CN101528568A - Bulk material handling system and control - Google Patents
Bulk material handling system and control Download PDFInfo
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- CN101528568A CN101528568A CNA200780038577XA CN200780038577A CN101528568A CN 101528568 A CN101528568 A CN 101528568A CN A200780038577X A CNA200780038577X A CN A200780038577XA CN 200780038577 A CN200780038577 A CN 200780038577A CN 101528568 A CN101528568 A CN 101528568A
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Abstract
A bulk material handling system includes a bulk material handling apparatus to convey bulk material and a bulk material handling accessory to aid the bulk material handling apparatus in conveying the bulk material. The bulk material handling accessory includes a controller having one or more sensors. The controller generates a control signal to adjust operation of the bulk material handling accessory based upon at least one status signal of the one or more sensors. The controller also generates the control signal in accordance with a status signal to control signal response pattern defined by system parameter values. The system parameters include a minimum value to define a minimum level of the control signal associated with fail-safe operation and a maximum value to define a maximum level of the control signal associated with stable operation the bulk material handling accessory.
Description
Related application
The application requires the rights and interests of U.S. Provisional Application No.60/824103 (applying date is on August 31st, 2006) and U.S. Provisional Application No.60/885084 (applying date is on January 16th, 2007).
Background technology
The bulk material processing equipment is used for the storage and the motion of bulk material (for example grain, sand, gravel, coal etc.).The bulk material processing equipment comprises main device and less important or accessory device.Main device comprises that forwarder, forwarder transmit point, transmit skewed slot, hopper, feed bin, hopper, dependency structure etc.Accessory device comprises conveyor belt cleaner, air bubble, industrial vibration device, band trace operate unit etc., and they and main bulk material processing equipment are used in combination.For example, accessory device for example air bubble and industrial vibration device and main device for example transmits point, transmits skewed slot, hopper, feed bin and hopper and be used in combination, and flows through main device with convenient and control bulk material, and has improved the performance of main device.Similarly, secondaries for example conveyor belt cleaner and main device for example forwarder be used in combination so that improve the performance of main device.
In some cases, for example when the industrial vibration device made up with the transmission skewed slot, accessory device was used for producing vibration and gives main device with transfer of vibration, so that guide bulk material to flow by this main device.In other cases, for example when conveyor belt cleaner and belt conveyer combination, preferably reduce or eliminate of the vibration of band cleaner accessory device with respect to the belt conveyer main device.
Forwarder comprises the endless belt, is used to make bulk material to move to the second place from a position.When bulk material when conveyor belt is discharged, a part of bulk material keeps adhering on tape usually.Conveyor belt cleaner with one or more doctor blades is used for adhesion material is struck off from being with, thus cleaning cassette.The doctor blade of conveyor belt cleaner is installed on the transverse axis of the width extension of crossing conveyor belt usually.The conveyor belt cleaner can comprise one or more stretching devices, and this stretching device is used between doctor blade and the band power of striking off pressure is provided, and doctor blade is biased into conveyor belt engage.Each doctor blade strike off sword in use owing to it and the striking off to engage and wear and tear of the conveyor belt of motion.When doctor blade wore and tore, stretcher made doctor blade motion, so that doctor blade is kept and conveyor belt is that bias voltage strikes off and engages.
In order to make the conveyor belt cleaner obtain sufficient performance, doctor blade is biased into to strike off with conveyor belt with a selected amount of power and engages, so that produce suitable striking off or cleaning pressure between doctor blade and band, and doctor blade is arranged to become to select the cleaning angle with respect to being with according to service condition.When doctor blade during with excessive forces against conveyor belt, this may cause doctor blade to cross galling, may damage conveyor belt, and may make the tip of doctor blade form excessive temperature (because the friction that between the conveyor belt of doctor blade and motion, produces).When the little power against of doctor blade ether conveyor belt, doctor blade can not effectively clean conveyor belt.
In addition, doctor blade can or tremble against the conveyor belt vibration, thereby may damage conveyor belt cleaner and/or band, and reduces cleaning efficiency.The vibration of doctor blade may be because inhomogeneous (for example defective in lax, the band of band or the joint in the band) of conveyor belt and owing to the friction force that produces between the band of doctor blade and motion causes.When striking off the pressure increase, vibration reduces usually.Do not tremble when pressure increases to the limit that surpasses band overlay intensity when striking off, cleaning efficiency increases usually.Therefore, the power that the cleaning angle of doctor blade and doctor blade engage with conveyor belt will produce vibration or the vibration of doctor blade with respect to the conveyor belt cleaner, and influence cleaning efficiency.
And each main device and accessory device have designing quality, and therefore the eigen vibration frequency is arranged.This characteristic frequency is subjected to the influence of following factor: rotation or movable parts, for example band, gear case, motor add the variation that device produced in a period of time, amount, wearing and tearing and burn into or the undesirable accumulation of bulk solid material of the bulk material that for example transmits or store, it is the form of provisional material, for example transports back, overflows and raise and spread.The variation of the characteristic frequency of device can be represented the variation of case of machines or its work efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The present invention can comprise system, device and/or the method with one or more following features and/or step, and these features and/or step can constitute the patentability theme separately or with combination in any.
Bulk material handling system can comprise: the bulk material processing equipment is used to transmit bulk material; And bulk material processing annex, be used for when transmitting bulk material, helping the bulk material processing equipment.Bulk material is handled annex can comprise the controller with one or more sensors.Controller can produce control signal, so that regulate the operation that bulk material is handled annex according at least one status signal of these one or more sensors.Controller can also produce control signal according to status signal, so that the signal response figure that control is determined by a plurality of system parameter values.A plurality of system parameters can comprise minimum value and maxim.Minimum value can be determined minimum level that be associated with failsafe operation, control signal, and maxim can determine to handle with bulk material the stable operation maximum horizontal that be associated, control signal of annex.
The controller of bulk material handling system can be according to the predetermined relationship of this at least one status signal and the lower limit and the upper limit and the start protection action.Particularly, controller can surpass in limited time or is in definite at least between upper and lower bound delay time of start protection action during section when this at least one status signal at this at least one status signal.
The bulk material processing equipment can comprise the bulk material forwarder, and bulk material handles annex and can comprise the bulk material cleaner, so that bulk material is struck off from the bulk material forwarder.The bulk material processing equipment can also comprise one or more hoppers, and bulk material handles annex and can comprise one or more air bubbles, so that bulk material is moved along this hopper.And the bulk material processing equipment can comprise skewed slot, and bulk material is handled annex can comprise one or more vibrators, so that bulk material is moved by skewed slot.
Another bulk material processing equipment can comprise: bulk material forwarder, this bulk material forwarder comprise band so that transmit bulk material; Strike off parts, so that strike off bulk material from being with of bulk material conveyor belt; Damper, this damper with strike off parts and be connected; And controller, be used for producing the control signal of damper according to status signal.This bulk material processing equipment can also comprise: another strikes off parts, is used for striking off bulk material from being with of bulk material conveyor belt; And another damper, another strikes off this another damper and this parts and is connected.
Bulk material handling system can also comprise detent mechanism, strikes off the band location of parts with respect to the bulk material forwarder so that make.Bulk material handling system can also comprise temperature sensor, so that produce index strip, bulk material and/or strike off the temperature signal of the temperature of parts.
Strike off parts the motion sensor that links to each other with it can be arranged.This motion sensor can produce the status signal that the motion of parts is struck off in indication.Similarly, this another strike off parts another motion sensor that links to each other with it can be arranged.This another motion sensor can produce indication this another and strike off another status signal of the motion of parts.
Damper can come damping to strike off the motion of parts according to the control signal that is produced by controller.Another damper can come damping this another to strike off the motion of parts according to another control signal.
Controller can produce control signal according to status signal, so that the signal response figure that control is determined by a plurality of system parameter values.These a plurality of system parameters can comprise minimum value and maxim.This minimum value can determine and the failsafe operation of striking off parts minimum level that be associated, control signal that this maxim can be determined and the stable operation of striking off parts maximum horizontal that be associated, control signal.
Controller can also come the start protection action according to the predetermined relationship of status signal and the lower limit and the upper limit.Particularly, controller can be prescribed a time limit on status signal surpasses or is between the upper and lower bound delay time of start protection action during section of determining at least when this status signal.
Controller can respond indication strike off parts unacceptable motion status signal and produce signal, the band that this signal causes detent mechanism to make striking off parts to leave the bulk material forwarder is regained.The temperature that controller can also respond index strip, bulk material and/or strike off parts is left the temperature signal of particular range and is produced signal, and the band that this signal causes detent mechanism to make striking off parts to leave the bulk material forwarder is regained.
Controller can produce another control signal that is used for this another damper according to another status signal, and can strike off another status signal of measures of dispersion amount beyond the mark that parts and another strike off the motion of parts according to status signal and indication and come the start protection action.
Controller can comprise: subcontrol, this subcontrol with strike off component physical and be connected; Another subcontrol, this another subcontrol strikes off component physical with another and is connected; And master controller, this master controller and subcontrol, this another subcontrol and detent mechanism communicate to connect.Subcontrol can comprise motion sensor, and can produce the control signal that is used for damper.Similarly, this another subcontrol can comprise another motion sensor, and can produce another control signal that is used for another damper.Master controller can produce one or more position signals according to status signal and another status signal, so that detent mechanism can be made strike off parts and another strikes off parts with respect to the band location.
A kind of bulk material processing method also is provided.The bulk material processing method comprises when striking off parts and produces the status signal that the motion of parts is struck off in indication when removing bulk material from the bulk material forwarder.This method also comprises according to this status signal and the status signal that is used for the control signal figure and produces control signal, and comes damping to strike off the motion of parts according to this control signal.
This method can also comprise: strike off parts by indication and produce the displacement error data with respect to the status signal of the displacement error of the band of bulk material forwarder; Produce value at cost by these displacement error data; And according to having the value at cost of predetermined relationship to regulate the parameter of definite status signal with the control signal figure with margin amount.
This method can also comprise: the status signal that is struck off the error of parts when maintenance contacts with the band of bulk material forwarder by indication produces error information; Produce value at cost according to the frequency component of extracting by error information; And according to having the value at cost of predetermined relationship to regulate the parameter of definite status signal with the control signal figure with margin amount.
And this method can be prescribed a time limit on status signal surpasses or is between the upper and lower bound delay time of start protection action during section of determining at least when this status signal.
Description of drawings
Invention described here will illustrate by example, rather than be limited in the accompanying drawing.For the sake of simplicity, element shown in the figure must not draw in proportion.For example, for clear, some size of component can be amplified with respect to other element.And when suitable, reference marker can repeat to represent corresponding or like in the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the partial exploded view of conveyor belt cleaner of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the fragmentary, perspective view of the conveyor belt cleaner of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the front elevation of the cleaner mechanism of conveyor belt cleaner.
Fig. 4 is the end elevation along the line 4-4 among Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the cutaway view along the line 5-5 among Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 has represented the conveyor belt cleaner shown in Fig. 5, but has removed the deflector cover.
Fig. 7 has represented the conveyor belt cleaner, and wherein, doctor blade engages with conveyor belt with anacline cleaning angle.
Fig. 8 has represented the conveyor belt cleaner, and wherein, doctor blade engages with conveyor belt with reverse caster cleaning angle.
Fig. 9 is the decomposition side view of conveyor belt cleaner.
Figure 10 is the birds-eye view of the main frame of conveyor belt cleaner.
Figure 11 is the back view of main frame.
Figure 12 is the cutaway view along the line 12-12 among Figure 11.
Figure 13 is the birds-eye view of the top installing component of main frame.
Figure 14 is the front elevation of the top installing component of main frame.
Figure 15 is the end elevation of the top installing component of main frame.
Figure 16 is the front elevation of the center shaft of main frame.
Figure 17 is the upward view of center shaft.
Figure 18 is the end elevation of center shaft.
Figure 19 is the front elevation of pivot.
Figure 20 is the end elevation of pivot.
Figure 21 is the lateral plan of pivot bushings.
Figure 22 is the end elevation of pivot bushings.
Figure 23 is the birds-eye view of end pivot cap.
Figure 24 is the lateral plan of end pivot cap.
Figure 25 is the planar view of center pivot cap.
Figure 26 is the lateral plan of center pivot cap.
Figure 27 is the transparent view of the arm of conveyor belt cleaner.
Figure 28 is the birds-eye view of arm.
Figure 29 is the lateral plan of arm.
Figure 30 is the upward view of arm.
Figure 31 is the back view of arm.
Figure 32 is the front elevation of arm.
Figure 33 is the lateral plan of doctor blade.
Figure 34 is the front elevation of the doctor blade of Figure 33.
Figure 35 is the cutaway view of damper.
Figure 36 is the transparent view of the linear actuator mechanism of rotary positioning mechanism.
Figure 37 is the lateral plan of controller case.
Figure 38 is the back view of controller case.
Figure 39 is the cutaway view along the line 39-39 among Figure 37.
Figure 40 is the transparent view of deflector cover.
Figure 41 is the birds-eye view of deflector cover.
Figure 42 is the lateral plan of deflector cover.
Figure 43 is the back view of deflector cover.
Figure 44 is the front elevation of the installing mechanism of conveyor belt cleaner.
Figure 45 is the lateral plan of installing mechanism.
Figure 46 is the lateral plan of the frame support bracket of installing mechanism.
Figure 47 is the cutaway view along the line 47-47 among Figure 46.
Figure 48 is the lateral plan of the lining of installing mechanism.
Figure 49 is the planar view of the lining of installing mechanism.
Figure 50 is the end elevation of pivotal arm.
Figure 51 is the lateral plan of pivotal arm.
Figure 52 is an end elevation of regulating the axle collar.
Figure 53 is a lateral plan of regulating the axle collar.
Figure 54 is the plan view from above that is used for the frame support bracket of rotary positioning mechanism.
Figure 55 is the lateral plan of the frame support bracket of Figure 55.
Figure 56 is the view of the geometry of expression cleaner mechanism.
Figure 57 is the block scheme of expression bulk material handling system, and this bulk material handling system can utilize the conveyor belt cleaner shown in Fig. 1-56.
Figure 58 be the expression bulk material handling system, about the block scheme of the bulk material processing controller of the conveyor belt cleaner shown in Fig. 1-56.
Figure 59 is the block scheme of the master controller of expression bulk material processing controller.
Figure 60 is the block scheme of the subcontrol of expression bulk material processing controller.
Figure 61-64 has represented to be applicable to that the various status signals of control bulk material processing annex (for example conveyor belt cleaner) are with the control signal response pattern.
Figure 65 is the diagram of circuit of embodiment that the method that system parameter is set of the control signal figure shown in Figure 61-64 is set.
Figure 66 has represented to be applicable to that bulk material handles the diagram of circuit of embodiment of the security response method of annex (for example conveyor belt cleaner).
Figure 67 is the diagram of curves of expression bulk material load to the influence of the arm displacement of band cleaner.
Figure 68 has represented the cable connection of the embodiment of bulk material handling system.
The specific embodiment
Following specification sheets has been introduced the technology of controlling the annex that is used for bulk material handling system.In the following description, a large amount of specific detail (for example are used to specify logic tools, function code, the device of function digit; The type of source division/shared/Replication Tools, system unit and interrelation and logical partitioning/integrated selection) be in order more completely to understand the present invention.But, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention can implement under the situation of these specific detail not having.In other example, do not represent control structure, gate level circuit and whole software instruction sequences in detail, so that make the present invention simple and clear.Those of ordinary skills can realize suitable function by this specification sheets under the situation that does not have too much test.
The described embodiment of expression such as the term in specification sheets " embodiment ", " embodiment ", " example embodiment " can comprise special characteristic, structure or characteristic, but each embodiment must not comprise special characteristic, structure or characteristic.And these wording do not need to be used for identical embodiment.And when introducing special characteristic, structure or characteristic in conjunction with the embodiments, those skilled in the art should know that this feature, structure or feature can be used for other embodiment, and no matter whether offer some clarification on.
The embodiment of the invention can hardware, firmware, software or their combination in any are implemented.The embodiment of the invention can also be embodied as the instruction that is stored on the machine readable media, and this machine readable media can be read and be carried out by one or more treaters.Machine readable media can comprise any mechanism that is used for storage of machine (for example computer device) readable form or transmission information.For example, machine readable media can comprise read-only memory (ROM) (ROM), random-access memory (ram), magnetic disk storage medium, optical storage medium, flash memory device etc.
Bulk material handling system
Below with reference to Figure 57, represented bulk material handling system among the figure.Bulk material handling system can comprise bulk material processing equipment 4, bulk material processing annex 6 and user interface 8.Bulk material processing equipment 4 and bulk material are handled the various combinations that annex 6 can comprise the bulk material device.For example, bulk material processing equipment 4 can comprise one or more hoppers, and bulk material is handled annex 6 can comprise one or more air bubbles, is used to make bulk material by hopper, move along this hopper or under this hopper.Similarly, bulk material processing equipment 4 can comprise skewed slot, and bulk material is handled annex 6 can comprise one or more vibrators, is used to make bulk material to move, move along this skewed slot or under this skewed slot by this skewed slot.And bulk material processing equipment 4 can comprise the bulk material forwarder, and bulk material is handled annex 6 can comprise cleaner, is used to strike off, peel off or the conveyor belt of cleaning powder package material forwarder otherwise.Also considered other combination of bulk material processing equipment and bulk material processing annex.
Bulk material is handled annex 6 and is helped bulk material processing equipment 4 to handle bulk material.For example, bulk material is handled annex 6 can comprise cleaning blade, and this cleaning blade strikes off, peels off or otherwise makes the resistates of bulk material leave the conveyor belt of bulk material processing equipment 4.In such embodiments, bulk material is handled annex 6 by preventing that bulk material is accumulated on the conveyor belt of bulk material processing equipment 4 and preventing that potential prevention conveyor belt from helping bulk material processing equipment 4 by the motion of bulk material processing equipment 4.
Bulk material is handled annex 6 can comprise controller 12, and this controller 12 has sensor 10, is used for determining to handle with bulk material the relevant characteristic signal of operating characteristic of annex 6 and/or bulk material processing equipment 4.Sensor 10 can comprise for example accelerometer of motion sensor, so that the vibration of the parts of the parts of detection bulk material, bulk material processing equipment 4, bulk material processing annex 6 and/or bulk material processing equipment 4 or its annex 6 or the motion of other type.And, sensor 10 can comprise for example infradred sensor of temperature sensor, so that the temperature of the parts of the parts of detection or measurement bulk material, bulk material processing equipment 4, bulk material processing annex 6 and/or bulk material processing equipment 4 or its annex 6.
Bulk material is handled the controller 12 of annex 6 and is regulated the operation that bulk material is handled annex 6 according to the signal of sensor 10.And controller 12 can also be regulated the operation that bulk material is handled annex 6 according to the signal that receives from user interface 8 from user interface 8 received signals.
User interface 8 can comprise the various combinations of input/output device, for example LCD display, light-emitting diode display, CRT monitoring device, flat-panel monitor, chopping machine, keyboard, key, button, mouse etc. are so that to user's presentation information with receive input from the user.As shown in the figure, user interface 8 is connected with the controller 12 that bulk material is handled annex 6.Connection can be by making user interface 8 to be positioned to handle away from bulk material the wired and/or wireless technology of annex to realize, for example RS-232, RS-422 or RS-485 serial interface; IEEE 802.3 (ethernet) network interface; IEEE 802.11 (WiFi) interface; And other interconnection technique that user interface 8 is located a long way off.Similarly, connection can realize that for example USB (USB) interconnection, IEEE 1394 (live wire) interconnection, PS/2 mouse and keyboard connector, IEEE 802.15.1 (bluetooth) interconnect and can make user interface 8 other interconnection technique in this location, place by the wired and/or wireless technology that makes user interface 8 to be positioned adjacent to or contiguous bulk material is handled annex.Although combine some interconnection technique under the situation of " at a distance " or " locality " consumer positioning interface 8 above, a lot of above-mentioned interconnection techniques can be supported the user interface 8 of " at a distance " and " locality ", although be more suitable for one or another kind of situation.And above-mentioned interconnection technique is a casehistory, the interconnection technique that some embodiment do not list above can utilizing specially.
Introduce the further details of bulk material handling system below by embodiment, in this embodiment, bulk material processing equipment 4 comprises the bulk material forwarder with conveyor belt, and bulk material is handled annex 6 and comprised the conveyor belt cleaner with cleaning blade.But, can be used for other embodiment of bulk material handling system below it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that about the instruction of conveyor belt cleaner and conveyor belt embodiment, for example have the skewed slot embodiment and hopper embodiment of vibrator with air bubble.
Forwarder and conveyor belt cleaner
Fig. 1-56 has represented the mechanical aspects of the embodiment of bulk material handling system, wherein, bulk material processing equipment 4 comprises bulk material forwarder 78, this bulk material forwarder 78 comprises having the conveyor belt 82 that external loading transports surface 84, and bulk material processing annex 6 comprises conveyor belt cleaner 80.Conveyor belt cleaner 80 can be the second conveyor belt cleaner, and roughly as shown in Fig. 7 and 8, wherein, conveyor belt cleaner 80 is used for striking off adhesion material from the surface 84 with a part of 82 of move along the substantial linear direction (as shown by arrows).Conveyor belt cleaner of the present invention also can be with the conveyor belt cleaner of deciding, be used for from the rotation mode motion that engages with the head pulley of forwarder with scratch-off material on the surface 84 of a part of 82.When service condition and cleaning requirement regulation, a plurality of main conveyor belt cleaners and/or the second conveyor belt cleaner can be used for identical conveyor belt.
Conveyor belt cleaner 80 comprises cleaner mechanism 86 and one or more installing mechanism 88A-B.Cleaner mechanism 86 comprises main frame 92, and this main frame 92 comprises transverse axis 94, and this transverse axis 94 has substantial linear central longitudinal axis 96.Transverse axis 94 substantial linear ground extends between first end 98 and second end 100.Transverse axis 94 can comprise single global facility, and perhaps as shown in fig. 1, transverse axis 94 can comprise a plurality of parts or section.As shown in fig. 1, transverse axis 94 comprises center shaft 102, and this center shaft 102 extends between first end 104 and second end 106.The installing component 108 (for example plate of general plane shape) that comprises one or more periphery holes is installed on first end 104 and second end 106 of center shaft 102 separately.Transverse axis 94 also comprises minor axis 110A and B.Each minor axis 110A-B extends between first end 112 and second end 114.Each installing component 116 (for example plate of general plane shape) that comprises one or more periphery holes is installed on first end 112 of each minor axis 110A and B.Minor axis 110A is used for adopting the fastener (for example screw bolt and nut) that the hole of passing installing component 108 and 116 extends and is removably mounted on first end 104 of center shaft 102.Minor axis 110B is used for being removably mounted on by the fastener that extend in the hole of passing installing component 108 and 116 second end 106 of center shaft 102 equally.Minor axis 110A is used to be removably mounted on installing mechanism 88A, and minor axis 110B is used to be removably mounted on installing mechanism 88B.Center shaft 102 and minor axis 110A and B can be by rectangle or foursquare pipe (as shown in fig. 1), pipe, solid parts or other structure members and are formed.
As shown in Figure 16-18, center shaft 102 comprises one or more circular hole 118, and the first wall that these circular ports 118 pass center shaft 102 extends, and roughly equidistantly is spaced from each other between end 104 and 106 along the longitudinal length of center shaft 102.Center shaft 102 also comprises one or more elongated slot shapes hole 120, and second sidewall that these slot like aperture 120 are passed center shaft 102 extends, and roughly equidistantly is spaced from each other between end 104 and 106 along the longitudinal length of center shaft 102.Each hole 118 is associated with each hole 120, and like this, the every pair of hole 118 and 120 length with respect to center shaft 102 are positioned at mutually the same position between end 104 and 106. Hole 118 and 120 provides and being communicated with of the chamber 122 that is positioned at center shaft 102.Each installing component 108 and 116 comprises bigger centre hole, and like this, hollow passageway is passed transverse axis 94 and extended to second end 100 from first end 98, and comprises chamber 122.
As shown in Figure 9, a plurality of cover plates 123 are removably mounted on the center shaft 102, and like this, each cover plate 123 can cover slot like aperture 120 separately.Each cover plate 123 can be from center shaft 102 dismountings, so that near the chamber 122 in the center shaft 102.Each comfortable each 118 place, hole of cord grip adaptor union 124 or (also selectable) grommet are installed on the center shaft 102.
A plurality of supports 156 are installed on the outer end of bar 154, and spaced apart equally spacedly mutually between first end 146 of top installing component 144 and second end 148 along the length of bar 154.Each support 156 is roughly parallel to pedestal 150 ground and extends between first end 158 and second end 160.That each support 156 comprises is 164 that form by half-cylindrical interior wall roughly, open top and open-ended container 162.Each support 156 also comprises the flange 166 of a pair of spaced apart and almost parallel, these flange 166 general plane shapes, and coplane roughly mutually.Each flange 166 comprises one or more holes of passing extension.The semi-cylindrical shaped wall 164 of support 156 forms around substantial linear axis 168.As shown in Figure 13 and 14, the container of respectively holding 146 and 148 places 162 of top installing component 144 be approximately the top installing component 144 that is located between the end frame 156 in the heart half of length of container 156.Each flange 166 in end frame 156 comprises a hole, and each flange 166 in center frame 156 comprises two holes.Axis 168 is roughly parallel to axis 96 and extends.
As shown in Figure 23 and 24, end cap 172 is used to be removably mounted on the end 146 that is positioned at top installing component 144 and each end frame 156 at 148 places.That end cap 172 comprises is 176 that form by the half-cylindrical interior wall of extending around axis 168, bottom opening and open-ended container 174.End cap 172 comprises the flange 178 of a pair of spaced apart and almost parallel, and each flange 178 comprises one or more holes.The basal surface of flange 178 is coplane roughly, and be used for cooperating with the flange 166 of end frame 156, like this, the container 162 of support 156 and the container of end cap 172 174 forms substantial cylindrical container or holes, and support 156 is roughly passed and end cap 172 extends to second end 160 from first end 158 around axis 168 with along axis 168 with one heart in this hydrostatic column or hole.End cap 172 by fastener for example screw bolt and nut be removably mounted on the end frame 156.
As shown in Figure 25 and 26, center cap 180 is used to be removably mounted on each center frame 156 of top installing component 154.That each center cap 180 comprises is 184 that form by the roughly half-cylindrical interior wall of extending around axis 168, bottom opening and open-ended container 182.Each center cap 180 comprises the flange 186 of a pair of spaced apart and almost parallel, and each flange 186 comprises a plurality of holes.The basal surface of flange 186 is mutual coplane roughly, and is used for separately the top surface coupling with the flange 166 of center frame 156.Each center cap 180 be used for by fastener for example screw bolt and nut be removably mounted on center frame 156, like this, the container 182 of center cap 180 and the container of center frame 156 162 forms substantial cylindrical container or perforates, and this hydrostatic column or perforate are roughly passed center frame 156 and center cap 180 extends to second end 160 from first end 158 around axis 168 with along axis 168 with one heart.Comprise transverse axis 94, bottom and top installing component 126 and 144, cap 172 and 180 and the main frame 92 of other parts preferably make by corrosion resistant material, and can by metal for example corrosion-resistant steel make.
Each end 192 and 194 of pivot 190 is used for being rotatably installed in each support 156 by lining 200.As shown in Figure 21 and 22, lining 200 comprises: the sleeve 202 of substantial cylindrical, and this sleeve 202 has the substantial cylindrical outside face; And the axle collar 204 of circular, this axle collar 204 is installed on the end of sleeve 202.The outside face that the axle collar 204 surpasses sleeve 202 stretches out, thereby forms the edge of general toroidal.The perforate 206 of substantial cylindrical is passed sleeve 202 and the axle collar 204 extensions along axis 168.The diameter of perforate 206 is arranged so that the end of pivot 190 fits closely in this perforate 206, and engages with the inwall rotation of the lining 200 that is formed by perforate 206.Lining 200 can be formed by the antifriction material, and can by metal for example Oilite bronze form.
The sleeve 202 of each lining 200 is used to be positioned in the container 162 of support 156, and engages and removably remain on wherein by the clamping with end cap 172 or center cap 180.The axle collar 204 of lining 200 is positioned near the end of container 162.First end 192 of pivot 190 extends to the perforate 206 of the lining 200 that is arranged in first support 156, and second end 194 of pivot 190 extends to the perforate 206 of the lining 200 that is arranged in adjacent stent 156.Therefore, pivot 190 extends between a pair of adjacent stent 156.Pivot 190 is used for relative lining 200 and support 156 around central axis 168 pivoted or rotation.
Arm 212 comprises pole 230, this pole 230 have with hub 222 bonded assemblys, first end and with installing component 232 bonded assemblys second end at second end, 218 places that are positioned at arm 212.As seen, pole 230 substantial linear ground extends along axis 220 in planar view shown in Figure 28.As seen, pole 230 is a generally'S '-shaped in profile figure shown in Figure 29 or front elevation, comprise 222 that stretch out from hub, down roughly the part of bow and from this decurvation partly extend to installing component 232, the part of bow roughly up.Pole 230 comprises center ridge 234, and this center ridge 234 extends to installing component 232 from hub 222.Opposing sidewalls 236A-B from ridge 234 downwards and extend out to each lower edge 238A-B.Each lower edge 238A-B extends to installing component 232 from hub 222.Conduit 240 is arranged in the diapire of pole 230, and it extends to installing component 232 near the hub 222.Conduit 240 is separated into the first and second bottom wall portion 242A-B that corresponding interval is opened with diapire.Pole 230 comprises a pair of spacer ribs 244A-B, this to spacer ribs 244A-B along each bottom wall portion 242A-B from being positioned near the hub 222 proximal extension to far-end 246, this far-end 246 roughly is positioned at the place, bottom of the concave portions up of pole 230, and spaced apart with second end 218 of arm 212.Each rib 244A-B comprises one or more hole 248A-B, and each the hole 248A-B in each rib 244A aligns with respective aperture 248A-B in rib 244B, and like this, the hole mutually with one heart and be roughly parallel to axis 168 location.Rib 244A-B be positioned at the inboard of edge 238A-B and with this edge 238A-B almost parallel, as shown in Figure 30, thereby be formed on antelabium between rib 244A-B and the edge 238A-B, it extends along bottom wall portion 242A-B.Arm 212 comprises a pair of isolated lug 252A-B, and they are installed on the hub 222 and from this hub 222 protrudes downwards and outwards.Slit 254 is between lug 252A-B, and it parallels to the axis and 168 extends.Slit 254 is used to receive the bar 154 of pedestal 150 of the top installing component 144 of main frame 92.
The installing component 232 of arm 212 comprises carriage 258, and this carriage 258 has the pedestal on second end that is installed in pole 230.Carriage 258 extends upwardly to top 260 from pedestal.Carriage 258 comprises inner surface 262 and isolated outer surface 264.Inside and outside surperficial 262 and 264 general plane shapes.Inner surface 262 is arranged in the plane with axis 168 almost parallels.Inner surface 264 first ends 216 that are positioned to than outer surface 264 more close arms.One or more holes 266 are passed carriage 258 and are extended to outer surface 264 in surface 262 internally.
Installing component 232 also comprises from the upwardly extending retainer parts 270 of second end of pole 230, for example upwardly extending finger or salient.Retainer parts 270 are positioned at carriage 258 inboards, than first end 216 of these carriage 258 more close arms 212.Retainer parts 270 extend upwardly to distal top 272.Transverse slot 274 is passed installing component 232 and is extended between carriage 258 and retainer parts 270.Slit 274 is at its top end opening between the top 272 of retainer parts 270 and carriage 258, and at each end opening.Slit 272 is formed on the interior wall on the retainer parts 270, this interior wall general plane shape, and parallel with the surface 262, inside of carriage 258.Slit 274 also forms diapire 276, and this diapire 276 can be for roughly semicircle, and as shown in Figure 29, perhaps it can be general plane shape or other shape when needed.The top 260 of carriage 258 is positioned to from diapire 276 distance laterally of slit 274 greater than the top 272 of retainer parts 270 distance from diapire 276.Therefore, the length of retainer parts 270 is less than the length of carriage 258.Preferably, arm 212 is formed by corrosion resistant material, and can by metal for example corrosion-resistant steel form.
The doctor blade 214 that strikes off parts 210 is used for removably being connected with the installing component 232 of arm 212.Also can select, doctor blade 214 can form one with arm 212.As shown in Figure 33 and 34, doctor blade 214 comprises: pedestal 280, and this pedestal 280 has bottom 282; And body 284, this body 284 extends upwardly to from pedestal 280 and strikes off sword 286.Doctor blade 214 comprises inner surface 288 and isolated outer surface 290, and each surface 282 extends to and strikes off sword 286 from the bottom, and extends to second end 294 of doctor blade 214 from first end 292.As shown in Figure 33, inner surperficial 288 can for example become the shape of one section circle with the bending of concave cylindrical shape mode.Surface 288 and 290 roughly equidistantly separates mutually.Therefore, doctor blade 214 have between inner surface 288 and outer surface 290, homogeneous thickness roughly.Pedestal 280 comprises one or more holes 296, and these holes 296 surface internally 288 extend to outer surface 290, and is used for aliging with each hole 266 of the carriage 258 of arm 212.Doctor blade 214 can be arranged to provide the relative constant angle of striking off with conveyor belt 82 when doctor blade 214 wearing and tearing, and this doctor blade 214 becomes and is with 82 to engage continuously around axis 96 pivoted.
Doctor blade 214 has certain thickness, make pedestal 280 fit closely in the slit 274 of installing component 232 of arm 212, and the surface, inside 288 of pedestal 280 is positioned to be close to the surface, inside of retainer parts 270, and outer surface 290 is positioned to be close to the surface, inside 262 of carriage 258.The bottom 282 of pedestal 280 can bend to semicircle form, so that engage ordinatedly with the diapire 276 of slit 274 in the installing component 232.Also can select, the bottom 282 of pedestal 280 can be general plane shape, and the diapire 276 of slit 274 can be planar shaped, is used for engage.The striking off sword 286 and can be rounded to semicircle overall shape of doctor blade 214, as shown in Figure 33.Also can select, strike off sword 286 and can be general plane shape.Strike off sword 286 and can comprise the wearing and tearing top, described in the US patent No.6374991 of Martin Engineering Company, the document is incorporated herein by reference.Doctor blade 214 by the hole 266 in the carriage 258 that extends through hole 296 in the doctor blade 214 and installing component 232 fastener and removably be connected with the installing component 232 of arm 212.Therefore, doctor blade 214 can and be changed from arm 212 dismountings, for example when doctor blade 214 wearing and tearing or damage.Respectively strike off parts 210 by removing suitable cap 172 and 180 and optionally dismounting and changing separately from the main frame 92.
Make doctor blade 214 and installing component 232 coupled fasteners prevent that doctor blade 214 is with respect to carriage 258 cross motions.With the conveyor belt 82 of motion when engaging and the friction on the sword 286 of striking off that is applied to doctor blade 214 is struck off power to the pedestal 280 of small part by doctor blade 214 and born with the engaging of retainer parts 270 of installing component 232.Being applied to the friction of striking off on the sword 286 with 82 and striking off power and push the outside face 290 of doctor blade 214 it is engaged with the top 260 of carriage 258 by motion, and bottom 282 pivoted that will attempt to make doctor blade 214 are left the surface, inside 262 of carriage 258, like this, doctor blade 214 will be around the top of carriage 258 260 pivoted.But, this pivoted of doctor blade 214 is owing to the pedestal 280 of doctor blade 214 prevents with the engaging of surface, inside 288 of the retainer parts 270 of installing component 232.Doctor blade 214 can by metal for example corrosion-resistant steel form, and can comprise high-abrasive material striking off sword 286 places, for example carbonized tungsten or stupalith.
As shown in figure 35, damper 304 extends between first end 334 and second end 336.Damper 304 can comprise combination gas spring and damper, for example magnetorheological (MR) fluid damper, for example the RD-1119MR fluid damper of being made by Lord Corporation.Damper 304 can construct and operate as described in US patent No.5277281, and the document is incorporated herein by reference.Damper 304 comprises substantial cylindrical and tubular housing 338, and this housing 338 forms internal flow chamber 340.Housing extends to second end 344 from first end 342.Installing component 346 is installed on first end 342.Perforate 348 is passed installing component 346 along axis 140 and is extended.Installing component 346 can comprise a pair of isolated ear, perforate 348 is passed this ear and is extended, like this, the installation lug 136 of the bottom installing component 126 of main frame 92 is used to be contained between this ear, and fastener can pass the perforate 348 of installing component 346 and pass the hole 138 that lug 136 is installed and extend, thereby makes the damper mechanism 302 can be around pivotal axis 140 with respect to main frame 92 pivoted.
Piston 354 comprises the axle 364 of general tube shape, and this axle 364 has with piston crown 355 bonded assemblys, first end 366 and screw thread arranged and be positioned at housing 308 exterior second ends 368.Second end 368 of axle 364 is used for inserting tapped bore 328, is used for installing component 326 rigidity of control capsule 306 continuous.Axle 364 concentric rings coiling property axis 330 and extend along this linear axis 330.Second end 344 that axle 364 passes housing 338 extends, and seals with this shell fluid by sealing member 370.Electric wire extends through the center drilling of axle in 364 and protruding from second end 368 from electric coil 362, and passes in the chamber 310 that perforate 328 stretches into box 306, is used for being connected with subcontrol 305.
Piston 354 can be along axis 330 along either direction with respect to housing 338 linear slide.When piston 354 with respect to housing 338MR when axis 330 moves, fluid will flow to second sub-chamber by fluid passage 360 from first sub-chamber, thereby piston 354 can be slided with respect to housing 338.Integrator 352 hold by axle 364 insert fluid chamber's 340 neutralizations by the het expansion of MR fluid mobile MR fluid.Provide respective change in the flow performance of MR fluid by electric coil 362 selected vibrations that produce, in magnetic flow.The MR fluid can change denseness or viscosity in very on a large scale.Therefore, the flow performance of control MR fluid will provide the control to the ability of piston 354, so that move along axis 330 with respect to housing 338, and the therefore vibration that causes owing to the vibratory force that is applied on the piston 354 of damping.Come the kinetic energy of the conveyor belt 82 of autokinesis to pass to damper 304 by striking off parts 210.MR fluid in damper is transformed into heat with kinetic energy, and with the heat transferred atmosphere.Damper 304 provides and transmitted axial force relatively consistently between first end 334 and second end 336, and no matter piston 354 with respect to the displacement of housing 338 how, the doctor blade of damping simultaneously 214 is with respect to 82 vibration.Make piston 354 second ends 368 be connected with arm 212 although control capsule 306 is expressed as in the drawings, second end 368 of piston 354 can directly pivotally be connected with arm 212 when needing.
Making each doctor blade 214 be biased into the power of striking off that engages with conveyor belt 82 is provided by damper 304.The not co-content of the different pressures of the gas in integrator chamber 352 and integrator chamber 352 will provide the different power delivery curve with respect to displacement.Preferably, damper 304 has big integrator chamber 352 and shorter piston stroke, and like this, power output is flat relatively with respect to the curve of displacement, thereby provides the constant relatively power of striking off and cleaning pressure at doctor blade 214 with between with 82.Can use dissimilar dampers 304 when needing, so that the suitable power of striking off is provided and strikes off pressure with gas with various pressure and/or different integrator cavity volume.Dissimilar dampers 304 can be in cleaner mechanism 86 exchanges each other, so as selectively to change doctor blade 214 with 82 power of striking off that engage.
As mentioned above, damper 304 comprises magnetorheological (MR) fluid damper that comprises the MR fluid.The viscosity of MR fluid depends on magnetic field, so the damping of MR damper can be regulated by the magnetic field that adjusting imposes on the MR fluid.In another embodiment, damper 304 comprises that the electric current that comprises the ER fluid becomes (ER) damper.Similar with the MR fluid, the viscosity of ER fluid depends on electric field, so the damping of ER damper can be regulated by the electric field that adjusting imposes on the ER fluid.Although some embodiment utilize MR fluid damper or ER fluid damper, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that damper 304 can comprise the control damper of other type, so that obtain required control damping.When needing, damper 304 can comprise elastic bias component, mechanical coil spring for example, and this elastic bias component extends around housing 338 and piston 354, and first end of biasing member is connected with housing 338, and second end is connected with piston 354.
The lug 252A of arm 212 and B are used for engaging with the bar 154 of top installing component 144, so that restricted arm 212 is around the pivoted of pivot 168.Therefore, the possible length of piston travel of the piston 354 of lug 252A-B restriction damper 304, thus prevent that piston 354 from excessively returning (this will damage barrier film 350) and preventing that piston 354 from excessively stretching out (this will damage sealing member 370).
Top installing component 144 is designed so that doctor blade 214 can in line or be offset and overlap.As shown in fig. 1, all doctor blade 214 is positioned to mutually in line.When needing, the top installing component 144 of main frame 92 can be divided into multistage, and wherein, each section comprises respectively first and second supports 156 at each end.Every installing component section end position overturning all, so that make the doctor-blade construction skew and overlap.Because the skew of bar 154, all will align mutually every the support 156 of an installing component section, wherein, a pack support is along pivotal axis 168 alignment, and second pack support 156 aligns along parallel pivotal axis, and this pivotal axis separates with pivotal axis 168 and is parallel with it.Parallel pivot can be offset selected distance mutually, for example 25 millimeters.Therefore, first group strike off parts 210 every one and will align mutually, second group residue is struck off parts 210 and will be alignd mutually simultaneously.Therefore, the adjacent doctor blade 214 that strikes off parts 210 is offset mutually, and like this, doctor blade 214 will overlap mutually along the width of band.The width of the doctor blade that uses in deviation post is preferably wideer than the width of the doctor blade that uses in position in line, so that the overlapping of adjacent doctor blade is provided.Also can select, support 156 can separate, and end cap 172 is used to replace center cap 180, and the spacing of each installing component 144 can be positioned to more close mutually so that adjacent doctor blade is overlapped.Damper mechanism 302 pivotally is connected with the hole 248A that first group align struck off parts 210, and damper mechanism 302 pivotally is connected with second group of hole 248B that strikes off parts 210 that aligns.
When striking off that parts 210 are arranged to skew and during the overlapping structure, the doctor blade 214 that respectively strikes off parts 210 is pivotally mounted on the installing component 232, for example by passing the single fastener that extend in hole 226 and hole 296, like this, doctor blade 214 can be around pivotal axis (this pivotal axis is substantially transverse to axis 168) with respect to arm 212 pivoted.When blade 214 is in the center, the bottom 282 of blade 214 and the diapire 276 of the slit 274 in the retainer parts 270 are spaced apart, like this, blade 214 can the pedestal 280 of blade 214 with before the diapire 276 of slit 274 engages around pivotal axis along the either direction pivoted, 5 degree for example add deduct.In this structure, will be on the additional wearing and tearing top that provides of corner that sword 286 and end 292,294 form of striking off by blade 214, prevent when being used for belt surface 84 that scratch is with 82 with convenient blade 214.
As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the passage that damper mechanism 302 is passed in the deflector cover 374 extends, and damper 304 is arranged in capsule bag 388.First and second sidewalls 376 and 378 upper limb 386 engage with the edge 238A-B coupling of the pole 230 of scraper component 210, seal so that form between them.Therefore, deflector cover 374 is basic around damper mechanism 302, and fully around the upper end of box 306 and damper 304, so as to prevent by doctor blade 214 from 82 these parts of the material impact of striking off or with these part bonding.Deflector cover 374 can be made by elastomeric material, for example urethane.
Installing mechanism 88A-B can roughly constitute mutual mirror image.Installing mechanism 88B represents in Figure 44 and 45.Each installing mechanism 88A-B comprises linear orientation mechanism 394, and there are bottom installation bracket 396 and upper mounting bracket 398, for example angle bar in this linear orientation mechanism 394.Installation bracket 396 and 398 vertical leg comprise the hole, and like this, this vertical leg is used to be removably mounted on stationary support.Installation bracket 396 and each horizontal support legs of 398 comprise the hole.Linear actuator for example has the thread rod of central linear axis 402 or axle 400 and passes the hole in their horizontal support legs and extend between bottom and upper mounting bracket 396 and 398.A pair of back nut 404 screw threads are installed on the axle 404, and corresponding back nut 404 engages with the top surface of the horizontal support legs of installation bracket 396 and 398.A pair of locking nut 406 and axle 404 threads engage, and each lock nut 406 is positioned near the basal surface of respective horizontal supporting leg of each installation bracket 396 and 398.Lock nut 406 can selectively move away installation bracket 396 and 398, and like this, axle 404 selectively around axis 402 along clockwise direction or anticlockwise direction rotation when needing.Lock nut 406 can engage against installation bracket 396 and 398, thereby prevents that axle 400 is around axis 402 rotations.Linear actuator 400 can selectively comprise electricity, hydraulic pressure or pneumatic actuator, and this actuator lays respectively at each end of main frame 92.
Linear orientation mechanism 394 also comprises frame support bracket 410.This frame support bracket 410 comprises the perforate 412 of substantial linear, and this perforate 412 extends to the top from the bottom of frame support bracket 410, and is used to receive threaded shaft 400.Frame support bracket 410 also comprises passage 414, this passage 414 approximate horizontal and extend through frame support bracket 410 transverse to perforate 412 ground between opposing sidewalls.Passage 414 comprises the container 416 of circular and spill, and this container 416 is used to receive the lining 418 of circular.Lining 418 comprises circular and converx outer wall 420, and this outer wall 420 is used for rotatably engaging with container 416 and mating.Lining 418 also comprises center drilling 422, and this center drilling 422 is used to receive and mate minor axis 110A or the B that engages main frame 92, and like this, main frame 92 and lining 418 can be with respect to frame support bracket 410 around axis 96 rotations that links to each other.The frame support bracket 410 of installing mechanism 88A-B receives the opposite end of main frame 92 and be bearing in the lining 418 separately.Frame support bracket 410 and cleaner mechanism 86 can suitably raise or reduce and 400 axis 402 selectively moves along either direction along the substantial linear direction along axle around their axles 402 separately by made threaded shaft 400 by nut 456.When needing, electricity operation rotary actuator can 400 be operatively connected with each, so that make 400 rotation of selecting, thereby selectively locatees cleaner mechanism 86.Axle 401 can be keyed in the perforate 412, so that limiter assembly 80 is with respect to the parallel motion of the transverse axis of conveyor belt 82.
One or two installing mechanism 88A-B can comprise rotary positioning mechanism 428.Rotary positioning mechanism 428 comprises the axle collar 430, the plate of general plane shape for example, and this axle collar 430 comprises centre hole 432, and this centre hole 432 is used for coupling and receives minor axis 110A or B, and like this, the axle collar 430 and main frame 92 can be around axis 96 rotations that is connected with each other.The axle collar 430 also comprises a plurality of periphery holes and arcuate slot 434.Rotary positioning mechanism 428 also comprises pivot arm 436.First end 438 of pivot arm 436 comprises the centre hole 442 of circular, and this centre hole 442 is used to receive the minor axis 110A or the B of main frame 92.First end 438 comprise with roughly evenly mode around centre hole 442 isolated a plurality of periphery holes 444.First end 438 of pivot arm 436 is used for removably being connected with the axle collar 430 with 444 fasteners that extend by passing periphery hole 434 separately.Pivot arm 436 can be regulated in selectively with the slotted opening 434 of fastener arrangement at the axle collar 430 with respect to the position of the axle collar 430 around axis 96.Second end 440 of pivot arm 436 comprises and centre hole 442 isolated holes 446.
As shown in Figure 45, stretch out and to make pivot arm 436 and cleaner mechanism 86 in the counterclockwise direction around axis 96 pivoted or rotation the bar 474 of the linear actuator mechanism 460 of installing mechanism 88A-B the time.Returning of bar 474 will make pivot arm 436 and cleaner mechanism 86 along clockwise direction around axis 96 pivoted.Can determine that one still is that two installing mechanism 88A and B comprise rotary positioning mechanism 428 according to the power output of linear actuator mechanism 460 and the width of conveyor belt 82.For example, when being used for up to about 1200 millimeters (48 inches) wide band, can have only an installing mechanism 88A or B to comprise rotary positioning mechanism 428, and when using wideer band, two installing mechanism 88A and B can comprise rotary positioning mechanism 460 separately.
As shown in Figure 7, doctor blade 214 is arranged to the just cleaning or the leaning angle of about 45 degree with respect to the surface 84 of conveyor belt 82.Just cleaning or leaning angle is also referred to as peel angle, is the service direction bevelled angle of doctor blade towards conveyor belt.As shown in Figure 8, doctor blade 14 is arranged to the negative cleaning or the leaning angle of approximately negative 10 degree with respect to the surface 84 of conveyor belt 82.Negative cleaning or leaning angle are also referred to as and strike off the angle, are that doctor blade is along the direction bevelled angle identical with the tape running direction.Zero gradient cleaning angle is a doctor blade and cleaning angle with 82 Surface Vertical.
The cleaning angle of cleaner mechanism 86 can be when needed changes between aforementioned cleaning angle by changing the mounting distance between the surface 84 of the rotation axis 96 of main frame 92 and conveyor belt 82.Axle 400 the suitable rotation of installing mechanism 88A-B will make cleaner mechanism 86 pivot 96 along with the plane 488 of central axis 402 almost parallels of axle 400 apparent motion towards conveyor belt 82.When axle 400 rotated in opposite direction, the pivotal axis 96 of cleaner mechanism 86 is 488 surfaces that move away conveyor belt 82 in opposite direction along the plane.Therefore, the pivotal axis 96 that linear orientation mechanism 394 allows cleaner mechanisms 86 488 is optionally arranged along the plane, like this, doctor blade 214 engages with the surface 84 of conveyor belt 82 with suitable cleaning angle, for example arbitrarily angled between the negative gradient cleaning of the negative 10 degree angle at the positive gradient of 45 degree cleaning angle.Also can use other cleaning angular region when needing.The cleaning angle of doctor blade 214 can be regulated after conveyor belt cleaner 80 is installed, so that will clean the meticulous best cleaning angle that is adjusted to, angle, and when needing, change the cleaning angle owing to tape speed variation, transmission changes in material or the variation of other working parameter.Such adjusting can manually or automatically be carried out.
In case cleaner mechanism 86 488 is positioned at its required installation site along the plane, the linear actuator mechanism 460 of rotary positioning mechanism 48 makes cleaner mechanism 86 around axis 96 rotations.The stretching out of the bar of fluid cylinder 462 will make pivot arm 436 and cleaner mechanism 86 pivoted in the counterclockwise direction, as shown in Fig. 7 and 45, so that doctor blade 214 is rotated into conveyor belt 82 to be engaged, like this, damper 304 becomes their doctor blade 214 fexible bias pressures separately with appropriate force and strikes off the face joint of pressure and conveyor belt 82.
The returning of the bar 474 of fluid cylinder 462 will make and pivot arm 436 and cleaner mechanism 86 pivoted along clockwise direction as shown in Fig. 7 and 45, doctor blade 214 and conveyor belt 82 be thrown off.Therefore, when making its service direction reverse with 82 or when being used for maintenance purpose, rotary positioning mechanism 824 can make cleaner mechanism 86 and conveyor belt 82 throw off.When doctor blade 214 in use weares and teares, the linear actuator mechanism 460 of rotary positioning mechanism 48 will make doctor blade 214 be rotated into around axis 96 to continue and be with 82 to strike off and engage, keep substantially invariable cleaning angle and cleaning pressure simultaneously.Position indication sensor for example magnetic switch can be used for the operation of restricted arm 436.
In the course of the work, the relevant doctor blade 214 of each damper 304 difference damping is with respect to the vibration of conveyor belt 82.Each damper is controlled by the corresponding subcontrol 305 in its associated cartridge 306 respectively, and like this, the damping of each doctor blade 214 can be controlled respectively.The damping characteristic of each damper 304 can change in the working process of conveyor belt cleaner 80, so that adapt to the variation of mode of operation.The mode of operation of annex bulk material processing equipment (for example conveyor belt cleaner 80, air bubble or industrial vibration device) and these accessory devices will be determined by the vibration that detects and monitoring is sent by the combination of annex and main device with the mode of operation of the combination of main bulk material processing equipment.Variation in the vibration of sending is used to start the control of accessory device, and like this, the combination of accessory device and main device will be with best performance level work.
The geometry of cleaner mechanism 86 is roughly represented in conjunction with the X-Y rectangular coordinate system in Figure 56.The geometry of cleaner mechanism 86 make this cleaner mechanism 86 can be used in to make doctor blade 214 with just, zero or negative gradient cleaning angle " CA " and be with 82 to engage.When the axis of the circular arc of determining doctor blade 214 and bias voltage (bias) is positioned to axis 168 when coaxial, cleaner mechanism 86 will only use under positive gradient cleaning angle, because make cleaner mechanism 86 along plane 488 raise (for zero or the angle work of negative gradient cleaning) will be created in arm 212 and with 82 between interference, unless doctor blade engages with band on the circular arc of pulley.As shown in Figure 56, also provide virtual pivot axis 490, it has determined the curvature and the bias voltage angle of doctor blade 214.Virtual pivot axis 490 is spaced apart and parallel with pivotal axis 168, and on pivotal axis 168 with in pivotal axis 168 be with between 82.When virtual pivot axis 490 is positioned on the pivotal axis 168, the bias voltage angle of doctor blade 214 will be 90 degree, and constant cleaning angle will be provided in wear-process.When virtual pivot axis 490 be positioned at axis 168 above the time, the bias voltage angle of blade 214 will be less than 90 degree, and make the cleaning angles keep substantially constant (± 5%) in wear-process by the doctor blade 214 that utilizes the circular arc that forms around axis 490.Not pipe racks cleaner structure 86 along the plane 488 setting height(from bottom) how or band cleaner structure 86 around the anglec of rotation of axis 96 how, the geometry of band cleaner structure 86 will remain on doctor blade 214 and with the substantially constant cleaning angle between 82.
The bulk material processing controller
Introduce an embodiment of bulk material processing controller 12 below with reference to Figure 58-60.As shown in the figure, controller 12 comprises master controller 500 and one or more subcontrol 305.Although controller 12 can be implemented with allocation scheme shown in Figure 58-60, other embodiment can comprise single controller 500, does not have subcontrol 305 separately.In such embodiments, the sensor of subcontrol 305 can keep or the close parts that will monitor, but the logic unit of subcontrol 305 (for example treater) can omit, and single controller 500 is arranged to carry out the logic task of master controller and subcontrol.In going back an embodiment, bulk material processing controller 12 can include only subcontrol 305, and does not have master controller 500 separately.In such embodiments, the task of master controller 500 can be distributed between subcontrol 305, gives some tasks of single subcontrol 305 and/or master controller 500 and can omit.And, understand the structure and the operation of bulk material processing controller 12 in order to help those skilled in the art, will introduce controller 12 by control band cleaner structure 86 below.But, the relevant teachings that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that bulk material processing controller 12 also can be used for other bulk material processing equipment 4 and/or other bulk material at an easy rate and handles annex 6.
Below with reference to Figure 58, represented the relation between the parts that the parts and the bulk material of bulk material processing controller 12 are handled annex (for example with cleaner mechanism 86) among the figure.As shown in the figure, master controller 500 is connected with the detent mechanism 510 (for example linear orientation mechanism 394 and rotary positioning mechanism 428) of band cleaner mechanism 86.Like this, in one embodiment, master controller 500 can produce control signal, handles the location of annex 6 with respect to bulk material treater 4 so that regulate bulk material.For example, master controller 500 can produce and make linear orientation mechanism 394 make band cleaner mechanism 86 move into the control signal of more close conveyor belt 82, perhaps can produce to make linear orientation mechanism 394 that band cleaner mechanism 86 is moved into further from the control signal of conveyor belt 82.Similarly, master controller 500 can produce and make rotary positioning mechanism 428 make the control signal of band cleaner mechanism 86 with respect to conveyor belt 82 rotations.By giving the control signal of linear orientation mechanism 394 and rotary positioning mechanism 428, master controller 500 can regulate by doctor blade 214 be applied to the power on 82 and regulate doctor blade 214 with 82 angles that contact.
Each subcontrol 305 control bulk material is handled one or more aspects of annex 6.In one embodiment, each arm 212 comprises subcontrol 305, and this subcontrol produces and makes the control signal of vibration of each its associated arm of damper 304 damping controllably 212.In one embodiment, subcontrol 305 according to from it sensor for example the signal that receives of accelerometer 502 and temperature sensor 504 produce control signal.As mentioned above, damper 304 has the controollable damping rate, and it is linear with respect to the control signal that is received by subcontrol 305.Therefore, in one embodiment, subcontrol 305 can increase the damping of its damper 304 to the control signal stream of damper 304 by increase, and can be by reducing the damping that the control signal stream of giving damper 304 reduce its damper 304.But, other embodiment can utilize such damper 304, and this damper has with respect to control signal that receives and non-linear may command damping rate, and subcontrol 305 can produce control signal according to this non-linear damping speed.
Also represented main supply piece 520 among Figure 58.In one embodiment, the master supplies with the electric signal that piece 520 receives automatic power supply, and regulates and/or change the electric signal of reception, so that provide suitable electric signal to controller 12 and annex 6.In one embodiment, main power source provides AC electric signal to main supply piece 520, and the main piece 520 of supplying with is transformed into the AC electric signal that receives the one or more DC electric signal that are fit to bulk material processing controller 12 and bulk material processing annex 6.
The main piece 520 of supplying with can also produce status signal, and this status signal can be used for providing status information to master controller 500.In one embodiment, the main piece 520 of supplying with can produce status signal, so that to master controller 500 notice electric faults, for example main not enough electric weight of main power source reception of supplying with piece 520 from it, and/or the main piece 520 of supplying with provides not enough electric weight to the parts of bulk material handling system.And, the main piece 520 of supplying with also comprises source of AC or electricity deposit, for example high-power battery or super capacitor, they can be provided for enough electric weight that bulk material processing controller 12 and bulk material are handled annex 6, so as response notify to master controller 500 it mains power failure status signal and carry out failure response.For example, the main electricity deposit of supplying with piece 520 can be provided for enough electric weight of controller 12 and annex 6, so that the situation of security response main power source can not provide electric weight (for example closing) that enough electric weight (for example reducing voltage) maybe can not be provided the time.In one embodiment, master controller 500 can produce control signal, and this control signal causes detent mechanism 510 to make arm 212 from being with 82 to return, and supplies with the box lunch master to prevent when piece 520 can not provide enough electric weight to operate annex 6 that arm 212 from damaging and be with 82.
The details of further having represented the cable connection between the parts (for example with cleaner mechanism 86) that the parts and the bulk material of bulk material processing controller 12 are handled annex among Figure 68.As shown in the figure, each subcontrol 305 can be connected with connecting box 590 by ten (10) individual No. 18 cables, and each rotary positioning mechanism 428 of detent mechanism 530 can be connected with connecting box 590 by three (3) individual No. 14 cables.Master controller 500 can be connected with the linear orientation mechanism 396 of detent mechanism 530 by three (3) individual No. 14 cables, and is connected with plug by three (3) individual No. 18 cables.Master controller 500 can further be connected with subcontrol 305 by ten (10) individual No. 18 cables (these ten No. 18 cables make master controller 500 be connected with connecting box 590), and further is connected with rotary positioning mechanism 428 by five (5) individual No. 14 cables (these five No. 14 cables make master controller 500 be connected with connecting box).Connecting box 590 interconnects the cable of master controller 500 and the cable of subcontrol 305 and rotary positioning mechanism 428 suitably, therefore is provided for making the interconnective center of these parts.
Figure 59 has represented the additional detail about the embodiment of master controller 500.As shown in the figure, in one embodiment, master controller 500 comprises treater 540, memory device 542, one or more I/o interface 544 and real-time clock 546.Treater 540 is roughly managed other parts of master controller 500.Therefore, in one embodiment, treater 540 comprises the firmware of embedding, and treater 540 these firmwares of operation are so that carry out various tasks.Treater 540 can utilize general processor, digital signal processor or microprocessor (they can be obtained by a plurality of makers, for example Intel Corporation, Advanced Micro Device, InternationalBusiness Machines, Texas Instruments etc.) to implement.In one embodiment, treater 540 comprises TMS320LF2407 or the TMS320F2806 digital signal processor of being sold by Texas Instruments, can certainly use other treaters.
One or more I/O interfaces 544 are provided for and the external device (ED) interface of user interface 8, subcontrol 305 and detent mechanism 510 swap datas for example to treater 540.In one embodiment, satellite interface 544 comprises the RS-485 serial interface, and it makes master controller 500 be connected in the garland mode with subcontrol 305.Satellite interface 305 can also comprise other the wired and/or wave point that can be used for making user interface 8, subcontrol 305 and detent mechanism 510 and master controller 500 to be operatively connected.These wired and/or wave points can be including, but not limited to RS-232, RS-422, RS-485 and Controller Area Network (CAN) serial interface; IEE 802.3 (ether) network interface; IEEE 802.11 (WIFI) interface; USB (USB) interface; IEEE 1394 (live wire) interface; PS/2 mouse and keyboard interface; And IEEE 802.15.1 (bluetooth) interface.
Real-time clock 546 provides the current time benchmark to treater 540.Treater 540 can be used for this current time reference from the timestamp data that receives with I/O interface 544 bonded assembly devices.Treater 540 can also be used for real-time clock 546 synchronous operation of other parts of master controller 500 and bulk material handling system.In one embodiment, real-time clock 546 comprises the M41T0M6 real-time timepiece chip from ST Microelectronics.
Figure 60 has represented the additional detail about the embodiment of subcontrol 305.In the embodiment shown, each subcontrol 305 comprises local power supply 550, one or more motion sensor 552, one or more temperature sensor 554, one or more signaling interface 556 and treater 558.Local power supply 550 receives from the main piece 520 of supplying with.Local power supply 550 is regulated and/or the electricity that is provided by main supply piece 520 is provided, so that provide suitable electric signal to the parts of subcontrol 305.
The accelerometer of an embodiment has very little size, the range of temperatures of expansion (operating range-55...+125 ℃ guarantees specification at least in-40...+100 ℃ scope) and bears the ability that 2000g at least impacts.Particularly, accelerometer can comprise MEMS (MicroElectro Mechanical System) type, and they have very little size usually, and can produce the slope information of having only simple low-pass filter.In one embodiment, the accelerometer that is used to measure acceleration/accel comprises the ADXL78 accelerometer, and the accelerometer that is used to measure gradient comprises the ADXL322 accelerometer, and they are all made by Analog Devices.And in one embodiment, accelerometer is arranged on the printed circuit board (PCB) identical with treater 558, and near the analog input of treater 558.And accelerometer is arranged to the pulse width modulation output away from treater 558, so that reduce the electric noise that may destroy accelerometer's signals.
Data obtain piece 560 and receive the measurement signal of regulating by signaling interface 556 from sensor 552,554, and this analog-signal transitions is become digital sample, and this numeral sample is represented the signal that receives.In one embodiment, data obtain piece 552,554 and receive measurement signal from two accelerometers 552, and produce two digitized signals thus.The acceleration/accel of a digitalisation signal indication arm 212, another digitized signal are represented the inclination or the gradient of arm 212.
In one embodiment, first integrator 564 is from digital filter 562 receiving digital signals (this digital signal is represented the acceleration/accel of arm 212), and this signal of integration is so that obtain the digital signal of the speed of expression arm 212.Similarly, in one embodiment, second integral device 566 is from the digital signal of first integrator 564 reception expression speed, and this signal of integration is so that obtain the digital signal of the displacement of expression arm 212.Peak value changer 568, aviation value changer 570 and RMS changer 572 each since digital filter 562 and integrator 564,566 receiving digital signals, and produce signal that expression respectively received peak value, aviation value and the RMS value in the analysis time process.In one embodiment, be set to 0.5 second analysis time.But, in one embodiment, peak value changer 568, aviation value changer 570 and RMS changer 572 can be used in 50 microseconds and analysis time of surpassing between 3 seconds programmes.
Damping control
As mentioned above, the damping of this control damper 304 of subcontrol 305 controls.Particularly in one embodiment, subcontrol 305 produces the control signal of the damper 304 that is used for it according to the measurement signal of the acceleration/accel of expression arm 212.More particularly, subcontrol 305 keeps the control algorithm of suitable cleaning pressure to produce control signal between cleaning mechanism 86 and conveyor belt 82 according to attempting, so that reduce the vibration effect that causes by bigger band defective, and reduce to 82, the abrasion action of cleaning mechanism 86 and other mechanism components.
In the working process of being with cleaning mechanism 86, band cleaner arm 212 and inaccuracy are along the shape of conveyor belt 82, because band cleaning mechanism 86 can not react the variation generation of conveyor belt 82 immediately.Although conscientiously make, the surface 84 of conveyor belt 82 can not be smooth fully.Unevenness with 82 causes on the top 260 of doctor blade 214 and the variable in distance between with 82, because band cleaning mechanism 86 can not produce reaction to this variation with 82 immediately.Distance between top 260 and belt surface 84 also is subjected to the influence of belt sag, bigger band defective and friction.Belt sag will cause the relative slowly motion (for example a few Hz) on belt surface 84 and top 260.But, bigger band defective causes the rapid movement (for example tens or hundreds of Hz) on top 260 usually, because this bigger band defective is clashed on the top.And even without bigger band defective, the friction between top 260 and belt surface 84 causes top 260 to be pushed open from surface 84.
The status signal that is used to control damper 304 by subcontrol 305 can be the one or more status signals that impose on signal selector 574.In one embodiment, subcontrol 305 produces control signal according to the displacement signal of deriving.But, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that one or more other status signals also can be used for other bulk material processing equipment 6 or other band cleaning device 80 embodiment.And, should be known in because in the present embodiment displacement signal is calculated or derived by acceleration signal, so displacement signal may be corresponding to actual displacement, but with the proportional value of actual displacement.
By mathematical analysis and a large amount of test, determine when control signal and status signal have concerning shown in Figure 61-64, will obtain suitable result.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that also other shape or figure can be arranged.
As shown in the example of Figure 61-64, C reacts as control signal, and status signal is depended in damping.Control signal C has and the corresponding minimum value C of minimum damping that is used for the fail safe feature
1Control signal C also has and the corresponding maxim C of maximum damping that is used for safety and stabilization system
2Minimum value C
1With maxim C
2Can determine by the data sheet of damper 304 and the analysis of bulk material handling system.
Figure 61-64 has further represented system parameter S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4System parameter S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4Corresponding to for example acceleration/accel, speed or the displacement of status signal value.In one embodiment, subcontrol 305 is controlled damping according to the displacement state signal, so system parameter S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4Corresponding to each shift value.As shown in the figure, displacement is represented on the x axle, and the electric current of control signal is represented on the y axle.Therefore, in one embodiment, 0 position on the x axle is in initial position corresponding to band cleaner mechanism 86, and wherein doctor blade 214 engages with belt surface 84.And the positive displacement value is corresponding to being with 82 doctor blade 214 pushed open, so mechanical energy is from being with 82 to pass to cleaner arm 212.On the contrary, the negative displacement value is corresponding to 82 initial positions that return it, and band cleaner arm 212 waits by damper 304, friction and discharges mechanical energy.By changing system parameter S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4, can obtain cleaning efficiency, blade abrasion and the arm/frame vibration of varying level.
In actual installation, technical personnel rule of thumb, the feature of the material of system physical size, band feature and transmission is provided with system parameter S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4Technical personnel can analyzing system performance and change coefficient S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4, so that improve this time for the most important parameter of this special purpose.For example, because heavy rain, the material of transmission may become wet and become sticky.Therefore technical personnel can determine temporary transient increasing by doctor blade 212 to be applied to pressure on the belt surface 84.In order to realize this purpose, technical personnel can increase minimum value C
1Thereby, the minimum value of increase control signal.
In addition, control signal figure does not need symmetry.In some cases, asymmetric control signal figure can prove very favourable.The reason of this performance is when the right side has littler slope, and the mechanical energy that is absorbed by external force is lower, because it is lower to connect factor.When the left side had more precipitous slope, the mechanical energy that is dissipated in the environment was higher, because it is higher to connect factor.In one embodiment, maker and technical personnel after a while can be that purpose is selected controlled variable C with the spectral component that reduces in the displacement error
1, C
2, S
1, S
2, S
3, S
4By signal is transformed into frequency domain (Fourier conversion) from time domain, will keep energy content.This is the direct result of Wiener Khintchine theorem (power spectrum density of the steady random processing of broad sense is the Fourier conversion of corresponding autocorrelative function).Therefore, by analyzing the displacement error spectrum in the frequency domain, can select to reduce the parameter of error.In order to select parameter like this, bulk material processing controller 12 can be selected data, and can carry out the algorithm that is provided with described below, so that determine to reduce the controlled variable of displacement error.
The setting of damping control
Figure 65 has represented to be used to be provided with system parameter C by each subcontrol 305
1, C
2, S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4Method, these system parameters C
1, C
2, S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4Be used to produce control signal.Subcontrol 305 selects to be used for system parameter C in piece 602
1, C
2, S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4First class value.For example subcontrol 305 is can the selective system parameter as follows: S
1=-2mm, S
2=-1mm, S
3=0mm, S
4=5mm, C
1=C
Min, C
2=C
MaxIn piece 604, subcontrol 305 is provided with this subcontrol 305 with selected parameter, and the data of collecting about status signal from subcontrol 305 are used to be provided with circulation.In one embodiment, subcontrol 305 is recorded in the displacement error x (t) that is provided with in the circulation.And in one embodiment, it is 1.5 seconds that circular in definition is set, and it is even as big as comprising by with 82 the complete Energizing cycle of lax at least one that causes.For an embodiment of conveyor belt cleaner 80, belt sag is the excitation with maximum cycle.Other excitation for example rubs or the band defective has the shorter cycle usually.But, should be known in that can select difference that the cycle is set, it constitutes the interested maximum excitation cycle for other embodiment of conveyor belt cleaner 80 or for other bulk material annex 6.
Wherein, n is illustrated in f
xThe number of the relevant harmonic wave in [i].In one embodiment, the number of relevant harmonic wave is 55 times of excitation frequencies.But, for easy calculating, in less embedded system n=64,2 minimum time power, it is greater than 55.
In one embodiment, subcontrol 305 is attempted the selective system parameters C
1, C
2, S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4, make the overall displacements error reduce, so that make doctor blade 214 keep the surface 84 of suitable bias voltage against conveyor belt 82.But, can design other method to set up of attempting to reduce response time or toning, like this, subcontrol 305 is arranged to consider to handle certain type bulk material the prior others of operation of annex 6.For example, when the purpose of method to set up was the minimizing toning, cost function can be replaced by new cost function, and this new cost function is defined as:
R
x＝max(|x[i]|)
i＝0...n，
Wherein, max () extracts peaked function from the absolute value tabulation of displacement error x.
Then, subcontrol 305 writes down the value at cost of calculating and relevant group selected parameters C in piece 608
1, C
2, S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4Then, subcontrol 305 determines that in piece 610 whether carrying out another is provided with circulation.In one embodiment, subcontrol 305 is by being used for system parameter C
1, C
2, S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4Probable value come iteration, and also select to repeat another during a probable value when residue circulation be set.In another embodiment, subcontrol 305 comes iteration by probable value, up to satisfying the special cost value or all testing up to all values.For example, subcontrol 305 can be arranged in case one group of parameter causes error (cost) just to stop when being lower than the value of fixing limit.
In piece 612, subcontrol 305 is according to their relevant cost value R
x[i] selects one group of parameters C
1, C
2, S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4In one embodiment, subcontrol 305 attempts to reduce cost or displacement error x (t), therefore selects and this minimum cost R
xOne group of parameters C that [i] is relevant
1, C
2, S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4But should be known in that for other cost function or other embodiment subcontrol 305 can attempt to make bulk material to handle the value at cost maximum of some aspect of annex 6.In this embodiment, subcontrol 305 can be selected the one group parameters C relevant with this maximum value at cost then
1, C
2, S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4
Although subcontrol 305 can be carried out the method for Figure 65 so that initial setting up system parameter C
1, C
2, S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4But subcontrol 305 also can respond other incident and carry out this method.For example, technical personnel may require subcontrol 305 to carry out method to set up when mode of operation changes.For example, technical personnel may require the variation of variation, the humidity of the new conveyor belt of subcontrol 305 response, new transmission material, speed to wait and carry out method to set up.And subcontrol 305 can periodically change controlled variable C a little
1, C
2, S
1, S
2, S
3And S
4, whether provide better result so that check one group of new controlled variable.
By operation method to set up in simulation environment (for example SciLab, Octave or Matlab), can determine for the mechanical parameter that in simulation, uses, C
2=C
Max, C
1=C
Min, S
1=S
2=-1mm, S
3=5mm, S
4The controlled variable of=10mm can be provided for the suitable result with an embodiment of cleaner 80.Therefore, these values are in one embodiment as acquiescence control group.
Safety management
Having represented among Figure 66 can be by the method for managing security of master controller 500 execution.Although Figure 66 is the step of sequential series with this method representation, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that some embodiment can be with the different order execution in step, and can carry out particular step in parallel or pseudo-parallel mode.In piece 630, master controller 500 receives the motor message of the motion feature of expression arm 212 from subcontrol 305.For example, master controller 500 can receive one or more acceleration/accels, speed, displacement, peak value, aviation value and/or the RMS status signal from subcontrol 305.
Whether then, master controller 500 can determine in piece 632 whether the motion of arm 212 can be accepted, perhaps will take some protection action so that keep safety.Following explanation is about determining according to the acceleration condition signal that receives.But should be known in that similar plan can be used for carrying out this according to speed, displacement, peak value, aviation value and/or RMS status signal and determine.In one embodiment, master controller 500 is determined three protection zones basically.Upper area corresponding to than the programming top boundary value a
MaxBigger accekeration.Bottom section is corresponding to boundary value a bottom programming
MinLittler accekeration.Zone line is corresponding to dropping on top boundary value a
MaxWith bottom boundary value a
MinBetween accekeration.When acceleration condition signal indication acceleration/accel was in upper area, master controller 500 determined to take the protection action, and advanced to piece 642 so that take this action.On the contrary, when acceleration condition signal indication acceleration/accel was in bottom section, master controller 500 was determined not take the protection action, and advances to piece 634 so that determine whether to take the protection action according to the state of temperature signal.
For the acceleration/accel in the protection zone in the middle of dropping on, master controller 500 excites the protection action with delayed mode, and postpones to be defined as:
t＝k
t·e
-α·kc
Wherein, α represents instantaneous acceleration, k
tAnd k
cIt is pre-determined factor.In one embodiment, top boundary, bottom boundary and coefficient are defined as a
Max=500m/s
2a
Min=250m/s
2k
t=1000; And k
c=1/32.By responding for the acceleration lag that drops in the zone line; master controller 500 makes bulk material handle the short period section that annex 6 can have the acceleration/accel in zone line, but excites the protection action when the acceleration/accel that is higher than the bottom boundary keeps necessarily extending the time period.
Except top three protection zones, technical personnel can also use user interface 8 to determine the relevant boundary of difference with acceleration/accel, speed and displacement between the alternate arm 212 of being with cleaner 80.When master controller 500 determined that the movement differential amount of alternate arm 212 surpasses the boundary that is provided with by technical personnel, master controller 500 can be determined to advance to piece 642 so that take the protection action.The reason that arm 212 may carry out different motion is that cleaner mechanism 86 may not have suitable installation, therefore make arm 212 not with conveyor belt 82 proper alignment.Another reason is to be with 82 possibility partial failures, causes a subcontrol 305 to bear obviously higher impact.No matter reason how, the big movement differential between arm 212 is represented the potential dangerous operation with cleaner 80, therefore impels master controller 500 to take action.
When motion can be accepted, master controller 500 can receive the state of temperature signal from subcontrol 305 in piece 634, and can determine whether can be accepted by the temperature of the status signal report that receives in piece 636.In one embodiment, when leaving particular range by the temperature of subcontrol 305 reports, master controller 500 determines to advance to piece 642 so that take the protection action.In one embodiment, technical personnel can use user interface 8 according to material, rule and other environmental conditions of conveyor belt material, transmission temperature limitation to be set.For example, in potential explosion environment, temperature limitation can be decided by the comb. of this particular surroundings.
In piece 638, master controller 500 can be from the main status signal that receives piece 520 and the local power supply 550 about the power supply capacity of each unit of supplying with.Master controller 500 can determine whether to take the protection action according to the power state signal that receives in piece 640.In one embodiment, master controller 500 advances to piece 642, can not fully work or main the supply taked the protection action when piece 520 fluctuates outside some safe limit with any local power supply 550 of box lunch.
In piece 642, master controller 500 is taked the protection action.In one embodiment, master controller 500 produces control signals, this control signal make detent mechanism 530 make cleaner mechanism 86 and all arms 212 leave and be with 82 to return.And master controller 500 also sends information about protection action of taking and the reason of taking action by user interface 8 to technical personnel.
Except above-mentioned safety method, in one embodiment, conveyor belt cleaner 80 comprises other protection feature.Particularly, in one embodiment, the damper 304 of band cleaner arm 212 is biased into minimum damping value C in advance
1Therefore, when bulk material processing controller 12 lost efficacy, damping was converted to lower safety value automatically, and kept like this recovering whole mode of operation up to the maintenance personnel.And pre-bias voltage protection damper 304 is because this device may damage owing to be subjected to bigger swing when damper winding is not powered.
Action monitoring ﹠amp; Performance data stores (AM﹠amp; FDS)
In one embodiment, master controller 500 each subcontrol 305 of inquiry are so that obtain motion, temperature and other status data from subcontrol 305.In one embodiment, master controller 500 is regularly to subcontrol 305 these data of inquiry.In another embodiment, replace each subcontrol 305 of inquiry, subcontrol 305 regularly sends the status information of collecting to master controller 500.No matter how master controller 500 obtains data from subcontrol 305, in one embodiment, master controller 500 keeps activation record, and this activation record comprises the operating value of each arm 212, the time mark of this value and the relevant parameter that is used to operate this arm 212.Relevant parameter comprises above-mentioned measurement and derivation value and other value, for example is used for the range of safety operation of each security feature.
As previously mentioned, in one embodiment, each subcontrol 305 has can be by calculating the ability of measuring or estimating following instantaneous value: acceleration/accel, speed, displacement, pitch of boom (inclination) and temperature.And each subcontrol 305 can calculate following value for the sample of respectively measuring of acceleration/accel, speed and displacement: aviation value, peak value, mean effective value.These values can be used for the monitoring system action by master controller 500, and parts are regulated.
For example, master controller 500 can be determined the mode of operation of each arm 212 according to pitch of boom.Particularly, master controller 500 can be inquired each subcontrol 305 on the basis of rule.Therefore, master controller 500 can keep the pitch of boom data logging of each arm 212.Master controller 500 can keep this record, and like this, the first arm degree of dip of each arm 212 input is corresponding to when mounted pitch of boom reference value.Then, master controller 500 can use the measurement of pitch of boom data with 82 wearing and tearing, because when being with 82 wearing and tearing, the angle of arm 212 or degree of dip change.
Various feature of the present invention has been carried out special expression and explanation in conjunction with example embodiment of the present invention, but must know, these special constructions are the example explanation, and the present invention will be to the explanation of its fullest.
Claims (20)
1. a bulk material handling system comprises:
The bulk material processing equipment is used to transmit bulk material; And
Bulk material is handled annex, be used for when transmitting bulk material, helping the bulk material processing equipment, this bulk material is handled annex and is comprised the controller with one or more sensors, this controller produces control signal, so that regulate the operation that bulk material is handled annex according at least one status signal of these one or more sensors, this controller also produces control signal according to status signal, so that the signal response figure that control is determined by a plurality of system parameter values.
2. bulk material handling system according to claim 1, wherein: these a plurality of system parameter values comprise minimum value and maxim, minimum value is determined minimum level that be associated with failsafe operation, control signal, and maxim determines to handle with bulk material the stable operation maximum horizontal that be associated, control signal of annex.
3. bulk material handling system according to claim 1, wherein: controller is according to the predetermined relationship of this at least one status signal and the lower limit and the upper limit and the start protection action.
4. bulk material handling system according to claim 3, wherein: controller surpasses in limited time or start protection action when this at least one status signal is between the upper and lower bound definite at least delay time at this at least one status signal.
5. bulk material handling system according to claim 1, wherein: the bulk material processing equipment comprises the bulk material forwarder, and
Bulk material is handled annex and is comprised the bulk material cleaner, so that bulk material is struck off from the bulk material forwarder.
6. bulk material handling system according to claim 1, wherein:
The bulk material processing equipment comprises one or more hoppers, and
Bulk material is handled annex and is comprised one or more air bubbles, so that bulk material is moved along this hopper.
7. bulk material handling system according to claim 1, wherein:
The bulk material processing equipment comprises skewed slot, and
Bulk material is handled annex and is comprised one or more vibrators, so that bulk material is moved by skewed slot.
8. bulk material processing equipment comprises:
Bulk material forwarder, this bulk material forwarder comprise band so that transmit bulk material;
Strike off parts, be used for striking off bulk material from being with of bulk material forwarder, this strikes off parts the motion sensor that is associated with it, so that produce the status signal that the motion of parts is struck off in indication;
Damper, this damper with strike off parts and be connected, this damper comes damping to strike off the motion of parts according to control signal; And
Controller is used for producing according to status signal the control signal of damper.
9. bulk material processing equipment according to claim 8, wherein:
Controller produces control signal according to status signal, so that the signal response figure that control is determined by a plurality of system parameter values.
10. bulk material handling system according to claim 9, wherein: these a plurality of system parameter values comprise minimum value and maxim, minimum value is determined and the failsafe operation of striking off parts minimum level that be associated, control signal, and maxim is determined and the stable operation of striking off parts maximum horizontal that be associated, control signal.
11. bulk material handling system according to claim 8, wherein: controller is according to the predetermined relationship of this status signal and the lower limit and the upper limit and the start protection action.
12. bulk material handling system according to claim 11, wherein: controller surpasses in limited time or start protection action when this status signal is between the upper and lower bound definite at least delay time at this status signal.
13. bulk material handling system according to claim 8, also comprise: detent mechanism, be used to make and strike off parts with respect to the band of bulk material forwarder location, wherein, controller response indication strike off parts unacceptable motion status signal and produce the signal that the band that makes detent mechanism make to strike off parts to leave the bulk material forwarder is return.
14. bulk material handling system according to claim 8 also comprises:
Detent mechanism is used to make and strikes off parts with respect to the band of bulk material forwarder location;
Temperature sensor, the temperature signal that is used to produce index strip, bulk material and/or strikes off the temperature of parts;
Wherein, controller response index strip, bulk material and/or the temperature of striking off parts are left the temperature signal of particular range and are produced the signal that the band that makes detent mechanism make to strike off parts to leave the bulk material forwarder is return.
15. bulk material handling system according to claim 8 also comprises:
Another strikes off parts, be used for striking off bulk material from being with of bulk material forwarder, this another strike off parts another motion sensor that is associated with it arranged another strikes off another status signal of the motion of parts so that produce indication;
Another damper, this another damper strikes off parts with another and is connected, and this another damper is used for coming damping this another to strike off the motion of parts according to another control signal; And
Detent mechanism, be used to make strike off parts and this another strike off parts with respect to the band of bulk material forwarder location;
Wherein, controller produces another control signal that is used for this another damper according to this another status signal, and according to indication strike off parts and this another strike off the difference value value beyond the mark of the status signal of motion of parts and another status signal and the start protection action.
16. bulk material handling system according to claim 8 also comprises:
Another strikes off parts, be used for striking off bulk material from being with of bulk material forwarder, this another strike off parts another motion sensor that is associated with it arranged another strikes off another status signal of the motion of parts so that produce indication;
Another damper, this another damper strikes off parts with another and is connected, and this another damper is used for coming damping this another to strike off the motion of parts according to another control signal; And
Detent mechanism, be used to make strike off parts and this another strike off parts with respect to the band of bulk material forwarder location;
Wherein, controller comprises: subcontrol, this subcontrol with strike off component physical and be connected; Another subcontrol, this another subcontrol strikes off component physical with another and is connected; And master controller, this master controller and subcontrol, this another subcontrol and detent mechanism communicate to connect;
Subcontrol comprises motion sensor, and produces the control signal that is used for damper;
This another subcontrol comprises another motion sensor, and produces another control signal that is used for another damper; And
Master controller produces one or more position signals according to status signal and another status signal, strikes off parts with respect to the band location so that make detent mechanism will strike off parts with another.
17. a bulk material processing method comprises:
Produce the status signal that the motion of parts is struck off in indication when striking off parts when removing bulk material from the bulk material forwarder;
Produce control signal according to this status signal and the status signal that is used for the control signal figure; And
Come damping to strike off the motion of parts according to this control signal.
18. bulk material processing method according to claim 17 also comprises:
Strike off parts by indication and produce the displacement error data with respect to the status signal of the displacement error of the band of bulk material forwarder;
Produce value at cost by these displacement error data; And
According to having the value at cost of predetermined relationship to regulate the parameter of determining status signal, with the control signal figure with margin amount.
19. bulk material processing method according to claim 17 also comprises:
The status signal that is struck off the error of parts when maintenance contacts with the band of bulk material forwarder by indication produces error information;
Produce value at cost according to the frequency component of extracting by error information; And
According to having the value at cost of predetermined relationship to regulate the parameter of determining status signal, with the control signal figure with margin amount.
20. bulk material processing method according to claim 17 also comprises:
On status signal surpasses in limited time or start protection action when this status signal is between the upper and lower bound definite at least delay time.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US82410306P | 2006-08-31 | 2006-08-31 | |
| US60/824,103 | 2006-08-31 | ||
| US60/885,084 | 2007-01-16 | ||
| US11/839,109 | 2007-08-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101528568A true CN101528568A (en) | 2009-09-09 |
Family
ID=41095710
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007800386876A Expired - Fee Related CN101528570B (en) | 2006-08-31 | 2007-08-16 | Bulk material handling system |
| CNA200780038577XA Pending CN101528568A (en) | 2006-08-31 | 2007-08-16 | Bulk material handling system and control |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007800386876A Expired - Fee Related CN101528570B (en) | 2006-08-31 | 2007-08-16 | Bulk material handling system |
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| CN (2) | CN101528570B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102991996B (en) * | 2012-10-04 | 2015-05-20 | 昆山特力伯传动科技有限公司 | Control method and control device of conveyer belt device |
| DE202014007229U1 (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2015-07-01 | F.E. Schulte Strathaus GmbH & Co. KG Fördertechnik Dichtungssysteme | Conveyor belt scraping device |
| CN108372513A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-08-07 | 上汽时代动力电池系统有限公司 | A kind of battery modules automation grabbing device |
| PL4157764T3 (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2024-03-18 | KILL-FRECH, Cornelia | Scraper with an easily replaceable scraper element |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4696389A (en) * | 1984-04-30 | 1987-09-29 | Hosch-Fordertechnik Gmbh | Mounting for a conveyer belt scraper assembly |
| US4825997A (en) * | 1987-10-09 | 1989-05-02 | Martin Engineering Co. | Pneumatically actuated tensioning arrangement for conveyor belt cleaner |
| AU2002254229B2 (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2006-07-27 | Martin Engineering Company | Conveyor belt cleaning system |
| CN2483360Y (en) * | 2001-05-09 | 2002-03-27 | 徐显琛 | Positive pressing type scraper of belt cleaning device |
| CN2704567Y (en) * | 2004-05-20 | 2005-06-15 | 徐显琛 | Belt cleaner with scraper plate positioner |
-
2007
- 2007-08-16 CN CN2007800386876A patent/CN101528570B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-08-16 CN CNA200780038577XA patent/CN101528568A/en active Pending
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| CN101528570B (en) | 2012-08-22 |
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Application publication date: 20090909 |