CN101538060A - Method for producing light calcium carbonate and coproducing hydrogen sulfide by using crude calcium sulfide - Google Patents
Method for producing light calcium carbonate and coproducing hydrogen sulfide by using crude calcium sulfide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101538060A CN101538060A CN200910102546A CN200910102546A CN101538060A CN 101538060 A CN101538060 A CN 101538060A CN 200910102546 A CN200910102546 A CN 200910102546A CN 200910102546 A CN200910102546 A CN 200910102546A CN 101538060 A CN101538060 A CN 101538060A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen sulfide
- calcium carbonate
- thick
- light calcium
- sulfurated lime
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing light calcium carbonate and coproducing hydrogen sulfide by using crude calcium sulfide, belonging to the technical field of chemical production. The method comprises the steps of: pulverizing the crude calcium sulfide, and dissolving out the pulverized crude calcium sulfide by using saturated hydrogen sulfide solution at room temperature to obtain sulfur calcium hydroxide solution; removing other impurities in the crude calcium sulfide by filtering and washing, and introducing CO2 into clear solution to generate precipitation of light calcium carbonate and continuously generate hydrogen sulfide gas; preparing the saturated hydrogen sulfide solution by using part of the generated hydrogen sulfide gas, and delivering the rest of the hydrogen sulfide gas to a gas holder for storage; filtering and washing feed liquid generated from carbonatation reaction to obtain light calcium carbonate solid; introducing the hydrogen sulfide gas into the filtrate to prepare the saturated hydrogen sulfide solution, and returning to the previous step to dissolving out the crude calcium sulfide for recycling; and drying, crashing and packaging the light calcium carbonate to obtain a finished product of light calcium carbonate. The light calcium carbonate product has less impurity and high whiteness compared with that produced by the traditional method, and the byproduct hydrogen sulfide can be used as raw material of other chemical products.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to produce the method for light calcium carbonate coproduction hydrogen sulfide, belong to enviromental protection and improvement and chemical production technical field with thick sulfurated lime.
Background technology:
Light calcium carbonate (popular name: be a kind of important inorganic chemical product precipitated chalk), be widely used in industries such as plastics, rubber, papermaking, coating.The production method of light calcium carbonate has multiple, but at home industrial mainly is carborization.Carborization technology is: the calcining of raw materials such as Wingdale is generated lime (major ingredient is a calcium oxide) and carbonic acid gas, add water digestion lime again and generate milk of lime (major ingredient is a calcium hydroxide), and then feeding carbonic acid gas carbonization milk of lime generation precipitation of calcium carbonate, last precipitation of calcium carbonate just makes light calcium carbonate through dehydration, drying and pulverizing.Carborization technology is sophisticated traditional technology.
Hydrogen sulfide is a kind of industrial chemicals gas, is used to process other Chemicals such as sulphur, sodium sulphite, Sodium sulfhydrate, thiocarbamide, mercaptan, thioether, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) etc.The production method of industrial hydrogen sulfide is generally with the reaction of strong acid such as barium sulphide or sulfurated lime and sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid, produces barium sulfate or bariumchloride simultaneously.The hydrogen sulfide production method close with the present invention is document 1 Tang Pei Kun patent of invention " producing the method for hydrogen sulfide ", application number: 01134457.1, be prior art.Document 1 is with the vitriolated aqueous solution and hydrogen sulfide is produced in sulfurated lime (being obtained by the calcium sulfate thermal reduction) reaction and by-product goes out industrial gypsum.
Thick sulfurated lime is to form through high temperature reduction with industry by-product gypsums such as the plaster of paris or phosphogypsum, desulfurated plasters.The technology for preparing thick sulfurated lime by the gypsum high temperature reduction has been united by Guizhou University, Guizhou Xiyang Fertilizer Industry Co., Ltd. and has been applied for patent of invention, patent No. ZL200710077608.4.Because the present utilization ratios of industry by-product gypsum such as phosphogypsum, desulfurated plaster are extremely low, stack a large amount of utilizing waste gypsum slag fields, mostly pile up like a mountain, becomes public hazards, and the exploitation of the thick sulfurated lime derived product that is obtained by the gypsum high temperature reduction is the effective way that solves industry by-product gypsum.
Produce light calcium carbonate with thick sulfurated lime and with Wingdale production lime carbonate more superiority is arranged than tradition, comprise that raw material is cheap and easy to get, the product foreign matter content is few, steady quality, by-product goes out hydrogen sulfide simultaneously, has also solved the industry by-product gypsum problem of environment pollution caused.
Summary of the invention:
Purpose of the present invention, after being that solution obtains thick sulfurated lime by high temperature reduction, effectively develop the derived product of thick sulfurated lime, thereby solving the industry by-product gypsum environmental pollution problem. the present invention will be converted into calcium sulfhydrate through making with extra care by the thick sulfurated lime that the industrial gypsum high temperature reduction obtains, prepare light calcium carbonate and hydrogen sulfide by calcium sulfhydrate and carbon dioxide reaction, overcome the shortcoming of by-product industrial gypsum in the document 1 preparation hydrogen sulfide process, the light calcium carbonate of Sheng Chaning is lower than conventional production methods foreign matter content simultaneously, steady quality.For a new approach is opened up in effective utilization of industry by-product gypsum waste residue.
The present invention is achieved like this: thick sulfurated lime normal temperature behind grinding is obtained calcium sulfhydrate (Ca (HS) down with saturated hydrogen sulfide solution stripping CaS
2) solution, other impurity in the thick sulfurated lime wash after filtration that slag field, back is stacked or as the building materials raw material; Remove the calcium sulfhydrate (Ca (HS) behind the insoluble impurity of solid after filtration
2) solution constantly feeds CO
2Gas in this carbonation, constantly produces hydrogen sulfide, generation light calcium carbonate precipitation, a hydrogen sulfide part that produces is used for producing saturated hydrogen sulfide solution, and all the other cabinets of supplying gas store, as the raw material of producing other Chemicals such as sulphur, thiocarbamide; After washing after filtration, the feed liquid that carbonation reaction is ended obtains the light calcium carbonate solid, filtrate feeds hydrogen sulfide and makes saturated hydrogen sulfide solution and return the thick sulfurated lime of operation stripping and recycle, and obtains the light calcium carbonate finished product after light calcium carbonate drying, pulverizing, the packing.
It is that the Containing Sulfur calcium of the gypsum high temperature reduction of main component is main industrial chemicals that the thick sulfurated lime of indication of the present invention is meant with sulfur acid calcium such as the plaster of paris, phosphogypsum, desulfurated plasters, or the Containing Sulfur calcium of other industrial by-product is main chemical spent material.
The thick sulfurated lime of the present invention grinding to 100 order (tail over≤5%).
The stripping of the thick sulfurated lime of the present invention in saturated hydrogen sulfide solution is constantly to stir stripping, dissolution time 0.5～3 hour under normal temperature and pressure or the pressurized conditions.
The mole number that the stripping of the thick sulfurated lime of the present invention in saturated hydrogen sulfide solution will guarantee hydrogen sulfide in the process in leaching solution is controlled hydrogen sulfide and is treated that molten sulfurated lime mol ratio is 1: 0.5～1.0 more than or equal to the mole number for the treatment of the dissolved sulfurated lime.
The CO that calcium sulfhydrate solution of the present invention feeds in carbonation
2Concentration will be more than 30%, and control reaction end pH value 7～8, and control different temperature of reaction according to the difference of product specification, conventional products temperature be at 40～80 ℃, 10～25 ℃ of superfine products.
The present invention has following feature and beneficial effect:
Thick sulfurated lime main component is sulfurated lime (CaS), and sulfurated lime generates calcium sulfhydrate with the hydrogen sulfide reaction in the hydrogen sulfide saturated solution.Its principal reaction is as follows:
CaS+H
2S→Ca(HS)
2
Calcium sulfhydrate is dissolved in the aqueous solution, and other impurity in the thick sulfurated lime is separated after filtration, and calcium sulfhydrate solution and carbonic acid gas generation carbonation reaction generate light calcium carbonate and hydrogen sulfide.It is as long as reaction is as follows:
Ca(HS)
2+CO
2→CaCO
3↓+H
2S↑
The present invention with existing be that the method for raw material production light calcium carbonate is compared with Wingdale, have following beneficial effect: (1) is existing to be in the method for raw material production light calcium carbonate with Wingdale, raw material is the Wingdale ore, the thick sulfurated lime that the present invention makes with industrial residue industry by-product gypsum high temperature reduction, be utilization of waste material, also make contributions for environmental protection.(2) existing is that lime is made milk of lime through digestion in the method for raw material production light calcium carbonate with Wingdale, because white lime (Ca (OH)
2) be slightly soluble in water (solubleness 0.16g in the time of 20 ℃), with CO
2What carburizing reagent took place is the suspension liquid of white lime, and solid impurity content height in this suspension liquid causes foreign matter content height in the product light calcium carbonate, and whiteness is also low; The present invention and CO
2What carburizing reagent took place is calcium sulfhydrate solution, and solid impurity content is low after filtering for solution, and product light calcium carbonate foreign matter content is low, the whiteness height.(3) the present invention's by-product in the preparation light calcium carbonate goes out can be used as the H of other industrial chemicals
2S gas has improved economic benefit.
The present invention compares with the method document 1 of existing production hydrogen sulfide, has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention CO
2Sulfuric acid waste in the replacement document 1 can be realized not externally discharged waste water as the souring agent that produces hydrogen sulfide, and Recycling Mother Solution is dissolved thick sulfurated lime; Producing hydrogen sulfide in the document 1 must externally discharged waste water.Document 1 principal reaction mechanism is:
CaS+H
2S→Ca(HS)
2
Ca(HS)
2+H
2SO
4→CaSO
4↓+H
2S↑
By top reaction as can be seen, the process of document 1 has only the source of water (water in the sulfuric acid waste) not have the consumption of water, must externally discharged waste water.(2) produced simultaneously with hydrogen sulfide in the document 1 is that calcium sulfate is industrial gypsum, and its whole process becomes sulfur waste acid into waste gypsum exactly, does not have environment-friendly advantage and cost advantage; The present invention and hydrogen sulfide are produced simultaneously to be the light calcium carbonate of high value, has environment-friendly advantage and cost advantage.(3) the present invention CO
2As the souring agent that produces hydrogen sulfide, can effectively utilize the carbonic acid gas of industrial discharge, reduce emission amount of carbon dioxide, have the social effect of energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Raw material 1: thick sulfurated lime, collecting location: Guizhou Xiyang Fertilizer Industry Co., Ltd.'s self-control
The chemical constitution of thick sulfurated lime sees the following form
Raw material 2: carbonic acid gas (synthetic ammonia is often vented one's spleen, content 93%), collecting location: Guizhou Xiyang Fertilizer Industry Co., Ltd.
Implementation method:
Grinding is crossed in the stripping groove that the thick sulfurated lime of 100 purposes and saturated hydrogen sulfide solution join the band whipping appts, by the solid-to-liquid ratio of thick sulfurated lime and saturated hydrogen sulfide solution is to carry out proportioning at 1: 100, reacted at normal temperatures and pressures 40 minutes, feed liquid is filtered with leaf filter, stack filter residue slag field after washing, filtrate pump is delivered to carbonating tower and is carried out carbonating, and carbonating is often vented one's spleen with synthetic ammonia.50 ℃ of control reaction temperature stop ventilation when treating carbodiimide solution pH=7.The hydrogen sulfide that will produce in the carbonation cabinet of supplying gas stores, feed liquid is filtered with leaf filter, filtrate is made saturated hydrogen sulfide solution through feeding excess hydrogen sulfide gas and is returned the stripping groove, filter cake with the Rotatingandflashstreamingdrier oven dry, is finished product by bag filter and the collected light calcium carbonate of dust precipitator after packing after washing.。
Result of implementation:
1. light calcium carbonate
Zhi Bei light calcium carbonate effective constituent sees the following form after testing
As seen from the above table, each index of light calcium carbonate for preparing by industrial test meets HG2226-91 standard (acceptable end product), and whiteness overproof index far away.
2. hydrogen sulfide
H in the gas holder after testing
2The S volumetric concentration is 68%.
Embodiment: embodiment 2:
Raw material 1: thick sulfurated lime, collecting location: Guizhou Xiyang Fertilizer Industry Co., Ltd.'s self-control
The chemical constitution of thick sulfurated lime sees the following form
Raw material 2: carbonic acid gas (synthetic ammonia is often vented one's spleen, content 93%), collecting location: Guizhou Xiyang Fertilizer Industry Co., Ltd.
Implementation method:
Grinding is crossed in the stripping groove that the thick sulfurated lime of 100 purposes and saturated hydrogen sulfide solution join the band whipping appts, by the solid-to-liquid ratio of thick sulfurated lime and saturated hydrogen sulfide solution is to carry out proportioning at 1.2: 100, reacted at normal temperatures and pressures 60 minutes, feed liquid is filtered with leaf filter, stack filter residue slag field after washing, filtrate pump is delivered to carbonating tower and is carried out carbonating, and carbonating is often vented one's spleen with synthetic ammonia.20 ℃ of control reaction temperature stop ventilation when treating carbodiimide solution pH=8.The hydrogen sulfide that will produce in the carbonation cabinet of supplying gas stores, feed liquid is filtered with leaf filter, filtrate is made saturated hydrogen sulfide solution through feeding excess hydrogen sulfide gas and is returned the stripping groove, filter cake with the Rotatingandflashstreamingdrier oven dry, is finished product by bag filter and the collected light calcium carbonate of dust precipitator after packing after washing.。
Result of implementation:
1. light calcium carbonate
Zhi Bei light calcium carbonate effective constituent sees the following form after testing
As seen from the above table, each index of light calcium carbonate for preparing by industrial test meets HG2226-91 standard (acceptable end product), and whiteness overproof index far away.
2. hydrogen sulfide
H in the gas holder after testing
2The S volumetric concentration is 67%.
Claims (6)
1. produce the method for light calcium carbonate coproduction hydrogen sulfide with thick sulfurated lime, it is characterized in that thick sulfurated lime normal temperature behind grinding is obtained calcium sulfhydrate (Ca (HS) down with saturated hydrogen sulfide solution stripping CaS
2) solution, other impurity in the thick sulfurated lime wash after filtration that slag field, back is stacked or as the building materials raw material; Remove the calcium sulfhydrate (Ca (HS) behind the insoluble impurity of solid after filtration
2) solution constantly feeds CO
2Gas in this carbonation, constantly produces hydrogen sulfide, generation light calcium carbonate precipitation, a hydrogen sulfide part that produces is used for producing saturated hydrogen sulfide solution, and all the other cabinets of supplying gas store, as the raw material of producing other Chemicals such as sulphur, thiocarbamide; After washing after filtration, the feed liquid that carbonation reaction is ended obtains the light calcium carbonate solid, filtrate feeds hydrogen sulfide and makes saturated hydrogen sulfide solution and return the thick sulfurated lime of operation stripping and recycle, and obtains the light calcium carbonate finished product after light calcium carbonate drying, pulverizing, the packing.
2. the method that the thick sulfurated lime of usefulness according to claim 1 is produced light calcium carbonate coproduction hydrogen sulfide, it is characterized in that it is that the Containing Sulfur calcium of the gypsum high temperature reduction of main component is main industrial chemicals that thick sulfurated lime is meant with sulfur acid calcium such as the plaster of paris, phosphogypsum, desulfurated plasters, or the Containing Sulfur calcium of other industrial by-product is main chemical spent material.
3. produce the method for light calcium carbonate coproduction hydrogen sulfide according to the thick sulfurated lime of the described usefulness of claim 1, it is characterized in that thick sulfurated lime grinding to 100 order (tail over≤5%).
4. the method for producing light calcium carbonate coproduction hydrogen sulfide according to the thick sulfurated lime of the described usefulness of claim 1 is characterized in that the stripping of thick sulfurated lime in saturated hydrogen sulfide solution is constantly to stir stripping, dissolution time 0.5～3 hour under normal temperature and pressure or the pressurized conditions.
5. the method that the thick sulfurated lime of usefulness according to claim 1 is produced light calcium carbonate coproduction hydrogen sulfide, it is characterized in that mole number that the stripping of thick sulfurated lime in saturated hydrogen sulfide solution will guarantee hydrogen sulfide in the process in leaching solution more than or equal to the mole number for the treatment of the dissolved sulfurated lime, control hydrogen sulfide with treat that molten sulfurated lime mol ratio is 1: 0.5～1.0.
6. the method that the thick sulfurated lime of usefulness according to claim 1 is produced light calcium carbonate coproduction hydrogen sulfide is characterized in that the CO that calcium sulfhydrate solution feeds in carbonation
2Concentration will be more than 30%, and control reaction end pH value 7～8, and control different temperature of reaction according to the difference of product specification, conventional products temperature be at 40～80 ℃, 10～25 ℃ of superfine products.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910102546A CN101538060A (en) | 2009-05-05 | 2009-05-05 | Method for producing light calcium carbonate and coproducing hydrogen sulfide by using crude calcium sulfide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910102546A CN101538060A (en) | 2009-05-05 | 2009-05-05 | Method for producing light calcium carbonate and coproducing hydrogen sulfide by using crude calcium sulfide |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101538060A true CN101538060A (en) | 2009-09-23 |
Family
ID=41121496
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910102546A Pending CN101538060A (en) | 2009-05-05 | 2009-05-05 | Method for producing light calcium carbonate and coproducing hydrogen sulfide by using crude calcium sulfide |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101538060A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102275967A (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2011-12-14 | 陈琳 | Method for preparing nanometer calcium carbonate by using sintered desulfurated ash residues as raw materials |
| CN102838154A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2012-12-26 | 陕西斯达实业有限公司 | Process for producing sulfur and light calcium carbonate from phosphorus gypsum |
| CN103864023A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-06-18 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for reducing and decomposing ardealite by using ardealite carbonatation tail gas |
| CN104910987A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2015-09-16 | 湘潭先锋洁能环保技术有限公司 | Technological method for purifying biogas to vehicle-use natural gas and recycling byproducts |
| CN106966420A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-07-21 | 贵州省化工研究院 | A kind of method that utilization ardealite prepares high-purity lightweight carbonic acid |
| CN110562933A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-13 | 西南科技大学 | Method for quickly separating calcium and sulfur of industrial byproduct gypsum |
| CN110577196A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-17 | 西南科技大学 | Method for recovering sulfur from industrial byproduct gypsum |
| CN113247935A (en) * | 2021-02-28 | 2021-08-13 | 昆明理工大学 | Decomposition of waste acid neutralization residue for preparing H2Method of S |
-
2009
- 2009-05-05 CN CN200910102546A patent/CN101538060A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102275967A (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2011-12-14 | 陈琳 | Method for preparing nanometer calcium carbonate by using sintered desulfurated ash residues as raw materials |
| CN102275967B (en) * | 2011-07-22 | 2013-05-15 | 陈琳 | Method for preparing nanometer calcium carbonate by using sintered desulfurated ash residues as raw materials |
| CN102838154A (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2012-12-26 | 陕西斯达实业有限公司 | Process for producing sulfur and light calcium carbonate from phosphorus gypsum |
| CN103864023A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-06-18 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for reducing and decomposing ardealite by using ardealite carbonatation tail gas |
| CN103864023B (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2016-08-24 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method of ardealite carbonating tail gas reducing and decomposing phosphogypsum |
| CN104910987A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2015-09-16 | 湘潭先锋洁能环保技术有限公司 | Technological method for purifying biogas to vehicle-use natural gas and recycling byproducts |
| CN106966420A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-07-21 | 贵州省化工研究院 | A kind of method that utilization ardealite prepares high-purity lightweight carbonic acid |
| CN110562933A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-13 | 西南科技大学 | Method for quickly separating calcium and sulfur of industrial byproduct gypsum |
| CN110562933B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2022-01-28 | 西南科技大学 | Method for quickly separating calcium and sulfur of industrial byproduct gypsum |
| CN110577196A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-17 | 西南科技大学 | Method for recovering sulfur from industrial byproduct gypsum |
| CN113247935A (en) * | 2021-02-28 | 2021-08-13 | 昆明理工大学 | Decomposition of waste acid neutralization residue for preparing H2Method of S |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101538060A (en) | Method for producing light calcium carbonate and coproducing hydrogen sulfide by using crude calcium sulfide | |
| CN101264920B (en) | Method for preparing micro-fine and ultra-fine calcium carbonate of different crystal forms from carbide slag | |
| CN110078389A (en) | A kind of high response and high-specific surface area calcium hydroxide raw powder's production technology | |
| CN101293663A (en) | Novel technique for preparing fine calcium carbonate | |
| CN102618931A (en) | Method for preparing calcium sulfate whiskers | |
| CN101987734B (en) | Magnesite carbonization method for producing magnesium hydroxide and calcium carbonate product | |
| CN101759207B (en) | Process for producing high-purity magnesium hydroxide through brine-lime method | |
| CN107445188B (en) | A kind of preparation method of rod-like precipitates calcium carbonate | |
| CN109665549A (en) | A kind of technique preparing calcium aluminum hydrotalcite using carbon dioxide | |
| CN102838141A (en) | Process for producing magnesium hydrate by removing silicon and aluminum from magnesite | |
| CN102275958A (en) | Method for preparing magnesium hydroxide utilizing magnesium sulfate as raw material | |
| CN112830505B (en) | Method for purifying salt mother liquor slurry by flue gas method | |
| JP2024508917A (en) | Method for producing inorganic compounds using desulfurized gypsum to reduce greenhouse gas emissions | |
| CN102351221B (en) | Method for preparing magnesium hydroxide from acid-dissolved magnesium ion-containing raw materials | |
| CN103303955B (en) | Production method of calcium carbonate whisker | |
| CN108793217A (en) | The preparation method of one bulb tufted shape precipitated calcium carbonate | |
| CN103642051A (en) | Method for treating alkali absorbed sulfur dioxide waste liquid by using lignin | |
| CN102502748A (en) | Microwave method for preparing rose-shaped calcium carbonate | |
| CN102303879B (en) | Method for preparing magnesium hydroxide by utilizing light calcined dolomite | |
| CN109331620A (en) | A kind of calcium and magnesium composite desulfurizing agent and its calcium and magnesium compound desulfurizing process | |
| CN102115813B (en) | Comprehensive utilization method for low-grade magnesite | |
| CN102275967B (en) | Method for preparing nanometer calcium carbonate by using sintered desulfurated ash residues as raw materials | |
| CN102417195B (en) | Improvement of production process for producing magnesium oxide by carbonization method | |
| CN109467113A (en) | A kind of production technology of calcium carbonate powder | |
| CN112174093B (en) | Method for producing bleaching powder by using carbide slag |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Open date: 20090923 |