CN101542384B - Spatially masked update for electronic paper displays - Google Patents
Spatially masked update for electronic paper displays Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101542384B CN101542384B CN2008800007145A CN200880000714A CN101542384B CN 101542384 B CN101542384 B CN 101542384B CN 2008800007145 A CN2008800007145 A CN 2008800007145A CN 200880000714 A CN200880000714 A CN 200880000714A CN 101542384 B CN101542384 B CN 101542384B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- image
- optical states
- display
- expectation
- bistable display
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention of this application relates to the field of electronic paper displays. A control signal for driving the bi-stable display from the current optical state to an intermediate state, then to a final optical state is determined. In some embodiments, the intermediate state for each pixel is determined in a pseudo-random manner. The pseudo-random noise values are applied to the bi-stable display to remove noise and other artifacts from the end resulting images. The determined control signal is applied to the bi-stable display to drive the bi-stable to the intermediate state, then to the final optical state.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to the e-paper display (EPDs) field.More specifically, the present invention relates to reduce visible artifacts on the bistable display.
Background technology
Recently introduced multiple technologies, but some paper attributes are provided in the display of e-update.The expectation attribute of some paper that this class display is attempted to realize comprises: the readability of flexible (flexibility), wide visual angle, low cost, light weight, low-power consumption, high resolving power, high-contrast and indoor and outdoors.Because these displays attempt to imitate the feature of paper, therefore in this application these displays are called e-paper display (EPDs) (EPD).Other title of this class display comprises: class paper (paper-like) display, zero energy (zero power) display, Electronic Paper (e-paper) and bistable display.
EPD and cathode ray tube (CRT) display or LCD (LCD) comparison shows that: usually, EPD needs much smaller power and has higher spatial resolution, but it has slower renewal rate, the grey level of lower accuracy (gray level) control, reaches the shortcoming of lower color-resolution.Current, many e-paper display (EPDs)s only are gray level (grayscale) equipment.Usually, by the interpolation of color filter, color equipment becomes available, and this tends to reduce spatial resolution and contrast.
Usually, e-paper display (EPDs) is a reflection-type, rather than transmission-type.Therefore, they can environment for use light, rather than need light source in equipment.This makes EPD to keep image under the situation of not using power supply.Because can show black or white pixel constantly, and and if only if when a kind of state changes to another kind, just need power supply, so be referred to as " bistable state " sometimes.Yet many EPD equipment all are stable at a plurality of states, and therefore support a plurality of grey levels under the situation of no power consumption.
The application low-power of EPD makes them be particularly useful for the mobile device that battery supply is of great rarity.E-book is the common application of EPD, in part because slow renewal rate is similar to the required time of page turning, is acceptable to the user therefore.EPD has and characteristic like the stationery, and this also makes e-book become common application.
Though e-paper display (EPDs) has many advantages, there are two problems: (1) renewal speed slow (be also referred to as and upgrade lag behind (latency)); And (2) are called the visuality of the previous display image of ghost image (ghosting).
First problem is: compare the time update image that most EPD Technology Needs are long relatively with traditional CRT or LCD display.Typical LCD approximately cost changes to right value for 5 milliseconds, in supports to the frame rate (attainable frame rate is subject to the ability that the display driver electronic equipment changes all pixels in the display usually) of 200 frame/seconds.On the contrary, many e-paper display (EPDs)s, E-Ink (electric ink) display for example, the time of the cost 300-1000 millisecond order of magnitude changes to black with pixel value from white.Though for the required page turning of e-book, undoubtedly be enough this update time, for the interactive application as pen tracking (pen tracking), user interface and video show, this is problematic.
A kind of EPD that is called microcapsules electrophoresis (MEP, microencapsulated electrophoretic) display moves through viscous fluid to upgrade single pixel with a hundreds of particle.When not applying electric field, viscous fluid has limited the motion of particle, gives EPD can keep image under the situation of not using power supply characteristic.When applying electric field, this fluid has also limited particle movement, and causes comparing with the display of other type, and this display upgrades very slow.
When display video or animation, ideally, in the extended period of frame of video, that is, till the reflectivity that receives next request, each pixel all should be in the reflectivity of expectation.Yet, for the request of concrete reflectivity with realize that between the time of this reflectivity, each display all presents some hysteresis.If video is with the operation of 10 frames/second, and to change the required time of pixel be 10 milliseconds, and pixel will show 90 milliseconds of correct reflectivity so, and effect is with as desired.If change 100 milliseconds of pixel costs, the time that so pixel is changed to another reflectivity just in time is time of the correct reflectivity of pixel realization previous frame.At last, if pixel changes 200 milliseconds of costs, so, except the image that promptly slowly changes under very near the environment of correct reflectivity in pixel, pixel will can not have correct reflectivity.
Second problem of some EPD is: though at refresh display with after showing new image, old image can exist.Because the faint trace of previous image remains visual, so this effect is called as " ghost image ".Because in fact the text from previous image may be readable in present image, so this ghost effect especially may be divert one's attention owing to text image makes the people.The reader who faces " ghost image " pseudomorphism has the trend naturally of attempting to decode implication, makes that the demonstration with ghost image is very difficult to read.
Figure 1A illustrates the ghost image pseudomorphism that shows according to being used to upgrade the prior art of bistable display on bistable display.Original image 102 is the big letters " X " that present with black on white background.Next desired images is the big letter of the black on the white background " O ".The right side of Figure 1A illustrates the image 106 that directly is updated to after the end value, still " X " still part is visual, in final image, be shown as faint image.Prior art systems applies voltage so that pixel is changed to expectation state from its current state, yet each pixel all is mixing of expectation state and virgin state.
Figure 1B diagram is used to reduce as top prior art with reference to the ghost image pseudomorphism of also describing shown in the figure 1A that normal running presented.Here, use does not make each pixel become the display control signal of the end value of expectation immediately.Original image 110 is the big letters " X " that present with black on white background.At first, all pixels are changed towards the white states as shown in second image 112, then, all pixels are changed towards the black state as shown in the 3rd image 114, then, all pixels is once more towards the white states as shown in the 4th image 116 change, and last, with all pixels towards their the value change that is used for next desired image as shown in result images 118.Here, next desired image is the big letter of black " O " on the white background.Because all intermediate steps, this processing has spent the much longer time than directly upgrading.Yet, can see by the output image 106 and the result images 118 that compare prior art, pixel is tended to eliminate some ghost image pseudomorphisms towards white and black state change.Residual pseudomorphism " X " among Figure 1B is lower than the pseudomorphism visuality shown in Figure 1A, but still exists.
Because regardless of original state, all pixels all tend at the identical point place saturated, so pixel is set to white or black level value helps aligned optical states.Some prior art ghost image reduction methods use ratios required bigger power in theory drive pixel to arrive black state or white states.Additional supply has been guaranteed regardless of original state, all can obtain saturated state fully.In some cases, the long-term frequent supersaturation of pixel can cause some variations of physical medium, and this may cause controllability to reduce.
The ghost image of prior art reduces one of bad reason of technology and is: the pseudomorphism in the present image is the significant part of previous image.This has problem especially when the two content of desired image and present image all is text.In this case, in the white space of present image, noticeable especially from the letter or the word of previous image.For the reader, have the propensity of attempting to read this ghost image text, and this has disturbed the understanding to present image.The ghost image minimizing technology of prior art attempts reducing these pseudomorphisms by the difference that is minimized between two pixels that hypothesis in the final image has identical value.
Therefore, very such e-paper display (EPDs) is made in expectation: when new image upgraded on display screen, it needed the short relatively time to upgrade shown image, and shows less " ghost image " pseudomorphism.
Summary of the invention
An embodiment who is used to upgrade the system of the image on the bistable display comprises: the module that is used for determining final optical states, the current optical states of estimation on bistable display and determines the intermediateness of expectation.This system also comprises: be used to produce the control module of control signal, described control signal is used for bistable display is urged to intermediateness from current optical states, is urged to final optical states then.
An embodiment who is used to upgrade the method for bistable display comprises: determine final optical states and estimate current optical states on bistable display.This method also comprises: the intermediateness of determining expectation.In certain embodiments, be each pixel selection intermediate value in pseudorandom mode.Bistable display is used this intermediate value to eliminate noise and other pseudomorphism from final resulting image.Also be identified for control signal that bistable display is driven towards final optical states then from current optical states towards intermediateness.Bistable display is used determined control signal so that bistable display is driven towards final optical states then towards intermediateness.Final image is presented on the bistable display.
The feature and advantage of describing in this instructions are not to comprise entirely, particularly, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, consider accompanying drawing, instructions and claims, and many other feature and advantage all are conspicuous.In addition, it should be noted that the language that uses in the instructions is mainly selected with instructing purpose for readable, rather than selects in order to describe or to limit disclosed theme.
Description of drawings
Disclosed embodiment has other advantage and feature, and (or figure) will be more apparent according to detailed description, appended claims and accompanying drawing.
Figure 1A illustrates the diagrammatic representation of the successive frame of the ghost image pseudomorphism that is produced by the prior art that is used to upgrade bistable display on bistable display.
Figure 1B diagram is by the diagrammatic representation of the successive frame that prior art generated that is used to reduce the ghost image pseudomorphism.
Fig. 2 diagram is according to the model of the exemplary electronic paper displays of some embodiment.
Fig. 3 diagram is according to the high level flow chart of method that is used to upgrade bistable display of some embodiment.
Fig. 4 diagram is according to the block diagram of the e-paper display (EPDs) system of some embodiment.
Fig. 5 diagram is according to the block diagram of the change of e-paper display (EPDs) system some embodiment, that have additional control.
Fig. 6 A diagram according to some embodiment, the diagrammatic representation of the successive frame of pseudo random noise acoustic image in the middle of the reproducting periods of bistable display is used.
Fig. 6 B diagram according to some embodiment, use the diagrammatic representation of Business Name at the reproducting periods of bistable display as the successive frame of intermediate image.
Fig. 7 diagram is according to the method that is used to handle the intermediate pixel state of some other embodiment.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing (figure) and following description only relate to preferred embodiment in the mode of signal.It should be noted,, under the situation of the principle that does not break away from claim, the alternate embodiments of structure disclosed herein and method easily can be thought the feasible alternative scheme that can adopt according to following discussion.
As used herein such, mean that for quoting of " embodiment ", " embodiment " or " some embodiment " concrete key element, characteristic, structure or the feature described in conjunction with the embodiments comprise at least one embodiment.The appearance of the wording in this instructions in the diverse location " in one embodiment " must all not refer to identical embodiment.
Some embodiment can use wording " coupling " and " connection " with and derivatives and being described.It should be understood that these terms do not mean synonym each other.For example, can use term " connection " to describe some embodiment, to represent two or more key elements direct physical or electric contact each other.In another example, can use term " coupling " to describe some embodiment, to represent two or more key element direct physical or electric contact.Yet term " coupling " can mean that also two or more key elements are not in direct contact with one another, but still is fitted to each other or alternately.Embodiment is not limited in this context.
As used herein like that, term " comprises ", " including ", " comprising ", " including ", " having ", " having " or its any other distortion are intended to cover non-exclusive comprising.For example, comprise that processing, method, article or the device of key element tabulation is inevitable only be confined to those key elements, but can comprise clearly do not list maybe should processing, method, object or device intrinsic other key element.Further, unless opposite clearly statement is arranged, otherwise " or " refer to compatible or, rather than refer to exclusive or.For example, any one satisfy condition A or B:A below are very (or existence) for false (or not existing) and B for true (or existence) and A and B for false (or not existing), A for true (or existence) and B.
The use of " one " in addition, herein is used to describe key element and the assembly of embodiment.So do and only be for convenience and provide general meaning of the present invention.Unless it obviously refers else, otherwise this description should be interpreted as and comprise one or at least one, and odd number also comprises a plurality of.
To carry out detailed reference to several embodiment now, illustrate the example of described embodiment in the accompanying drawing.Notice that, actual similar or similar Reference numeral can be used in the accompanying drawing anywhere, and can indicate similar or similar functional.Accompanying drawing has only been described the embodiment of disclosed system (or method) for illustrated purpose.Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that according to following description, under the situation that does not break away from principle described herein, can adopt the alternate embodiment of illustrated structure and method herein.
Fig. 2 diagram is according to the model 200 of the exemplary electronic paper displays of some embodiment.Model 200 illustrates three parts of e-paper display (EPDs): reflected image 202, physical medium 220 and control signal 230.For the final user, most important parts is a reflected image 202, and it is the amount at the light of each pixel place reflection of display.High reflectance causes as the white pixel shown in left side 204A goes up, and antiradar reflectivity causes as the black picture element shown in the right 204C goes up.Some e-paper display (EPDs)s can be kept the intermediate value of the reflectivity that causes gray pixels, as shown in middle 204B.
E-paper display (EPDs) has some physical mediums of the state of can keeping.In the physical medium 220 of electrophoretic display device (EPD), this state is the particle in the fluid or the position of population 206, the position of the white particles in for example dark fluid.In other embodiment that uses other types of display, this state can be determined by the relative position of two kinds of fluids or by the rotation of particle or by the orientation of some structures.In Fig. 2, this state is represented by the position of particle 206.If particle 206 near the 222 white states of the top of physical medium 220, reflectivity height so, and pixel is perceived as white.If particle 206 is near the 224 black states of the bottom of physical medium 220, reflectivity is low so, and pixel is perceived as black.
With definite device independent,, need under without any the situation of power supply, can keep this state for zero-power.Therefore, must control signal 230 as shown in Figure 2 regard the signal that applies in order to make physical medium arrive at indicated position as.Therefore, apply control signal 232 with positive voltage with physical medium towards the top 222 white state-driven, and apply control signal 234 with negative voltage with physical medium towards the bottom 224 black state-driven.
When applying voltage, the reflectivity change of the pixel among the EPD.The reflectance varies amount of pixel can be depending on its voltage that applies and time span, and no-voltage keeps the reflectivity of pixel constant.
The method general introduction
Fig. 3 diagram is according to the high-level flowchart of method 300 that is used to upgrade bistable display of some embodiment.At first, 302, determine the final optical states of expecting.In certain embodiments, the optical states of expectation is the image that the application from the expectation pixel value of each position of comprising display receives.In another embodiment, the optical states of expectation is the renewal to some zones of display.Next, 304, determine the estimation of current optical states.In certain embodiments, suppose that simply current optical states is the optical states of previous expectation.In other embodiments, determine current optical states, or estimate current optical states according to preceding control signal and some physical models of display according to sensor.Next, 306, determine the intermediateness of expecting.Exist multiple diverse ways can be used for determining the intermediateness of expectation.In certain embodiments, be each pixel selection intermediateness in pseudorandom mode.In certain embodiments, for some pixels of the final optical states with identical current optical states and expectation, middle optical states is different.In some other embodiment, the pseudomorphism in the final image of the optical states perception in the middle of selecting to minimize.In certain embodiments, select middle reference optical state to cause concrete sub-image (latent image).In case known the intermediateness of estimated current state, expectation and the final optical states of expectation, then can 308 determined and 310 apply appropriate control signals.310 pairs of bistable displays apply determined control signal so that the optical states of display towards the centre driven, and drive towards final optical states then.Final optical states is presented at bistable display.Visible artifacts and ghost image on the display are reduced, and owing to only a kind of intermediateness is arranged, therefore, than some prior aries, for example, display is flashed to all black, whole white, all black then, display has been updated to the needed time of end-state still less from current state.
Fig. 4 diagram is according to the block diagram of operation of system 400 that is used to upgrade bistable display of some embodiment.The data 402 that are associated with desired image provide to system 400.
For the traditional monitor as CRT or LCD, can use input picture to select voltage, and apply identical voltage continuously, till new input picture is provided at each pixel place with driving display.Yet under situation about showing with state, correct voltage to be applied depends on current state.For example, if previous image is identical with desired image, do not need to apply voltage so.Yet,, need apply voltage based on the state of present image, the time quantum that is used to realize the expectation state of desired image and arrive expectation state so if previous image is different with desired image.For example, if previous image be black and desired image be white, can apply positive voltage so that realize white image in certain time span so, if and previous image be white and desired image be black, can apply negative voltage so so that realize the black image of expectation.Therefore, the display controller among Fig. 4 410 uses the information in current desired image impact damper 404 and the previous frame buffer 406 to select waveform 408 to change pixel into expectation state from current state.
In certain embodiments, by the waveform that is used for forwarding to from original state intermediateness is connected to the waveform that is used for forwarding to from middle state end-state, can access the required waveform that is used to realize various states.Because have a plurality of waveforms for each transformation now, it is useful therefore having the hardware that can store more waveforms.In certain embodiments, can store 256 waveforms of hardware needs of any one any other the waveform in 16 grey levels that is used for 16 ranks.If image is limited to 4 ranks, only need 16 waveforms under other situation of intergrade not using so, can have 16 different wave of storing thus for each transformation.
According to some embodiment, may need to finish for a long time renewal.Some waveforms that are used to reduce the ghost image problem are very long, even short waveform also may need 300ms to come refresh display.Because need to follow the tracks of the optical states of pixel to understand how it is changed into next desired image, so some controllers do not allow desired image to change at reproducting periods.Therefore, just attempting in response to such as changing demonstration from the artificial input of the input of pen, mouse or other input equipment if use, so Once you begin first display update then can not begin next renewal in 300ms.To can't see the new input that receives immediately after the beginning display update in 300ms, this is for many interactive application, as drawing or even roll display, be intolerable.
For most of current hardware, have no idea from image reflection rate 414 and directly read current reflectance value; Therefore, can use the empirical data of physical medium 412 of display characteristic of image reflection rate 414 or model and the knowledge of the previous voltage that applied is estimated its value.In other words, to handle be open-loop control system in the renewal that is used for image reflection rate 414.
The control signal that display controller 410 is produced is determined next show state with the current state that is stored in the display in the previous frame buffer 406.Control signal is put on physical medium 412 so that particle is varied to its appropriate state to realize desired image.Apply the control signal that display controller 410 is generated with suitable voltage and definite time quantum, so that physical medium 412 is urged to expectation state.Display controller 410 is determined the pseudo noise values, and those control signal value that will be used to change physical medium 412 are applied to random value to produce intermediateness.This intermediateness correspondingly is presented on the image reflection rate 414, and this intermediateness to be that human viewer is passed through physical display 416 visual.
In certain embodiments, the residing environment of display, how particularly illumination, and human viewer checks albedo image 414 by physical medium 416, determines final image 418.Usually, display is intended to be used for human user, and the human visual system cuts much ice to the picture quality of perception.Therefore, as only being that some pseudomorphisms of very little difference can be worse than more being not easy to some bigger variations that the people perceives in the albedo image between expectation reflectivity and the actual reflectance.Some embodiment are designed to produce with required albedo image image than big-difference, but by the image of better perception.Half-tone picture similarly is such example.
Fig. 5 diagram is according to the block diagram of the change of the electronic paper display system 400 with additional control of some embodiment.The all component that Fig. 5 comprises Fig. 4 adds system handles controller 504 and some optical imagery impact dampers 502.In certain embodiments, the waveform that uses in the ultimate system by system handles controller 504 change Fig. 4.In certain embodiments, owing to known how physical medium 412, image reflection rate 414 and human viewer watch this system, therefore provide to the desired image of the remainder of system 500 by optical imagery impact damper 502 and 504 changes of system handles controller.Many embodiment described herein can be integrated into display controller 410, yet in the present embodiment, they are described as be in outside Fig. 4 and work discretely.System handles controller 504 and optical imagery impact damper 502 are followed the tracks of the future image of previous image, expectation, and are provided at the infeasible additional control of possibility in the current hardware.In current application, impact damper can be used for keeping the intermediate image expected and the final image of expectation, and primal system is operated to experience concrete intermediateness.For example, be that system 500 can keep those images the application of " O " image in impact damper 502 showing, and generate the pseudorandom image of giving old system 400 to be supplied from " X " image modification.Then, in case finish this image, then system handles controller 504 can change waveform, and the final image of expectation is offered old system.In certain embodiments, this system comprises single optical imagery impact damper.In other embodiments, this system comprises a plurality of optical imagery impact dampers as shown in Figure 5.
Pseudomorphism reduces the example of technology
In certain embodiments, as the means that are used to eliminate bad pseudomorphism,, it is adjusted to different intermediate values pixel being changed to the final image.Technically, this method has produced the ghost image pseudomorphism that comes from different images.According to some embodiment, select suitable intermediate image, to compare with previous image, the bad degree of ghost image pseudomorphism is much lower.This can be by pixel drive to intermediate value is realized, so that select to be used for the intermediate value of pixel in pseudorandom mode.Though the sign of this intermediate image may be presented in the final image, because it is with pixel equalization approaching on the space, so the human visual system has than low sensitivity.
This can find out by the image of prior art among Figure 1A is compared with the image that the present invention is produced.According to prior art, display comprises letter " X " at first, and next image of expectation is a letter " O ".Under " directly upgrade " operation, not that the black picture element among " X " of black is adjusted to white in " O " image, and be not that black picture element in " O " image of black is adjusted to black in " X " image.Yet because the black picture element in " X " image does not begin with the state identical with white background, therefore, they are still similar each other, and different slightly with background in the final image.
As shown in Fig. 6 A, original image 602 is the big letters of black " X " that present on white background.At first by between the black and white of each pixel, selecting pseudorandom values that pixel is sent to intermediateness 604 equably, rather than pixel directly is adjusted to " O " from " X ".Notice, in image 604,, therefore used pattern image (patterned image) owing to do not reproduce the pseudorandom image well, rather than the pseudorandom image.These are in external 604, and potential " X " image is not visible, and on the display of reality, previous image may be visual slightly.In Fig. 6 A, because relevant from there being certain between all pixels of identical value, therefore " X " image remains visual slightly at intermediateness 604 places.Yet when this image being adjusted into finally " O " image 606, all pixels in the background all come from different starting condition, therefore, almost do not have correlativity.Scrutiny to final " O " image 606 on the EPD has disclosed the pseudo noise pattern in the background in this case, and still, at a distance of typical viewing distance, eyes are worth equalization to these, and pseudomorphism is not remarkable.
Depend on available hardware and software, can finish this renewal in every way middle noise image.Allow the developer to select any system of image all can use this technology, reduce visual ghost image by between desired image, scattering the pseudo random noise acoustic image.With directly more new solution compare, the utilization to middle image under need not the situation of system 400 change has reduced possible frame rate with the factor 2.
In other hardware and software environment, can intermediate image and control signal is combined.In this case, will send different control signals to two that just are updated to white pixel nominal (nominally) black picture elements.For example, can directly be sent to white, be sent to white then and another is sent to intermediate value with one.
The selection of pseudorandom image also can be according to the target of using or showing difference.Can use the pseudorandom image of frequency with special selection.Particularly, preferably select to make the human visual system for this frequency insensitive " noise image ".For example, low frequency should not appear.Intermediate image as employed covering (mask) in the shadow tone of some forms may be useful, for example, and " blue noise covers ".
In certain embodiments, the pseudorandom image in the middle of selecting based on the content of the image of the image of previous demonstration and desired display.For example, can filter the pseudo random noise acoustic image by previous edge of image.Therefore, because pseudo noise, thereby the normal pseudomorphism that occurs will be lower visuality, and do not show that therefore the constant color area of ghost image will have been reduced the visuality of the pseudo noise in the constant zone by the intermediate image of change to constant color.
In certain embodiments, as shown in Fig. 6 B, used the intermediate image 612 with some content viewables, this has considered the clearly selection of " ghost image " image.In Fig. 6 B, original image 610 is the big letters of black " X " that present on white background.In the present embodiment, consider advertisement, use Business Name 618 as intermediate image 612.In other embodiments, can select graph image as intermediate image 612.
As shown in Fig. 6 B, use " Ricoh (Ricoh) Ricoh Ricoh " as intermediate image 612.Alternately, can with the information stores of some types in ghost image, for example, make it possible to identify the information of concrete display device.This can carry out in visual mode, for example, and by comprising the numbering of textual form, or the mode to hide, as the watermark of some types.In this case, may need type scanner, and carry out some and calculate to recover this information.For example, as seeing among Fig. 6 B, use Business Name 618 as intermediate image 612.Owing on display, produced intermediate image 612, so the visible artifacts 616 of original image 610 exists.The watermark of Business Name 618 is visual in final image 614, but visible artifacts 616 is no longer visual in final image 614.
Fig. 7 diagram when having the display controller 410 that generates suitable pseudo noise value, does not need to store intermediate image according to the method that is used to select the intermediate pixel state of some other embodiment.Replace loading intermediate image, this controller can generate desired value at random for each pixel, and use is urged to this waveform of desired value at random with pixel from its current state.This intermediate image will appear on the display device, and be stored in the previous frame buffer.The image that generates from pseudorandom changes the required waveform of final desired image into and will be used to make display to reach final desired images state.
In alternate embodiments, be used to realize that another means that pixel are adjusted to different intermediate values are to use different waveforms.Consider such situation: three pixels are current to be black, and desired image has and is dimmed whole three pixels.Can handle 702 according to first for one in these pixels and at first become white, become lead then.Second pixel can be handled 704 according to second and at first become light gray, becomes lead then.Last pixel can be handled 706 according to the 3rd and directly become lead.Image 708-712 illustrates the waveform that each pixel is changed needed control signal towards expectation state.The pixel that waveform 708 is used for 702 varies to white again to lead from black.The pixel that waveform 710 is used for 704 varies to light gray again to lead from black.The pixel that waveform 712 is used for 706 varies to lead from black.System can store the corresponding waveform of different control signals with these (and being used for the similar control signal that other pixel changes).Given present image and desired image, controller can be for having the different waveform of pixel selection of identical original state and expectation end-state.
When reading the disclosure, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art:, still have other alternative structure and function design for system that upgrades bistable display and processing by principle disclosed herein.Therefore,, should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are not limited to disclosed precision architecture and assembly herein though illustrated and described specific embodiment and application.Under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope that limit in the appended claims, carry out conspicuous for those skilled in the art various modifications, variation and distortion herein in the configuration of the methods and apparatus disclosed, operation and the details.
The U.S. priority application No.60/944 that the application submitted to based on June 15th, 2007, the U.S. priority application No.12/059 that on March 31st, 415 and 2008 submitted to, 085, its full content is incorporated herein by reference.
Claims (9)
1. method that is used to upgrade the image on the bistable display with a plurality of pixels comprises:
Determine the final optical states of expectation of bistable display;
Determine the current optical states of bistable display;
Determine the expectation intermediateness of bistable display;
Be identified for bistable display from current optical states towards the expectation intermediateness, the control signal that drives towards final optical states then; And
Use determined control signal with bistable display from current optical states towards the expectation intermediateness, drive towards final optical states then.
2. the method for claim 1 also comprises:
Show the final optical states on the bistable display.
3. determine the method for claim 1, wherein that the expectation intermediateness also comprises:
Determine the intermediateness of each pixel in a plurality of pixels in pseudorandom mode.
4. the method for claim 1 also comprises:
At at least some pixels in a plurality of pixels with identical current optical states and identical final optical states, determine different intermediatenesses.
5. the method for claim 1 also comprises:
At two pixels in a plurality of pixels with identical current optical states and identical final optical states, determine different intermediatenesses.
6. the method for claim 1, wherein select the pseudomorphism in the final image of intermediate optical state perception to minimize.
7. the method for claim 1, wherein select intermediate optical state to cause concrete sub-image.
8. system that is used to upgrade the image on the bistable display comprises:
The device that is used for the final optical states of expectation of definite bistable display;
The device that is used for the current optical states of definite bistable display;
The device that is used for the expectation intermediateness of definite bistable display;
Be used for determining the device of control signal, described control signal is used for bistable display from current optical states towards the expectation intermediateness, then towards final optical states driving; And
Be used to use determined control signal with bistable display from current optical states towards the expectation intermediateness, then towards final optical states device driven.
9. device that is used to upgrade the image on the bistable display comprises:
The bistable display that is used for the display optical state; And
The module that is used for the final optical states of expectation of definite bistable display;
The module that is used for the current optical states of definite bistable display;
The module that is used for the expectation intermediateness of definite bistable display;
Be used for determining the module of control signal, described control signal is used for bistable display from current optical states towards the expectation intermediateness, then towards final optical states driving; And
Controller, be used to use determined control signal with bistable display from current optical states towards the expectation intermediateness, drive towards final optical states then.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US94441507P | 2007-06-15 | 2007-06-15 | |
| US60/944,415 | 2007-06-15 | ||
| US12/059,085 | 2008-03-31 | ||
| US12/059,085 US8319766B2 (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-03-31 | Spatially masked update for electronic paper displays |
| PCT/JP2008/061277 WO2008153215A1 (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-13 | Spatially masked update for electronic paper displays |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101542384A CN101542384A (en) | 2009-09-23 |
| CN101542384B true CN101542384B (en) | 2011-01-12 |
Family
ID=41124153
Family Applications (5)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008800005455A Expired - Fee Related CN101558371B (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-13 | Pen tracking and low latency display updates on electronic paper displays |
| CN2008800005563A Expired - Fee Related CN101542381B (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-13 | Video playback on electronic paper displays |
| CN200880000560XA Expired - Fee Related CN101542382B (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-13 | Independent pixel waveforms for updating electronic paper displays |
| CN2008800007145A Expired - Fee Related CN101542384B (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-13 | Spatially masked update for electronic paper displays |
| CN2008800007253A Expired - Fee Related CN101542385B (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-13 | Full framebuffer for electronic paper displays |
Family Applications Before (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008800005455A Expired - Fee Related CN101558371B (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-13 | Pen tracking and low latency display updates on electronic paper displays |
| CN2008800005563A Expired - Fee Related CN101542381B (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-13 | Video playback on electronic paper displays |
| CN200880000560XA Expired - Fee Related CN101542382B (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-13 | Independent pixel waveforms for updating electronic paper displays |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008800007253A Expired - Fee Related CN101542385B (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-06-13 | Full framebuffer for electronic paper displays |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (5) | CN101558371B (en) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102044205B (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2012-11-28 | 晶宏半导体股份有限公司 | Electronic paper apparatus display method |
| CN102087833A (en) * | 2009-12-08 | 2011-06-08 | 盛大计算机（上海）有限公司 | Method for refreshing e-book reader |
| JP5640451B2 (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2014-12-17 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Display device control method, display device, and display device control device |
| US9171507B2 (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2015-10-27 | Marvell World Trade Ltd. | Controller for updating pixels in an electronic paper display |
| JP5786292B2 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2015-09-30 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Control device, display device, and control method of display device |
| CN101996565A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-03-30 | 华映视讯（吴江）有限公司 | Display driving system and method |
| US8723889B2 (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2014-05-13 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | Method and apparatus for processing temporal and spatial overlapping updates for an electronic display |
| CN103562824A (en) * | 2011-02-08 | 2014-02-05 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Reducing output latency in an electrophoretic display controller |
| CN103426407A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2013-12-04 | 北京凡达讯科技有限公司 | Multi-gray scale dynamic display refreshing accelerating method and apparatus for driving electronic paper display screen |
| CN102855847B (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2014-09-24 | 无锡威峰科技有限公司 | Waveform debugging method applied to EPD (electrophoretic display) screen |
| CN103778891A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2014-05-07 | 苏州宝翼信息科技有限公司 | Page-turning method for electronic book |
| CN104769523B (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2018-07-13 | 惠普发展公司，有限责任合伙企业 | Interactive display |
| CN106782353B (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2020-01-10 | 伊英克公司 | Method for driving electro-optic display |
| EP4156164A1 (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2023-03-29 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving electro-optic displays |
| EP3289561A4 (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2018-11-21 | E Ink Corporation | Methods and apparatuses for driving display systems |
| CN105677272A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-06-15 | 智慧方舟科技有限公司 | E-Ink screen terminal, and doodle implementation method and apparatus thereof |
| CN108008963B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2020-07-24 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Application processing method and system adaptive to EINK equipment |
| JP2019148671A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-09-05 | プログレス・テクノロジーズ株式会社 | Electronic display device and electronic display method |
| CN115359760B (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2023-06-27 | 广州文石信息科技有限公司 | Ink screen display control method and device based on waveform sequence |
| CN116543711B (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-11-03 | 广州文石信息科技有限公司 | Clear screen display method, device and equipment of ink screen and storage medium |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1589462A (en) * | 2001-11-20 | 2005-03-02 | 伊英克公司 | Methods for driving bistable electro-optic displays |
| CN1922649A (en) * | 2004-02-24 | 2007-02-28 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Electrophoretic display device |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1634265A1 (en) * | 2003-06-02 | 2006-03-15 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Electrophoretic display panel |
| US20060119567A1 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2006-06-08 | Guofu Zhou | Electrophoretic display unit |
| WO2005088603A2 (en) * | 2004-03-01 | 2005-09-22 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Transition between grayscale and monochrome addressing of an electrophoretic display |
| JP2007531000A (en) * | 2004-03-22 | 2007-11-01 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | "Rail stabilization" (reference state) drive method with image memory for electrophoretic display |
| TW200625223A (en) * | 2004-04-13 | 2006-07-16 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Electrophoretic display with rapid drawing mode waveform |
-
2008
- 2008-06-13 CN CN2008800005455A patent/CN101558371B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-06-13 CN CN2008800005563A patent/CN101542381B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-06-13 CN CN200880000560XA patent/CN101542382B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-06-13 CN CN2008800007145A patent/CN101542384B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-06-13 CN CN2008800007253A patent/CN101542385B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1589462A (en) * | 2001-11-20 | 2005-03-02 | 伊英克公司 | Methods for driving bistable electro-optic displays |
| CN1922649A (en) * | 2004-02-24 | 2007-02-28 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Electrophoretic display device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101558371A (en) | 2009-10-14 |
| CN101542385B (en) | 2012-07-18 |
| CN101542381A (en) | 2009-09-23 |
| CN101542382A (en) | 2009-09-23 |
| CN101558371B (en) | 2012-10-10 |
| CN101542384A (en) | 2009-09-23 |
| CN101542381B (en) | 2012-02-29 |
| CN101542382B (en) | 2012-05-30 |
| CN101542385A (en) | 2009-09-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101542384B (en) | Spatially masked update for electronic paper displays | |
| EP2054761B1 (en) | Spatially masked update for electronic paper displays | |
| US8355018B2 (en) | Independent pixel waveforms for updating electronic paper displays | |
| JP4958970B2 (en) | Complete frame buffer for electronic paper displays | |
| JP2022020790A (en) | Methods for driving electro-optic displays | |
| CN101887695B (en) | Electrophoretic display with rapid drawing mode waveform | |
| JP5382528B2 (en) | Image display control device, image display device, image display control method, and image display control program | |
| KR101214877B1 (en) | Methods for driving electro-optic displays | |
| US8913000B2 (en) | Video playback on electronic paper displays | |
| EP1774504A1 (en) | Improved scrolling function in an electrophoretic display device | |
| WO2008124274A1 (en) | Driver circuits for electro-optic displays | |
| CN103348404B (en) | The continuous drive of display | |
| TWI715933B (en) | Method for updating an image on a display having a plurality of pixels | |
| US20080309648A1 (en) | Video Playback on Electronic Paper Displays | |
| CN101542574B (en) | Display device using movement of particles |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20110112 Termination date: 20150613 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |