CN101538865A - Integral type foundation of tension leg platform provided with compression resistant water storage cabins and penetration method thereof - Google Patents
Integral type foundation of tension leg platform provided with compression resistant water storage cabins and penetration method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101538865A CN101538865A CN200910068484A CN200910068484A CN101538865A CN 101538865 A CN101538865 A CN 101538865A CN 200910068484 A CN200910068484 A CN 200910068484A CN 200910068484 A CN200910068484 A CN 200910068484A CN 101538865 A CN101538865 A CN 101538865A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
- E02B2017/0073—Details of sea bottom engaging footing
- E02B2017/0078—Suction piles, suction cans
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Abstract
The invention belongs to ocean engineering structure foundation of the ocean engineering field, and relates to an integral type foundation of a tension leg platform provided with compression resistant water storage cabins. The integral type foundation comprises four similar compression resistant water storage cabins, four similar barrel-shaped bases and girder grillage connecting elements; wherein, the four water storage cabins are arranged in a rectangle, a main body of each water storage cabin is a column, and the water storage cabins are connected with each other by the girder grillage connecting elements arranged on the side length of the rectangle; the lower part of each compression resistant water storage cabin is fixed with a barrel-shaped base which has an axle center being the same as that of the corresponding water storage cabin and is communicated with the barrel-shaped base by a first electronic valve, the upper end of the wall of the barrel-shaped base is provided with a one-way hull valve, and the compression resistant water storage cabins are also provided with second electronic valves connected with an exhaust duct. The invention also provides a penetration method adopting the foundation. The barrel-shaped bases can be sunk into the bottom of the sea within 24h, so that the offshore construction time is greatly shortened, and the invention is easy to control.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ocean engineering structure basis, ocean engineering field, relate to a kind of basis that is applicable to tension leg platform (TLP).
Background technology
The present petroleum resources exploitation of China mainly is in 200 meters marine sites below the depth of water, the research of deep-sea platform technology still is in the starting stage, under the situation that faces the deep-sea resources keen competition of the mankind being owned together countries in the world, must pay much attention to research to the deep-sea platform technology.Tension leg platform (TLP) has obtained paying attention to widely and developing as deep-sea ideal platform pattern, has become the main force of deep-sea exploitation.
The anchor foundation of tension leg platform (TLP) is divided into pile foundation and two kinds of forms of negative pressure barrel base at present, and by these two kinds of base forms are compared research as can be seen: pile foundation compares consumptive material, long construction period in abyssal environment; And the negative-pressure foundation cost is lower, and short construction period is specially adapted to the deep-sea soft foundation, and owing to geological conditions in the deep-sea is generally relatively poor, so barrel base is a kind of base form that is fit to tension leg platform (TLP) more.
Suction anchor has successfully been installed first as 2 mooring anchors that prolong the mooring of test oil wheel by China 1994 in CFD-6-1 oil field, the Bohai Sea; Success on October 25th, 1999 is at triumph field of razor clam North Sea district CB20B well location, and with domestic first Bucket Foundation Platform installation in position, this Bucket Foundation Platform that indicates China enters the practical stage.The use depth of water of domestic bucket base is no more than 50m, and is mainly used in jacket platform, never is applied to deep water, also never is applied to tension leg platform (TLP) but till now.In the world wide, the Snorre oil field in the North Sea is used the anchoring of large-sized concrete negative pressure in June, 1991 and is decided tension leg platform (TLP), this is that barrel base is applied to deep water drilling and producing platform basis for the first time, but its major issue that faces is exactly that operating depth is not enough, operating depth only is 330m～350m up to now, is not used for the km depth of water as yet.Causing the negative pressure of the reason of this problem and its dependence pump suction to form mechanism and single barrel sinks the construction mode in place of passing through one by one much relations is arranged.At first, when relying on pump suction bucket maritime interior waters, in the seabed of last km, the pump housing can't bear huge pressure, can't sink to desired depth, can not implement suction, so the basic inside of bucket can't produce subnormal ambient, causes barrel base not sink and passes through the seabed.Even the pump housing is put into withstand voltage casing, but withstand voltage casing is invented, arrange that with pump housing assembling and internal pipeline ten minutes bothers, and has certain difficulty.Secondly, in the seabed of last km, single barrel of heavy passing through is difficult to guarantee heavy accuracy of passing through the position, and the heavy relative position that passes through between barrel base of back be can not determine, thereby is difficult to guarantee that anchor cable is parallel; And the state when the bucket base arrives the seabed is difficult to control, may need the very long offshore construction time.
Nowadays, the seafloor foundation of the tension leg platform (TLP) overwhelming majority adopts pile foundations, and the pile foundation system that Mars TLP, Powell TLP that builds in the Gulf of Mexico as Shell company and Brutus TLP platform all adopt 12 more than 100 meter is solid.The seabed is squeezed on every pile basis approximately needs 2 time-of-weeks, and the seabed is squeezed on all piles basis needs the very long offshore construction time,
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, a kind of tension leg platform (TLP) seafloor foundation that is applicable to the km depth of water is provided, barrel base of the present invention can sink the injection seabed in 24 hours, shortened the offshore construction time greatly, and was easy to control.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The integral type foundation in the subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin of a kind of tension leg platform (TLP), comprise 4 identical resistance to compression water storage cabins, 4 identical barrel bases and truss connecting elements, described four water storage cabins become rectangular arrangement, the main body in each water storage cabin is a column, be connected by the truss connecting elements that is arranged on the described rectangle length of side between the water storage cabin, the bottom in each resistance to compression water storage cabin is fixed with one and corresponding water storage cabin concentric, and the barrel base that is connected by the first electronics valve, bucket wall upper end at barrel base is provided with unidirectional maritime valve, and described resistance to compression water storage cabin also is provided with the second electronics valve that joins with extract duct.
As preferred implementation, integral type foundation of the present invention, described resistance to compression water storage cabin from vertical, radially, hoop is separated into a plurality of cabins, plate-beam composite structure is adopted in each cabin, the girder of each bulkhead and secondary beam have surrounded open floor again respectively; Described barrel base is made up of a bucket wall and bucket top two parts, and a bucket wall is divided into epimere, hypomere, in establish polylith vertical strengthening ribs plate, bucket pushes up divides into the polylith deep floor; Described truss connecting elements adopts " X " shape trussed construction, and each member is steel pipe.
The present invention provides a kind of sinking penetrating method of above-mentioned integral type foundation simultaneously, comprises the following steps:
(1) makes electronics valve closes between resistance to compression water storage cabin and the barrel base, the unidirectional kingston valve that is arranged on the barrel base is opened, the barrel base lower edge is embedded in the soil, form the closed state of inner bucket water body, realize initial injection;
(2) close unidirectional kingston valve, open the electronics valve between resistance to compression water storage cabin and the barrel base,, make the water yield that flows into resistance to compression water storage cabin in the same time surpass the water yield of infiltrating from the bottom by adjusting the opening degree of this valve, form negative pressure, make barrel base constantly be pressed in the soil;
(3) according to resistance to compression water storage cabin internal gas pressure, open the second electronics valve that joins with extract duct, air is discharged, whole heavy passing through in the process all will be read the cabin internal gas pressure at any time, by adjusting the switching degree of valve 1 and valve 2, adjust negative pressure in the bucket again, realize the progressively injection of barrel base;
(4) after barrel base injection desired depth, close two electronics valves.
The present invention is on the basis that the negative pressure barrel base is furtherd investigate, propose a kind of novel, be applicable to the integral type foundation invention scheme in the subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin of tension leg platform (TLP) of the km depth of water, and, foundation structure carried out detailed invention at deep-sea high pressure characteristics.The present invention has following substantial characteristics and technique effect:
1. the integral type foundation in subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin is made up of three parts, is respectively resistance to compression water storage cabin, barrel base and truss connecting elements.Its substantive distinguishing features is: (1) adopts the method for resistance to compression water storage cabin water storage, thoroughly change traditional mode, utilize the deep-sea high pressure, the bucket maritime interior waters is pressed in the water storage cabin with pump suction formation negative pressure, make barrel internal pressure less than ambient pressure, produce negative pressure and then the bucket base is pressed into the seabed; (2) adopt the truss connecting elements that the bucket base is linked to be integral body, four barrels of heavy simultaneously passing through are shortened the offshore construction time greatly, increase work efficiency.
2. the present invention at deep-sea high pressure characteristics, has invented the overall structure types of the integral type foundation in subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin with reference to the South China Sea Environment condition, has determined the overall yardstick of foundation structure; Binding ability is calculated then, determines basic each several part yardstick, and basic each several part is carried out detailed arrangement.Wherein,, it there is very high resistance to compression requirement, so the mode that adopts subdivision and plate-girder to make up combination during invention is carried out the inside reinforcement because that resistance to compression water storage cabin is initially heavy is anhydrous in the cabin when passing through, and bears the deep-sea high pressure.
3. adopt ANSYS that each ingredient of integral type foundation that attaches resistance to compression water storage cabin is had the limit meta-model respectively and carry out static analysis, and carry out intensity according to the CCS standard and check with stability, check result shows that each ingredient of integral type foundation and the internals thereof in subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin all satisfy intensity and stability requirement, this illustrates that also it is that reasonably requirement of withstand voltage is satisfied in resistance to compression water storage cabin that the mode that adopts subdivision and plate-girder combination combination is carried out the inside reinforcement to resistance to compression water storage cabin.
4. according to South Sea clay and sand ambient conditions, integral type foundation to subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin has carried out Performance Calculation respectively, comprise that penetration resistance calculates, uplift resistance calculates and bearing capacity of foundation soil calculates, result of calculation shows that the integral type foundation in this subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin satisfies the Performance Calculation requirement, illustrates that it all has favorable applicability in clay and sand environment.
5. the integral type foundation in subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin changes the mode that traditional pump suction forms negative pressure, increased the suitable depth of water when negative-pressure foundation is used for tension leg platform (TLP) greatly, and four barrels of heavy simultaneously passing through, both greatly shortened the offshore construction time, significantly reduce construction cost and operational risk, the tension leg keeping parallelism be can guarantee again, in the past pile foundation and negative-pressure foundation compared, with the obvious advantage; And, verified its feasibility under the hyperbaric environment of deep-sea by structure and Performance Calculation, be a kind of novel available tension leg platform (TLP) base form.
In a word, the integral type foundation in the subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin that the present invention proposes is applicable to the km depth of water, can break the normal procedure fully, looks for another way, and considers not adopt the negative pressure of pump to form mechanism, promptly replaces pump with resistance to compression water storage cabin.During heavy passing through, utilize the deep-sea high pressure, inner bucket water is entered in the resistance to compression water storage cabin,, barrel internal pressure is reduced,, form negative pressure less than external pressure as long as the water yield that the same time enters in the cabin surpasses the water yield of infiltrating from the bottom, thus the heavy desired depth of passing through.In addition, four barrel-shaped one-tenth are whole, help resisting seafloor scour, improved basic resistance to overturning greatly, greatly reduce the offshore construction cost.
Description of drawings
The integral type foundation vertical view in the subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin of Fig. 1.
The integral type foundation lateral view in the subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin of Fig. 2.
The vertical view in the resistance to compression water storage cabin of Fig. 3 embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 interior compartment plate-beam composite structure.
Fig. 5 open floor structural representation.
Fig. 6 bucket base arrangement diagram (a) is the barrel base elevation; (b) be the A-A cross section view.
The inner gusset of strengthening of Fig. 7 bucket base (a) is the main gusset of strengthening in the bucket; (b) be the auxilliary gusset of strengthening in the bucket.
The operating principle of the integral type foundation in the subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin of Fig. 8.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
The integral type foundation in the subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin of tension leg platform (TLP) of the present invention is when designing, and all the time round two design principless: (1) rationally is provided with resistance to compression water storage cabin; (2) keep four bucket bases to be linked to be integral body.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the integral type foundation in the subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin of tension leg platform (TLP) of the present invention is made of three parts, comprises barrel base 2, resistance to compression water storage cabin 1 and truss connecting elements 3.Barrel base 2 heavy injection mud are for platform provides uplift resistance and stability support.Resistance to compression water storage cabin 1 is responsible for the bucket maritime interior waters and is gone into the interior seawater of bucket by the outer soil body seepage flow of bucket, causes barrel internal pressure to reduce, and less than the bucket external pressure, produces negative pressure, makes bucket base 2 smooth heavy passing through.Truss connecting elements 3 mainly is that four bucket bases 2 and resistance to compression water storage cabin 1 are linked as integral body, when the seabed is fallen on the basis, both guaranteed the relative position of four bucket bases 2, guarantee bucket base 2 vertical surfaces, seabed again, making bucket base 2 vertically to sink passes through, and sink and pass through the position relative fixed, guarantee four tension leg keeping parallelisms.In addition, four heavy simultaneously passing through of bucket base 2 can significantly reduce the offshore construction time.The integral type foundation structure dimension in the subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin of tension leg platform (TLP)
Because the tension leg upper end is fixed on the platform body, the lower end links to each other with seafloor foundation, so the principal dimensions on basis is determined by the main platform body yardstick.Present embodiment designs at a typical extension tension leg platform (TLP), and it is an extension tension leg platform (TLP) invention scheme at the environmental quality proposition in marine site, Southeast Asia.The integral type foundation in the subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin that the present invention introduced is to should the upper body scheme inventing.
According to the platform of institute's foundation, the center to center distance that present embodiment is got barrel base 2 is 50m, thereby the center to center distance in resistance to compression water storage cabin also can be defined as 50m, so the integral type foundation in subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin is by the overall principal dimensions of the 50m * 50m layout that is square.Present embodiment is according to the design of tension leg platform (TLP) itself, integral type foundation is designed to square, and in the practical application, not getting rid of has other project organizations, for example, can be designed to rectangle.
The yardstick of barrel base 2 depends primarily on foundation of sea floor situation and required resistance to plucking ability; The yardstick in resistance to compression water storage cabin 1 then depends primarily on the yardstick of bucket, and the size in cabin directly influences the size of uplift force, so the yardstick in barrel base 2 and resistance to compression water storage cabin 1 is to interact, checks and balance, and must determine by Performance Calculation.Truss connecting elements 3 yardsticks are then determined by the yardstick in resistance to compression water storage cabin 1.Therefore, satisfying under the prerequisite of performance requirement, the yardstick of the integral type foundation each several part in final definite subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin is as follows.
The basic diameter of bucket: 12m bucket base height: 20m
Resistance to compression water storage cabin diameter: 24m resistance to compression water storage cabin height: 6m
1 resistance to compression water storage cabin is arranged and yardstick
Because in the dark seabed of 1000m, very huge hydraulic pressure will be born in resistance to compression water storage cabin 1, and initially sink when passing through when it, be atmospheric pressure state in the cabin, be easy to be damaged by pressure, so require this cabin must possess very strong anti-pressure ability.Therefore, the present invention adopts two kinds of methods that structure is strengthened in when invention: the one, subdivision, promptly with dividing plate with resistance to compression water storage cabin 1 from vertical, radially, hoop is divided into a plurality of cabins, so just the hydraulic pressure that the cabin can be subjected to is distributed to each cabin, breaks the whole up into parts; The 2nd, adopt plate-beam composite structure, each cabin all adopts plate-beam composite structure to strengthen, and the girder of each bulkhead and secondary beam have surrounded open floor respectively, and bulkhead is further strengthened.Its vertical view as shown in Figure 3.
2 barrel bases are arranged and yardstick
2 single barrels of high 20m of barrel base, diameter 12m.Duty is gone into mud 20m.Form by two parts for single barrel, i.e. bucket wall and bucket top.The bucket wall be divided into epimere, hypomere, in establish 24 blocks of vertical strengthening ribs plates.The high 15m of bucket wall epimere, thick 50mm; The high 5m of hypomere, thick 25mm; Reinforcing rib thickness of slab 50mm.The thick 50mm of bucket top board, top board is divided into 12 deep floors, thick 50mm.Bucket base 2 and internal construction detailed dimensions are arranged shown in Fig. 6～7.
3 truss connecting elementss are arranged and yardstick
The integral type foundation in subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin comprises four sections truss connecting elementss 3, every section length overall 22m, and wide 12m, high 5m, two ends link to each other with resistance to compression water storage cabin 1 respectively.Vertical 3 row, every row are 6m at interval; Level is to 2 row, 5m at interval; All adopt " X " shape trussed construction.Each member is the steel pipe, and it is of a size of Φ 600 * 20mm.During construction, earlier truss is welded on the outer wall in resistance to compression water storage cabin 1, and then fluid concrete, truss is equivalent to take root in the ballast district like this, and the pad of truss and outer wall is played a very good protection, and can improve the stress of solder joint herein.
As shown in Figure 8, the operating principle of the integral type foundation in subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin comprises following four-stage:
(1) integral type foundation in subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin makes basic 2 lower edges of bucket embed in the soil under deadweight and ballast effect, forms the closed state of inner bucket water body, realizes initial injection.In this process, 1 inside, resistance to compression water storage cabin is atmospheric pressure state, electronics valve 1 closure between itself and the bucket base 2, and unidirectional kingston valve 5 is opened, and inner bucket water is discharged by unidirectional kingston valve 5.
(2) close unidirectional kingston valve 5, open valve 1,, make the water yield that flows into resistance to compression water storage cabin 1 in the same time surpass the water yield of infiltrating, cause basic 2 internal pressures of bucket to reduce,, form negative pressure less than bucket base 2 external pressures from the bottom by adjusting valve 1 opening degree.Act on 1 top cover of resistance to compression water storage cabin vertically downward pressure when surpassing seabed earth to the resistance of bucket base 2 when what caused by the bucket inside and outside differential pressure, bucket base 2 just can constantly be pressed in the soil.
(3) resistance to compression water storage cabin 1 is former is to sink to the seabed with normal pressure, when the bucket maritime interior waters is a large amount of flow into after, air can upwards be assembled naturally in the cabin, air can constantly be compressed.Be provided with barometer in the cabin, can read internal pressure at any time.Along with the inflow of seawater, pressure constantly increases in the cabin, produces huge pressure opposing seabed high pressure for avoiding the air compression, causes sinking passing through and can not carrying out smoothly, and Open valve 2 makes air pass through to discharge attached to the flexible pipe on the tension leg.Whole heavy passing through in the process all will be read the cabin internal gas pressure at any time, by adjusting the switching degree of valve 1 and valve 2, reaches the purpose of adjusting negative pressure in the bucket again, realizes the progressively injection of bucket base 2, finally reaches projected depth.
(4) after basic injection desired depth, valve-off 1 and valve 2, resistance to compression water storage cabin 1 pressure stability.The basic 2 external and internal pressure differences of bucket fade away, and the bucket internal pressure returns to ambient pressure.Bucket base 2 sinks and passes through termination and after fixed and examination is drawn after a while, can bear uplift resistance.
Claims (5)
1. the integral type foundation in the subsidiary resistance to compression water storage cabin of a tension leg platform (TLP), comprise 4 identical resistance to compression water storage cabins, 4 identical barrel bases and truss connecting elements, described four water storage cabins become rectangular arrangement, the main body in each water storage cabin is a column, be connected by the truss connecting elements that is arranged on the described rectangle length of side between the water storage cabin, the bottom in each resistance to compression water storage cabin is fixed with one and corresponding water storage cabin concentric, and the barrel base that is connected by the first electronics valve, bucket wall upper end at barrel base is provided with unidirectional maritime valve, and described resistance to compression water storage cabin also is provided with the second electronics valve that joins with extract duct.
2. integral type foundation according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described resistance to compression water storage cabin from vertical, radially, hoop is separated into a plurality of cabins, plate-beam composite structure is adopted in each cabin, the girder of each bulkhead and secondary beam have surrounded open floor again respectively.
3. integral type foundation according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described barrel base is made up of a bucket wall and bucket top two parts, and a bucket wall is divided into epimere, hypomere, in establish polylith vertical strengthening ribs plate, bucket pushes up divides into the polylith deep floor.
4. integral type foundation according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described truss connecting elements adopts " X " shape trussed construction, and each member is steel pipe.
5. the sinking penetrating method of the described integral type foundation of claim 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) makes electronics valve closes between resistance to compression water storage cabin and the barrel base, the unidirectional kingston valve that is arranged on the barrel base is opened, the barrel base lower edge is embedded in the soil, form the closed state of inner bucket water body, realize initial injection;
(2) close unidirectional kingston valve, open the electronics valve between resistance to compression water storage cabin and the barrel base,, make the water yield that flows into resistance to compression water storage cabin in the same time surpass the water yield of infiltrating from the bottom by adjusting the opening degree of this valve, form negative pressure, make barrel base constantly be pressed in the soil;
(3) according to resistance to compression water storage cabin internal gas pressure, open the second electronics valve that joins with extract duct, air is discharged, whole heavy passing through in the process all will be read the cabin internal gas pressure at any time, by adjusting the switching degree of valve 1 and valve 2, adjust negative pressure in the bucket again, realize the progressively injection of barrel base;
(4) after barrel base injection desired depth, close two electronics valves.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100684842A CN101538865B (en) | 2009-04-15 | 2009-04-15 | Integral type foundation of tension leg platform provided with compression resistant water storage cabins and penetration method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100684842A CN101538865B (en) | 2009-04-15 | 2009-04-15 | Integral type foundation of tension leg platform provided with compression resistant water storage cabins and penetration method thereof |
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| CN101538865A true CN101538865A (en) | 2009-09-23 |
| CN101538865B CN101538865B (en) | 2010-12-29 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102094770A (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2011-06-15 | 河海大学 | Design method for wind farm foundation |
| CN106468053A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2017-03-01 | 余運錩 | For power generation application framework in the collection drainage facility in marine site |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3961489A (en) * | 1972-05-02 | 1976-06-08 | Olav Mo | Method for placing a floating structure on the sea bed |
| NO135909C (en) * | 1972-05-02 | 1984-06-21 | Offshore Concrete As | MARIN CONSTRUCTION |
| US4810135A (en) * | 1987-06-04 | 1989-03-07 | Exxon Production Research Company | Compliant offshore structure with fixed base |
| CN1026618C (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 1994-11-16 | 渤海石油公司工程设计公司 | Foundation and method for floating of submerged piles owing to the change of constant displacement of air seal of foundation base |
| CN2304688Y (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 1999-01-20 | 天津奈普顿近海工程开发有限公司 | Barrel type mono-column foundation structure with loading tank for supporting platform |
| CN1262361A (en) * | 1999-02-02 | 2000-08-09 | 天津市南普近海工程开发有限公司 | Shallow water platform series with multi-barrel suction type foundation |
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2009
- 2009-04-15 CN CN2009100684842A patent/CN101538865B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102094770A (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2011-06-15 | 河海大学 | Design method for wind farm foundation |
| CN106468053A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2017-03-01 | 余運錩 | For power generation application framework in the collection drainage facility in marine site |
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| CN101538865B (en) | 2010-12-29 |
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Granted publication date: 20101229 Termination date: 20110415 |