, and UE 3405 handles according to standard 3GPP and initiates (to connect to set up at step 1) RRC and handle.When the RRC successful connection was set up, UE 3405 was forwarded to (in step 2) SGSN via the service request information that FAP 3410 transmits designation data.FAP carries out (at step 2a) and is connected with the GA-PSR of INC to set up and handles, as described in " the GA-PSR connection foundation that the FAP initiates " trifle below " resource management " joint of front.
Then, FAP 3410 is encapsulated in request in GA-PSR-up link-direct-pass-along message, and request is forwarded to (at step 3) INC 3415.INC is according to the PMM state, will be encapsulated in the initial Iu message or service request in direct pass-along message is forwarded to (at step 4) CN (SGSN) 3420.Alternatively, CN (SGSN) can start (in the step 5) safety function, as defined in " safe mode control " trifle in " the Femto sub-district safety " joint that below will describe and " core network authentication " trifle.Alternatively, receiving when request, and if UE be in PMM-connection status, CN (SGSN) accepts message and makes response (in step 6) with serving.
Alternatively, if message is accepted in the service of receiving, INC 3415 arrives this forwards (at step 7) FAP 3410.Then, FAP arrives this forwards (at step 8) UE 3405.CN (SGSN) 3420 initiates (in step 9) RAB allocation process, and CN (SGSN) 3420 comprises RAB-ID, CN transport layer address (IP address) and CN Iu transmission related (GTP-U terminal endpoint identifier (TEID)), and being used for will be by the user data of this GA-PSR transmission channel use.
Next, INC activates TC REQ with GA-PSR and is forwarded to (the transmission channel that is used for user data transmission at step 10) FAP with activation.This message comprises RAB-ID and INC IP address and INC TEID.In order to make FAP directly send GA-PSR TC grouping (that is, GTP-U message) to SGSN, INC becomes CN IP address with INC IP address setting, and INC TEID is arranged to CNTEID.In a kind of alternate embodiments, GANC can bear the role of GTP-U proxy gateway, in this case, for given GA-PSR TC, there are two independent GTP-U tunnels, that is, and the GTP-U between FAP and the GANC and the GTP-U of the correspondence between GANC and the SGSN.GANC is responsible for the PS packet of relaying reality between these two GTP-U tunnels.Next, between FAP 3410 and UE 3405, set up (at the radio bearer of step 11) correspondence.
Then, FAP is with confirming that INC is made response (in step 12).This message comprises RAB-ID that is used for specific PS session and the GTP-U TEID that is distributed by FAP.When receiving the confirmation, INC distributes Rsp message to send to (at step 13) CN (SGSN), to finish the RAB allocation process RAB.In order to make SGSN can be directly send GTP-U message to FAP, INC becomes the IP address of FAP with RAN IP address setting, and RAN TEID is arranged to the TEID of the PS session that is used for the UE special use that distributed by FAP.
INC notice FAP (step 14) finish dealing with and FAP that the GA-PSR PS PDP entity state of correspondence is modified as GA-PSR-PS is movable and start GA-PSR PS TC timer.UE initiates (transmit via the uplink user data of the transmission channel of setting up in step 15), and SGSN can use same transmission channel to send the downlink user data grouping.When transmission channel was activity, the two can use this transmission channel FAP and SGSN, continued directly to send the user data that is associated with same PDP Context.
3.FAP the deexcitation of the GA-PSR transmission channel of initiating
Figure 35 show among some embodiment after GA-PSR TC timer expires, FAP makes the situation of GA-PSR transmission channel deexcitation.As shown in the figure, the GA-PSR TC timer that is associated with one of movable GA-PSR transmission channel expires (in step 1).FAP 3510 sends the GA-PSR deexcitation TC REQ message that (in step 2) comprises RAB-ID to INC 3515, is normal release to discern the GA-PSR transmission channel and to indicate the reason of deexcitation.
Next, INC 3515 usefulness GA-PSR deexcitation TC ACK message are made response (in step 5), so that successful deexcitation is confirmed to FAP.When receiving the confirmation message, FAP initiates the (release of the radio bearer that is associated in step 6).At last, (distribute Rsp message at step 7) RAB, with notice SGSN, RAB discharges and finishes dealing with in the INC transmission.
4. the transmission channel that is used for the PS service that network is initiated activates
Figure 36 shows the situation that CN (SGSN) initiates to activate the PS transmission channel that is used for user data services.This situation has covered SGSN from the situation of GGSN receiving downlink user data packets with there is not to set up the situation of the RAB that is used for this PDP Context.Originally, CN (SGSN) receiving downlink user data to be being delivered to UE, and do not have to set up the RAB that is associated.UE is in the PMM-idle condition.UE 3605 is in the PMM-idle condition, and CN (SGSN) 3610 sends to RANAP paging request (at step 1) UE 3605 with consumer positioning via INC3615.Paging request indication is used for the paging in PS territory.INC 3615 is forwarded to (in step 2) FAP 3610 with the GA-PSR beep-page message.
Next, FAP secundum legem 3GPP handles the PS paging is forwarded to (at step 3) UE 3605.Based on the RRC state of the UE that describes among the TS 25.331, FAP can use paging Class1 or 2.Next, between UE 3605 and FAP 3610, set up and (connect at step 4) RRC.If existed existing RRC to connect (for example, may set up the RRC that is used for the CS territory and connect), then omitted this step.
Next, UE makes response (in step 5) with the service request of indication PS page response to SGSN via FAP.This message is encapsulated in the direct pass-along message of RRC INITIAL.FAP carries out (at step 5a) and is connected the foundation processing with the GA-PSR of INC, as described in " GA-PSR that FAP initiates the connects foundation " trifle in top " resource management " joint.FAP uses the GA-PSR page-response message that the PS page response is forwarded to (at step 6) INC.
The service request information that INC will be encapsulated in the RANAP initial UE message is forwarded to (at step 7) SGSN.Carry out safety function (in step 8), as defined in " safe mode control " trifle in following " FEMTO sub-district safety " joint and " core network authentication " trifle.Step 9 is to 15 described identical with top " the GA-PSR transmission channel that FAP initiates activates " trifle.
5. the transmission channel deexcitation of network initiation
Figure 37 shows the GA-PSR transmission channel deexcitation processing that the network among some embodiment is initiated, and this processing comprises that radio access bearer discharges.Originally, be movable with being registered the movable GA-PSR transmission channel that the UE3705 that is used for Femto sub-district service is associated.
As shown in the figure, alternatively, dispose the result who handles as mistake, INC 3715 can initiate (to discharge at step 1) RAB and handle.This will trigger CN (SGSN) 3720 and discharge corresponding RAB.CN (SGSN) 3720 sends (in step 2) RAB request for allocation, discharges the RAB that is associated with request.The request of release can comprise one or more RAB.
INC 3715 request is (in step 3) with the GA-PSR transmission channel deexcitation that is associated.Therefore, Dui Ying radio bearer is released (in step 4).Then, FAP 3710 upgrades the state of the GA-PSR PSPDP entity of correspondence that (in step 5) is standby, stops GA-PSR TC timer and beams back affirmation to INC.Need d/d other RAB, repeating step 3,4 and 5 for each.At last, INC 3715 notices (discharge successfully at step 6) CN (SGSN) 3720.
B. user data and signaling transmission
1. user data transmission is handled
Figure 38 shows user data packets among some embodiment via the transmission of Femto sub-district.As shown in the figure, if corresponding GA-PSR transmission channel is inactive, then initiate (to activate at step 1) GA-PSR TC and handle, as defined in top " the GA-PSR transmission channel that FAP initiates activates " trifle.When the GA-PSR transmission channel was set up, FAP 3810 started (in step 2) GA-PSRTC timer.
CN (SGSN) 3820 utilizes the same GA-PSR transport channel that is associated with specific PDP Context (to divide into groups in the step 6) downlink user data.Use as the standard GTP-U agreement of defined among the 3GPP TS 29.060 and transmit the downlink user data grouping.When receiving downlink data packet, FAP restarts (the GA-PSR TC timer that is associated at step 7) and corresponding GA-PSR transmission channel, and forward the packet to (at step 8) UE via PDCP.
Other up link and downlink user data grouping are transmitted (in step 9) as described in step 2 and 3 respectively via same GA-PSR transmission channel.Expiring at GA-PSR TC timer, (after the step 10), FAP initiates (to handle in the deexcitation of step 11) GA-PSR transmission channel, as described in top " deexcitation of the GA-PSR transmission channel that FAP initiates " trifle.FAP with local service can use FAP IMSI to support the activity of PS user plane.Necessary message flow will be with top described similar under the situation of not carrying out the FAP-UE message by air interface.
2.GA-PSR signaling process
Connect and be used for signaling message transmission in the Femto sub-district for each UE sets up single TCP.This TCP connection is used to transmit all signaling relevant with CS and PS and SMS message.
A) the PS signaling process of UE initiation
For the signaling relevant with PS that UE initiates, UE sends to CN via INC with the PS signaling message, and this INC arrives CN by Iu-ps interface secundum legem UMTS with this forwards; For example, signaling message can comprise that GMM adheres to (GMM attach) or SM PDP context activation message.INC is encapsulated in the signaling message that receives in the direct pass-along message of RANAP, and this message is forwarded to SGSN by the Iu-ps interface.Figure 39 shows the up link control plane transfer of data of some embodiment.
Originally, the UE 3905 uplink signalling message of preparing to be used for the PS service sends to CN (SGSN) 3920.This can be in GMM or the SM signaling message any.As shown in the figure, do not exist if RRC connects, UE 3905 secundum legem 3GPP handle and initiate (to connect to set up at step 1) RRC and handle.
When successfully setting up the RRC connection, UE will indicate the service request information of PS signaling message to be forwarded to (in step 2) SGSN via FAP 3910.FAP carries out (at step 2a) and is connected the foundation processing with the GA-PSR of INC, as described in " GA-PSR that FAP initiates the connects foundation " trifle in top " resource management " joint.FAP is encapsulated in service request in GA-PSR-up link-direct-pass-along message and this request is forwarded to (at step 3) INC 3910.
Next, INC will be encapsulated in the initial Iu message according to the PMM state or the service request that is encapsulated in the direct pass-along message is forwarded to (at step 4) SGSN.Alternatively, CN (SGSN) can initiate (in the step 5) safety function, as defined in following " safe mode control " and " core network authentication " two joints.UE 3805 uses the direct passing service of RRC up link that the PS signaling message is sent to (at step 6) FAP 3910.
The PS signaling message that FAP 3910 will be encapsulated in GA-PSR-up link-direct-pass-along message is forwarded to (at step 7) INC.At last, INC 3915 uses RANAP directly to transmit processing the PS signaling message to be forwarded to (at step 8) CN (SGSN) 3920.
B) the PS signaling process of network initiation
For the signaling relevant with PS that network is initiated, core network secundum legem UMTS sends the PS signaling message via the IuPS interface to INC; For example, signaling message can comprise that GMM adheres to and accepts message or the SM PDP context activation is accepted message.INC is encapsulated in the signaling message that receives in GA-PSR-down link-direct-pass-along message or the GA-PSR beep-page message, and this message is forwarded to FAP via existing TCP signaling connection.Figure 40 shows the down link control plane transfer of data of some embodiment.Originally, CN (SGSN) 4020 prepares to send the downlink signaling message that is used for the PS service to UE 4005.This can be among GMM or the SM signaling message any.Suppose that signaling process initiated by network, and if UE be in the PMM-idle condition, SGSN is paging UE at first.If UE is in PMM-connection status, SGSN will use the RANAP that begins in step 9 directly to transmit processing and send down link PS signaling message.
As shown in the figure, alternatively, if UE 4005 is in the PMM-idle condition, CN (SGSN) 4020 sends (in step 1) RANAP paging request, with consumer positioning to UE via INC 4015.This paging request indication is used for the paging in PS territory.Alternatively, if receive the paging request, INC uses the GA-PSR beep-page message that the paging request is forwarded to (in step 2) FAP 4010.
Equally, alternatively, if receive beep-page message, FAP secundum legem 3GPP handles the PS paging is forwarded to (at step 3) UE.Alternatively, the RRC that if there is no is used for this UE connects, and then secundum legem 3GPP handles and sets up (in this connection of step 4).Alternatively, if receive the paging that is used for the PS service, UE makes response (in step 5) with the service request information of indication PS page response to SGSN via FAP.Service request information is encapsulated in the initial directly pass-along message of RRC.
Next, INC 4015 service request information that will be encapsulated in the RANAP initial UE message is forwarded to (at step 7) SGSN 4020.Alternatively, CN (SGSN) initiates (in the step 8) safety function.
CN (SGSN) uses RANAP directly to transmit processing the PS signaling message is forwarded to (at step 9) INC.The PS signaling message that INC will be encapsulated in GA-PSR-down link-direct-pass-along message is forwarded to (at step 10) FAP.At last, FAP uses the direct passing service of RRC down link signaling message to be sent to (at step 11) UE.FAP with local service can use FAP IMSI to support the activity of PS signaling plane.Necessary message flow will be similar with the situation of the previously described not FAP-UE message by air interface.
VIII. wrong the disposal handled
In certain embodiments, all message that the inspection of describing in this joint is applied to exchange in the Femto cell system.This joint has also been stipulated the processing by protocol data the unknown, unforeseen and wrong of receiving entity disposal.These processing are known as " mistake is disposed and handled ", and still, except providing the Restoration Mechanism for error situation, they have also defined the compatible mechanism of the expansion in future that is used for agreement.In certain embodiments, use following A to F trifle according to priority order.
In this joint, used following term: (1) is if information element (IE) comprises at least one value that is defined as " reservation " in the corresponding message, if perhaps its value part is violated the rule of any corresponding message, then this information element (IE) is defined in the message incorrect on grammer.Yet, IE in its length indicator, stipulated greater than for the defined length of particular message be not syntax error, and (2) if message comprise contradict with the resource of receiver and/or with this regulated procedure on the conflicting information of part, this may depend on the state of receiver, and then this message is defined as having semantically incorrect content.Processing described in this trifle not only is applicable to GA-CSR message but also is applicable to GA-PSR message, unless clear and definite opposite regulations is arranged.
A. message is too short
Can not comprise full message head and all enforceable information elements the time, this message is left in the basket when the message that receives is too short.
B. invalid message header
When FAP received the message that has undefined or unconsummated type of message by UDP, FAP ignored this message.When FAP received the message that has undefined or unconsummated protocol discriminator by TCP, FAP ignored this message.Have when not being encoded as 0000 skip indicator IE or length IE greater than 2048 message when FAP receives, FAP ignores this message.
Have when not being defined by being used for the message of specific PD (GA-CSR or GA-PSR) or unconsummated type of message when FAP receives by TCP, FAP returns GA-CSR situation or the GA-PSR situation that has reason " type of message does not exist or is unrealized " respectively.When FAP received with the incompatible message of protocol status, FAP ignored this message and should return (GA-CSR or the GA-PSR) condition message that has reason " type of message and protocol status are incompatible ".
C. invalid information element
When FAP receive have a disappearance or grammer on when the GA-RC of incorrect mandatory IE or GA-CSR or GA-PSR message, FAP ignores this message and returns (GA-RC or the GA-PSR) condition message that has reason " invalid mandatory information ".FAP also ignores all the unknown IE in the message that receives.FAP further handles incorrect all optional IE on the grammer in the message when being made in not exist in the message.
When FAP diagnosis disappearance or unexpected conditional IE or when it receives at least one grammer incorrect conditional IE, FAP ignores this message and returns and has (GA-RC or GA-PSR) condition message that cause value is " a sub conditione IE mistake ".When FAP received the message that has incorrect content semantically, FAP ignored this message and returns and has cause value (GA-RC or GA-PSR) condition message for " semantically incorrect message ".
D. the disposal of lower floor's mistake
The disposal of the lower floor's fault among the FAP under GA-RC-cancellation enrollment status is as follows.If once set up the TCP connection to supply GANC, then FAP discharges this connection.If once the SeGW to supply GANC had set up safe connection, then FAP discharges this and connects (as " Internet Key Exchange (IKEv2) Protocol ", among the IETF RFC 4306 like that defined) safely.In addition, when during finding processing lower floor's fault taking place, FAP doubles the timer value of the current TU3903 of being used for, but is no more than maximum (32 minutes).FAP also starts timer TU3903.
In when, during registration process lower floor's fault taking place when, if and on having attempted, connect to attempt counting (Up Connect Attempt Count) by the FAP parameters " " after the number of attempt of (maximum is 3) definition; registration is success still; and if FAP to acquiescence GANC attempts registration; then the FAP deletion is about the stored information of acquiescence GANC; make and be redirected counter and increase, and initiate to find to handle.In when, during registration process lower floor's fault taking place when, on having attempted, connect and attempt counting by the FAP parameters " " after the number of attempt that (maximum is 3) defines; registration is not success still; and FAP is to service GANC attempts registration; and then FAP makes and is redirected the counter increase, and initiates registration process to acquiescence GANC.
When generation lower floor fault during registration process, and " when the number of attempt of (maximum is 3) definition was registered successfully before, then FAP started timer TU3905 and waits for that it then to connect the trial counting on having attempted the FAP parameters ".
When not being in GA-RC-cancellation enrollment status, the lower floor's fault among the FAP is disposed as follows.For all the lower floor's faults among the FAP (for example about DNS, IPSec or TCP fault, rather than about RST's), except the TCP that disposes as described in top " it is synchronous at the FAP after the TCP connection reconstruction that FAP initiates " trifle connects fault, FAP (1) discharges the TCP that leads to current GANC and connects, if set up this connection, (2) the safety connection of the SeGW of current GANC is led in release, if set up this connection, (3) start timer TU3905 (being used for FAP TCP connects) or TU3955 (the specific T CP that is used for UE connects), and (4) enter GA-RC-cancellation enrollment status.
E. the outer IE of sequence
FAP ignores the outer IE of all sequences in the message.In certain embodiments, GANC also adopts identical way and ignores the outer IE of all sequences in the message.
F. unexpected message
FAP abandons all unexpected message (unless for some message definition specific behavior) dumbly, these message or inconsistent with the current state of equipment, or outside sequence.Network should be taked identical way.
IX. employed message and information element
This joint provides the message of the use among some embodiment and the tabulation of information element (IE).IE is similar to " attribute " or " parameters ", and being used in the message to come exchange message by interface.
Table I X-1 has summed up the message that is used for universal resource management.
Table IX-1: the message that is used for unauthorized provided for radio resources management
| Find message: |
| GA-RC finds request |
| GA-RC finds to accept |
| GA-RC finds refusal |
| Registration message: |
| GA-RC registers request |
| GA-RC registers acceptance |
| The GA-RC registration is redirected |
| GA-RC registers refusal |
| GA-RC nullifies registration |
| Up link is upgraded in the GA-RC registration |
| Down link is upgraded in the GA-RC registration |
| Miscellaneous message: |
| The GA-RC keep-alive |
| The GA-RC synchronizing information |
Table I X-2 has summed up the message that is used for general place in circuit exchange resource (GA-CSR) management
Table IX-2: the message that is used for the GA-CSR management
| Message is set up in the GA-CSR connection: |
| The GA-CSR request |
| GA-CSR asks to accept |
| GA-CSR asks refusal |
| Traffic Channel is set up message: |
| GA-CSR activates channel |
| GA-CSR activates channel ACK |
| GA-CSR activates channel-failures |
| GA-CSR activates channel and finishes |
| Channel release message: |
| GA-CSR discharges |
| GA-CSR discharges and finishes |
| GA-CSR removes (CLEAR) request |
| Beep-page message: |
| GA-CSR paging request |
| The GA-CSR page response |
| Security mode messages: |
| The GA-CSR safe mode command |
| The GA-CSR safe mode is finished |
| GA-CSR safe mode refusal |
| Miscellaneous message: |
| The GA-CSR up link is directly transmitted |
| The GA-CSR down link directly transmits |
| The GA-CSR situation |
Table I X-3 has summed up the message that is used for general access Packet Service resource (GA-PSR) management.
Table IX-3: the message that is used for the control and management of general access Radio Link
| GA-PSR connection management message: | Employed transport layer |
| The GA-PSR-request | TCP |
| GA-PSR asks to accept | TCP |
| GA-PSR asks refusal | TCP |
| GA-PSR-discharges | TCP |
| GA-PSR discharges and finishes | TCP |
| GA-PSR TC administrative messag: | Employed transport layer |
| GA-PSR-activation-TC-REQ | TCP |
| GA-PSR-activation-TC-ACK | TCP |
| GA-PSR-activation-TC-CMP | TCP |
| GA-PSR-deexcitation-TC-REQ | TCP |
| GA-PSR-deexcitation-TC-ACK | TCP |
| The GPRS tunnel message: | |
| The GA-PSR-up link-directly-transmit | TCP |
| The GA-PSR-down link-directly-transmit | TCP |
| GAN dedicated signaling message: | |
| The GA-PSR-paging | TCP |
| The GA-PSR-page response | TCP |
| The GA-PSR-situation | TCP |
| Security message: | |
| The GA-PSR safe mode command | TCP |
| The GA-PSR safe mode is finished | TCP |
| GA-PSR safe mode refusal | TCP |
| GA-PSR removes request | TCP |
Table 9.2.1: the IE type and the identifier that are used for unauthorized provided for radio resources management
| IE | Identifier |
| Travelling carriage identity (FAP) | 1 |
| GAN discharges |
2 |
| |
3 |
| The |
4 |
| |
5 |
| GERAN/UTRAN covers |
6 |
| The GAN key words sorting | 7 |
| The |
8 |
| GANC- |
9 |
| GANC-SeGW is qualified domain name/host name fully | 10 |
| Be redirected counter | 11 |
| Find Reason For |
12 |
| The GAN sub-district is described | 13 |
| The GAN control channel is described | 14 |
| |
15 |
| The |
16 |
| GSM RR/ |
17 |
| The identification of |
18 |
| The |
19 |
| The GA-RC/GA- |
20 |
| The registration Reason For Denial | 21 |
| The |
22 |
| The |
23 |
| The TU3902 timer | 24 |
| L3 message | 26 |
| Channelling mode | 27 |
| Travelling carriage key words sorting 2 | 28 |
| The RR reason | 29 |
| Cipher mode is provided with | 30 |
| GPRS continues again | 31 |
| Transfer (handover) according to the GAN order | 32 |
| The indication of UL quality | 33 |
| TLLI | 34 |
| Packet flow identifier | 35 |
| Suspend reason | 36 |
| The TU3920 timer | 37 |
| QoS | 38 |
| The GA-PSR reason | 39 |
| User data rate | 40 |
| The route area code | 41 |
| The AP position | 42 |
| The TU4001 timer | 43 |
| The position situation | 44 |
| The password response | 45 |
| Decoding order RAND | 46 |
| Decoding order MAC | 47 |
| The decoding Ciphering Key Sequence Number | 48 |
| SAPI ID | 49 |
| Set up reason | 50 |
| Required channel | 51 |
| The PDU that makes mistakes | 52 |
| Sample size | 53 |
| PT Payload Type | 54 |
| Many rate configuration | 55 |
| Travelling carriage key words sorting 3 | 56 |
| LLC-PDU | 57 |
| Position blacklist designator | 58 |
| Designator resets | 59 |
| The TU4003 timer | 60 |
| The AP Service name | 61 |
| GAN service area information | 62 |
| The RTP redundant configuration | 63 |
| The UTRAN key words sorting | 64 |
| Key words sorting inquiry mask | 65 |
| The UTRAN cell identifier list | 66 |
| Service GANC table designator | 67 |
| The registration designator | 68 |
| The GANPLMN tabulation | 69 |
| The GAN service that requires | 71 |
| The broadcasting container | 72 |
| The 3G cell identity | 73 |
| FAP radio identity | 96 |
| GANC IP address | 97 |
| GANC is qualified domain name/host name fully | 98 |
| The IP address that is used for the GPRS user data transmission | 99 |
| The udp port that is used for the GPRS |
100 |
| The GANC tcp port | 103 |
| The RTP udp port | 104 |
| The RTCP udp port | 105 |
| The signal level tabulation that GERAN receives | 106 |
| The signal level tabulation that UTRAN receives | 107 |
| Integrity protection information | 75 |
| Enciphered message | 76 |
| The key situation | 77 |
| Selected integral algorithm | 78 |
| Selected cryptographic algorithm | 79 |
| The safe mode Reason For Denial | 80 |
| RAB ID | 81 |
| The RAB parameter | 82 |
| GTP TEID | 83 |
| The service handover | 84 |
| The PDP type information | 85 |
| Data volume report designator | 86 |
| DL GTP-PDU sequence number | 86 |
| UL GTP-PDU sequence number | 88 |
| DL N-PDU sequence number | 89 |
| UL N-PDU sequence number | 90 |
| Candidate's RAB parameter value | 91 |
| The RAB parameter value that distributes | 92 |
| The data volume tabulation | 93 |
| DRX length of the cycle coefficient | 94 |
| The paging reason | 95 |
| The |
110 |
| The GA-PSR state | 111 |
| Travelling carriage identity (UE) | 112 |
| RABS data volume report tabulation | 113 |
| Distribution/reservation priority information | 114 |
| The NAS synchronisation indicator | 115 |
X. Short Message Service
Group mode (PS pattern) SMS service is also supported in both supports current mode (CS pattern) the SMS services of Femto cell system.The CS/PS pattern of operation UE may can use MM sublayer or GMM sublayer to send and receive short message.The PS pattern of operation UE may can only use the GMM sublayer to send and receive short message.Below several joints described about SMS service and the reciprocation Femto sub-district.
A. circuit-mode (CS pattern) SMS service
Circuit service signaling structure described in " CS territory-control plane structure " trifle during top " the FEMTO cell system structure " that be based on the Femto sub-district protocol infrastructure relevant with CS Mode S MS support saves.Figure 41 shows the protocol architecture that is used for CS Mode S MS among some embodiment.
Femto sub-district CS Mode S MS supports to be based on and is used for the CS mobile management and calls out the identical mechanism of controlling.In UE 4,105 one sides, SMS layer 4110 utilizes (comprise and support CM sublayer function) service of MM layer 4115, implements according to the preferred circuit pattern, transmits SMS message.Use the message relay function in the GA-CSR agreement, between UE 4105 and MSC 4115, open the tunnel of SM-CP agreement effectively.As CS mobile management and call control process, SMS uses the special-purpose TCP signaling of the UE between FAP and the INC 4120 to connect, and provides reliable SMS to transmit by Up interface 4125.
B. group mode (PS pattern) SMS service
Packet Service signaling structure described in " PS territory-control plane structure " trifle during top " the FEMTO cell system structure " that be based on the Femto sub-district protocol architecture relevant with PS Mode S MS support saves.Figure 42 shows the GAN protocol architecture that is used for group mode SMS among some embodiment.
In UE 4,205 one sides, SMS layer 4210 (comprise and support CM sublayer function) is implemented according to the standard packet pattern, utilizes the service of GMM layer 4215 to transmit SMS message.Use the message relay function in the GA-PSR agreement, between UE 4205 and SGSN 4220, pass the SM-CP agreement effectively.As the Packet Service signaling process, SMS uses the special-purpose TCP signaling of the UE between FAP and the INC 4225 to connect, and provides reliable SMS to transmit by Up interface 4230.
The C.SMS situation
Following situation shows the related message flow of various SMS situations via the Femto sub-district.
1. the SMS that is derived from travelling carriage of circuit-mode
The SMS that is derived from travelling carriage via the GAN circuit-mode that Figure 43 shows among some embodiment transmits.As shown in the figure, the user imports message and calls the SMS function that is derived from travelling carriage on the UE 4305 that is in idle pulley.Step 4 among Figure 43 to 10 corresponding to the step 2 in " being derived from the calling of the travelling carriage " trifle in top " call manager " one joint to 7.Next, UE 4305 (arrives FAP 4310 in step 8) by the SMS message transmission that air interface will be encapsulated in the CP-data-message.
The CP-data-message relaying that FAP will be encapsulated in the direct pass-along message of GA-CSR UL (arrives INC 4315 in step 9).INC uses the direct pass-along message of RANAP that the CP-data-message is transmitted and (arrives MSC 4320 in step 10).MSC uses MAP-MO-forwarding-SM message call, via the interactive MSC of SMS (IWMSC) 4325, this forwards (is arrived SMSC in step 11).
MSC sends (at step 12) CP-data-ACK, so that the reception of CP-data-message is confirmed.SM-CP is designed to following mode: each point-to-point between UE and SMSC (SM service centre) connects to go up confirms each CP-data block, to guarantee that following transport layer (RANAP in this case) works error-free, this is owing to there is not the clear and definite ack for the direct pass-along message of RANAP.
INC 4315 (arrives FAP 4310 in step 13) with described affirmation relaying.FAP transmits CP-data-ACK by air interface and (arrives UE 4305 in step 14).(in step 15) SMS message, and IWMSC sends response to MSC to SMSC in MAP-MO-forwarding-SM return results message in response to the IWMSC transmission.
Next, MSC 4320 arrives INC 4315 with described response relaying (in step 16) in the CP-data-message.INC 4315 uses the direct transmission of GA-CSRDL should respond relaying (in step 17) to FAP 4310.FAP uses existing RRC to connect by air interface will respond relaying (in step 18) to UE.
As the part that SM-CP ack handles, UE confirms the reception (in step 19) of CP-data to FAP.FAP arrives INC with described affirmation relaying (in step 20).INC uses the direct pass-along message of RANAP that described affirmation is transmitted (in step 21) to MSC.
Next, MSC 4320 sends (in step 22) to INC with the Iu release message, and this message indication request discharges Session Resources.The SCCP connection identifier (CID is used to determine corresponding session.INC 4315 discharges the GA-CSR connection that (in step 23) leads to the FAP that is used for special session then.Equally, FAP 4310 discharges (in step 24) radio resource for the correspondence of UE.At last, INC confirms (in step 25) this release to MSC in the Iu Release complete.Be connected with SCCP that calling between INC and the MSC is associated and be released.
2.CS the SMS that ends at travelling carriage of pattern
The SMS that ends at travelling carriage via the CS pattern of Femto sub-district that Figure 44 shows among some embodiment transmits.As shown in the figure, SMSC 4425 sends to SMS Gateway MSC (GMSC) 4420 and (goes to the SMS message of UE 4405 in step 1).GMSC uses MAP-transmission-route-INFO-SM message call to inquire about routing iinformation to HLR.
HLR uses and serves MSC number that MSC is associated and make response (in step 2).SMS GMSC uses MAP MT-forwarding-SM message call that SMS message is transmitted and (arrives MSC in step 3).Except the user attempts stopping SMS message, step 4 to 10 with top " ending at the calling of travelling carriage " joint in step 2 to 8 identical; Therefore, it is necessary having only signaling channel.
Next, MSC 4420 will be encapsulated in SMS message in the CP-data-message and send (in step 11) to INC 4415.INC uses the direct transmission of GA-CSR DL that this message relay (is arrived FAP 4410 in step 12).FAP uses existing RRC to connect by air interface CP-data-message relaying (is arrived UE 4405 in step 13).
As the part of SM-CP ack process, UE confirms (in the reception of step 14) CP-data to FAP.FAP should confirm that relaying (arrived INC in step 15).INC uses the direct pass-along message of RANAP should confirm to transmit (in step 16) to MSC.
SMS entity on the UE is confirmed (in step 17) via another CP-data-message (response) to SMS message, and this another CP-data-message is sent to FAP by air interface.The response CP-data-message relaying (in step 18) that FAP will be encapsulated in the direct pass-along message of GA-CSR UL arrives INC.INC uses the direct pass-along message of RANAP will respond the CP-data-message and transmits (in step 19) to MSC.
Next, MSC 4420 sends response (in step 20) to SMS GMSC4425 in MAP-MT-forwarding-SM return results message.GMSC is relayed to SMSC with this response.MSC confirms the reception of (in step 21) CP-data to INC.INC 4415 arrives FAP with CP-data-ACK relaying (in step 22).
Next, FAP 4410 transmits (in step 23) to UE 4405 by air interface with CP-data-ACK.MSC 4420 sends (in step 24) to INC 4415 with the Iu release message that indication request discharges Session Resources.The SCCP connection identifier (CID is used to determine corresponding session.
XI. emergency services
Transparent support to emergency services is that key is adjusted requirement.Femto sub-district emergency services tenability comprises the support to UMTS-Femto sub-district SAI mapping flexibly and INC distribution functionality.This makes it possible to FAP is assigned to INC, that is to say, successively, is connected to the MSC that can route the call to the PSAP in the service area of Femto sub-district.The Femto sub-district service area that this can also make the service provider define to aim at grand network service area is to regulate existing PSAP route way based on service area.
Femto sub-district emergency services tenability also comprises uses the enhanced service access control function, supports from external data library searching and storage FAP positional information.Femto sub-district emergency services tenability further comprises, supports the RANAP position message to handle, and by this processing, INC returns the FAP positional information to MSC during urgent call is handled.Some embodiment are not supported in the urgent call from unwarranted UE (owing to being used for the service access control of specific FAP) on the given FAP.
One of function that UMTS-Femto sub-district mapping is handled is, the call distribution Femto sub-district service area of having done for the UE that uses the Femto sub-district.FAP, between record time, provide information about grand covering (such as, grand LAI, grand 3G sub-district-id etc.), this grand covering can be mapped to Femto sub-district service area identification (SAI).This Femto sub-district SAI can be used to support to route emergency calls to the ability of correct PSAP; That is, based on SAI.Yet in order to satisfy the requirement that routes emergency calls to correct PSAP, in fact two kinds of feasible ways are arranged: (1) is based on service area (that is, route SAI) and (2) location-based route.
A. based on the route of service area
Because based on the route of service area, the decision of PSAP route is based on the service area code (SAC) that is included in the SAI.Figure 45 shows the route situation based on service area of some embodiment.As shown in the figure, the user uses the UE 4505 that preempts on the Femto sub-district to send (in the step 1) urgent call.UE sets up (in step 2) and is connected with the RRC of FAP, and it sets up former because urgent call.
After the request that receives from the upper strata, UE sends CM service request (its CM COS is configured to " urgent call foundation ") and (arrives FAP 4510 in step 3).FAP carries out as described in several joints in front and (is connected with the GA-CSR of INC 4515 to set up in step 4) and handles (it is set up the reason indicating emergency and calls out).
FAP 4510 uses the direct pass-along message of GA-CSR UL that the CM service request is transmitted then and (arrives INC 4515 in step 5).The SCCP that INC 4515 uses the RANAP initial UE message to set up and leads to MSC 4520 connects, and the forwarding of CM service request (is arrived MSC 4520 in step 6).This initial message comprises and the lane place of distributing to the specific FAP that initiates urgent call thereon (LAI) and the relevant information of service area (SAI).
MSC 4520, INC 4515 and UE 4505 continue (in the step 7) call set up signaling.MSC determines service PSAP based on the service area of calling out UE, and the urgent call route (is arrived suitable substance P SAP in step 8).Set up (in the step 9) urgent call in the other signal message of exchange between UE and the PSAP and between UE and suitable service PSAP.
B. location-based route
Based on one of shortcoming of the route of service area is that it need be divided into a plurality of service areas with Femto sub-district service area based on the PSAP route request.Location-based method for routing has been eliminated this restriction.Location-based route also is known as " X/Y route " or " utilizing the route in place ", and quilt is in " positioning service (LCS); Functional descriptions; Stage 2 ", definition among the 3GPP TS 23.271.Some embodiment support location-based route, and other embodiment do not support location-based route.
XII.FEMTO sub-district safety
GAN Femto sub-district is supported in the security mechanism of different brackets and interface, as shown in figure 46.As shown in the figure, security mechanism avoids being subjected to unwarranted use, data manipulation and eavesdropping by signaling, the voice-and-data Business Stream of Up interface 4605 protections between FAP 4610 and GANC SeGW 4615; That is, support authentication, encryption and data integrity mechanism.
By core network the user is carried out authentication and occur between MSC/VLR or SGSN 4620 and the UE4625, and transparent to GANC 4640.Air interface between UE 4625 and the FAP 4610 is protected via encrypting (decoding) and integrity checking.In certain embodiments, it is optional air interface being used encryption.
Can in the PS territory, adopt other application-level security mechanism, to guarantee the end-to-end communication between FAP 4605 and the application server 4630.For example, FAP can move http protocol to guarantee the web access in the SSL session.
By the secure tunnel between FAP 4605 and the GANC-SeGW 4615 (for example, ipsec tunnel) protect all signaling traffics and the user-plane traffic that sends by Up interface 4605 between FAP and GANC, the same mechanism of stipulating in its use and the following standard provides mutual authentication (using SIM or USIM voucher), encryption and data integrity: " 3G security; Wireless Local AreaNetwork (WLAN) interworking security ", 3GPP TS 33.234 standards hereinafter are called " TS 33.234 standards ".Use the single secure tunnel between FAP 4610 and the GANC 4640, enable a plurality of UE 4625 (for the sake of simplicity, only show one among Figure 46) and Femto sub-district self is (for example, the FAP signaling or when FAP used FAP IMSI to support local service, the signaling of FAP and user plane utilized same ipsec tunnel).The advantage of the single ipsec tunnel between use FAP and the GANC comprises makes SeGW needn't support a large amount of secure tunnels.
A. authentication
In certain embodiments, the UMTS voucher carries out authentication (in order to set up the purpose of secure tunnel) about GANC to FAP ability is used in the support of Up interface.To use EAP-AKA in the IKEv2 or EAP-SIM to carry out authentication between FAP and the GANC.
FAP sets up with GANC-SeGW and is used to protect signaling traffic related with user-plane (voice-and-data) service security.The agreement that is used for authentication is IKEv2.Mutual authentication and key generate and are provided by EAP-AKA or EAP-SIM.
The basic element of these processing is as follows.Be connected with the FAP of GANC-SeGW by starting IKEv2 initial exchange (IKE_SA_INIT) and initiate.As the result of these exchanges, start EAP-AKA or EAP-SIM and handle.Carry out between FAP and aaa server (it has inserted AuC/HLR/HSS with retrieve user information), the EAP-SIM that is used for the FAP (but not having UMTS AKA ability) that only has the FAP of SIM or have USIM handles.Carry out between FAP and aaa server, the EAP-AKA that is used to have USIM and has a FAP of UMTS AKA ability handles.GANC-SeGW serves as the relaying of EAP-SIM/EAP-AKA message.
When EAP-AKA/EAP-SIM handles when having completed successfully, can continue IKEv2 and handle so that it is finished, and guarantee signaling channel between FAP and the GANC-SeGW.Then, FAP can continue to carry out discovery or registration process.The signaling flow that is used for the EAP-AKA/EAP-SIM authentication has been shown in the following trifle.
1. the EAP-SIM that is used for authentication handles
At " Extensible Authentication Protocol Method for GSM Subscriber IdentityModules (EAP-SIM) ", stipulated the EAP-SIM authentication mechanism among the IETF RFC 4686.This joint has been described this mechanism of how using in the Femto sub-district.Figure 47 shows the EAP-SIM authentication process among some embodiment.As shown in the figure, FAP 4705 is connected to general purpose I P access network and obtains (in the IP address of step 1) acquiescence or service SeGW via the DNS inquiry.In response, dns server 4710 returns the IP address of (in step 2) SeGW.
Next, FAP 4705 exchanges initialization IKEv2 authentication process by starting (at step 3a-3c) IKE_SA_INIT.By saving the AUTH payload from message 3 (first message of IKE_AUTH exchange), indicating needs to use EAP, and the composition of originator identity meets network access identifier (NAI) form of stipulating in the following standard: " The Network Access Identifier ", IETF RFC 2486, hereinafter be called " IETF RFC 2486 ", originator identity comprises IMSI and should use the indication of EAP-SIM.
Next, (to aaa server 4720, comprising originator identity, and this originator identity is included in the 3rd IKE message GANC-SeGW 4715 in step 4) with the transmission of EAP response/identity message.The leading digit of NAI (leading digit) indication FAP wishes to use EAP-SIM.Aaa server 4720 is the candidate that EAP-SIM is carried out authentication based on the identity that receives with User Recognition, and checking should be used EAP-SIM based on ordering information.Then, AAA sends EAP request/SIM-startup grouping and (arrives GANC-SeGW 4715 in step 5).
GANC-SeGW starts packet forward with EAP request/SIM-and (arrives FAP in step 6).FAP selects fresh random number N ONCE_MT.This random number is used in the network authentication.FAP sends to GANC-SeGW and (starts grouping at step 7) EAP response/SIM-, comprise NONCE_MT.
GANC-SeGW starts packet forward with EAP response/SIM-and (arrives aaa server in step 8).Aaa server 4720 is asked (at the step 9) authorization data from HLR 4725 based on IMSI.Aaa server can instead use in advance the tlv triple (triplets) of the high-speed cache of fetching from HLR to continue authentication process.
Alternatively, AAA 4720 receives from HSS/HLR 4725 and (orders and a plurality of tlv triple the step 10) user.Aaa server is ordered according to the user and/or from the indication that FAP receives, is determined the EAP method (SIM or AKA) that will use.In this precedence diagram, suppose that FAP holds SIM and will use EAP-SIM.
Aaa server formulism has the EAP-SIM/ that a plurality of RAND address inquires to addresses inquires to, and aaa server comprises message authentication code (MAC), and its master key is based on that the Kc key that is associated and NONCE_MT calculate.The key material that can use EAP-SIM to generate, come selected and protection (that is, encrypt and integrity protection) new re-authenticate identity.Aaa server in EAP request/SIM-challenge message with this RAND, MAC with re-authenticate identity and send (in step 11) to GANC-SeGW.GANC-SeGW transmits EAP request/SIM-challenge message and (arrives FAP in step 12).
Each for each RAND that receives, FAP moves (the GSM A3/A8 algorithm in N SIM of step 12).This calculating provides N SRES and Kc value.Whether FAP calculates its that part network authentication MAC with new key material of deriving, and check it and equate with the MAC that receives.If MAC is incorrect, then network authentication has been failed and FAP cancels this authentication.Only FAP just continues authentication exchange under the correct situation of MAC.FAP calculates new MAC with the new key material that has covered the EAP message that links to each other with N SRES response.Re-authenticate ID if receive, then FAP stores this ID to be used for authentication in the future.
FAP 4705 will comprise that the EAP response/SIM-inquiry of the MAC that calculates sends to (at step 14) GANC-SeGW 4715.GANC-SeGW is forwarded to EAP response/SIM-challenge message (at step 15) aaa server 4720.The copy of aaa server checking (in step 16) its response MAC equates with the MAC that receives.
If step 16 relatively is successful, then aaa server sends to (in step 17) GANC-SeGW with the EAP success message.Aaa server is included in and is used for the confidentiality between FAP and the GANC-SeGW and/or the key derivation material of integrity protection in lower floor's aaa protocol message (that is not being in the EAP grade).
GANC-SeGW notifies (in step 18) FAP success authentication with the EAP success message.Now, EAP-SIM exchange is completed successfully, IKE signaling can be done (in step 19).Security association between FAP and the GANC-SeGW has been done and FAP can continue to carry out discovery of Femto sub-district or registration process.
2. the EAP-AKA that is used for authentication handles
At " Extensible Authentication Protocol Method for 3rd GenerationAuthentication and Key Agreement (EAP-AKA) ", stipulated the EAP-AKA authentication mechanism among the IETF RFC 4187.This joint has been described this mechanism of how using in the Femto sub-district.Figure 48 shows the EAP-AKA authentication process of some embodiment.As shown in the figure, FAP 4805 is connected to general purpose I P access network and obtains (in the IP address of step 1) acquiescence or service SeGW via the DNS inquiry.Dns server 4810 returns (in the IP address of step 10) SeGW.
Next, GANC-SeGW 4815 sends to EAP response/identity message that (at step 4) aaa server 4820, this message comprises the originator identity that is comprised in the 3rd IKE message.The leading digit indication FAP of NAI wishes to use EAP-AKA.Aaa server is the candidate that is used for carrying out authentication on EAP-AKA based on the identity that receives with User Recognition, and verifies based on ordering information and should use EAP-AKA.Aaa server is asked (at step 5) user profiles and UMTS authentication vector (one or more), if can not get these at aaa server from HSS/HLR 4825.
Alternatively, AAA receives from HSS/HLR and (orders and UMTS authentication vector (one or more) the step 6) user.The UMTS authentication vector is by random partial (RAND), authentication-tokens (AUTN), expected result part (XRES) and be used for integrity checking (IK) and the session key of encryption (CK) is formed.Aaa server is ordered according to the user and/or from the indication that FAP receives, is determined the EAP method (SIM or AKA) that will use.In this precedence diagram, suppose that FAP holds USIM and the EAP-AKA that will be used.
Next, aaa server 4820 uses RAND, AUTN, is formulated EAP-request/AKA inquiry, and aaa server 4820 comprises message authentication code (MAC), and the master key of this code is based on that the IK that is associated and CK calculate.The key material that can use EAP-AKA to generate select and protect (that is, encryption and integrity protection) new re-authenticate identity.Aaa server in EAP request/AKA-challenge message with RAND, AUTN, MAC with re-authenticate identity and send to (at step 7) GANC-SeGW 4815.
GANC-SeGW is forwarded to EAP request/AKA-challenge message (at step 8) FAP.FAP moves on USIM (at step 9) UMTS algorithm.Thereby whether USIM checking AUTN correctly also carries out authentication to network.If AUTN is incorrect, FAP refuses authentication.If AUTN is correct, USIM calculates RES, IK and CK.FAP uses the new key material (IK and CK) that covers EAP message to calculate new MAC.Re-authenticate ID if receive, then FAP stores the authentication that this ID is used for future.
Then, FAP will comprise that the EAP response/AKA-of the RES that calculates and MAC addresses inquires to and send to (at step 10) GANC-SeGW.GANC-SeGW is forwarded to EAP response/AKA-challenge message (at the step 11) aaa server.
Aaa server is verified the MAC that receives and (is compared in step 12) and with XRES and the RES that receives.If the check result of step 12 is successful, then aaa server sends to the EAP success message (at step 13) GANC-SeGW.In the aaa protocol message of bottom (that is, not being in the EAP grade), aaa server comprises the confidentiality that is used between FAP and the GANC-SeGW and/or the key derivation material of integrity protection.
GANC-SeGW notifies (successful about authentication at step 14) FAP with the EAP success message.Now, the EAP-SIM exchange is completed successfully, and the IKE signaling can be finished (in step 15).Security association between FAP and the GANC-SeGW is done, and FAP can proceed discovery or registration process to the Femto sub-district.
3. re-authenticate fast
When frequent execution authentication process, when a large amount of connected Femto sub-districts access point is particularly arranged, carry out to re-authenticate fast and can reduce because the network load that this authentication causes.Re-authenticating fast to handle allows aaa server to come the user is carried out authentication based on handling the key of deriving from last full authentication.
For example, when setting up new SA owing to the IP address modification of FAP, FAP and GANC-SeGW can use the processing that is used for re-authenticating fast to come FAP is re-authenticated.Re-authenticating by EAP-AKA fast provides, and does not utilize the UMTS algorithm.FAP can use the ID that re-authenticates among the IKE_SA_INIT.Utilize the decision that re-authenticates processing fast to make by aaa server.
Each basic element of these processing is as follows.FAP uses the GANC-SeGW that is connected to before it to initiate new SA, and uses in the IKE_SA_INIT exchange re-authenticate ID (receive re-authenticate ID) during a preceding full authentication is handled.As the result of these exchanges, beginning EAP-AKA handles.The key that aaa server and FAP derive based on formerly full authentication is to re-authenticating each other.
B. encrypt
All controls and the user-plane traffic that are undertaken by the Up interface should send via ipsec tunnel, and this ipsec tunnel is established as the result of authentication process.Encryption should be used consulted encryption algorithm (negotiated cryptographic algorithm), based on the core network strategy, is executed by GANC-SeGW.
FAP and GANC-SeGW set up a security association, and all business all are sent out via this security association.Use single consulted encryption algorithm to connecting.
1. the foundation of security association
After authentication process, FAP should ask the IP address on by the network of GANC-SeGW (that is the public IP interface of INC) protection.FAP should set up an ipsec security association (SA) between FAP and GANC-SeGW.
FAP should initiate the establishment of SA; That is the promoter during, it should be consulted as flow selector (Traffic Selector).Agreement id field in the flow selector (TS) should be set as zero, and ID is uncorrelated for the indication agreement.IP address range among the TSi should be configured to distribute to the address (in the network by the GANC-SeGW protection) of FAP.IP address range among the TSr should be configured to 0.0.0.0-255.255.255.255.The IKEv2 mechanism of should using FAP and GANC-SeGW detects NAT, NAT and passes through (NAT traversal) and keep-alive.
All controls and the user plane data that are undertaken by the Up interface between FAP and the INC should be sent out via SA.Encryption mode is consulted during connecting foundation.During the foundation of SA, FAP comprises the tabulation (as the part of IKE signaling) of the cryptographic algorithm of being supported, this tabulation comprises that the optional algorithm and the NULL enforceable and that supported of definition encrypts in the ipsec profile (IPSec profile).GANC-SeGW selects one of these algorithms, and sends it to FAP by signal.
When using the NULL encryption, the two all is sent out control and user-plane traffic under the state of not encrypting.For example, in the following time of control that is connected the operator between general purpose I P access network and GANC, can select this configuration.For these two kinds of configurations, integral algorithm is identical, that is, non-encrypted business also is subjected to integrity protection.
The profile of C.IKEv2 (Profile)
In certain embodiments, the profile that is used for the IKEv2 of Femto cell system is similar to the defined profile of TS 43.318 standards.
The profile of D.IPSec ESP
In certain embodiments, the profile that is used for the IPSEC ESP of Femto cell system is similar to the defined profile of TS43.318 standard.
E. safe mode control
Figure 49 shows the message flow that is used for safe mode control among some embodiment.As shown in the figure, CN (VLR/SGSN) 4920 and UE 4905 use the AKA processing execution (at the step 1) mutual authentication.The CN authentication is as the result of CN processing from the initial L3 message of UE, is initiated by CN.
When the authentication success, CN sends to (in step 2) GANC with RANAP " safe mode command " message.This message comprises Integrity Key (IK) key, encryption (or password) key (CK), user's integral algorithm (UIA), and the encryption that will use when encryption (or user encryption) algorithm (UEA).
In certain embodiments, GANC storage encryption key and Integrity Key and algorithm.GANC will have the encryption key that is associated with specific UE IMSI and the GA-CSR safe mode command of Integrity Key and algorithm sends to (at step 3) FAP 4910.FAP is that particular UE storage encryption key and Integrity Key and algorithm are (in step 4).FAP should guarantee that these keys can not inserted by any other module on third party application or the FAP.In addition, these keys should not be stored on any permanent memory.CK and UEA are used to protect air interface between FAP and the UE by the business between FAP and the UE of encrypting.IK and UIA are used to guarantee between FAP and UE the integrality by the message of air interface exchange, for example, and by determining that message is not changed.In certain embodiments, UIA and UEA are the software approachs of being carried out by processor.
FAP generates random number (FRESH) and uses Integrity Key (IK) and integral algorithm (MAC-I) calculates down link (promptly, from FAP to UE) message authentication code (MAC), and safe mode command and the message authentication code that is used for integrality (MAC-I) and the FRESH that calculate sent to (at step 5) UE 4905.The FRESH variable is represented random number or " 3G Security; Security architecture ", defined random number (nonce) in 3GPP TS 33.102 standards (hereinafter being called " TS 33.102 standards ").UE calculates in this locality and (verifies also at step 6) MAC-I (MAC-I of expectation or XMAC-I) (whether downlink MAC-the I that receives in step 6) is identical.UE calculates the XMAC-I about received message by COUNT-I and the FRESH parameter that receives as defining in TS 33.102 standards that the START that uses indicated UIA, stored generates.Begin to carry out forward the down link integrity checking from this message.For all follow-up message that send to UE (downlinlc message) from FAP, use to be similar to step 5 is guaranteed message to 6 step integrality.
When successful verification MAC, UE finishes order with safe mode and postbacks the response (MAC-I that is used for up link (that is, from UE to FAP) message in step 7) and transmission.FAP calculates and (at the XMAC-I of step 8) uplink message, and verifies (whether the MAC-I that receives in step 8) is identical with the XMAC-I that calculates.The up link integrity checking from this message forward.For all the follow-up message (uplink message) that send to FAP from UE, use to be similar to step 7 is guaranteed message to 8 step integrality.
MAC-I is sender's the MAC-I that calculates, and XMAC-I is the expectation MAC-I that is calculated by the recipient.As mentioned above, this calculating is to use and has only algorithm that sender and recipient know and other variable to finish for given message.This has prevented that go-between (man-in-the-middle) from attacking, and does not calculate the required necessary information of MAC-I because entity does not halfway have, and therefore can not distort this message.
When successful verification up link MAC, FAP finishes order with the GA-CSR safe mode and sends to (at step 9) GANC.GANC finishes command auto repeat via the RANAP message of correspondence with safe mode and arrives (at step 10) CN.
F. core network authentication
Based on the authentication of core network AKA be provided for and network between mutual authentication.AKA handles and also is used to generate encryption key (encrypting and integrality), and this key provides the confidentiality and integrity protection to signaling and user data then.The basis of mutual authentication mechanism is master key K (permanent secret, its length is 128 bits), and this master key K shares between user's USIM and the home network database.Encryption key (Ck) and Integrity Key (Ik) are derived from this master key K.
The AKA that is used for mutual authentication that Figure 50 shows among some embodiment handles.As shown in the figure, when 5010 preemptions of 5005 pairs of Femto sub-districts of UE access point, it is initiated (at step 1) position updating request (Location Update Request (or Location Updating Request)) to CN.INC5015 is forwarded to (in step 2) VLR/SGSN 5020 with the position updating request in the RANAP message.
This has triggered authentication process among the VLR/SGSN and its transmission and (has given AUC (AuC) in the Home Environment (HE) 5025 in step 3) authorization data request MAP message.AuC comprises the master key of UE and is based on IMSI that AuC will generate authentication vector for particular UE.In authorization data response MAP message, the vector tabulation is sent out back (at step 4) VLR/SGSN.
VLR/SGSN selects (at authentication vector of step 5) (each run of authentication process only needs 1 vector) from tabulation.VLR/SGSN sends to subscription authentication request (AUTREQ) message (at step 6) INC.This message also comprises two parameters, that is, and and RAND and AUTN (from selected authentication vector).
USIM calculates also generation, and (at step 10) RES, this RES is addressed to CN in issuing the authentication response message of CN.FAP is forwarded to Authentication Response (at step 11) INC.INC will respond in RANAP message and the RES parameter is relayed to (at step 12) CN.
VLR/SGSN (compares the response XRES (it is the part of authentication vector) that UE responds RES and expectation in step 13).If coupling, then authentication success.Then, CN can initiate (to handle (described as top " safe mode control " trifle) in the step 14) safe mode, to give INC with encryption key distribution.
Service in the G.Femto sub-district is usurped
According to definition, FAP has and is used for the radio interface (Uu) of communicating by letter with UE and is connected to travelling carriage network of network interface (Up).These message can be eavesdropped and tackle to message between FAP relaying UE and the core network also.FAP, under the situation of divulging a secret, become ignominious ' people among go-between's security exposure '.
In normal running, the macrocell network guides UE to scan Femto sub-district UTRA absolute radio frequency channel number (UARFCN) and scrambler (SC), and when detecting the covering of FAP radio with convenient UE, UE can attempt FAP is preempted.Hope is with FAP{UARFCN, SC} is configured in the grand network RNC neighbor cell list, so that RNC can provide this neighbor cell list for UE, thereby make UE carry out to the scanning of adjacent cell with for the final cell selecting of the neighbor that is used to preferably preempt.The UE executing location is upgraded, and its identity (be IMSI, or be TMSI) is provided, and wishes it is carried out authentication, and then, the Femto sub-district that advances to being used for the travelling carriage service preempts.This desired generation during the FAP of UE accesses network mandate just.
When FAP was divulged a secret or swindles, then UE may expose self and stolen service.When UE when FAP provides its identity, FAP can pretend to be UE to the travelling carriage network.Normally, the UE authentication can prevent this identity theft, but in the communication process between core network and UE, FAP can be to the UE relaying authentication request of being injured so that failed authentication.
UE believes oneself by network authentication, and correct Authentication Response is offered FAP.FAP sends correct response to core network, and core network believes that FAP is by authentication now.Between the authentication request that network is initiated, the travelling carriage network requests of the UE that FAP may be injured to disguising oneself as and reception service.For example, now, the calling that is derived from FAP may be paid by the UE that is injured.In this case, UMTS signaling message integrity mechanism may not have help to this, because provide integrity protection by air interface between UE and FAP.
Because FAP has the terminal use and communicating by letter with GANC on the internet, divulge a secret or rogue FAP may attempt to walk around the UMTS safeguard construction.Rogue FAP is the man-in-the-middle attack person between typical UE and the CN.Do not having sufficient network security verification and executing under the situation of access rules, rogue FAP can pretend to be the UE that is injured, and utilizes the identity of the UE that is injured to use the service of travelling carriage network.FAP is classified into following three kinds of access control patterns: sealing access, semi-open access or open the access.
Under sealing access situation, the access of complete Femto sub-district being served by given FAP is limited to closed user's group.Under semi-open access situation, limited access is provided for all users.The user who is not the member of this closed group is allowed to receive incoming call and SMS by semi-open FAP.In addition, the user also is allowed to use the FAP with semi-open access module work to carry out urgent call.All be blocked such as all other services of breathing out etc.At last, under open access situation, all users of given operator are allowed to insert by carry out complete service with the FAP that opens access module work.In certain embodiments, using following technology to protect at the UE with the FAP place of one of above-mentioned pattern work pretends to be and usurps service.
1. sealing access point
Insert among the FAP in sealing, can not be injured as the member's of privately owned user's group of FAP UE, because the UE in FAP and the privately owned user group links by subscription process.GANC can execute the network-based services access control, enters the snare of rogue FAP with the UE that prevents to be injured.If UE is not the member of privately owned user's group of rogue FAP, GANC will refuse the service of UE is inserted.This means and to prevent that rogue FAP from using the identity of the UE that is injured to usurp service.
The affairs strictness that GANC also will carry out under each UE registration context is tied to initial authorized UE identity, uses the UE identity of being injured to carry (piggybacking) message by authorized UE context to prevent rogue FAP.The identity that strict binding requires GANC to follow the trail of each UE, even when it has been assigned with the TMSI that is used for User Identity Confidentiality and P-TMSI.Following more detailed description the sealing access module under to preventing that service is usurped.
2. semi-open and open access point
Only on semi-open and open access point, just have the possibility that rogue FAP pretends to be the UE that is injured takes place.The UE that is injured can be that network allows rogue FAP preemption but is not member's the UE of privately owned user's group of FAP.For these UE, the possibility of usurping service exists really, because rogue FAP has motivation that its oneself cost of use note is ordered on the account at the UE that is injured.
The service of it should be noted that is usurped situation and only just may be taken place when the UE that is injured preempts this rogue FAP.Rogue FAP can be used as UE and carries out authentication to core network (CN), pretends to be UE to CN request service then.As long as the UE that is injured keeps preemption to rogue FAP, FAP just can continue to transmit authentication request and continue to pretend to be.
For semi-open FAP,, prevent from not to be that member's the UE of privately owned user's group of FAP initiates serve on affair (outgoing service) outward according to definition.Network Basedly put teeth in semi-open access control and can prevent that rogue FAP from pretending to be the UE that is injured to usurp service.Yet when the UE that is injured preempted rogue FAP, rogue FAP can block the incoming call to the UE that is injured, and perhaps eavesdropping is talked.Semi-open FAP situation is similar with open F AP situation, and is as mentioned below.
For open F AP, according to definition, GANC can not use the service of travelling carriage network that restriction is set to any UE.Can not judge all when per call that also this calling is legal that make or FAP pretends to be the UE that is injured to make by UE.This makes network forced execution UE access control prevent that UE from being invalid aspect pretending to be.The method of preventing must concentrate on guarantees to have only the real FAP that is not modified could be granted open the access.
3. the security solution that is used for the enhancing of open access point
Open F AP may be abused by following two kinds of situations: (1) replaces real FAP fully with rogue device and (2) are modified in the existing software that FAP moves from authorized distributors.
A) detect real FAP
Can use technology to prevent to replace real FAP with rogue device based on public keys and private cipher key.In this solution, require FAP in company with the UMA registration message authentication code (MAC) that gives information, this message authentication code (MAC) is that the private cipher key according to distributors calculates.Use the GANC of AAA to verify the MAC on the UMA registration message by the MAC on the contrast UMA registration message with the MAC that the public keys of FAP distributors calculates.Have only real FAP that correct MAC can be provided in the UMA registration message.
The processing details is as follows.It is right that each FAP distributors generates privately owned/public keys.Public keys is stored in the FAP database in the network.When FAP when GANC registers, GANC sends the registration challenge message by comprising RAND number in inquiry.FAP sends challenge response, and comprises the MAC (message authentication code) of the private cipher key generation of using distributors.MAC is to use the canonical algorithm that is used for SHAl to generate.
GANC is relayed to AAA via the Sl interface with the MAC of random number and generation.AAA fetches public keys and calculates its expectation MAC from the FAP database.If the local MAC that calculates with on network, receive identical, then AAA has verified that FAP is genuine.If the MAC among the AAA checks failure, registration is rejected, thereby prevents to use this GANC access service.It should be noted that all FAP that buy from same distributors have same private cipher key, therefore, each FAP has identical reflection.Private cipher key is stored in the unencrypted mode never.This detection method must combine with following method protects private cipher key can not be extracted out from FAP.
B) guarantee unmodified FAP
FAP hardware can be implemented " software authentication " technology, to guarantee having only believable, authorized software just can be allowed to move on FAP hardware.Some embodiment carry out following software authentication techniques." boot-loader (bootloader) " software, this software is responsible for the initial condition of the system that sets up so that can pack correct operating system and application program into, and with the download and the mandate of Control Software." boot-loader " software must be by utmost good faith, and it is unmodifiable therefore needing this software.Can pass through, for example, in ROM or OTP flash memory, implement boot-loader software, satisfy this requirement.
Use is signed to the software of packing on FAP corresponding to the private cipher key of each distributors.Boot-loader software can be responsible for using the public keys of distributors to verify this signature.The signature check result will prevent " swindle " software successful operation for failure.It should be noted that public keys can be delivered to boot-loader software via the certificate of being signed, perhaps public keys can directly be stored into this locality in boot-loader.
Above technology prevents that software is encased on the FAP hardware by in addition anyone of distributors.Have only distributors to have to the software necessary private cipher key of signing, thereby by " software authentication ".
4. advanced processes
Figure 51 shows and can cause rogue FAP to usurp the advanced processes of service.Below processing is usurped in Femto sub-district service description done following hypothesis: (1) rogue FAP is closed AP, promptly, the service access of Femto sub-district is limited to UE and puts the letter tabulation (in this embodiment, having only the UE-1 related with identity IMSI-1/TMSI-1 to be allowed to use rogue FAP to carry out the service of Femto sub-district inserts), (2) as the part of the mutual trust between FAP and the UE that is associated, closed AP has the fail safe of tacit declaration.Closed AP behavior uses service access control (SAC) to guarantee by network in the UE registration, (3) UE that is injured is associated with identity IMSI-2/TMSI-2, and do not allow the service on this rogue FAP, and (4) ' swindle ' FAP has been divulged a secret and attempt to use the identity of putting the UE that is injured outside the letter tabulation to usurp service.Although Figure 51 to 53 shows and the relevant step of circuit switched resource (CSR), those skilled in the art can use this technology to packet-switched resources (PSR).
Shown in Figure 51, authorized UE 5110 foundation (at step 1a) are connected with the RRC of the FAP 5115 that it is preempted.UE 5110 upgrades to CN 5130 beginning (at step 1b) positions and handles.FAP 5115 is with the intercepting position update request, and trial registers to UE 5110 the service GANC 5120 that is associated by existing IPSEC tunnel.If use TMSI to finish the position renewal, FAP 5115 can ask (at step 1c) and receive the IMSI of (at step 1d) UE5110, needs this IMSI because UE is carried out initial registration.
Next, FAP 5115 uses the TCP of UE special use to connect, and registers request by sending (in step 2) GA-RC, attempts UE 5110 is registered on the GANC 5120.This message comprises: (1) registered type: the equipment that indication is being registered is UE, (2) general purpose I P access network attachment point information: AP-ID, (3) UE identity: UE-IMSI, and (4) FAP identity: FAP-IMSI.GANC 5120 will use the information that provides in the registration request to come UE5110 is authorized (at step 2a-2c) via aaa server 5125.Authorization logic on the aaa server 5125 will check also whether UE 5110 is allowed to use specific FAP 5115 to carry out the Femto sub-district and inserts.
When GANC 5115 accepted the registration trial, GANC accepted to make response (in step 3) with the GA-RC registration.FAP 5115 upgrades NAS PDU encapsulation with the position, and (in the direct pass-along message of GA-CSR UL, the direct pass-along message of this GA-CSR UL is forwarded to GANC 5120 via existing TCP connection in step 4).
GANC 5120 sets up the SCCP that leads to CN and connects, and uses the RANAP initial UE message that position updating request NAS PDU is forwarded to (at step 5) CN.To use the direct pass-along message of RANAP in the follow-up NAS message that sends between GANC and the CN between UE and the core network.CN 5130 uses standard UTRAN authentication process that UE 5110 is carried out authentication (in step 6).CN5130 initiates also that (the still standard security pattern control and treatment described in step 6) such as TS 33.102 standards, this causes being used for the safe key of particular UE, and { CK, IK} is assigned to FAP via GANC.
Next, CN 5130 uses the position of mailing to GANC 5120 to upgrade and accepts message, and (it has received that the position is upgraded and it will be accepted this position and upgrade in step 7) in indication.GANC 5120 arrives FAP 5115 with this forwards in GA-CSR DL directly transmits.Next, FAP upgrades the position by air interface and accepts to be relayed to (at step 9) UE 5120.
At this moment, the authorized session that is used for particular UE-1 uses its voucher IMSI-1 to be established (in step 10) between FAP 5115 and GANC 5120.Next, the UE 5105 that is injured near rogue FAP 5115, when finding FAP 5115 by air interface, will attempt selecting logic to preempt this rogue FAP 5115 based on its internal zone.This will trigger UE 5105 foundation (at step 11a) and be connected with the RRC of rogue FAP 5115.Then, UE will start the renewal processing of (at step 11b) position to CN 5130.FAP 5115 is with the intercepting position update request.If use the TMSI completing place to upgrade, then FAP will ask the be injured IMSI of UE 5105 of (at step 11e) and reception (at step 11d).
The rogue FAP UE 5105 that do not attempt being injured registers to GANC 5120, but will reuse the existing authorized session (described as step 10) of UE-15110, is delivered to CN 5130 via GANC5120.Importantly, should note, if rogue FAP uses and is injured the UE voucher (promptly, IMSI-2) attempt the UE that is injured is registered, based on network SAC may refuse the registration request, because the UE-25105 that is injured uses the service of Femto sub-district by this specific rogue FAP 5115 without permission.
FAP 5115 upgrades NAS PDU with the position and is encapsulated in the direct pass-along message of GA-CSR UL, and the direct pass-along message of this GA-CSR UL connects and is forwarded (in step 13) to GANC 5120 via the existing TCP of UE-1 5110.The SCCP that CN 5130 is led in GANC 5120 foundation connects, and uses the RANAP initial UE message that position updating request NAS PDU is transmitted and (arrive CN 5130 in step 14).To use the direct pass-along message of RANAP in the follow-up NAS message that sends between GANC 5120 and the CN 5130 between UE 5105 and the core network 5130.
Next, CN 5130 uses standard UTRAN authentication process that the UE-2 that is injured is carried out authentication (in step 15).Authentication message is relayed to UE 5105 pellucidly by GANC 5120 and FAP 5115.CN5130 initiates also that (the standard security pattern control and treatment described in step 15) such as TS 33.102 standards, { CK, IK} is assigned to FAP via GANC to the safe key of this UE that causes being used to being injured.
When finishing authentication, CN 5130 use locations are upgraded and to be accepted message it has received that the position is upgraded and it will be accepted this position and upgrade to GANC 5120 indications (in step 16).GANC 5120 arrives FAP 5115 with this forwards (in step 17) in GA-CSR DL directly transmits.FAP 5115 upgrades the position by air interface and accepts relaying (in step 17) to the UE that is injured.
Now, CN 5130 considers via FAP 5115 and 5120 couples of the GANC UE 5105 that is injured and carried out authentication, and will accept from this service request of UE 5105 of being injured, and no longer specific time window carried out extra authentication.During this time window, no longer given user is carried out extra authentication, this time window is controlled based on particular implementation by CN 5130 typically.FAP 5115 utilizes this time window and just can use be injured UE 5105 vouchers and identity initiation service request now, for example, FAP5115 just can use now IMSI-2 to begin to be derived from (MO) calling of travelling carriage with user identity, causes the duplicity expense to be remembered in the order of the UE that is injured under one's name.Importantly, though it should be noted that CN 5130 decision to from each service request of given user (such as, MO) carry out authentication, FAP 5115 also can be relayed to authentication message and be injured UE 5105 and successfully finish the authentication of CN 5130.
H. be used for preventing the mechanism that the service of Femto sub-district is usurped
In this trifle, disclose the protection mobile network and avoided the GANC that above-mentioned go-between usurps situation harm.For different UE grades, the risk that service is usurped is different.For by the order account (such as, family planning (family plan)) of the link UE related, can alleviate and serve the risk of usurping by design to the pricing plan of the stimulation of removing any misleading network with FAP.FAP will be only can be from its oneself account takeover service.
For not related with FAP UE, the possibility of usurping service exists really, because rogue FAP has motivation that the expense of oneself using is remembered on the UE account of being injured now.GANC has a responsibility for preventing that not related UE from being caught by FAP.GANC serves defined related UE and tabulates and finish this responsibility by each FAP is restricted to.Be provided for starting the decision logic of this UE restriction based on the disclosed GANC of the service access control of AAA.Each UE inserts and is authorized individually by AAA between UE UMA record time.AAA only checking UE and UE associated with FAP insert be derived from same IP address after just by the ipsec tunnel mandate UE access identical with FAP.GANC executes the aaa authorization decision by accepting or refuse the UMA registration request for UE.
In addition, GANC verifies all the follow-up communications from UE, is inserted into previous authorized registration context to prevent rogue FAP attempt being used for the being injured control plane message of UE.GANC monitoring TMSI and P-TMSI be to the distribution of UE, makes it UE can be associated with in the following UE identity any: IMSI, TMSI and P-TMSI.This allows the UE-FAP association of GANC compulsory execution about the communication between UE and the core network, no matter whether control plane message uses UE IMSI, TMSI or P-TMSI to come addressing.Below two trifles described and use two kinds of distinct methods to prevent that rogue FAP from attempting the advanced processes that service is usurped.
1. service is usurped and is prevented-way 1
The Femto sub-district service that Figure 52 shows some embodiment is usurped and is prevented way.Step 1-7 is with top identical about the described step 1-7 of Figure 51.GANC 5220 monitoring (at step 8) CN 5230 new temporary identity is distributed to UE 5210, that is, be used for the TMSI of CS service and be used for the P-TMSI of PS service, and related between the session identity of establishment TMSI or P-TMSI and particular UE.GANC will utilize this information to come the session identity of the follow-up NAS layer message that rises on the UE special session is carried out safety inspection.
GANC 5220 uses the direct pass-along message of GA-CSR DL to be forwarded to (at step 9) FAP 5215 from the location updating message that CN 5230 receives.FAP 5215 upgrades the position by air interface and accepts to be relayed to (at step 10) UE 5210.
At this moment, use its voucher IMSI-1 between FAP 5215 and GANC 5220, to set up (in the authorized session that is used for particular UE-1 of step 11).Next, the UE 5205 that is injured near rogue FAP 5215, when finding FAP 5215 by air interface, selects logic to attempt this rogue of preemption FAP based on its internal zone.This will trigger UE 5205 sets up (at step 12a) and is connected with the RRC of rogue FAP.Then, UE 5205 upgrades to CN 5230 beginning (at step 12b) positions and handles.FAP 5215 intercepting position update requests.Upgrade if use TMSI to carry out the position, then FAP will ask the be injured IMSI of UE 5205 of (at step 12c) and reception (at step 12d).
Rogue FAP 5215 UE 5205 that do not attempt being injured registers to GANC 5220, (the existing authorized session (describing in above step 11) at step 13) UE-15210 will be delivered to CN 5230 via GANC 5220 but will reuse.Importantly, should note, if using, rogue FAP 5215 is injured UE 5205 vouchers (promptly, IMSI-2) attempt the UE5205 that is injured is registered, based on network SAC may refuse the registration request, because the UE-2 5205 that is injured uses the service of Femto sub-district by this specific rogue FAP 5215 without permission.
Next, FAP 5215 upgrades NAS PDU with the position and is encapsulated in the direct pass-along message of GA-CSR UL, and the direct pass-along message of this GA-CSR UL connects and is forwarded (in step 14) to GANC 5220 via the existing TCP of UE-I 5210.5220 pairs of session identity of GANC are carried out (in the step 15) safety inspection.Because entrained identity in the location update message, promptly, IMSI-2, with the known identities of session (as the IMSI-1 of the identity that is used to register and authorizes, perhaps as the TMSI that learnt of the GANC 5220 that describes of top step 8) among any all do not match, GANC 5220 can detect the service of trial and usurp.
GANC nullifies registration by the session that will be used for UE-1 5210, prevents to attempt service and usurps.GANC 5220 will nullify registration message and send to (in step 16) FAP 5215 in the specific session (being used for the authorized session of UE-1) that the service of once attempting is usurped.
2. service is usurped and is prevented-way 2
Figure 53 shows Femto sub-district service among some embodiment and usurps and prevent.Step 1-15 is with top identical about the described step 1-15 of Figure 52.Because identity entrained among the NAS PDU does not all match with any known identities that is used for this session, GANC 5320 usefulness are replaced identity in the location update message about the original authorized identity of this special session, that is, come substitute I MSI-2 with the IMSI-1 among the NAS PDU.GANC sets up the SCCP that leads to CN 5330 and connects, and uses the RANAP initial UE message that amended position updating request NAS PDU is forwarded to (in step 16) CN5330.The identity of UE-1 in this request of CN 5330 usefulness receives service request, and will associate this request and UE-15310 user data (comprising bill etc.).
The service access control of XIII.FEMTO sub-district
Service access control (SAC) of Femto sub-district and the service of chargeing are based on the Sl interface between INC and the one or more aaa server.In above-mentioned U.S. application 11/349,025, specifically defined the Sl interface function.
The target of Femto sub-district service access control is to be provided for correctly implementing the instrument of its Femto sub-district service program based on from user's the real time information and the non real-time information of supplying in operator's IT system and service database for the operator.Use this service strategy, the operator can implement creativeness service and the control to the certain limit of each user's application, and this causes acceptance or refusal to the Femto sub-district session registration request of any dispersion.Mainly, whether the service strategy current access request that is used to discern the user satisfies the condition of the service program that they order.
In certain embodiments, Femto sub-district SAC comprises discovery, registration and redirection function, and the enhanced service access control function, such as, limit the service access of Femto sub-district based on FAP MAC Address of being reported or adjacent grand network UMTS cell information.
Because local SAC (for example: FAP can use local SAC not allow again to insert the UE that the Femto sub-district is served via this specific FAP to refuse neither to allow to insert the service of Femto sub-district quickly) can be carried out by FAP in the execution aspect.
The key element of service access control design way is as follows:
1) two kinds of service access control config options are arranged:
A) basic service access control: do not adopt Sl (INC-AAA) interface and provide one group of limited service access control ability by INC.
I) INC is responsible for the discovery of Femto sub-district, registration and redirection function.
Ii) UMTS is positioned at INC to Femto sub-district mapping logic and data; That is, this logic and data are used to support discovery, registration and redirection function, and are used to support the FAPS distribution services district to specific.
The iii) service access control of no user or FAP-special use.
B) enhanced service access control: adopt the Sl interface, and AAA provides the service access control feature of expansion, comprise the customer characteristic that requires according to the service provider.
I) UMA discovery, registration and redirection function are retained on the INC.
Ii) UMTS is retained in the INC to Femto sub-district mapping logic and data.
Iii) AAA supports to lead to the interface of external database server; For example, via LDAPv3.
Iv) in above-mentioned U.S. application 11/349,025, defined the details of these enhanced service access control functions.
2) starting enhanced service access control support function (that is the service access control function of Sl interface) is the INC config option; If be activated, the attribute that INC uses RADIUS to receive in discovery and registration request is forwarded to AAA.This allows AAA to carry out following operation (for example):
A) judge that should when allow or refuse the UE registration attempts (for example, service being restricted to single FAP)
B) fetch the FAP positional information from external data base, and this information is sent to INC.
C) the rate designator of will presenting the bill is provided among the INC of institute's combination in UMTS handles to Femto sub-district SAI mapping.
D) indication is to the submitting of user (hand-in), distribution (hand-out) or startup of the two or forbidding.
The mapping of A.UMTS-Femto sub-district
UMTS handles to the mapping of Femto sub-district and comprises following content:
1) UMTS-INC mapping (or " INC selection ") provides following function:
A) it allows INC conduct " supply INC " travelling carriage is directed to " the acquiescence INC " of its appointment.
B) its allow INC as " acquiescence INC " travelling carriage is directed to suitable " service INC " (for example, under FAP is in situation outside its normal acquiescence INC area of coverage).
C) it allows INC to judge that whether the UMTS area of coverage is Femt sub-district-limited, and if like this, then denial of service.
2) UMTS-Femto sub-district service area mapping (perhaps " selection of Femto sub-district service area ") provides following function:
A) it allows INC to distribute as " acquiescence or service INC " and should register the Femto sub-district service area that (with all UE of this specific FAP of preemption) is associated with FAP.Then, can utilize service area to be used for the urgent call route, as described in " based on the route of the service area " trifle in top " emergency services " joint.
B. serve access control (SAC) example
Exemplary service access control below describing in this trifle: (1) new FAP is connected to the GANFemto subzone network, (2) FAP is connected to GAN Femto subzone network (redirected connection), (3) FAP attempts connecting in the restricted UMTS area of coverage, (4) authorized UE roams in licensing the FAP that serves the Femto sub-district, and (5) unwarranted UE roams in licensing the FAP that serves the Femto sub-district.
1. new FAP is connected to GAN Femto subzone network
Figure 54 shows the SAC that being used among some embodiment is connected to the new FAP of Femto subzone network.As shown in the figure, if FAP 5405 has the FQDN that be supplied or that derive of supply SeGW, then it is carried out (in step 1) DNS inquiry (via general purpose I P access network interface), FQDN is resolved to the IP address.If FAP has the IP address that is supplied that is used to supply SeGW, then omit the DNS step.
If FAP has the FQDN that be supplied or that derive of supply INC, then it is carried out (in step 4) DNS inquiry (via secure tunnel), FQDN is resolved to the IP address.If FAP has the IP address that is supplied that is used to supply INC, then will omit DNS step (step 4).Dns server 5420 returns response, and (in step 5), this response comprises the IP address of supplying INC.
Next, FAP 5405 sets up on supply INC 5425 and (leads to the clearly TCP connection of the port of definition in step 6).Then, FAP 5405 uses GA-RC to find request inquiry (the supply INC that is used to give tacit consent to INC in step 7).This message comprises cell information and FAP identity.For cell information, if FAP detects the grand network coverage, then it provides detected UTRAN sub-district ID and UTRAN LAI.If FAP does not detect the grand network coverage, then it provides the LAI that last FAP successfully registers, and shows that it is for which designator.For the FAP identity, this message comprises IMSI.
Aaa server uses based on AP-ID and IMSI and accepts message and return (the Femto location information of cell of selecting in step 10) to INC 5425.INC 5425 uses UMTS-Femto sub-district mapping function (see also top UMTS and shine upon a joint to the Femto sub-district) to judge (at step 11) acquiescence security gateway and INC (for example, INC # 2 5430).Do like this in order to make " this locality " acquiescence INC among the FAP 5405 directed HPLMN, to optimize network performance.
FAP uses the acquiescence INC FQDN that distributes to carry out (in the privately owned DNS inquiry of step 14).Privately owned dns server 5420 returns (in the IP address of step 15) INC # 2 5430.FAP sets up the TCP connection that (in step 16) leads to INC # 2 5430.FAP sends row (in step 17) INC with the GA-RC register request message.
INC sends to (in step 18) aaa server with RADIUS access-request message, comprises the attribute of deriving from the GA-RC register request message.Aaa server inquiry (in step 19) Femto community user database is to seek the record that mates with FAP IMSI.User record is returned to (in step 19) aaa server.Aaa server checking IMSI is authorized and FAP is allowed to (based on AP-ID).
Next, aaa server returns (in step 20) selected Femto sub-district Service Properties to INC.INC uses UMTS-Femto sub-district mapping function to determine (in step 21), and this is the correct service INC that is used for the travelling carriage current location.INC also uses UMTS-Femto sub-district mapping function to determine the Femto sub-district service area that (in step 21) is associated with FAP.INC returns (in step 22) GA-RC registration to MS and accepts message.
2.FAP be connected to GAN Femto subzone network (redirected connection)
Figure 55 shows the SAC that FAP is redirected at the Femto subzone network that is used among some embodiment.Step 1 is to 10 identical with those steps described in top " new FAP is connected to GAN Femto subzone network " trifle.Next, INC 5525 uses UMTS-Femto sub-district mapping functions to judge (should to be served by another INC at step 11) FAP 5505.
INC 5525 sends to new service SeGW and INC FQDN (at step 12) FAP 5505 in the GA-RC register redirect message.FAP discharges and (to connect and ipsec tunnel at step 13) TCP, and to proceed registration to assigned I NC.
3.FAP attempt the connection in the restricted UMTS area of coverage
Figure 56 shows being used for the SAC in the FAP of restricted UMTS area of coverage registration among some embodiment.As shown in the figure, step 1 is to 10 identical with those steps described in top " new FAP is connected to GAN Femto subzone network " trifle.Next, INC 5625 uses UMTS-Femto sub-district mapping functions to judge (to be in the restricted UMTS district, Femto sub-district at step 11) FAP 5605 and (that is, not allow the access of Femto sub-district in this zone).
INC registers refuse information with GA-RC and sends to and (at step 12) FAP, comprise Reason For Denial " position is not allowed to ".FAP discharges and (connects and ipsec tunnel at step 13) TCP, and do not attempt once more from same UMTS area of coverage registration, up to outage.
4. authorized UE roams in licensing the FAP that serves the Femto sub-district
Sequence of events is described identical with top UE registration one joint.
5. unwarranted UE roams in licensing the FAP that serves the Femto sub-district
Unwarranted UE (using the service of Femto sub-district by specific FAP without permission), when FAP is preempted (via its internal zone choice mechanism), to initiate NAS layer position to CN via FAP and upgrade processing (LU is triggered, because the macrocell Femto sub-district different LAI adjacent with other that FAP broadcasting is adjacent).FAP registers to INC with intercepting position updating message and trial with UE, and this is described below.Figure 57 shows the SAC that unwarranted UE inserts authorized FAP that is used among some embodiment.
As shown in the figure, UE 5705 RRC that sets up the FAP that (at step 1a) preempted with it is connected.UE starts (at step 1b) and upgrades processing to the position of CN.FAP 5710 is with the intercepting position update request, and trial registers to UE the service INC that is associated by existing ipsec tunnel.Alternatively, upgrade if use TMSI to carry out the position, FAP can ask the IMSI of (at step 1c) UE, because the initial registration of UE must use permanent identity to carry out, that is, and the IMSI of UE.
FAP (for each UE) on INC 5715 sets up the independent TCP that leads to the destination tcp port and connects.INC destination tcp port is registered employed identical with FAP.FAP registers request by sending (in step 2) GA-RC, attempts UE is registered on the INC.This message comprises (1) registered type, and the equipment that its indication is being registered is UE, (2) UE identity, that is, and UE-IMSI, and (3) FAP identity, that is, and FAP-IMSI.
Alternatively, if INC has been configured for the service access control (SAC) by the Sl interface, INC will (in step 3), via aaa server 5420, use the information that is provided in the registration request, UE 5405 will be authorized.Authorization logic on the aaa server is also checked and (in step 4), is seen whether UE is allowed to use specific FAP to carry out the Femto sub-district and inserts.The UE that the indication of AAASAC logic is being registered does not insert the service of Femto sub-district through authorizing by specific FAP.
Next, AAA 5720 sends to admission reject (and the Reason For Denial that equals " UE is not allowed on FAP ") (at step 5) INC 5715.INC is mapped to admission reject (in step 6) GA-RC registration refuse information, to indicate Reason For Denial to FAP.
Then, FAP 5710 sends to UE 5705 and (upgrades refusal in the step 7) position, and have former because " lane place is not allowed to ".This will prevent that UE from attempting to preempt once more specific FAP.And some embodiment use " lane place is not allowed to " as the mechanism that is used to refuse unwarranted UE, and other embodiment can use other suitable UE reject mechanism.
XIV. computer system
Figure 58 conceptually shows and implements the employed computer system of some embodiments of the present invention.Computer system 5800 comprises bus 5805, processor 5810, system storage 5815, read-only memory 5820, permanent storage 5825, input unit 5830, and output device 5835.
All systems, ancillary equipment and the chipset bus of the communication between the interior arrangement of bus 5805 overall representative support computer systems 5800.For example, bus 5805 can couple together processor 5810 and read-only memory 5820, system storage 5815 and permanent storage 5825 communicatedly.
Be similar to permanent storage 5825, system storage 5815 is to read-write storage device.Yet different with storage device 5825, system storage is easy alexia-memory write, such as, random access storage device.The system memory stores processor is at some required instruction and datas of when operation.
Some embodiment carry out required instruction and/or the data of processing and are stored among system storage 5815, permanent storage 5825, read-only memory 5820 or above three's the combination in any.For example, various memory cell comprise that being used for handling the multimedia item purpose according to some embodiment instructs.Processor 5810 is fetched the instruction that will carry out and pending data from these various memory cell, thereby carries out the processing of some embodiment.
It will be understood by those of skill in the art that in conjunction with the present invention any or all assembly of the system that can use a computer 5800.For example, some or all assemblies of the computer system of describing with reference to Figure 58 comprise some embodiment of above-mentioned UE, FAP, GANC and GGSN.In addition, one skilled in the art will appreciate that also and can use any other system configuration in conjunction with the present invention or part of the present invention.
XV. define and abridge
It below is the tabulation of definition used herein and abbreviation
AAA authentication, mandate and charging
The ACL access control lists
The AES Advanced Encryption Standard
AH authentication header (IPSec)
AKA authentication and key protocol
The identification of ALI automated location
AMS access point management system
The automatic digit recognition of ANI
The AP access point
The APN APN
The ATM asynchronous transfer mode
AuC AUC
The CBC CBC
CBC password block chain
CC calls out control
The CDR call detail record
The CMDA code division multiple access
The overall situation identification of CGI sub-district
The CgPN caller rs number
The CLIP calling line is represented
The CK cryptographic key
The CM connection management
CM-sub connection management sublayer
The CN core network
The CPE client device
The CRC cyclic redundancy code
CRDB coordinate routing database (Cooridnate Routing Database)
The CS circuit switching
CTM honeycomb text by phone modulator-demodulator is as defined among the 3GPP 26.226
The DL down link
The DNS domain name system
But EAP extended authentication agreement
EAP on the EAPOL LAN
ECB electronic code book (AES pattern)
ELID emergency location information is transmitted
E-OTD strengthens observed time difference
The ESN emergency service number
ESP emergency services agreement or encapsulating security payload (IPSec)
ESRD emergency services route numerical digit
ESRK emergency services route key
ETSI ETSI
FCAPS fault, configuration, charging, performance and safety management
FAP Femto sub-district access point
FCC FCC
The FQDN fully qualified domain name
General access-the circuit switched resource of GA-CSR
The GAN general access network
GANC GAN network controller
General access-the packet-switched resources of GA-PSR
The general access of GA-RC-resource control
The general numerical digit parameter of GDP
GERAN GSM EDGE Radio Access Network
The GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node
The GMLC GMLC
GMM/SM GPRS Mobility Management and session management
GMSC gateway MSC
The GPRS GPRS
The GPS global positioning system
GMM-sub GPRS Mobility Management sublayer
GPRS radio resource sub-layer among the GRR-sub GSM
The GSM global system for mobile communications
The GSN GPRS Support Node
The GTP GPRS Tunnel Protocol
GTT GSM overall situation text by phone or SS7 global title translation
The HLR attaching position register
HMAC ashed information authentication code (Hashed Message Authentication Code)
The HPLMN Home PLMN
The IAM initial address message
The ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol
IETF Internet engineering duty group
The IK Integrity Key
IKEv2 the Internet Key Exchange version 2
The international mobile station equipment identification code of IMEI
IMSI international mobile subscriber identity
INC IP network controller
The IP Internet Protocol
IPSec IP safety
The IPv4 internet protocol version four
The IPv6 IPv 6
ISDN integrated service digital network
ISP ISP
The ISUP ISDNYong Hubufen
Iu interface UTRAN
The IV initialization vector
The LA lane place
LAC lane place code
LAI lane place identification code
The LAU location area updating
The LU position is upgraded
The LCS location-based service
LEAP lightweight EAP (same EAP-Cisco)
The LLC logic link control
The LLC-sub logical link control sublayer
The local mobile identification number of LMSI
The LSB Least significant bit
The LSP location services protocol
M is mandatory
M3UA MTP3 user adaptation layer
Access control of MAC medium or message authentication code (same MIC)
The MAC Address Media Access Control Address
MAC-I is used for the message authentication code of integrality
The MAP MAP
The MDN mobile directory number, MDN
The ME mobile station apparatus
MIC message integrity check (same message authentication code)
MG or MGW media gateway
The MM mobile management
The MM-sub mobility management sub-layer
The MPC mobile positioning center
The MS travelling carriage
The most important bit of MSB
MSC mobile switching centre
The MSISDN Mobile Subscriber International ISDN number
The MSRN mobile station roaming number
The 1/2/3rd layer of MTP 1/2/3 Message Transfer Part
The NAS Non-Access Stratum
The non-calling of the NCAS signaling of being correlated with
NDC national goal ground code
The service of NS network
Base station identifier (Network layer Service Indoor in the NSAPI network layer service space
Base Station Identifier)
The NSS network subsystem
O is optional
OCB is offset code book (Offset Code Book) (AES pattern)
The OTP One Time Programmable
PANI puppet-ANI: perhaps ESRD or ESRK
The PCS personal communication service
The PCU packet control unit
The PDCH Packet Data Channel
The PDE position determining entity
The PDN packet data network
The PDP packet data protocol, for example, IP or X.25
The PDU protocol Data Unit
The shielded EAP of PEAP
The PKI Public Key Infrastructure
The PLMN public land mobile network
The POI point of interface
The PPF paging indicates
The PPP peer-peer protocol
The PSAP public safety answering point
The PSTN public switch telephone network
The PTM point is to multiple spot
The P-TMSI Packet-TMSI
The PTP point-to-point
The PVC permanent virtual circuit
QoS service quality
R needs
RA route district
RAB RANAP request for allocation
RAC route area code
RADIUS remote authentication dial-in customer service
The RAI Routing Area Identifier
The RAN Radio Access Network
The RANAP Radio Access Network Application Part
RFC Request for Comment (ietf standard)
The control of RLC Radio Link
The RNC radio network controller
RR-sub provided for radio resources management sublayer
RSN robust secure network
The RTCP real time control protocol
The RTP real-time protocol (RTP)
SAC serves access control
SAC service area code SC scrambler
The SCCP SCCP
The SDCCH Separate Dedicated Control Channel
The SDU service data unit
SeGW GANC security gateway
The SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
The SK service key
The SIM subscriber identity module
The SM session management
The SMLC Serving Mobile Location Center
The SMS Short Message Service
The SM-AL Short Message Application Layer
SM-TL short message transmission layer
SM-RL short message relay layer
SM-RP short message trunk protocol
SMR short message relaying (entity)
SM-CP short message control protocol
SMC short message control (entity)
The SM-SC SMS service center
SMS-GMSC short message service gateway MSC
The MSC that the SMS-IWMSC Short Message Service is mutual
The SNDCP subnet relies on convergence protocol
SN-PDU SNDCP PDU
The S/R selective router
The SS assistant service
The SSID service is provided with identifier (being also referred to as " network title ")
The SSL SSL
STA stand (802.11 client)
The TA Timing Advance
The TCAP TCAP Transaction Capability Application Part
The TCP transmission control protocol
TDOA is poor the time of advent
TEID terminal endpoint identifier
The TID tunnel identifier
The TKIP Temporal Key Integrirty Protocol
The TLLI TLLI
The TLS Transport Layer Security
TMSI temporarily moved subscriber identity
TOA time of advent
Conversion of TRAU sign indicating number type and Rate Adapter Unit
TTY text by phone or teletype writer
UARFCN UMTS absolute radio frequency channel number
The UDP User Datagram Protoco (UDP)
The UE user's set
The UL up link
The unauthorized mobile access of UMA
The UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
USIM UMTS subscriber identity module/universal subscriber identity module
The USSD unstructured supplementary service data
The UTC UTC Universal Time Coordinated
UTRAN UMTS Terrestrial radio access network network
The VLR Visited Location Registor
The MSC that VMSC is accessed
The public land mobile network that VPLMN is accessed
The VPN virtual private networks
The W-CDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA)
The WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy
WGS-84 world geodetic system 1984
WPA Wi-Fi protected access
1 district, the WZ1 world
The description of front for illustrative purposes, has been used concrete term, so that the reader thoroughly understands the present invention.Yet those skilled in the art will be clear, and detail is not that enforcement the present invention is necessary.Like this, for the purpose of illustration and description, provide the description of front for specific embodiments of the invention.These embodiment are not exclusiveness, neither limit the invention to disclosed accurate mode; Obviously, with reference to above-mentioned open scheme, can realize a variety of modifications and distortion.The selection of these embodiment and description are in order to explain principle of the present invention and its practical application better, thereby enable those skilled in the art to utilize better the present invention, have carried out the special-purpose that the various embodiment of various modifications are suitable for expecting.In addition, though described the present invention, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention can other concrete mode implement, and can not break away from spirit of the present invention with reference to many details.
In some examples and schematic diagram, may describe or show two assemblies connected to one another.This connection can be directly wired connection, also can be two assemblies by other assembly or can be coupled to each other communicatedly by wireless or wideband link.Therefore, person of skill in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the exemplary details of front, but define by appended claim.
Claims (20)
1. one kind is carried out method for managing resource in communication system, wherein communication system comprises first wireless communication system and second wireless communication system, this second wireless communication system comprises Femto sub-district access point (FAP) and network controller, network controller can be coupled to described first wireless communication system communicatedly with described FAP, and this method comprises:
A) determine whether user's set (UE) is roamed in the zone by described FAP service, wherein said FAP comprises general access-in resource control (GA-RC) protocol sublayers;
B) be created in the independent GA-RC state of UE special use described in the described GA-RC protocol sublayers; And
C) the described GA-RC state of described UE special use is arranged to nullify enrollment status, described cancellation enrollment status indicates described UE not to be registered the service of using described second wireless communication system.
2. the method for claim 1 further comprises, when by described FAP described UE successfully being registered to described network controller, the described GA-RC state of described UE special use is arranged to registered state.
3. whether a definite user's set (UE) has roamed into the method outside first wireless communication system, this first wireless communication system comprises Femto sub-district access point (FAP) and network controller, this network controller can be coupled to second wireless communication system communicatedly with described FAP, and this method comprises:
A) at described FAP place from described UE receiving cycle message; And
B) when failing to receive the described periodic message of predetermined number at described FAP place:
I) in unique connection of the described UE special use between described FAP and the described network controller, send the cancellation registration message to described network controller; And
Ii) discharge the connection of described UE special use.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 wherein, by sending system information broadcast from described FAP to described UE, is controlled enabling and the cycle of described periodic message.
5. one kind loses the method that connectivity discharges resource afterwards in communication system, this communication system comprises first wireless communication system and second wireless communication system, this second wireless communication system comprises Femto sub-district access point (FAP) and network controller, described network controller can be coupled to described first wireless communication system communicatedly with described FAP, and described method comprises:
A) send periodic message from described FAP to described network controller in the connection between described FAP and the described network controller, described periodic message is used to determine whether to lose described connection, and
B) when determining to lose described connection at described FAP place:
I) user's set (UE) that can be coupled to described FAP is communicatedly nullified registration; And
Ii) force described UE to carry out the sub-district gravity treatment.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein, the described connection that loses is the first unique connection of described FAP special use, wherein between described FAP and described network controller, there is the second unique connection of described UE special use, described method further comprises: after having determined to lose the connection of described FAP special use by described FAP, and before described UE deregistration is registered: i) trial rebulids first connection between described FAP and described network controller; And
Ii) only when rebulid described first connect described trial failure the time, carry out described UE deregistration registration by described FAP.
One kind in communication system the registration Femto sub-district access point (FAP) method, this communication system comprises first wireless communication system and second wireless communication system, this second wireless communication system comprises described FAP and network controller, this network controller can be coupled to described first wireless communication system communicatedly with described FAP, and this method comprises:
A) send the register request message that comprises registered type from described FAP to described network controller, wherein said registered type is designated described FAP the equipment that will register to described network controller; And
B) when described network controller determines that described network controller can be accepted registration request from described FAP, receive registration at described FAP place and accept message.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, further comprise, send the register request message that comprises registered type from described FAP to described network controller, the user's set that wherein said registered type will be able to be coupled to described FAP communicatedly is designated the equipment that will register to described network controller.
9. in communication system, carry out the method for finding for one kind, this communication system comprises first wireless communication system and second wireless communication system, this second wireless communication system comprises Femto sub-district access point (FAP) and supply network controller, this supply network controller is used for described FAP can be coupled to described first wireless communication system communicatedly, and this method comprises:
A) send the discovery request message from described FAP to described supply network controller, this discovery request message comprises the wireless area information through permission; And
B) when described supply network controller determines that described supply network controller can be accepted described discovery request message, receive discovery at described FAP place and accept message, the sign that message comprises the default network controller of determining based on described cell information is accepted in this discovery, and described discovery is accepted message and sent by described supply network controller.
10. in communication system, carry out the method that user's set (UE) is registered for one kind, this communication system comprises first wireless communication system and second wireless communication system, this second wireless communication system comprises Femto sub-district access point (FAP) and network controller, this network controller is used for described FAP can be coupled to described first wireless communication system communicatedly, and this method comprises:
A) between described FAP and described network controller, set up unique connection of described UE special use; And
B) by the connection of this special use, receive register request message from described FAP at described network controller place.
11. method as claimed in claim 10, wherein, described register request message comprises the sign of described FAP and the sign of described UE.
12. method as claimed in claim 10, wherein, described UE is that a UE and described connection are first connections, and this method further comprises:
A) determine that the 2nd UE need register to described network controller; And
B) set up the second unique connection of described the 2nd UE special use between described FAP and described network controller, described FAP is connected one group of signaling message of exchange with described network controller by this; Wherein
Described second connection is different from described first and connects.
13. method of in communication system, protecting the communication security between Femto sub-district access point (FAP) and the network controller; this communication system comprises first wireless communication system and second network; this second network packet includes network controller and can be coupled to the FAP of described network controller communicatedly, this method comprises:
A) between described FAP and described network controller, set up secure tunnel; And
B) use described secure tunnel that described FAP and a plurality of user's set (UE) can be coupled to described network controller communicatedly;
Wherein said UE can be coupled to described FAP communicatedly by air interface.
14. method as claimed in claim 13, wherein said secure tunnel is an ipsec tunnel.
15. one kind prevents to usurp service method in communication system, this communication system comprises first wireless communication system and second wireless communication system, second wireless communication system comprises Femto sub-district access point (FAP) and network controller, this network controller can be coupled to described first wireless communication system communicatedly with described FAP, and this method comprises:
A) establishment comprises the authorized session of the session identity of first user's set (UE), this session is used for by described FAP a described UE and described first wireless communication system can being coupled communicatedly, described first wireless communication system is identified as a described UE through licensing the UE of described FAP, and a described UE discerns by one group of identity; And
B) when the identity of the 2nd UE and any identity among described one group of the one UE identity all do not match, refuse the request that the 2nd UE is registered of described FAP,
Wherein, unaccepted request comprises the session identity of described authorized session and the identity of described the 2nd UE, and described first wireless communication system is not identified as described the 2nd UE through licensing the UE of described FAP.
16. method as claimed in claim 15 further comprises, registration is nullified in the authorized session of a described UE.
17. method as claimed in claim 15, wherein said authorized session is first session, and this method further comprises, uses the identity from the UE among described one group of identity of a described UE, creates the second authorized session.
18. the method for claim 1, wherein use short-range wireless frequency, described UE can be coupled to described FAP communicatedly through permission.
19. the method for claim 1, wherein said second wireless communication system are general access network (GAN), wherein said network controller is general access network controller (GANC).
20. the method for claim 1, wherein, described network controller can be coupled to described first wireless communication system communicatedly by Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) terrestrial access network (UTRAN) Iu interface.
Applications Claiming Priority (20)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US82670006P | 2006-09-22 | 2006-09-22 | |
| US60/826,700 | 2006-09-22 | ||
| US60/862,564 | 2006-10-23 | ||
| US60/869,900 | 2006-12-13 | ||
| US60/884,017 | 2007-01-08 | ||
| US60/884,889 | 2007-01-14 | ||
| US60/893,361 | 2007-03-06 | ||
| US60/911,862 | 2007-04-13 | ||
| US60/911,864 | 2007-04-13 | ||
| US60/949,826 | 2007-07-13 | ||
| US60/949,853 | 2007-07-14 | ||
| US60/954,549 | 2007-08-07 | ||
| US11/859,771 | 2007-09-22 | ||
| US11/859,767 | 2007-09-22 | ||
| US11/859,769 | 2007-09-22 | ||
| US11/859,762 | 2007-09-22 | ||
| US11/859,770 | 2007-09-22 | ||
| US11/859,765 | 2007-09-22 | ||
| US11/859,763 | 2007-09-22 | ||
| US11/859,764 | 2007-09-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101543107A true CN101543107A (en) | 2009-09-23 |
Family
ID=41124240
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007800433415A Pending CN101543107A (en) | 2006-09-22 | 2007-09-22 | Method and apparatus for resource management |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101543107A (en) |
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011124172A3 (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-03-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for processing network configuration, and radio network controller |
| CN101778440B (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2012-11-21 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for migrating user plane from Iur-g interface towards A interface and device thereof |
| CN103428848A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-12-04 | 华为终端有限公司 | Terminal register method and terminal device |
| CN104010312A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-27 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Automatic obtaining and distributing method and system for Femto base station location area codes |
| CN104754654A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2015-07-01 | 阿尔卡特朗讯公司 | A method of call admission control for home femtocells |
| CN102714658B (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2016-08-03 | 瑞典爱立信有限公司 | Controlling call entity for communication network |
| TWI587671B (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2017-06-11 | 內數位專利控股公司 | Method and apparatus for efficiently maintaining communications connectivity for a plurality of applications |
| CN107113621A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2017-08-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of information transferring method, equipment and system |
| CN108432176A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2018-08-21 | J·斯托曼 | The system and method for ensuring assets and supply chain integrality |
| CN109690589A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2019-04-26 | 莫戈公司 | The traceable manufacture part of safety |
| CN110574438A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2019-12-13 | 高通股份有限公司 | Exchanging messages including in-flight status indicators between user equipment coupled with a drone and components of a terrestrial wireless communications user network |
| CN110832825A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2020-02-21 | 维萨国际服务协会 | Network for increasing verification speed by preventing data from being tampered |
| CN110915183A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2020-03-24 | 国际商业机器公司 | Block chain authentication via hard/soft token validation |
| WO2020168585A1 (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-27 | 中国互联网络信息中心 | Blockchain hybrid consensus based domain name information maintenance system |
| CN112887154A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-01 | 广西师范大学 | Two-dimensional variable code repeat OCDMA (optical code division multiple Access) system based on block chain and data processing method |
| CN113783691A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2021-12-10 | 微软技术许可有限责任公司 | Hardware accelerated payload filtering in secure communications |
-
2007
- 2007-09-22 CN CNA2007800433415A patent/CN101543107A/en active Pending
Cited By (32)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104754654B (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2018-04-17 | 诺基亚技术有限公司 | Method for the Admission Control of family's femtocell |
| CN104754654A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2015-07-01 | 阿尔卡特朗讯公司 | A method of call admission control for home femtocells |
| CN101778440B (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2012-11-21 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for migrating user plane from Iur-g interface towards A interface and device thereof |
| US9408255B2 (en) | 2010-01-08 | 2016-08-02 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Method for migrating user plane from Iur-g interface to A interface and corresponding apparatus |
| CN102714658B (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2016-08-03 | 瑞典爱立信有限公司 | Controlling call entity for communication network |
| CN102884836A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2013-01-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for processing network configuration, and radio network controller |
| WO2011124172A3 (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-03-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for processing network configuration, and radio network controller |
| CN102884836B (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2015-05-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for processing network configuration, and radio network controller |
| US9526013B2 (en) | 2011-05-11 | 2016-12-20 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for processing network configuration, and radio network controller |
| TWI587671B (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2017-06-11 | 內數位專利控股公司 | Method and apparatus for efficiently maintaining communications connectivity for a plurality of applications |
| CN103428848A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-12-04 | 华为终端有限公司 | Terminal register method and terminal device |
| CN103428848B (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2016-08-10 | 华为终端有限公司 | Terminal registration method and terminal unit |
| CN104010312A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-27 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Automatic obtaining and distributing method and system for Femto base station location area codes |
| CN104010312B (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2017-07-07 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | The automatic acquisition of Femto base station locations area code and distribution method and system |
| CN107113621A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2017-08-29 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of information transferring method, equipment and system |
| CN107113621B (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2020-02-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | Information transmission method, equipment and system |
| CN108432176A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2018-08-21 | J·斯托曼 | The system and method for ensuring assets and supply chain integrality |
| CN109690589A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2019-04-26 | 莫戈公司 | The traceable manufacture part of safety |
| CN109690589B (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2023-06-27 | 莫戈公司 | Safely traceable manufactured part |
| CN113783691A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2021-12-10 | 微软技术许可有限责任公司 | Hardware accelerated payload filtering in secure communications |
| US11490246B2 (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2022-11-01 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Determining whether a drone-coupled user equipment is engaged in a flying state |
| US11496884B2 (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2022-11-08 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Exchanging a message including drone-coupled capability information between a drone-coupled user equipment and a component of a terrestrial wireless communication subscriber network |
| CN110574438A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2019-12-13 | 高通股份有限公司 | Exchanging messages including in-flight status indicators between user equipment coupled with a drone and components of a terrestrial wireless communications user network |
| US11438760B2 (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2022-09-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Exchanging a message including an in-flight status indicator between a drone-coupled user equipment and a component of a terrestrial wireless communication subscriber network |
| CN110832825A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2020-02-21 | 维萨国际服务协会 | Network for increasing verification speed by preventing data from being tampered |
| US11626993B2 (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2023-04-11 | Visa International Service Association | Network for improved verification speed with tamper resistant data |
| CN110832825B (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2022-10-21 | 维萨国际服务协会 | Method and node for network for increasing verification speed by tamper-proof data |
| CN110915183B (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2022-03-22 | 国际商业机器公司 | Block chain authentication via hard/soft token validation |
| CN110915183A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2020-03-24 | 国际商业机器公司 | Block chain authentication via hard/soft token validation |
| WO2020168585A1 (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-27 | 中国互联网络信息中心 | Blockchain hybrid consensus based domain name information maintenance system |
| US11930113B2 (en) | 2019-02-20 | 2024-03-12 | China Internet Network Information Center | Blockchain hybrid consensus-based system for maintaining domain name information |
| CN112887154A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-01 | 广西师范大学 | Two-dimensional variable code repeat OCDMA (optical code division multiple Access) system based on block chain and data processing method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US7995994B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for preventing theft of service in a communication system | |
| US8073428B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for securing communication between an access point and a network controller | |
| US8036664B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for determining rove-out | |
| US8204502B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for user equipment registration | |
| US8150397B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for establishing transport channels for a femtocell | |
| US8041335B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for routing of emergency services for unauthorized user equipment in a home Node B system | |
| CN101543107A (en) | Method and apparatus for resource management | |
| US20080076419A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for discovery | |
| US20080076392A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for securing a wireless air interface | |
| US20080076412A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for registering an access point | |
| US8005076B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for activating transport channels in a packet switched communication system | |
| US7852817B2 (en) | Generic access to the Iu interface | |
| DK2547134T3 (en) | IMPROVED SUBSCRIPTION AUTHENTICATION FOR UNAUTHORIZED MOBILE ACCESS SIGNALS | |
| US7912004B2 (en) | Generic access to the Iu interface | |
| WO2008036961A2 (en) | Method and apparatus for resource management | |
| CN101822076A (en) | General access to the IU interface | |
| CN101278576A (en) | Private access point containing a sim card | |
| US8649767B2 (en) | Femtocell communication system, apparatus, control method, and program | |
| US9473934B2 (en) | Wireless telecommunications network, and a method of authenticating a message | |
| CN101513108A (en) | Generic access to the Iu interface | |
| Hansen | Generic Access Network Toward Fixed–Mobile Convergence |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20090923 |