CN101529051A

CN101529051A - Conformance control through stimulus-responsive materials

Info

Publication number: CN101529051A
Application number: CNA2007800024127A
Authority: CN
Inventors: D·L·耶格; F·D·布内尔; S·R·克林曼; D·H·克; P·Y·黄
Original assignee: Exxon Production Research Co
Current assignee: ExxonMobil Upstream Research Co
Priority date: 2006-02-10
Filing date: 2007-01-04
Publication date: 2009-09-09
Also published as: EP2004952A4; EA200870248A1; WO2007094897A2; NO20083319L; AU2007215547A1; CA2636331A1; EP2004952A2; US20100038086A1; MX2008010008A; WO2007094897A3; EA014125B1; BRPI0707415A2

Abstract

The name of the invention is conformance control through Stimulus-presponsive materials. The present invention describes a method, apparatus and production well system that utilize stimulus- responsive materials for 'conformance control' and profile control along the fluid flow path in a well as part of a gravel pack or a coating on a well tool. The stimulus- responsive materials are also known as intelligent or smart polymers and are typically polymeric materials that reversibly or irreversibly swell or collapse in the presence of stimulus such as changes in concentration of a fluid media in contact with the stimulus-responsive material, pH or polarity of the media the stimulus-responsive material is in contact with, salinity, current; or temperature. The stimulus-responsive materials may swell upon contact with a first stimulus and shrink or collapse upon contact with a second stimulus or vice-versa. The changes between production and injection profiles may be automatic with the application of the stimulus-responsive materials and may occur without user intervention.

Description

Carry out conformance control by the excitation response material

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] the application requires the rights and interests of No. the 60/772nd, 087, the U.S. Provisional Application submitted on February 10th, 2006.

Technical field

[0002] present invention relates in general to control the generation of sand, water and hydrocarbon from pit shaft.More specifically but not exclusively, the present invention relates to use excitation response material (stimulus-responsivematerial) with production profile and injection profile in the control pit shaft, this is commonly called " conformance control (conformance control) ".

Background technology

[0003] this part is intended to introduce the various aspects of this area, and it can be relevant with the illustrative embodiments of present technique.This discussion is believed to be helpful in to provide and is beneficial to the framework of understanding the concrete aspect of present technique better.Therefore, should be appreciated that this part should read with this angle, and need not to be admission of prior art.

[0004] the gentle production of hydrocarbon such as oil has been carried out many years.In order to produce these hydrocarbon, production system can be utilized various devices such as sand control equipment, flow control device and other instrument, to finish the specific tasks in the well.Usually these devices are positioned in the pit shaft of finishing in cased hole completion or the barefoot completion.In cased hole completion, wellbore casing is placed in this pit shaft, and perforation forms and to pass this sleeve pipe and enter in the stratum, enters the flow path of pit shaft so that formation fluid such as hydrocarbon to be provided.In addition, in barefoot completion, production casing is placed in pit shaft inside, and does not have wellbore casing.The annular space that formation fluid is flowed through between stratum and the production casing enters this production casing.

[0005] regardless of well completion type, producing hydrocarbon from some stratum is that tool is challenging, because solid matter such as particle or the grains of sand and water can produce with the landing surface hydrocarbon.For instance, some stratum can comprise high pressure/high temperature reservoir, long intervals, weak consolidated formation and/or broken ground.Although the generation of solid particle can be controlled by common sand control technique, the generation of water may have problems, and this has significantly increased the cost of single well.That is to say that control may cause the well that turns round still less from the cost of the undesired gas on stratum and water.

[0006] as an example, cost may be with relevant from the generation of the undesired gas on some stratum and water.These costs may comprise and promote, carry the direct cost relevant with handling excess fluid and reduce the indirect cost of being correlated with productivity ratio reduction and the recovery of more expecting fluid such as hydrocarbon.According to one piece of paper of Seright etc., in the U.S., each barrel oil produces seven barrels of water, and in worldwide, each barrel oil produces three barrels of water.Referring to Seright etc., " A Strategyfor Attacking Excess Water Production ", SPE Permian Basin Oil and GasRecovery Conference, Midland, Texas (May 2001).The cost of handling water every year is estimated as 5,000,000,000 to 10,000,000,000 dollars in the U.S., is 40,000,000,000 dollars in worldwide.In addition, undesired gas may cause that the stratum is worth other loss.For instance, gas loses with may cause at high proportion the oil yield reduction or the reserves of oil.The extra cost relevant with the generation of not wanting gas may comprise the cost on reparation extruding stratum or the loss of gas flow flare tower.Therefore, may limit or stop the production of hydrocarbon from the undesired gas on stratum and the generation of water from the stratum.

[0007] same, inject to use and may stand various sections adjustment problems.For instance, in pressure kept using, unsteered injection profile may cause the interval in stratum to inject excessive or another interval injects not enough.In fact, excessive injection in addition may cause breaking through too early and nearby producing well produce undesired water or gas.In addition, well is handled another problem scope that application is the injection application.Handle application for these wells, utilize handling of fluids to handle some well condition effectively as the section adjustment of acid, tracer, scale preventative etc.Keep the section adjustment to lose efficacy and to cause excessive processing volume to increase cost, lost efficacy because well is handled.Therefore, may limit the effectiveness of injecting application from the undesired gas on stratum and the generation of water.

[0008] researched and developed and used the whole bag of tricks to reduce the flow of the water that produces with hydrocarbon from the stratum.These methods are usually directed to fluid is pumped in the stratum, and this fluid forms the water blocking material therein.For instance, U.S. Patent number 3,334,689 disclose a kind of sealing gushes method, and the aqueous solution that wherein comprises the polymerisable compound of unsaturated acrylate monomer of monoene key and crosslinking agent is injected into the product hydrocarbon ground layer segment that also produces water.Therefore this monomer and crosslinking agent form stable crosslinked gel in this stratum, reduced the water permeability on this stratum and therefore stop or reduced flow rate from the water on stratum at least.

[0009] U.S. Patent number 5,358, and 051 discloses another sealing gushes method.In this method, in the product water section on the stratum of containing hydrocarbon, form gel, produce from the stratum with reduction or anti-sealing.According to this method, the self-cross linking monomer that is selected from the hydroxyl beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds is by the polymerization in this stratum of suitable initator.

[0010] stratum that has utilized other method to reduce self-produced hydrocarbon of water and water produces, and described other method is utilized various other water blocking agent, comprises crosslinked gel, cement composition and various polymer.Yet such method only reduces the generation of water usually, and just is utilized after water has been invaded oil band in the stratum.Therefore, when the generation of water had become the problem that makes the running cost increase that separates and handle, these other methods just were utilized.

[0011] U.S. Patent number 6,109, and 350 disclose a kind of sealing gushes method, and it is undertaken by filling up interval with the granular solids that scribbles the organic polymer that expands when contacting water.This expansion has stoped water to flow through this filler.Yet, open through other medium make material that the time spent expands, with so polymer-coated well tool, make the expansion process reverse or have a mind to shrink particle, be used for sealing and gush purpose.

Summary of the invention

[0012] according to an aspect of the present invention, the method of a kind of change along the flow profile of completion length disclosed, it comprises with at least a excitation response material coated particle solid, wherein said at least a excitation response material exists expansion or contraction on the lower volume at least a exciting, wherein said at least a exciting mainly by the non-aqueous fluid of contact, change described at least a excitation response concentration of material, change the pH of the medium of the described at least a excitation response material of contact, change temperature, change electric current, the magnetic polarity that changes the medium of the described at least a excitation response material of contact is formed; And many granular solids that will be coated with described at least a excitation response material place near stratum or the stratum, and wherein the described many granular solids of at least a portion are applied a described at least a excitation response material.The expansion of described excitation response material or contraction can be reversible in the presence of at least a exciting.This granular solids can comprise one of the grains of sand of classification or gravel.This excitation response material can be at least a in crosslinked polyacrylamide, polyacrylate or other similar material.

[0013] in a kind of optional embodiment of the present invention, the method for a kind of change along the flow profile of completion length disclosed.This method comprises with at least a excitation response material coated particle solid, when wherein said at least a excitation response material excites when contact first volume expansion and when contact second excites volume contraction; And many granular solids that will be coated with described at least a excitation response material place near stratum or the stratum, and wherein the described many granular solids of at least a portion are applied a described at least a excitation response material.

[0014] in the 3rd embodiment of present technique, the method for a kind of change along the flow profile of completion length disclosed.This method comprises with at least a excitation response material coating at least a portion well equipment, volume expansion and contacting second volume contraction when exciting when wherein said excitation response material excites when contact first; And described at least a portion well equipment that will be coated with described at least a excitation response material places near stratum or the stratum.

[0015] in the 4th embodiment of present technique, the device of a kind of change along the flow profile of completion length disclosed.This device comprises the production tube of certain-length, it comprises well equipment and is placed in basically near in the well on stratum, wherein at least a portion well equipment is applied an at least a excitation response material, wherein said at least a excitation response material at least a excite to exist expand on the lower volume or shrink.

[0016] in the 5th embodiment of present technique, a kind of production well system that hydrocarbon is produced that is used for is disclosed.This system comprises near at least a excitation response material that places the enterable stratum of well or the stratum, volume expansion and contacting second volume contraction when exciting when wherein said excitation response material excites when contact first.

[0017] in the 6th embodiment of present technique, discloses a kind of passive type pit shaft and involved control device.This device comprises have at least one metering orifice tubular element of (flow orifice); The particle that contains the flow-control material, wherein said flow-control material expands in the presence of exciting and shrinks in the presence of exciting second first; On described at least one metering orifice or near flow-control material retainer, wherein said flow-control material be maintained on described at least one metering orifice or near, under swelling state, to allow first fluid to flow and under contraction state, to limit flowing of second fluid basically.

[0018] other illustrative embodiments of the present invention and advantage can be understood by reading present disclosure and accompanying drawing.

Description of drawings

[0019] after the detailed description and accompanying drawing of the non-limiting embodiment of the embodiment below the reading, present technique aforementioned advantages and other advantage can become obviously, wherein:

Fig. 1 illustrates the exemplary production system according to some aspect of present technique;

Fig. 2 illustrates traditional open-hole gravel pack (OHGP) of finishing at a plurality of layers of band, and wherein water produces from one of interval;

Fig. 3 A illustrates the various actions that excite following intelligent polymer (intelligent high polymer, intelligent polymer) different with 3B;

Fig. 4 illustrates the cross section of common screen section;

Fig. 5 illustrates screen casing OHGP under the operating condition in clarification salt solution and uses;

Fig. 6 illustrates screen casing and increases the weight of the application of the OHGP under the operating condition in the fluid system at solid;

Fig. 7 illustrates has screen casing/production of central tube annular space configuration, described annular pack the fluid sensitive material (piquid-sensitive material, fluid sensitive material) of cement gravel or expansion;

Fig. 8 illustrates in inner diameter of centerpipe (ID) lining and adds blanking plug, to control fluid inflow section and the restriction generation of not wanting fluid from the interval downstream;

Fig. 9 illustrates and add the straddle type assembly in central tube ID, to control fluid inflow section and the restriction generation of not wanting fluid from the interval upstream;

Figure 10 illustrates the minimizing as the estimation water content of well output function (water cut);

Figure 11 illustrates the netted screen casing that prevents water generates;

Figure 12 illustrates the perforation or the disk of coating, is used to limit the flow into pipe fitting;

Figure 13 A-13B illustrates in the original state that expands, do not stop up flow-control material in the configuration;

Figure 14 A-14B illustrates the state of a control of stopping up flow-control material in the configuration in demiinflation, part;

Figure 15 A-15B illustrates in the sealed condition of shrinking, stop up fully flow-control material in the configuration.

The specific embodiment

[0020] in the detailed description part below, the specific embodiment of present technique is in conjunction with preferred embodiment being described.Yet with regard to the specific embodiment or concrete use of following description specific to present technique, it is intended to just provide for illustrative purposes and only the description of illustrative embodiments.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the specific embodiment described below, but it comprises true spirit and interior all optional forms, change and the equivalent of scope that drops on claims.

[0021] turn to Fig. 1 now, elaboration be exemplary production system 100 according to some aspect of present technique.In this exemplary production system 100, floating production facilities 102 is connected to the subsea production tree 104 that is positioned at seabed 106.By this subsea production tree 104, floating production facilities 102 enters one or more stratum such as stratum 107, and it can comprise and contains hydrocarbon such as gentle a plurality of pay intervals or the location 108a-108n of oil.Advantageously, sand control equipment such as sand control equipment 138a-138n can be used to strengthen the production of hydrocarbon from pay interval 108a-108n.Yet, should be noted that this production system 100 is to set forth for the quilt of illustrative purpose, and the present invention can be used for from any seabed, platform or terrestrial location production or inject fluid.

[0022] floating production facilities 102 is configured to the hydrocarbon of monitoring and producing from the pay interval 108a-108n on stratum 107.Floating production facilities 102 can be the floating ship that can monitor from the production of the fluid of underwater well such as hydrocarbon.These fluids can be stored on the floating production facilities 102 and/or offer the oil tanker (not shown).In order to enter pay interval 108a-108n, floating production facilities 102 is connected on subsea production tree 104 and the control valve 110 by control umbilical 112.Control umbilical 112 can comprise with the hydrocarbon from subsea production tree 104 offer floating production facilities 102 production casing, waterpower or power equipment control valve and with pit shaft 114 in miscellaneous equipment control of communication cables.

[0023] in order to enter pay interval 108a-108n, pit shaft 114 penetrates seabed 106 and enter the degree of depth of docking with pay interval 108a-108n on the different intervals in pit shaft 114.Pay interval 108a-108n---it can be called as pay interval 108---can comprise each lithosphere or rock interval, and it may comprise hydrocarbon or may not comprise hydrocarbon and can be called as the location.Subsea production tree 104---it is positioned on the pit shaft 114 at 106 places, seabed---provides docking between pit shaft 114 equipment and the floating production facilities 102.Therefore, subsea production tree 104 can be connected on the tubing string 128 so that fluid flow path to be provided, and is connected on the control cables (not shown) so that the communication distance to be provided, and it can dock with the control umbilical 112 on the subsea production tree 104.

[0024] in pit shaft 114, production system 100 can also comprise provides the distinct device that enters pay interval 108a-108n.For instance, surface pipe post 124 can be installed on 106 times a certain positions of the mask body degree of depth, seabed from seabed 106.In surface pipe post 124, the wall that can be used for pit shaft 114 provides support for centre or production casing post 126---it can extend downward a certain degree of depth near pay interval 108---.Surface pipe post 124 and production casing post 126 can be glued to permanent position in the pit shaft 114 further to stablize pit shaft 114.In surface pipe post 124 and production casing post 126, tubing string 128 can be used for hydrocarbon and other fluid flow path by pit shaft 114 is provided.Along this flow path, subsurface safety 132 can be used under the situation that subsurface safety splits more than 132 or breaks blocking-up flowing from the fluid of tubing string 128.Further, packer 134a-134n can be used to the concrete area in the mineshaft annulus is isolated mutually.Packer 134a-134n can comprise outer sleeve packer such as SWELLPACKER ^TM(EasyWell Solutions) and MPAS-PACKER

(Baker Oil Tools), or any other be suitable for the packer of open hole well or cased hole, if suitable.

[0025] except the said equipment, miscellaneous equipment or instrument such as sand control equipment 138a-138n can be used to control particle and flow into tubing string 128.Sand control equipment 138a-138n---it can be called as sand control equipment 138 at this paper---can comprise slotted liner, independent screen casing (SAS), prefabricated sand filter, wire-wrapped screen, film screen casing, inflatable screen casing and/or wire screen.For illustrative purpose, sand control equipment 138 is described to have the slotted base pipe of wire-wrapped screen at this paper.In addition, around sand control equipment 138, gravel pack 140a-140n such as natural sand grains filling or frac-pack (frac pack) can be arranged to be provided for controlling the other mechanism that particle flows into tubing string 128.It is moving that sand control equipment 138 and gravel pack 140a-140n can be used to control from pay interval 108 to tubing string 128 hydrocarbon stream.

[0026] use the commercial gravel pack system of outside packer to obtain from the various sources that comprise Baker and Schlumberger.For instance, the BETABREAKER SYSTEM of Baker

Be used to open-hole gravel pack, and utilized the pack gravel around the screen casing that has the careful space of arranging, wherein the outer sleeve packer expands then and enters these void area.In addition, for instance, the MZ PACKER of Schlumberger

With ALTERNATE PATH

Technology (APT) is used together, isolates so that interval to be provided in the gravel pack completion of setting of casing well.

[0027] because there are the many different reasons of excessive water generation, the essence that excessive water produces is differentiated usually and different materials/method is used to handle the excessive water generation.Usually, be used to solve the method that excessive water produces and be divided into chemical method and mechanical means.For instance, a kind of mechanical means can comprise mechanical isolation, and it has used, and the bridge shape is husky stifled, staddle packer, oil pipe subsidy pipe, cement plug etc.Chemical method is usually directed to Gel Treatment.Gel in the Gel Treatment is usually by forming water-soluble organic polymer chemical crosslinking.Present technique can play a role in from undesired gas, water or the gas of a plurality of intervals and analogue in various application.For the generation of water, the example of traditional OHGP is shown in more detail among Fig. 2.

[0028] Fig. 2 illustrates the traditional OHGP well completion profile 200 in a plurality of intervals, and wherein water generates is from one of interval 205-207.Usually, in the gravel pack installation process, be used to guarantee effective placement of gravel pack 140a-140c along the permeability of first flow path 214.Yet, adopt standard screen casing 202-204, attempting isolating from the water yield formation section may be to have limited a little to flow as the flowing of interval 206 with inside plug 208.For instance, because the central tube pressure inside, flowing is diverted second flow path 216 from first flow path 214, and it passes the annular space that is positioned at blocking portion screen casing 203 outsides on every side and enters the bottom of screen casing 204 next parts.Mobile quilt slightly hinders, because the annular space between screen casing 202-204 and the central tube 210-212 provides second flow path 216 that passes pit shaft.That is to say that second flow path 216 can be utilized, because the pressure reduction in second flow path 216 is little and mobilely be not limited along this paths.Therefore, limit or eliminate this second, unrestrictedly the distance that flows is solved effectively by present technique.

[0029] therefore, some embodiments of present technique have been described with at least a excitation response material and have been changed along production on the well completion interval length or injection profile.Although the position of excitation response material and form can change along with the type (gas, water, oil, acid, emulsion and/or other handling of fluids) of the conformance control of the concrete condition of well configuration and expectation, but every kind of application by material interpolymer volume in the presence of exciting increase (expansion) or reduce (contractions) and change the pressure drop that longshore current moves distance and realize, described concentration, and the contacted medium pH of excitation response material, salinity or the variation of temperature of for example exciting; Electric current changes; Change in polarity with the contacted medium of excitation response material; With its any combination.In addition, excitation response material such as polymeric material can comprise crosslinked polyacrylamide or polyacrylate (being commonly called " water absorbent polymer " or " hydrogel ").In addition, the excitation response material can comprise the different granular solids that is used for the excitation response polymeric material, and a kind of preferred granular solids is the classification sand grains.

[0030] the excitation response polymeric material can be taked many common forms, and it comprises: whole particle; Grain coating; Apparatus assembly; The equipment coating; Valve member; The valve coating; The hole coating; Wellhead assembly, oil pipe, sleeve pipe, screen casing and inflow involve device coating; Fiber; And/or fiber coat.When being exposed to water concentration, hydrocarbon concentration, pH, salinity, variation of temperature; Electric current changes; When changing with the magnetic polarity of the contacted medium of excitation response polymeric material, the excitation response polymeric material of any one form can be reversibly and/or irreversibly expand or shrink in these forms.Some behaviors of material disclosed herein and the more profound explanation of kind are included in Toyoichi Tanaka at SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, and Vol 244, and among the paper GELS that delivers among the pp 124-138 (1981), it is introduced into this paper with way of reference.

[0031] for instance, shown in Fig. 3 A and 3B, intelligent polymer is shown with various configurations.In Fig. 3 A, intelligent polymer 302 is shown as the compressed configuration or first configuration 304, and introducing excites the back to be the expanded configuration or second configuration 306.This excites and can comprise temperature, solvent composition, pH, ion, electric field, ultraviolet light (UV) and lightweight specific molecular or chemicals and its variation of combination arbitrarily.The example of temperature transition can be seen in the chart 310 of Fig. 3 B.Chart 310 comprises response curve 312, and it provides the variation of intelligent polymer 302 with respect to volume axle 314 and temperature axis 316.Shown in response curve 312, have expanded configuration 306 under intelligent polymer 302 low temperature, wherein volume has slight variation along with temperature raises.Yet in transition temperature T transformation place, the volume of intelligent polymer 302 drops to compressed configuration 304.After surpassing transition temperature T transformation, along with temperature raises, the volume of intelligent polymer 302 continues to descend with a progressive speed along response curve 302.This volumetric change excites down at other and also may take place, as salinity; PH; Electric current; Or with the magnetic polarity of the contacted medium of excitation response polymeric material on variation.

[0032] aspect some of present technique, the response of the difference of excitation response material such as intelligent polymer 302 can be used to improve the operation of well.For instance, the assembly that is designed to expand when being exposed to various exciting has generally suppressed (minimizing) and has flowed, and this is to realize by the pressure drop that reduces the available cross-sectional area that flows and increase on the moving distance of longshore current.Particularly, water blockoff can be an application of present technique.In water blockoff is used, when being exposed to water under certain conditions, comprise the particles filled of inflatable (excitation response) particle of water or coated particle, expand and reduce by particles filled flowing.This is particles filled applicable to gravel pack, frac-pack, prefabricated sand filter and other.In other is used, when being exposed to water under certain conditions, have by the excitation response polymer and constitute or be coated with the key area (using " expansion is closed ") that the mechanical device of the aperture member of excitation response polymer expands and reduces to flow, and therefore reduced and passed the mobile of this device.This is applicable to that various device is as flowing into control appliance (ICD), slotted liner slot (by the slot face coat), pre-perforation screen casing (by the perforation face coat) and other throttle device.

[0033] during still other is used at some, comprise the gel of excitation response polymer moieties or carry liquid and can be injected into and enter and produce the water area, this polymeric material expands, bridging plug leakages/passage/pore throat, and reduce the permeability in product water area effectively.This application can be used in the following situation: the casing leak under the throttling, flow behind the pipe under the throttling, the natural frac system in the fracturing that causes by the aquifer, guiding aquifer, cause that the bidimensional that forms the single pressure break in duct between the well bores into, have the barefoot completion or the cased hole completion of sand control.

[0034] as the example of this function, a kind of embodiment of present technique has reduced undesired fluid (gas/water) in production application, in pressure maintenance and water filling application, change injection profile, and in chemical treatment is used, make the processing transfer to improve treatment effeciency with raising pressure support and sweep efficiency.

[0035] yet, when being exposed to various exciting, the assembly that is designed to shrink can improve (increases) by the required comparatively large cross-sectional area (corresponding less pressure drop) that produce to flow and flow, perhaps owing to become after reducing size and move freely and more effectively stop up mobile position by hole (valve, pore throat, duct, base) to suppress (minimizing) mobile by position (usually along flow direction) being become smaller szie wherein.The expansion of polymer can be automatic or passive, because expansion can be controlled by the equilibrium process that can be dependent on local water concentration.These systems produce real time reaction to environmental change, provide the fluid flow section dynamically and automatically to change.It has the position specificity, be subjected to the control of local environment because expand, and any volumetric change only occurs in those zones that experience enough environmental changes.It is reversible, because if condition is recovered from triggering environment, the expansion process is reversed, and recovers original flow condition.Expand or shrink also and can be reversed owing to introducing in this environment excites second of expansion or contraction process reverse.This introducing can be the result that the operator intervenes or wellbore environment changes.

[0036] for instance, Fig. 4 illustrates the cross section of typical screen section, and it can be the cross section of one of sand control equipment 138a-138n.In a kind of embodiment of this method, annularly flow district 408 usefulness throttling (excitation response) filled with material between central tube 402, screen casing 404 and the support rod 406.This throttling material can comprise any one of material that several commerce can get, and its existence is used to limit or stop up flowing of 408 li in annular flow district.Because various gravel pack technology are arranged, preferable material can have the application specificity.Material selects to comprise that elastic body---it is configured to expand for fixed sand and fluid sensitivity after contacting the fluid of not expecting, and water/air-sensitive sensitive polymeric gel.

[0037] the responsive expanding material of fluid can be used in the application that screen casing moves in mud system or brine system, and chemical property can be changed fully differently with formation water in these systems.In the time of operation screen casing and pumping gravel, this material can remain on unswollen state, provides enough flow area to place gravel pack.After the filling, be exposed to the enough time of particular fluid, this material expands to stop up annular space.When undesired fluid occurred, blanking plug and straddle type plug can be set at internal diameter (ID) lining of central tube, impel the annularly flow district 408 of flowing through filling.

[0038] can not be designed to be fully not simultaneously being exposed to gravel and this brine system of not wanting fluid to produce in the clarification brine system of response when being filled in polymer wherein, consolidated gravel pack sand can be used to throttling (by the variation of the medium pH, salinity, inhibitor or other condition that contact with the excitation response material).When not wanting fluid to occur, blanking plug and straddle type plug can be set in the ID of central tube, impel to flow through the annularly flow district 408 that gravel is filled.

[0039] for illustrative purpose, several preferred implementations are described in different application, for example by well completion design shutoff water or gas in sand control completion: the excitation response particle; By well completion design shutoff water or gas: the excitation response coating; Inject shutoff water by fluid; With by well completion design shutoff water or gas: flow into control appliance.Therefore, the embodiment that will be described in greater detail below only is the illustrative embodiment of present technique under the different application.

A) by well completion design shutoff water or gas in sand control completion: the excitation response particle

[0040] in these embodiments, the well run duration before completion is installed, water or gas enter expects.Therefore, this embodiment can be used to natural sand grains and fill well completion type, open-hole gravel pack well completion type or cased hole gravel pack completion type.

Embodiment 1:

[0041] this illustrative embodiments is based on this notion: will flow from little " normally " radial flow of pressure drop (from sand face, pass gravel pack, pass screen casing) turn to into the much bigger restricted linear flow distance of passing the outside annular space of screen casing of pressure drop, it can further be explained with reference to figure 7.This embodiment needs a kind of method, will be in the flow path separation in the two of sand face or sleeve pipe-gravel packing screen annular space (sand face or casing-by-gravel packscreen annulus) and gravel packing screen-central tube annular space (gravel packscreen-by-base pipe annulus).Blocking in these annular spaces any one allows to use stopper and/or straddle packers to control productions (or injection) section in internal diameter (ID) lining of central tube.The method of this obstruction flow path comprises with fixed sand compound (comprise the excitation response polymeric beads of certain mark or be coated with the gravel of excitation response polymer) or other fluid (hydrocarbon or water) sensitive material, and---it is designed to expand when by suitable fluid/gas contact and stop up this space---fills up these spaces.

Embodiment 2:

[0042] a kind of optional illustrative embodiment comprises and pumps into many granular solids, wherein first comprises the particle that is coated with the polymer that expands in the presence of formation water, and wherein second portion comprises the particle that is coated with the polymer of " contraction " when contact crude oil.This " double acting " gravel is filled the permeability that can improve the produce oil shaft area and is reduced the permeability of producing well tube zone.

[0043] illustrative embodiments of describing in

embodiment

1 and 2 can be used in any gravel pack application, and its cobblestone is closely filled and this gravel pack does not have the space basically.By guaranteeing to force the gravel pack of flowing and passing hypotonicity, in gravel pack, eliminate the space or be added on the excitation response particle that expands in the presence of the water and eliminated the not annular flow distance of restriction.Flowing velocity is subjected to the length of flow path, the permeability of gravel pack and mobile cross-sectional area control so.Open hole well and cased hole gravel pack are used---and it adopts ALTERNATE PAT arbitrarily

, by-pass tube or pressure break filling technique---guarantee for the tight gravel pack that realizes having the space provides maximum.The more embodiment that further describe these application are provided among Fig. 5-9.

1) configuration is installed---the gravel pack (" GP ") with the sand control equipment that moves in clarification salt solution is used, and wherein sand control equipment has screen casing

[0044] Fig. 5 has set forth exemplary OHGP embodiment, and wherein sand control equipment moves in clarification salt solution.In this embodiment, present technique is used in 506 li in the screen casing that forms in the sand control equipment 138b/central tube annular space, and described sand control equipment 138b is filled with glued gravel such as fixed sand 510 in advance.Sand control equipment 138a-138c---wherein each comprises sand grains screen casing 502a-502c and central tube 504a-504c---is set to 114 li in pit shaft with clarification salt solution in a conventional manner.Each sand control equipment 138a-138c and different interval 108a-108c such as pay interval 108a and 108c and unproductive interval 108b associated.During the gravel placement process, gravel slurry---its can comprise carry liquid and gravel 508---is pumped in the annular space 512 that forms between pit shaft 114 and the screen casing 502a-502c.The liquid that carries in the gravel slurry leaks in the stratum or passes screen casing 502a-502c and be returned to the surface, and gravel 508 is filled to form gravel pack 140a-140c against screen casing 502a-502c.In order to limit optional flow path, sand control equipment 138b is the fixed sand 510 of pre-filling between screen casing 502b and central tube 504b.In this configuration, compare with other common sand control equipment, the fixed sand 510 of the pre-filling in sand control equipment 138b can increase pump pressure.In addition, during installation process, the pressure around the pre-filling part of fixed sand 510 increases little, because radial flow area is big and radial thickness is little, i.e. and 1 inch mark.

2) configuration being installed---the GP that has the sand control equipment that moves in containing solid mud uses, and wherein sand control equipment has screen casing

[0045] Fig. 6 illustrates exemplary OHGP embodiment, and wherein sand control equipment increases the weight of to move in fluid system such as the oil-base mud at solid.In this embodiment---it can comprise each assembly of Fig. 5, and present technique is used in screen casing/central tube annular space of sand control equipment 138b, and described sand control equipment 138b is filled with the not fluid sensitive material 602 of expanded configuration in advance.After the installation, this fluid sensitive material 602---it can be the excitation response material---is in not expanded configuration, to provide unconfined distance between resting period at gravel.Therefore, between resting period, the gravel 510 that carries the liquid part as gravel is pumped in the annular space that forms between pit shaft 114 and the screen casing 502a-502c at gravel, to form gravel pack 140a-140c.Gravel carries liquid and enters interval 108a-108c or pass screen casing 502a-502c, and returns the surface, makes dehydration gravel nestle up screen casing 502a-502c precipitation.After gravel was placed, fluid sensitive material 602 expanded when it contacts undesired fluid such as water, to fill and to clog by screen casing 502b and the formed annular space 506 of central tube 504b.Therefore, fluid sensitive material 602 can be used to provide fluid communication path, and up to exciting as not wanting fluid contact excitation response material 602, this moment, this material 602 expanded, and has therefore suppressed to pass flowing of annular space 506 to small part.

3) produce configuration---the ID of restriction of the screen casing/central tube annular space of restriction-not

[0046] Fig. 7 illustrates such production configuration, and wherein screen casing/central tube annular space 506 is filled with excitation response material 702, and it can be fixed sand 510 shown in Figure 5 or the fluid sensitive material 602 that is in expanded configuration.Therefore, this figure can be by in the lump with reference to figure 5 and 6 and understood best.In this embodiment, the flow resistance of passing excitation response material 702 increases, because the annular space between screen casing 502b and the central tube 504b is filled and blocks (be that excitation response material 702 expands, blocked enter flowing of central tube 504b).Therefore, continue to enter separately

central tube

504a and 504c at the flow path 704 and 706 of the fluid of interval 108a and 108c.Yet, along pit shaft 114 axial flow, arrive another

sand control equipment

138a or 138c up to it at the flow path 708 of the fluid of pay interval 108b.This flow path 708 can be limited, because the differential pressure of the moving distance 708 of longshore current may be enough mobile to hinder greatly.Therefore, fluid (undesired or want) can directly flow into

central tube

502a and 502c from interval 108b.

4) produce configuration---the ID of the screen casing/central tube annular space-restriction of restriction

[0047] Fig. 8 illustrates stopper is joined sand control equipment 138b inside, to control fluid inflow section and the restriction generation of not wanting fluid from first interval or downstream interval.Therefore, this figure can be by being understood with reference to figure 5-7 in the lump best.In this embodiment, stopper 802 is used in the inside of central tube 502b internal diameter to change and flows into section.By stopper 802 is installed, can flows from the fluid flow path 804,806 and 808 of each

interval

108a, 108b and 108c and to pass annular space between pit shaft 114 and the sand grains screen casing 502a-502c.Therefore, fluid flow path 804 can be relatively unrestricted, and fall owing to the differential pressure of passing

gravel pack

140b and 140c, and

fluid flow path

806 and 808 can be restricted.Therefore, stopper 802 and excitation response material 702 can be used to block or limit flowing from the interval 138c-138n below the sand control equipment 138b.

[0048] Fig. 9 illustrates straddle type assembly 902 is added in the internal diameter of central tube 502a and 502b.Straddle type assembly 902 is used to control fluid and flows into section and restriction and do not want fluid to produce from second or upstream interval such as interval 108a.Straddle type assembly 902 comprises two stoppers and is installed in the interior a part of pipe of central tube 502a-502c.Straddle type assembly 902 has been installed, from 904,906 and 908 sand control equipment 138c that are diverted in the interval of downstream of fluid flow of interval 108a-108c separately.Therefore, fluid flow path 908 can relatively be unrestricted, and falls owing to the differential pressure of passing

gravel pack

140a and 140b, and

fluid flow path

904 and 906 can be limited.Therefore, in central tube 502a-502b, use traditional stoppers/straddle type plug and combining of present technique that the flexibility of control flow profile is provided.

[0049] stop up this optional distance and force mobile annular space filling of passing the screen section or the sand control equipment of whole length, it can cause the more low rate from the water yield formation section.The degree of conformance control is the function of Several Factors, and described factor includes but not limited to the output of flow path length, permeability and area and pay interval.In some applications, for medium and high-throughput well, about 90% or more water content to reduce be possible.

[0050] for instance, Figure 10 is for simple application, and the water content of estimation (water cut) reduces the schematic diagram as the function of well output.In this chart---with reference number 1000 expression, the conventional value of filler permeability and area is used and the flow path length supposed is 40ft (standard screen length of tube no better than) at this paper for it.The flow distribution that is assumed to homogeneous for this chart 1000; Area A is 100% oil; Area B is 100% water; Kpack is 100 darcies (darcies); A (cross-sectional flow area) is 331ft ²L (sand control equipment length) is 40ft and 20ft; Oil viscosity is 0.6cp (centipoise); With the viscosity of water be 1.0cp.Based on these supposition, each response curve 1006-1008 is shown with respect to water content axle 1002 and the production index (productivity index) axle 1004.

[0051] in Figure 10, unrestricted water content response curve 1006 is based on does not have any flow control mechanism that adds as percent moisture in the pit shaft of the output of use excitation response material 702.This percent moisture does not change for different throughput rates, but is constant basically for the various levels of production.Yet, if sand control equipment reduces the interior percent moisture of pit shaft that response curve 1007 is based on this output so as the L that the sand control equipment 138b with excitation response material 702 has 20ft.Along with the output along production index axle 1004 increases, the use of excitation response material 702 has reduced along the percent moisture of water content axle 1002.Similarly, if sand control equipment is increased to the L with 40ft, reduce the interior percent moisture of pit shaft that response curve 1008 is based on the production index so.For response curve 1008, the increase of the length that the use of excitation response material 702 and fluid must pass along optional flow path has reduced percent moisture.

[0052] shown in these response curves, the adding length of excitation response material 702 and sand control equipment has increased the hydrocarbon production that comes artesian well.For low throughput rate, sand control equipment is long more, and throughput rate is big more, because be reduced from the water generates of interval.This production increase is shown by the difference between response curve 1007 and 1008.Yet along with throughput rate increases, sand control equipment length does not provide the throughput rate increase so big increase.In any case, excitation response material 702 has increased the level of production owing to reducing percent moisture, as

response curve

1007 and 1008 with unrestrictedly shown in the difference between the water content response curve 1006.

Embodiment 3: natural sand grains is filled (NSP)

[0053] in optional embodiment, sand control screen can also not be mounted when having gravel pack.In these were installed, As time goes on, the production along with well was filled in the annular space from the not agglutination sand on stratum.As long as in that excitation response particle or material and section control are installed according to present technique is that this natural sand grains is filled does not have the space between the favourable interval, present technique can be to be used to control inflow section with the similar mode of above-mentioned discussion.

B) by well completion design shutoff water or gas: the excitation response coating

[0054] in these embodiments, well run duration before completion is installed, water or gas enter expects.These embodiment also can be used to natural sand grains and fill well completion type, open-hole gravel pack well completion type or cased hole gravel pack completion type.

Embodiment 4:

[0055] present technique also can be used to and will flow from " normally " radial flow (promptly from sand face, pass gravel pack, pass the sand grains screen casing)---wherein pressure drop is little---turn to the restricted linear flow distance of the annular space that becomes to pass the bigger sand grains screen casing outside of wherein pressure drop.For with this flow divert, the excitation response material coating can utilize at the intelligent polymer or the intelligent high polymer (intelligent or smart polymers) that expand in the presence of the formation water and form on the sand grains screen casing.On this excitation response material coating can be placed on the wire segments of screen casing to small part, on the rib of screen casing or arbitrarily in the combination.The embodiment of this embodiment is presented among Figure 11.Figure 11 illustrates the expansion of the intelligent polymer coating 1102 between the rib 1104 of sand grains screen casing 1106, and described sand grains screen casing 1106 can be the part of sand control equipment 138a-138n.Intelligent polymer coating 1102 is used to hinder or eliminate in the internal diameter that water enters tubing string or sand control equipment central tube 1108.In addition, the intelligent polymer coating also can cover part or all of expose portion of rib, wire gauze screen sections or central tube mesopore.For instance, the intelligent polymer coating can cover and depart from the sand grains screen casing zone that the stratigraphic interval of water is produced in expection.

Embodiment 5:

[0056] the optional embodiment of excitation response coating can cover the surface around the perforation on the pre-perforated liners, perhaps covering on such special pipe fitting surface---described special pipe fitting comprises and has the disk that is coated with the hole, and described disk is placed in the screen casing inside of sand control equipment 138a-138n shown in Figure 1.Hole in the disk or eyelet can provide the pipe fitting with a plurality of pour points, and it is displayed in Figure 12.Figure 12 illustrates the perforation or the disk of coating, is used to limit the flow into pipe fitting.In this embodiment, demonstration is the disk 1200 with one or more holes 1202.Each appliedly has excitation response coating such as an intelligent polymer coating 1204 in these holes 1202.Along with water content increases, the intelligent polymer that the intelligent polymer coating is 1204 li may expand and be full of perforation or hole 1202, to reduce water generates.In one embodiment, disk 1200 can be positioned in the tubular element inside between the pay interval 108.This application can be blocked and produce water or other the pit shaft entire portion that excites that activates intelligent polymer coating 1204.

[0057] advantageously, the excitation response material coating and in the above-mentioned sand grains discussed is used the excitation response material use can any one be all more effective than independent use.This method that is used to block the flow path that gravel fills comprises with fixed sand grains compound (comprise a part of excitation response polymeric beads or be coated with the gravel of excitation response material such as intelligent polymer) or other fluid (hydrocarbon or water) sensitive material, and---it is designed to when contacting suitable fluids/gases expansion and stops up this space---fills up these spaces.

Embodiment 6:

[0058] the excitation response material can also be adjusted or designed to expanding in the presence of methane gas or free reservoir gas.These intelligent polymer particles or coating can replace water-responsive polymer or associating water-responsive polymer and being used.For instance, the screen casing of more close water layer section or contact zone can appliedly have the water expandable polymer (promptly, perhaps be filled the inflatable filler of water), and the screen casing of more close gas-bearing formation section or contact zone can appliedly have gas expandable polymer (promptly or be filled the inflatable filler of gas).By this way, the pneumatic jack in the various well types is broken through or awl advances to enter pit shaft by the restriction free gas and controls.

C) inject shutoff water by fluid

When [0059] entering (be unnecessary or be under the situation of forbidding economically in that conformance control is incorporated in the completion) when existing well completion design can not alleviate water, this is suitable for.This also is suitable for when existing circulation water to enter, and is applicable to multiple well completion type.

Embodiment 7: conformance control

[0060] this illustrative embodiments can comprise the water sensitive polymer gel, and it has non-water and carries liquid in injecting program.In this non-water environment, polymer gel (being generally sphere/particle form) remains on and shrinks or compressed configuration, and this can allow this polymer gel to enter pin hole, cement raceway groove, natural/as to induce crack or pore throat.When the light formation water of polymer gel contact during to little salty formation water, this polymer gel is expanded to expanded configuration, and it can be 10 to 100 times of initial volume, stopping up the path, and produces the hypotonicity area.This processing can reduce the flowability of water in water yield formation section or the area.

[0061] in optional embodiment, understanding under the hydrochemical situation in stratum, water carries liquid and can be used under following situation: 1) be designed to be insensitive to these conditions if it has ion concentration significantly different with formation water or pH and excitation response polymer; 2) if polymer coating has the fluid external diffusion barrier layer in place that delays effectively to expand up to injecting; Perhaps 3) if polymer just injects fluid and is activated under downhole temperature after the enough time in place making.Therefore, by understanding the formation water chemistry, carry liquid or pre-coated polymer gel and can be optimised for and remain on contraction state (being unswollen state), it can reduce the premature expansion of this polymer gel.

[0062] when pumping into this treatment fluid with the generation of minimizing excessive water, polymer gel passed the pin hole in the sleeve pipe, cement raceway groove, crack or the pore throat of sleeve pipe back before being expanded to expanded configuration.If this polymer gel is used to these leakage/raceway grooves of isolation/bridging plug/crack/permeable formation, the size of polymer gel expanded configuration can be used to carry out effectively this function.Generally speaking, this polymer gel is sized to than the width of pinhole diameter, cement raceway groove in the sleeve pipe or produces pore throat size about 1/7 little on water stratum, passes guaranteeing.

[0063] leak and the hole dimension of raceway groove can pass through packer permeability test (pump-in test) quantitative definite.For leakage that does not have flow restriction or raceway groove, traditional squeeze method can be the effective solution of the cost of this problem.Cement raceway groove (less than 1/16 inch) for the leakage with flow restriction (less than 1/8 inch pin hole) and after having the pipe of flow restriction, the use of polymer gel can be a method for optimizing of handling this problem.Advance problem for awl, the pore throat Size Distribution may be favourable in the understanding stratum.For application-specific, this information can be used for selecting " size " or configuration polymer gel.Core analysis data or the test of injection well absorptive capacity can provide this information.In addition, in any single pumping operation, the size of polymer gel may increase along with the carrying out of operation.The operator can start this operation by pumping into the minimum polymer gel (micron is to sub-micron) that can at first prepare.This should allow these gels to penetrate as far as reservoir and pass minimum pore throat.Along with the operator increases the size (diameter) of this gel, the operator has improved the possibility of the pore throat that final obstruction increases continuously.Understand this process that helps that is distributed with of pore throat diameter.Because polymer gel is designed to expand when the contact formation water, the backflow of well can activate polymer gel.This allows formation water to contact better and the expanded polymer gel.One of prerequisite of this embodiment is based on such hypothesis: gel can withstand or be enough strong with opposing pressure drop caused " shearing " power relevant with production.

Embodiment 8The gravel pack of :-be used for pressure maintenance or water filling is injected and is used

[0064] section control can be used to produce and inject and use.Changing gas or hydraulic pressure keeps the injection profile in the application normally favourable to involve the interval of before having walked around.The injection well of enough gravel packs is being installed, and present technique can be used to limit the fluid volume that is injected in the interval upstream and downstream, to improve sweep efficiency and previous pressure support of injecting in the not enough interval.

Embodiment 9Chemically treated gravel pack of :-be used for is injected and is used

[0065] some embodiments of present technique can be of value to and the processing chemical agent is placed on producing well and injects well and use.In addition, packer and straddle type plug can be used to temporarily limit handling of fluids and enter interval, and be desired with the purpose that reduces processing cost as improving treatment effeciency or reducing the processing volume.

Embodiment 10:-be used to improved the application that (acid diversion) shifted in acid

[0066] classification water and the pH sensitive polymer gel that has an acid preflush can be used in this illustrative embodiments.Under low pH (less than 3) environment, polymer gel remains on shrink form or compressed configuration to enter pore throat.When this polymer gel contacts with water or higher pH fluid, this polymer gel expand/be expanded to 10 to 100 times of initial volume, bridging plug is lived pore throat and is produced the hyposmosis district.This acidizer turns to petroleum zone from water-bearing zone then.When well was got back to production, same process also reduced the water flowability in the water generates layer.

[0067] when inorganic agent being pumped into when reducing the permeability in water generates area, polymer gel can pass pore throat before expanding.If polymer gel will reduce the permeability of water-bearing zone, they can enter pore structure, " bridging plug (bridge off) " pore throat then expands.In order to strengthen this operation, can measure pore throat size distribution in this stratum.This information can be used to determine the size of polymer gel, so that pump into to reduce the permeability in water generates area.Core analysis data or the test of injection well absorptive capacity can provide this information once more.In addition, any single pumping in the operation, the operator can slowly increase the polymer gel size during operation.The operator can start this operation by at first pumping into minimum available gel (micron is to sub-micron).This should allow these polymer gels to penetrate more to be deep to reservoir and pass minimum pore throat.Along with size (diameter) increase of polymer gel, the possibility of the pore throat that final bridging plug increases continuously increases.Therefore, this process has been strengthened in the distribution of understanding the pore throat diameter.Because polymer gel is designed to expand when the contact formation water, well can reflux before pumping into well stimulation.This allows formation water to contact and the expansion gel before actual well stimulation.The transfer that strengthens when polymer gel expands/be expanded to 100 to 1000 times of initial volume under the compressed configuration can realize.One of prerequisite of this embodiment is based on this hypothesis: polymer gel enough pumps into well stimulation caused " shearing " power with opposing by force.

D) by well completion design shutoff water or gas: flow into control appliance

When [0068] following water or gas entered before being expected at the completion installation, some embodiments of present technique can be used, and this also is applicable to and flows into the compatible well completion type of control appliance.

[0069] this pit shaft involve method by material volumetric change with passively (as, do not have activity to involve the discriminating and the intervention of problem) provide pit shaft to involve.This passive flux control appliance is formed by three usually: the improved production pipe fitting with mobile channel or hole; Flow-control material or excitation response material, it is not wanting to produce expansion and/or contraction in the presence of the fluid; With flow-control material fixator.Therefore, these difformities are presented among following Figure 13 A-B, 14A-B and the 15A-B.

[0070] original state of flow-control material or compressed configuration are in a kind of limiting volume state (as, expansion ethylene, propylene (EPDM) ball in the hydrocarbon fluid).Figure 13 A-B illustrates the original state of the flow-control material that is in the expansion, does not stop up configuration.Figure 13 B is the vertical view of flow orifice, and it does not have particle 1304 and comprises shadow region 1320, and described shadow region has shown the contact area between particle 1304 and the hole 1306.In this embodiment 1300, produce pipe fitting 1302 and be modified, make the original state of flow-control material in the seal 1306 such as expansion EPDM particle or ball 1304 not hinder reservoir and flow into or the channel 1308 that flows.EPDM ball 1304 is in swelling state, and wherein hydrocarbon flows into along flow path 1310 and produces pipe fitting 1302.

[0071] after water or another excited introducing, EPDM ball 1304 can begin to become another configuration or state, shown in Figure 14 A-B.Figure 14 A-B illustrate be in demiinflation, part is stopped up the state of a control of the flow-control material of configuration.In this embodiment 1400---it can comprise the element that is similar to Figure 13 A-B discussion, and EPDM particle or ball 1402 are in the demiinflation configuration.EPDM ball 1402---it is in hydrocarbon fluid---can expand and reduce fluid flowing to the channel 1308 that flows when being exposed to water.This reversible volumetric change has been controlled flowing of the mobile channel that passes the improved production pipe fitting and hole.Therefore, EPDM ball 1402 is in swelling state, and wherein hydrocarbon and water flow into along flow path 1404 and produces pipe fitting 1302.

[0072] in the end in the configuration, Figure 15 A-B illustrates and is in contraction, stops up the sealed condition of the flow-control material of configuration fully.1500 li of this embodiments, other excites or water can contact EPDM particle or ball 1502, makes it be reduced into compressive state.The volumetric change of EPDM ball 1502 can be stopped up the fluid distance 1504 that enters the channel 1308 that flows.Therefore, EPDM ball 1502 can shutoff enters flowing of the fluid of producing pipe fitting 1302.

[0073] for the hydrocarbon expanded polymer, EPDM is the elastic body with following characteristic: have heat-resisting quantity for the peroxide cure rank; Hot water, steam, xeothermic and ozone had good repellence; Hydraulic fluid, inhibitor, biocide and other processing chemicals had good repellence; Good H ₂The S repellence; Cost is low; Hydrocarbon had low repellence (expand and take place) but and-60 to 300 operating temperature range.

[0074] though technology of the present invention can allow various changes and optional form, only shows above-mentioned illustrative embodiments by way of example.Yet, should understand once more, the present invention also is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiment disclosed herein.In fact, technology of the present invention falls into all optional forms, change and equivalent within the spirit and scope of the invention that appended claims limits with covering.

Claims

1. a change is along the method for the flow profile on the well length, and described method comprises:

With at least a excitation response material coated particle solid, wherein said at least a excitation response material exists lower volume to expand or shrinks at least a exciting, wherein saidly at least aly excite mainly by the non-aqueous fluid of contact, change described at least a excitation response concentration of material, change the medium of the described at least a excitation response material of contact pH, change temperature, change electric current, the magnetic polarity that changes the medium of the described at least a excitation response material of contact forms; With

Many granular solids are placed near stratum or the stratum, and wherein the described many granular solids of at least a portion are applied a described at least a excitation response material.

2. method according to claim 1, wherein the expansion of described at least a excitation response material or contraction are reversible in the presence of at least a exciting.

3. method according to claim 1, wherein said granular solids comprise in classification sand grains, gravel and its any combination a kind of.

4. method according to claim 1, it comprises that the optional path technology of use is placed described many granular solids, transmission is excited to described excitation response material or its any combination.

5. method according to claim 1, it comprises from described well produces hydrocarbon.

6. a change is along the method for the flow profile on the well length, and described method comprises:

With at least a excitation response material coated particle solid, wherein said at least a excitation response material when by first excitation volume expansion and when by second excitation volume contraction; With

7. method according to claim 6, wherein said at least a exciting comprises that aqueous fluid, non-aqueous fluid, salinity change, described at least a excitation response concentration of material changes, pH variation, variations in temperature, the electric current of the medium of the described at least a excitation response material of contact change, the magnetic polarity of the medium of the described at least a excitation response material of contact is at least a in changing.

8. method according to claim 6, wherein said granular solids comprise in classification sand grains, gravel and its any combination a kind of.

9. method according to claim 6, wherein said at least a excitation response material are that ethylene, propylene, crosslinked polyacrylamide, polyacrylate and its are at least a in combination arbitrarily.

10. method according to claim 6, it comprises that the optional path technology of use is placed described many granular solids, transmission is excited to excitation response material or its any combination.

11. method according to claim 6, it comprises from described well produces hydrocarbon.

12. a change is along the method for the flow profile on the completion length, it comprises:

With at least a excitation response material coating at least a portion well equipment, wherein said excitation response material when by first excitation volume expansion and when by second excitation volume contraction; With

The described at least a portion well equipment that is coated with described at least a excitation response material is placed near stratum or the stratum.

13. method according to claim 12, wherein said at least a excite comprise that described at least a excitation response concentration of material changes, pH variations of the medium of the described at least a excitation response material of contact, salinity variation, variations in temperature, electric current change, the magnetic polarity of the medium of the described at least a excitation response material of contact changes and it is at least a in making up arbitrarily.

14. method according to claim 12, wherein the expansion and the contraction of described at least a excitation response material are reversible in the presence of described at least a exciting.

15. method according to claim 12, wherein said well equipment comprise that valve member, valve coating, hole coating, wellhead assembly, oil pipe, sleeve pipe, screen casing, inflow involve in equipment coating and the fiber at least a.

16. method according to claim 12, wherein said at least a excitation response material are at least a in ethylene-propylene, crosslinked polyacrylamide and the polyacrylate.

17. a device that changes the flow profile on the completion length, it comprises:

The production tube of certain-length, it comprises well equipment and is placed in basically near in the well on stratum, wherein the described well equipment of at least a portion is applied an at least a excitation response material, and wherein said at least a excitation response material exists lower volume to expand or shrinks at least a exciting.

18. device according to claim 17, wherein said at least a excite comprise that described at least a excitation response concentration of material changes, pH variations of the medium of the described at least a excitation response material of contact, salinity variation, variations in temperature, electric current change, the magnetic polarity of the medium of the described at least a excitation response material of contact changes and it is at least a in making up arbitrarily.

19. device according to claim 17, wherein the expansion and the contraction of described at least a excitation response material are reversible in the presence of described at least a exciting.

20. device according to claim 17, wherein said well equipment comprise that valve member, valve coating, hole coating, wellhead assembly, oil pipe, sleeve pipe, screen casing, inflow involve in equipment coating and the fiber at least a.

21. device according to claim 17, wherein said at least a excitation response material are at least a in ethylene-propylene, crosslinked polyacrylamide and the polyacrylate.

22. one kind is used for the production well system that hydrocarbon is produced, it comprises:

At least a excitation response material, it is placed in the stratum that well enters or near the stratum, and wherein said at least a excitation response material is when exciting when contacting volume expansion with first and when exciting volume contraction when contacting with second.

23. system according to claim 22, wherein said at least a excitation response material is coated on the solid particle.

24. system according to claim 22, at least a portion that wherein said at least a excitation response material is used as in many solid particles is placed in the described well.

25. system according to claim 22, wherein said at least a excitation response material is coated on a part of well equipment that places in the described well.

26. system according to claim 25, wherein said well equipment comprises that valve member, valve coating, hole coating, wellhead assembly, oil pipe, sleeve pipe, screen casing, inflow involve equipment coating and fiber.

27. system according to claim 22, wherein the expansion of described at least a excitation response material and contraction are reversible in the presence of at least a exciting.

28. system according to claim 22, wherein saidly at least aly excite mainly by non-aqueous fluid, change described at least a excitation response concentration of material, change the medium of the described at least a excitation response material of contact pH, change temperature, change electric current, the magnetic polarity that changes the medium of the described at least a excitation response material of contact forms.

29. system according to claim 22, wherein said at least a excitation response material is at least a in ethylene-propylene, crosslinked polyacrylamide and the polyacrylate.

30. a passive type pit shaft involves control device, it comprises:

Tubular element, it has at least one metering orifice;

The particle that comprises the flow-control material, wherein said flow-control material expands in the presence of exciting and shrinks in the presence of exciting second first;

Flow-control material fixator, its on described at least one metering orifice or near, wherein said flow-control material be maintained on described at least one metering orifice or near, under swelling state, to allow first fluid to flow and under contraction state, to limit flowing of second fluid basically.

31. device according to claim 30, wherein said first fluid are that hydrocarbon and described second fluid are water.

32. device according to claim 30, wherein said flow-control material is an ethylene-propylene.

33. device according to claim 30, wherein said coating of particles are spherical.