CN101526557A - Electricity steal-resistance load management method - Google Patents
Electricity steal-resistance load management method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for avoiding and indicating fraudulence, in particular to an electricity steal-resistance load management method. The method acquires each subharmonic signal for detecting current circuit in real time, selects the harmonic signal with minimum amplitude in a special frequency range, and takes the frequency of the harmonic signal with minimum amplitude as the frequency of a detection signal; therefore, the selected detection signal initiatively avoids the harmonic signal with larger interference. The invention overcomes the effect that only disturbing signals with fixed frequency can be sent in the prior art and guarantees the accuracy of detecting results. Meanwhile, the method can detect various electricity-stealing incidents such as the current circuit is open circuited, the current circuit is short circuited, and a high-ratio current transformator is replaced, thereby being an electricity steal-resistance load management method for detecting various electricity stealing over all.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to avoid and indicate the method for duplicity use, specifically is the electricity steal-resistance load management method of the various electric current stealings of a kind of complete detection.
Background technology
Notification number is that the utility model patent of CN2754103Y discloses a kind of thief-proof electric energy meter that can monitor CT (current transformer) state, by in electronic electric energy meter, setting up disturbance component, adopt method of perturbation to measure the state of CT: by the Single-chip Controlling multiway analog switch disturbing signal of characteristic frequency to be injected the metering circuit loop, detect the current perturbation of this characteristic frequency and just can judge that this CT is in normal condition still by short circuit or open circuit.Because electricity consumption watch core sheet is measured current electric current and voltage and performance number in the document, the characteristic of described ammeter chip determines it can only measure first-harmonic, can not measure each harmonic, so the harmonic signal that can't obtain in the particular electrical circuit is a noise signal, and then can't differentiate the annoyance level of each frequency noise signal; The disturbing signal detecting of the signal generator emission fixed frequency by adopting two fixed frequencies in the document has or not stealing to take place.Owing to adopted the disturbing signal of fixed frequency, near (be in 10% scope of noise signal frequencies in the disturbing signal frequency time), can't determine whether the generation of stealing situation in noise signal and described disturbing signal frequency.In fact the intensity of the each harmonic signal of various circuit has nothing in common with each other, disclosed electric energy meter can not be measured harmonic signal and disturbing signal is fixed in the document, so can't when the disturbing signal of additional characteristic frequency, initiatively avoid noise signal (above-mentioned harmonic signal), also just can't select the disturbing signal of reasonable frequency according to the circuit self-characteristic, cause described electric energy meter to be suitable under specific circumstances, useful range is narrow, measurement result under a lot of situations all is inaccurate, and especially measurement result is unreliable when noise pollution is serious.In addition, the electric energy meter of the document can only be measured the state of CT open circuit or short circuit, can not detect the electric current electricity filching behavior of changing large velocity ratio CT, so the ammeter in the document does not have the function of the various electric current electricity filching behaviors of comprehensive monitoring.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide the electricity steal-resistance load management method of the various electric current stealings of a kind of complete detection.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of electricity steal-resistance load management method comprises the steps:
1. in the polyphase current loop, select a phase current loop as detecting current return;
2. judge in the described detection current return whether electric current is arranged;
3. to the harmonic signal frequency sweep of described detection current return, obtain each harmonic signal in the scheduled frequency range according to step judged result 2.;
4. choose the minimum amplitude harmonic signal in the each harmonic signal in described scheduled frequency range, and with the frequency of described minimum amplitude harmonic signal as the detection signal frequency;
5. described detection signal is coupled to described detection current return;
6. gather the described detection signal in the described detection current return;
7. the predetermined value that the described detection signal gathered and described measurement current return are not had the stealing state compares, and judges to have or not the stealing incident to take place;
8. with described judged result output.
When the described detection current return of step judged result 2. electric current was zero, the described scheduled frequency range of step in 3. was 600hz-1000hz.
When step judged result 2. detects the current return electric current when non-vanishing, the described scheduled frequency range of step in 3. is 5khz-30khz.
Described stealing incident is that described detection current return is opened a way, short circuit, replacing large velocity ratio CT.
The step 5. cycle number of the middle described detection signal of gathering is ten.
Step compares by effective value and the described predetermined value of calculating described detection signal in 7..
Adopt fast fourier transformation algorithm to calculate the effective value of the described detection signal of being gathered.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
The real-time acquisition testing current return of electricity steal-resistance load management method of the present invention each harmonic signal, in particular frequency range, select the harmonic signal of amplitude minimum, with the frequency of the minimum harmonic signal of the described amplitude frequency as detection signal, the detection signal of selecting has so initiatively avoided disturbing bigger harmonic signal.Overcome and to have sent the fixed frequency disturbing signal in the prior art and then cause the inaccurate drawback of testing result, guaranteed the accurate of testing result.Simultaneously, electricity steal-resistance load management method of the present invention can detect that current return is opened a way, current return is by short circuit and be replaced the various electric current stealing of current mutual inductor with high transforming ratio incident, is the electricity steal-resistance load management method of the various electric current stealings of a kind of complete detection.
Description of drawings
For the easier quilt of content of the present invention is clearly understood, below according to a particular embodiment of the invention and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is the signal coupling circuit of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the signal acquisition circuit of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is fraudulent use load management terminal link position figure in the one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the anti-electricity-theft testing process figure of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
As one embodiment of the present of invention, be example with the three-phase four-line system system, the present invention also is applicable to the three-phase three-wire circuit system certainly.
A kind of fraudulent use load management terminal that electricity steal-resistance load management method of the present invention was suitable for comprises fraudulent use detection device; And the supply module, data management module, the communication module that are electrically connected with described fraudulent use detection device, wherein said communication module is local communication module or local communication module and wireless communication module, to realize the conventional func of described load management terminal.Wherein, described data management module mainly is responsible for the statistics of data, the parsing of power load management system data transmission stipulations, data acquisition, load control, time keeping, terminal debugging etc.Described data management module receives the various data that described fraudulent use detection device is passed back; And by described wireless communication module and management main website realization exchanges data.Described local communication module provides isolates 232 interfaces, the communication that is used to debug described terminal management apparatus or realization and described terminal management apparatus.Described supply module is for whole described terminal management apparatus provides power supply.Described power supply can provide 5V, 3.3V, 12V etc. as required.What described data management module, described local communication module, described wireless communication module, described power management module were realized is the conventional func of electricity load management terminal, and this does not give unnecessary details.Described fraudulent use detection device is realized exchanging and is gathered and two kinds of functions of stealing detection.
Wherein, described fraudulent use detection device comprises: a selected cell is used for selecting a phase current loop as detecting current return in the polyphase current loop; A signal gathering unit is used for gathering the each harmonic signal of described detection current return or detection signal; A detection unit receives the each harmonic signal of described signal gathering unit collection and detects each harmonic signal in the scheduled frequency range or described detection signal according to the current status branch in the described detection current return respectively; An AD conversion unit is used for that described detection unit is detected each harmonic signal in the scheduled frequency range and the analog signal conversion of described detection signal is a data-signal; Comparing unit, be used to receive the data-signal of the each harmonic signal in the scheduled frequency range that described AD conversion unit changes out, and the data-signal of the each harmonic signal in the described scheduled frequency range compared, select wherein minimum amplitude harmonic signal; A frequency generator, the frequency of the minimum amplitude harmonic signal correspondence of selecting according to described comparing unit is sent the described detection signal of same frequency; A described signal coupling unit is used for described detection signal is coupled to described detection current return; A signal processing unit, store the predetermined value of described detection signal at no stealing state, described processing unit receives the described detection signal that described detection unit detects, and calculate the effective value of described detection signal, described effective value and the described predetermined value of calculating the described detection signal of gained are compared, judge to have or not the stealing incident to take place; An output unit is used to export comparison, the judged result of described signal processing unit.Wherein, described comparing unit, described frequency generator and described signal processing unit are integrated in the central processing unit.
In the present embodiment, described signal gathering unit is three signal acquisition circuits, and each described signal acquisition circuit comprises a Verification of Measuring Current Transformer that is arranged on current signal on the described detection current return, that be used for gathering described detection current return; Described signal coupling unit is three signal coupling circuits, and wherein each described signal coupling circuit comprises a coupling Current Transformer that is used for described detection signal is coupled to described detection current return; Described coupling Current Transformer and described Verification of Measuring Current Transformer are series in the described detection current return.The described coupling Current Transformer and the described Verification of Measuring Current Transformer spacing that are series at same described detection current return are 12 millimeters.Described detection unit is the programmable filter of a U.S. letter 262, described programmable filter receives the phase current current in loop signal that a described signal acquisition circuit is gathered, and divides harmonic signal or the detection signal that detects certain frequency under the control of central processing unit.Described selected cell is the analog switch of U.S. letter 3051, and it receives three current signals that described three signal acquisition circuits are gathered out, and a current signal will selecting flows to described programmable filter.Described AD conversion unit is an analog to digital conversion circuit.
The programmable filter of the also available LM10 of National Semiconductor of programmable filter of U.S. letter 262 substitutes described in the present embodiment.
The described coupling Current Transformer that is series in the same phase current loop should be equal to, or greater than 10 millimeters to the distance of described Verification of Measuring Current Transformer, prevent described coupling Current Transformer and the mutual interference mutually of described Verification of Measuring Current Transformer, guarantee its normal use.
Wherein, shown in Figure 1 is the described signal coupling circuit of present embodiment, the base stage of triode shown in the figure receives the detection signal that central processing unit sends, and the coupling Current Transformer by the back utmost point couples a signal to described coupling Current Transformer secondary side loop, promptly detects in the current return.Be connected with a diode between the emitting stage of described triode and collector, the secondary side of described coupling Current Transformer is connected with another diode, plays the effect of the described signal coupling circuit of protection.
Shown in Figure 2 is the described signal acquisition circuit of present embodiment, modulate circuit for single supply operational amplifier formation, as shown in the figure, by the current signal in the Verification of Measuring Current Transformer acquisition testing current return, the input end of the output termination analog-digital conversion circuit as described of amplifier is used to realize the collection of fundamental signal in the solid box; The input end of the described programmable filter of output termination of amplifier is used to gather the each harmonic signal in the frame of broken lines.Between the input end of first order operational amplifier, be parallel with the opposite diode of both direction, breakdown under the situation of current break, and then conducting, play the top effect that disappears.
During use, described fraudulent use load management terminal and electric energy meter are series in the current return, link position as shown in Figure 3.
The course of work of described fraudulent use detection device is as follows, with reference to shown in Figure 4: at first, select a phase current loop as detecting current return, corresponding to step S31 in the three-phase current loop by analog switch; Gather current status in the described detection current return by described signal acquisition circuit, judge in the described detection current return whether electric current is arranged, corresponding to step S32.
When electric current is zero in the described detection current return, gather current signal in the described detection current return by described signal acquisition circuit earlier; Detect each harmonic signal between the 600hz-1000hz by described programmable filter then, and be converted to data volume by analog-digital conversion circuit as described; Follow described comparing unit and receive the each harmonic signal that analog-digital conversion circuit as described changes out and compare, select the wherein harmonic signal of minimum amplitude correspondence; Said method is corresponding to step S34.Send the pulse signal identical as detection signal by described central processing unit then again, be coupled to by described signal coupling circuit and detect in the current return, corresponding to step S35 with the minimum amplitude harmonic frequency signal; Gather the current signal of ten cycles in the described detection current return successively again by signal acquisition circuit, corresponding to step S36; Detect described detection signal by described detecting circuit again, and be converted to data volume by analog-digital conversion circuit as described; The described detection signal of changing out is sent to described signal processing unit, calculates the effective value of described detection signal by described signal processing unit, corresponding to step S37; And the current effective value during with the described detection current return open circuit that prestores in described effective value and central processing unit when detection current return open circuit (described noise figure) compares; The current effective value when if the effective value of the detection signal that calculates is opened a way less than described detection current return, then described detection current return open circuit, expression has the stealing incident to take place, corresponding to step S38 and S41; Otherwise, the current effective value when if the effective value of the detection signal that calculates is greater than or equal to described detection current return open circuit and less than detecting current return definite value (detecting the current value of detection signal under the current return normal operating conditions), the then corresponding current transformer that has been replaced large velocity ratio mutually, expression has the stealing incident to take place, corresponding to step S40.The current effective value when if the effective value of the detection signal that calculates is greater than or equal to described detection current return open circuit and also be greater than or equal to and detect the current return definite value, then described detection current return is normal, represent that no stealing incident takes place, corresponding to step S42.
When described detection current return electric current is zero, be chosen in the interscan of 600hz-1000hz particular frequency range in the present embodiment, the scope of described characteristic frequency is by the characteristic decision of current transformer, promptly by described operation of current transformers frequency range decision, the set specific frequency signal of selecting is promptly wanted without hindrance transmission (cutoff frequency that promptly can not be higher than described current transformer), also to avoid the bigger harmonic wave of on-the-spot interference and (promptly mainly avoid on-the-spot 7 relatively abundanter subharmonic, 9 subharmonic and 11 subharmonic), should avoid the bigger harmonic frequency signal of above-mentioned interference when selecting described detection signal frequency, avoid detection signal and original noise signal to interfere with each other, influence the degree of accuracy of the detection signal that collects, and then influence the accuracy of testing result.The frequency of finding out minimum amplitude noise signal correspondence is as the detection signal frequency, promptly selecting the signal frequency of humorous intensity of wave the most weak (being the amplitude minimum) in the certain frequency scope is the detection signal frequency, avoid disturbing in the described detection electric current current return bigger harmonic wave, improve anti-humorous intensity of wave, guarantee the reliability of testing result.Detection signal in the present embodiment is to determine constantly according to the power of the each harmonic signal in the described detection current return, be the result of Dynamic Selection in particular frequency range, avoided disturbing bigger harmonic signal, overcome in the prior art can only additional fastening frequency disturbance signal drawback, assurance can both drop to harmonic interference minimum in all cases, guarantees the accurate, reliable of testing result.In like manner, when electric current was non-vanishing in the described detection current return, described central processing unit was controlled described programmable filter branch and is detected each harmonic signal in the particular frequency range of 5khz-30khz.
When electric current is non-vanishing in the described detection current return, earlier gather current signal in the described detection current return by described signal acquisition circuit; Detect each harmonic signal between the 5khz-30khz by described programmable filter then, and be converted to data volume by analog-digital conversion circuit as described; Follow described comparing unit and receive the each harmonic signal that described journey analog to digital conversion circuit changes out and compare, select the wherein harmonic signal of minimum amplitude correspondence, preceding method is corresponding to step S43; Send the pulse signal identical as detection signal by described central processing unit then again, be coupled in the described detection current return, corresponding to step S44 by described signal coupling circuit with the minimum amplitude harmonic frequency signal; Gather the current signal of ten cycles in the described detection current return successively again by described signal acquisition circuit, detect described detection signal by described detecting circuit again, and be converted to data volume, corresponding to step S45 by analog-digital conversion circuit as described; The described detection signal of changing out is sent to described signal processing unit, calculates the effective value of described detection signal by described signal processing unit, corresponding to step S46; And the current effective value during with the described detection short circuit of current loop that prestores in described effective value and the central processing unit compares; If the current effective value of the effective value of the detection signal that calculates during greater than described detection short circuit of current loop, then described phase short circuit, expression have the stealing incident to take place; Otherwise the current effective value when if the effective value of the detection signal that calculates is less than or equal to described detection short circuit of current loop, then described detection current return place circuitry phase is normal, represents that no stealing incident takes place.
Described fraudulent use detection device has or not the situation that the stealing incident takes place to send described data management module to detected, the described stealing situation that has or not is exported by described communication module by described data management module.
One phase current loop is detected and is finished, under the control of described central processing unit, select a phase current loop as detecting current return again by described analog switch, repeat above-mentioned stealing testing process, all test up to all the phase current loops that need measure and to finish, then stealing detects and finishes, corresponding to step S50 and S51.
Wherein, described signal processing unit calculates the effective value of described detection current return by fast fourier transformation algorithm.
Fraudulent use detection device of the present invention can be realized AC sampling, and then realizes the metering of electric energy, and therefore described fraudulent use detection device of the present invention or described fraudulent use load management terminal can be directly installed on the installation site of electric energy meter fully, replace described electric energy meter.Described AC sampling realizes in accordance with the following methods: described detection current return by Verification of Measuring Current Transformer receiving test circuit loop electric current and the analog quantity by voltage in the electric resistance partial pressure method acquisition testing loop be sent to analog to digital conversion circuit, analog-digital conversion circuit as described sends the data-signal of voltage in the described detection loop of changing out to central processing unit, central processing unit is according to fast fourier transformation algorithm, calculate the data such as effective voltage, electric current, active power, reactive power, power factor, electric weight of described detection current return, realize AC sampling.Simultaneously can judge whether various voltage stealing situations take place, such as whether having voltage stealing situations such as the voltage phase failure, voltage decompression, electric current and voltage phase sequence mistake to take place according to the result of AC sampling.Because of the technology that detects the voltage stealing is a prior art, this does not give unnecessary details.
In the present embodiment, described multiway analog switch is positioned at the front end of described programmable filter, is used to select a phase current current in loop to import described programmable filter, so the number of described programmable filter is one.To those skilled in the art, if described multiway analog switch is placed the rear end of described programmable filter, the front end of analog-digital conversion circuit as described, be used to select phase current current in loop input analog-digital conversion circuit as described, then the number of described programmable filter can be three, to be complementary with described signal acquisition circuit, each described programmable filter only is used for the electric current of a mutually described current return is carried out detection.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, described selected cell is a multidiameter option switch; Described signal gathering unit is a signal acquisition circuit that adopts the dual power supply operational amplifier to constitute; Described signal coupling unit is a signal coupling circuit; Described detection unit is a multifrequency point wave filter; Described signal coupling circuit, described signal acquisition circuit and described multifrequency point wave filter constitute a cover signal coupling, collection and filtering circuit, the described shared successively described cover signal coupling of current return, collection and the detecting circuit of respectively detecting mutually.Described multidiameter option switch is positioned at the front end of described signal acquisition circuit, is used to select a phase current loop to carry out described signals collecting.Described comparing unit and described signal processing unit all are made of threshold circuit, and wherein, the threshold value of the threshold circuit of described signal processing unit is the current value of described detection signal during no stealing in the described testing circuit loop.
The detailed process that stealing detects is as follows: at first, select a phase current loop as detecting current return by described selected cell, realize the collection of electric signal by described signal coupling, collection and filtering circuit.And then judge whether electric current is zero in the described detection current return, selects the frequency range of harmonic signal according to judged result.Specifically be, when the electric current in the described detection current return was zero, the frequency range of described harmonic signal was 600hz-1000hz, and when the electric current in the described detection current return was non-vanishing, the frequency range of described harmonic signal was 5khz-30khz.Then, the each harmonic signal that collects is sent to the threshold circuit of described comparing unit, selects the minimum amplitude harmonic signal by described threshold circuit.Then, send and the consistent detection signal of described minimum amplitude harmonic frequency signal, be coupled in the described detection current return of selecting via described signal coupling circuit by described central processing unit.Again then, gather described detection signal by described signal acquisition circuit and described multifrequency point wave filter.At last, described detection signal compares via described signal processing unit threshold circuit, judges to have or not the stealing incident to take place.Concrete deterministic process is with first embodiment, and this does not give unnecessary details.
One phase current loop is detected and is finished, and selects another phase current loop by described multidiameter option switch again and carries out the stealing detection as detecting current return, detects up to all phase current loops to finish.
For the three-phase three-wire circuit system, the number of described signal acquisition circuit and described signal coupling circuit is two.Because in the three-phase three-wire circuit system, only need to survey the biphase current current in loop and can finish stealing detection and electric quantity metering, so all there are separately independently Acquisition Circuit and signal coupling circuit in every phase current loop, the shared described programmable filter in described biphase current loop.
For three-phase four-line system system or three-phase three-wire circuit system, the number of described signal acquisition circuit and described signal coupling circuit is one, each detects the collection and the coupling of shared described signal acquisition circuit of current return and described signal coupling circuit realization signal mutually, to reach the purpose of saving cost.
Obviously, the foregoing description only is for example clearly is described, and is not the qualification to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here need not also can't give exhaustive to all embodiments.And conspicuous variation of being extended out thus or change still are among the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. an electricity steal-resistance load management method is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1. in the polyphase current loop, select a phase current loop as detecting current return;
2. judge in the described detection current return whether electric current is arranged;
3. to the harmonic signal frequency sweep of described detection current return, obtain each harmonic signal in the scheduled frequency range according to step judged result 2.;
4. choose the minimum amplitude harmonic signal in the each harmonic signal in described scheduled frequency range, and with the frequency of described minimum amplitude harmonic signal as the detection signal frequency;
5. described detection signal is coupled to described detection current return;
6. gather the described detection signal in the described detection current return;
7. the predetermined value that the described detection signal gathered and described measurement current return are not had the stealing state compares, and judges to have or not the stealing incident to take place;
8. with described judged result output.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when the described detection current return of step judged result 2. electric current was zero, the described scheduled frequency range of step in 3. was 600hz-1000hz.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when step judged result 2. detects the current return electric current when non-vanishing, the described scheduled frequency range of step in 3. is 5khz-30khz.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described stealing incident is that described detection current return is opened a way, short circuit, replacing large velocity ratio CT.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the step 5. cycle number of the middle described detection signal of gathering is ten.
6. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step compares by effective value and the described predetermined value of calculating described detection signal in 7..
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: adopt fast fourier transformation algorithm to calculate the effective value of described detection signal.
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| CN 200910131784 CN101526557B (en) | 2009-04-02 | 2009-04-02 | Electricity steal-resistance load management method |
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| CN 200910131784 CN101526557B (en) | 2009-04-02 | 2009-04-02 | Electricity steal-resistance load management method |
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| CN101526557A true CN101526557A (en) | 2009-09-09 |
| CN101526557B CN101526557B (en) | 2010-08-25 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104316816A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-01-28 | 国家电网公司 | Single-phase residential energy meter missort checking method |
| CN104614565A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-13 | 国家电网公司 | Method for determining abnormal short circuit and electricity stealing of current incoming line loop of electric energy meter |
| CN108196218A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-06-22 | 深圳市锐能微科技有限公司 | Detection circuit, method and the electric energy meter of circuit transfer function variation |
| CN113567719A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-29 | 齐宜泽 | Electricity stealing behavior judgment method and system based on current harmonic waves and waveforms |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2589995Y (en) * | 2001-04-23 | 2003-12-03 | 方伟 | Anti-theft arrangement electric device |
| US7106044B1 (en) * | 2005-08-02 | 2006-09-12 | General Electric Company | Systems, methods, and apparatuses for detecting residential electricity theft in firmware |
-
2009
- 2009-04-02 CN CN 200910131784 patent/CN101526557B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104316816A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-01-28 | 国家电网公司 | Single-phase residential energy meter missort checking method |
| CN104316816B (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2017-11-21 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of single-phase resident's electric energy meter is visited one house after another investigation method |
| CN104614565A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-13 | 国家电网公司 | Method for determining abnormal short circuit and electricity stealing of current incoming line loop of electric energy meter |
| CN108196218A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-06-22 | 深圳市锐能微科技有限公司 | Detection circuit, method and the electric energy meter of circuit transfer function variation |
| CN108196218B (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2024-05-03 | 深圳市锐能微科技有限公司 | Circuit transfer function change detection circuit, method and electric energy meter |
| CN113567719A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-10-29 | 齐宜泽 | Electricity stealing behavior judgment method and system based on current harmonic waves and waveforms |
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| CN101526557B (en) | 2010-08-25 |
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