CN101532100A - Copper alloy wear-resistant material and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Copper alloy wear-resistant material and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101532100A CN101532100A CN200910058578A CN200910058578A CN101532100A CN 101532100 A CN101532100 A CN 101532100A CN 200910058578 A CN200910058578 A CN 200910058578A CN 200910058578 A CN200910058578 A CN 200910058578A CN 101532100 A CN101532100 A CN 101532100A
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Abstract
The inventive copper alloy wear-resistant material and manufacturing method thereof relate to the field of metal wear-resistant materials, aiming at solving the technical problems of high content of precious metals, high manufacturing cost, high price and prominent influence of production mode on the wear resistance of the copper alloy wear-resistant material, in the production field of the conventional copper alloy wear-resistant material. The inventive copper alloy wear-resistant material comprises the following ingredients based on weight ratio: 54%-57% of Cu, 3%-5% of Al, 3.5%-5.5% of Mn, 0.5%-1.3% of Si, 0.7-1.5% of Fe, not more than 1% of impurities, and Zn as the balance. The invention is suitable for the production field of alloy wear resistant material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the metal wear resistant material field, a kind of especially copper alloy wear-resistant material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Before last century the seventies, high-abrasive material adopts bronze material mostly, and bronze costs an arm and a leg, and because of the limitation of thermoforming performance, the use field is restricted.After the seventies, countries in the world are all dropped into energy polynary brass are studied, and have successively formed the multiple complicated wear resistant brass trade mark.
In present common copper alloy wear-resistant material, mainly there is following technical problem:
1. noble metal content height, the manufacturing cost height, the use cost height is restricted material range of application and field;
2. the mode of production is remarkable to the wear resistance influence of copper alloy wear-resistant material, has seriously restricted and has popularized and produce.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve the noble metal content height, manufacturing cost height, cost height and the mode of production that exist in the above-mentioned traditional copper alloy abrasion resistance material production field to technical problems such as the wear resistance influence of copper alloy wear-resistant material are remarkable, to provide a kind of low cost of manufacture, finished product wear resistance and mode of production dependency atomic copper alloy wear-resistant material and preparation method thereof.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
Copper alloy wear-resistant material of the present invention, contain following components by weight proportion:
Cu 54％-57％
Al 3％-5％
Mn 3.5％-5.5％
Si 0.5％-1.3％
Fe 0.7％-1.5％
Impurity is not more than 1%
The Zn surplus
The preparation method of aforesaid copper alloy wear-resistant material is made of following steps:
(1) following each component is added in the smelting furnace by weight thoroughly fusing under 1300-1350 ℃ of temperature:
Cu 70％
Si 100％
Fe 100％
Mn 25％
(2) add Cu 30% by weight, stir and be cooled to 1030 ℃-1050 ℃;
(3) add Al 100%, Zn100% by weight, stir and drag for slag.
(4) add Mn75% by weight, stir and heat up, to 1050 ℃-1100 ℃.
The preparation method of aforesaid copper alloy wear-resistant material, in described step (1) fusion process, bath surface tightly covers with charcoal.
The preparation method of aforesaid copper alloy wear-resistant material is made of following steps:
(1) add following each component in the smelting furnace by weight:
Cu 70％
Si 100％
Fe 100％
Mn 25％
(2) will add in the smelting furnace with heavy copper alloy wear-resistant material finished product with step (1), continuous charging, and make its thorough fusing;
(3) add Al 100%, Zn100% by weight;
(4) above-mentioned melting liquid temp is risen to 1030-1050 ℃, high temperature drags for slag, and the adding weight ratio is 75% Mn;
(5) following each component is added by weight carry out refining in the smelting furnace
Na
3AlF
6(fluorine sodium chlorate) 50%
Na
2CO
3(soda) 20%
SiO
2(silicon powder) 10%
NaCl (sodium-chlor) 15%
KCl (Repone K) 5%
(6) the copper water after the above-mentioned refining was kept 5-10 minute under 1050-1100 ℃ stationary state;
(7) discharging
The preparation method of aforesaid copper alloy wear-resistant material, in step (2) or (5), bath surface tightly covers with charcoal.
The preparation method of aforesaid copper alloy wear-resistant material, described Cu are the Cu-2 electrolytic copper, and Cu content is not less than 99.95%; Zn is Zn-4, and Zn content is not less than 99.5%; Al is the special secondary of Al, and AL content is not less than 99.60%; Mn is an electrolytic metal Mn, and Mn content is not less than 99.5%; Si is a Si-secondary silicon, and Si content is not less than 98.0%; Fe is the low-carbon (LC) stalloy, and wherein S content is lower than 0.03%, P content is lower than 0.03%, Si content is lower than 0.03%.
The beneficial effect of copper alloy wear-resistant material of the present invention and preparation method thereof:
1. low, the low cost of manufacture of noble metal content, cost are low;
2. the mode of production does not influence the wear resistance of copper alloy wear-resistant material substantially;
3. can adopt different production methods to make material become the shape and size of needs according to different appointed conditions;
4. the goods that different production methods are produced, its microtexture difference is very little, all be made up of the matrix of high strength, high rigidity and the compound that is uniformly distributed on the matrix, and dynamic friction coefficient all is not more than 0.1;
5. the wearing piece that has definite shape and size can continue moulding by further hot-work.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is horizontal casting tubing metallograph 400X of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the ring gear metallograph 400X after horizontal casting tubing forge hot of the present invention is pressed
Fig. 3 is rotational casting tubing metallograph 400X of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the ring gear metallograph 400X after rotational casting tubing forge hot of the present invention is pressed
Fig. 5 is the vertical D.C.casting ingot casting of the present invention extruded tube metallograph 400X
Fig. 6 presses back ring gear metallograph 400X for the forge hot of the vertical D.C.casting ingot casting of the present invention extruded tube
Embodiment
Detailed structure of the present invention, application principle, effect and effect are illustrated by following embodiment.
Embodiment one: the preparation of copper alloy wear-resistant material
The preparation method of copper alloy wear-resistant material of the present invention is made of following steps:
(1) following each component is added in the smelting furnace by weight thoroughly fusing under 1300-1350 ℃ of temperature, melting
In the journey, bath surface tightly covers with charcoal:
Cu 70％
Si 100％
Fe 100％
Mn 25％
(2) add Cu 30% by weight, stir and be cooled to 1030 ℃-1050 ℃;
(3) add Al 100%, Zn100% by weight; Reinforced process block-by-block continuously adds.The copper water temp must not be higher than 1050 ℃ in the reinforced process stove.Be warming up to 1130-1150 ℃ behind reinforced the end.
(4) add Mn75% by weight.Should thoroughly stir copper liquid before adding Mn, drag for copper liquid surface scum.Mn should with fusing assistant Na
3AlF
6Add together.
(5) thoroughly stir copper water, charcoal is added a cover in sampling, heats up insulation when temperature reaches 1050 ℃-1100 ℃, static refining 5-10 minute.
(6) when reaching each chemical ingredients scope in the right of the present invention institute claim, the sampling composition gets final product discharging.
Below to press the back ring gear with the different production methods of ф 80 x ф 65 wear-resistant tubings and forge hot be example, with reference to accompanying drawing 1-6, by following embodiment to copper alloy wear-resistant material of the present invention preparation further specified:
Embodiment two: the preparation horizontal casting tubing that cooperates the finished product copper alloy wear-resistant material
1. continuous casting installation for casting: 2 300kg intermediate frequency (IF) smelting stoves, 1 500kg holding furnace.The every stove configuration of smelting furnace alloy 400kg.
2. prepare burden:
A) new and old material ratio 1:1.Old material refers to the old material of this alloy, refers to how much defective materials (following all abbreviations: old material) that alloy material is produced in melting, casting, turning processing, forging and pressing process.Old material can be how much defective materials of brand-new finished product, also can be how much defective materials that production process recycles.Composition is (following all abbreviations: old material) in material specified chemical composition scope of the present invention all;
B) ratio of components of each element is in the 200kg virgin material: Cu56%, Mn5%, Al4%, Si0.7%, Fe1%, Zn33.3%. need Cu112kg, Mn10kg, A18kg, Si1.4kg, Fe2kg, Zn74.6kg altogether.The composition of Zn has three: virgin material should the amount of allocating into 66.6kg, the loss 4kg of virgin material melting Zn, the loss 4kg of the old material remelting of 200kg Zn.The melting loss of Zn calculates with charging weight.
3. melting operation:
A) in smelting furnace, add the Mn of Cu, Si, Fe and aforementioned 1/4 weight of aforementioned weight, under 1300-1350 ℃ of temperature melting 25-30 minute, fusion process charcoal layer cladding thickness 5-10mm;
B) add old material continuously, and stir fusing;
C) after old material all melts, do not need to heat up and insulating process, in time add the Zn and the Al of aforementioned weight;
D) temperature rises to 1130-1150 ℃, and high temperature drags for slag, adds the Mn of aforementioned weight;
E) refining agent that adds charging weight 0.5% carries out refining.Refining agent component: Na3AlF6 (fluorine sodium chlorate) 50%, Na2CO3 (soda) 20%, SiO2 (silicon powder) 10%, NaCl (sodium-chlor) 15%, KCl (Repone K) 5%;
F) make copper water under static state keep 5-10 minute after the refining, so that slag and gas come-up.In order to obtain fine alloying melt, the temperature of fusion of refractory metal should remain on 1300-1350 ℃, the static refining temperature 1050-1100 of copper water ℃.Refractory metal fusing and static refining process bath surface tightly cover with charcoal, to prevent air-breathing and oxidation;
G) when the smelting furnace chemical ingredients satisfies the per-cent of each cited element of claim one in claims, change copper water and enter holding furnace.
4. casting process:
A) copper water changes behind the holding furnace again that sub-sampling carries out chemical analysis over to, be specified to branch qualified and reach pouring temperature 980-1030 ℃ after begin cast;
B) cast is taked to draw-skill of stopping work: cast frequency 25-30 time/minute, zinc supplementation 0.5kg in per 20 minutes clockwise holding furnaces of amplitude 7-12mm. casting process.External diameter is randomly drawed a material and is sent sample preparation workshop processing tensile bar after turning processing in the continuous casting tubing; Circle material before the forging and pressing that cut is on request randomly drawed and is carried out metallographicobservation.
5. every performance index of finished product horizontal casting tubing: tensile strength: 723-735Mpa, unit elongation 3.5-4%, hardness 92-95HRB.Frictional coefficient 0.092.Structure is referring to accompanying drawing 1.
Embodiment three: the preparative centrifugation casting tubing that cooperates the finished product copper alloy wear-resistant material
1. continuous casting installation for casting: intermediate frequency (IF) smelting stove 300kg, every stove batching 400kg.Liquid filling machine model: J514, adjustable speed.
2. batching is with embodiment two.
3. melting operation is with embodiment two.
4. casting process:
A) before the casting, the cleaning mould, unified size evenly is coated with and coats, preheating 60-80 degree; The casting cycle die temperature must not be higher than 130 degree;
B) 2-4 spare was watered in examination after copper water was warming up to 1030-1080 ℃;
C) water the definite copper water yield of part according to examination and begin casting, guarantee the size basically identical, and control liquid filling machine rotating speed 1250r/min (1: 1.5) (motor: axle), liquid filling machine rotational time 1-1.5min;
D) casting beginning back zinc supplementation 0.5kg in 10 fens clockwise stoves;
E) casting finishes, treat that foundry goods cools off substantially after, remove foundry goods inside and outside circle burr with file, guarantee to water foundry goods surface flawless, burr;
F) the inside and outside footpath of rotational casting tubing is randomly drawed a material and is sent sample preparation workshop processing tensile bar after turning processing; Circle material before the forging and pressing that cut is on request randomly drawed and is carried out metallographicobservation.
5. every performance index of rotational casting tubing: tensile strength: 735-748Mpa, unit elongation 3-4%, hardness 95-101HRB wipes coefficient 0.089.Structure is referring to accompanying drawing 3.
Embodiment four: adopt the vertical semi-continuous casting mode to cooperate the preparation extruded tube of finished product copper alloy wear-resistant material
1. continuous casting installation for casting: 750kg medium frequency induction melting furnace, every stove batching 1200kg; The vertical semi-continuous casting tractor.
2. prepare burden:
A) new and old material ratio 1:1;
B) ratio of components of each element is in the virgin material: Cu56%, Mn5%, Al4%, Si0.7%, Fe1%, Zn33.3%.600kg need the amount of each element: Cu336kg, Mn30kg, Al24kg, Si4.2kg, Fe6kg, Zn223.88kg altogether.The composition of Zn has three: virgin material should the amount of allocating into 199.86kg, the loss 12kg of virgin material melting Zn, and the loss 12kg of the old material remelting of 600kg Zn, the melting loss of Zn calculates with charging weight.
3. melting operation is with embodiment two.
4. casting process:
A) casting mode: burner case+tundish+crystallizer;
B) pouring temperature: 1030-1070 ℃;
C) casting rate: 3.5-5m/h adopts and draws-stop work skill.Draw 3 to stop 3 or 4 seconds;
D) cooling intensity: 0.03-0.05Mpa;
E) liquid level is wanted held stationary in the casting cycle crystallizer;
F) tundish covers with roasting red monoblock rice-straw ash, and mold liquid level tightly covers with roasting red cigarette ash, and copper water is exposed in the air;
G) casting cycle should be observed ingot surface quality at any time, in time adjusts the casting process parameter;
H) per 20 minutes interior zinc supplementation 0.5kg of clockwise stove of casting cycle;
I) tubing extruding: the ingot casting excision cast gate after the casting and the part that feels secure, ingot casting middle portion section carrying out low power inspection, the manual ingot blank of repairing sawing one-tenth in back for the extrusion machine extruding of ingot casting surface imperfection.Ingot blank heats in the power frequency process furnace, Heating temperature 650-700 ℃.Ingot blank after the heating extrudes into the tubing of specified dimension on the double-acting extruding machine of 2000 tons of tape punching systems, extrusion speed 25-30mm/s, and the extruding back is adopted air-cooled.Tubing after the extruding does not need the car surfaces externally and internally, and the socket of excision demands length send the sample preparation workshop to make tensile bar at random, and the circle material before the forging and pressing that cut is on request randomly drawed and carried out metallographicobservation.
5. every performance index of extruded tube: tensile strength: 740-750Mpa, unit elongation 4-4.5%, hardness 94-100HRB, dynamic friction coefficient 0.09.Structure such as Fig. 5.
The structure photo of contrast accompanying drawing 1-6, comprise: back ring gear metallograph 400X is pressed in ring gear metallograph 400X, the vertical D.C.casting ingot casting extruded tube metallograph 400X after ring gear metallograph 400X, the rotational casting tubing metallograph 400X after horizontal casting tubing metallograph 400X, the forge hot of horizontal casting tubing are pressed, the forge hot of rotational casting tubing are pressed, vertical D.C.casting ingot casting extruded tube forge hot, the copper alloy wear-resistant material product that the distinct device condition is produced is described, its microcosmic metallographic structure difference is very little.
The present invention is smelting process highly alloyed by to Cu, AL, Mn, Si, Fe, Zn five elements, and again by horizontal continuous-casting, or rotary casting or vertical semi-continuous casting ingot casting extrusion process obtain tubing, bar, or the material of different geometrical size.These materials both can directly become wearing piece by simple machining process, also can continue moulding by hot-work.Through experimental verification, the product that the distinct device condition is produced is very little to the microtexture influence.Material unit elongation 3-5%, tensile strength ≮ 700Mpa, hardness ≮ 90HRB, dynamic friction coefficient is not more than 0.1.
From the above, copper alloy wear-resistant material of the present invention and preparation method thereof has following advantage: noble metal content is low, cheap for manufacturing cost; The mode of production does not influence the wear resistance of copper alloy wear-resistant material substantially; The goods that different production methods are produced, its microtexture difference is very little, all be made up of the matrix of high strength, high rigidity and the compound that is uniformly distributed on the matrix, and dynamic friction coefficient all is not more than 0.1; Wearing piece can continue moulding by further hot-work; Can adopt different production methods to make material become the shape and size of needs according to different appointed conditions.
Claims (6)
1. copper alloy wear-resistant material, its feature is in containing following components by weight proportion:
Cu 54％-57％
Al 3％-5.0％
Mn 3.5％-5.5％
Si 0.5％-1.3％
Fe 0.7％-1.5％
The Zn surplus.
2. the preparation method of copper alloy wear-resistant material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that being made of following steps:
(1) following each component is added in the smelting furnace by weight thoroughly fusing under 1300-1350 ℃ of temperature:
Cu 70％
Si 100％
Fe 100％
Mn 25％
(2) add Cu 30% by weight, stir and be cooled to 1030 ℃-1050 ℃;
(3) add Al 100%, Zn100% by weight, stir and drag for slag.
(4) add Mn75% by weight, stir and heat up, to 1050 ℃-1100 ℃.
3. the preparation method of copper alloy wear-resistant material as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described step (1) fusion process, bath surface tightly covers with charcoal.
4. the preparation method of copper alloy wear-resistant material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that being made of following steps:
(1) add following each component in the smelting furnace by weight:
Cu 70％
Si 100％
Fe 100％
Mn 25％
(2) will add in the smelting furnace with heavy copper alloy wear-resistant material finished product with step (1), continuous charging, and make its thorough fusing;
(3) add Al 100%, Zn100% by weight;
(4) above-mentioned melting liquid temp is risen to 1030-1050 ℃, high temperature drags for slag, and the adding weight ratio is 75% Mn;
(5) following each component is added by weight carry out refining in the smelting furnace
Na
3AlF
6(fluorine sodium chlorate) 50%
Na
2CO
3(soda) 20%
SiO
2(silicon powder) 10%
NaCl (sodium-chlor) 15%
KCl (Repone K) 5%
(6) the copper water after the above-mentioned refining was kept 5-10 minute under 1050-1100 ℃ stationary state;
(7) discharging.
5. the preparation method of copper alloy wear-resistant material as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: in described step (2) or (5), bath surface tightly covers with charcoal.
6. as the preparation method of claim 2 or 4 described copper alloy wear-resistant materials, it is characterized in that: described Cu is the Cu-2 electrolytic copper, and Cu content is not less than 99.95%; Zn is Zn-4, and Zn content is not less than 99.5%; Al is the special secondary of Al, and AL content is not less than 99.60%; Mn is an electrolytic metal Mn, and Mn content is not less than 99.5%; Si is a Si-secondary silicon, and Si content is not less than 98.0%; Fe is the low-carbon (LC) stalloy, and wherein S content is lower than 0.03%, P content is lower than 0.03%, Si content is lower than 0.03%.
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|---|---|---|---|
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910058578A CN101532100A (en) | 2009-03-12 | 2009-03-12 | Copper alloy wear-resistant material and manufacturing method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107127534A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-09-05 | 海安县恒益滑动轴承有限公司 | A kind of production technology and system of high ferro train motor frictional disk embryo material |
| CN108070772A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2018-05-25 | 宜兴市乐华冶金辅助材料有限公司 | A kind of environmental protection equipment wear-resistant material |
-
2009
- 2009-03-12 CN CN200910058578A patent/CN101532100A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108070772A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2018-05-25 | 宜兴市乐华冶金辅助材料有限公司 | A kind of environmental protection equipment wear-resistant material |
| CN107127534A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-09-05 | 海安县恒益滑动轴承有限公司 | A kind of production technology and system of high ferro train motor frictional disk embryo material |
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Open date: 20090916 |