CN101526288B - Air-conditioner defroster - Google Patents

Air-conditioner defroster Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101526288B
CN101526288B CN2009101349930A CN200910134993A CN101526288B CN 101526288 B CN101526288 B CN 101526288B CN 2009101349930 A CN2009101349930 A CN 2009101349930A CN 200910134993 A CN200910134993 A CN 200910134993A CN 101526288 B CN101526288 B CN 101526288B
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pipeline
valve
defrosting
air
condenser
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CN101526288A (en
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郑祖义
崔严鹏
金听祥
李昌明
陈华伟
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Guangdong Chigo Air Conditioning Co Ltd
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Guangdong Chigo Air Conditioning Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

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Abstract

The invention discloses an air-conditioner defroster. The defroster comprises a compressor, a four-way valve, an evaporator and a condenser. The defroster also comprises a first pipeline for connecting a liquid inlet of the evaporator with a liquid outlet of the condenser; a second pipeline for connecting an air return inlet of the evaporator with a first port of the four-way valve; a third pipeline for connecting an air inlet of the condenser with a second port of the four-way valve; a fourth pipeline for connecting an air outlet of the compressor with a third port of the four-way valve; a fifth pipeline for connecting a suction inlet of the compressor with a fourth port of the four-way valve; a bypass pipeline with one end communicated with the first pipeline and the other end communicated with the fourth pipeline; a bypass control valve arranged on the bypass pipeline for starting/closing the bypass pipeline; a throttle valve arranged on the first pipeline for regulating the flow of refrigerant in the first pipeline through adjusting the openness of the throttle valve. A plurality of temperature measuring equipments and controllers control defrosting process according to reserved strategy. The invention combines the advantages of heat pump defrosting and hot gas bypass defrosting and can achieve the most effective defrosting.

Description

A kind of air-conditioner defroster
Technical field
The present invention relates to the control system field of conditioner, is a kind of air-conditioner defroster specifically.
Background technology
Air-conditioner is when low-temperature heating, and the frosting phenomenon can appear in condenser, and this will influence the heating effect of air-conditioner.At present, the condenser of air-conditioner defrosting (hereinafter to be referred as defrosting) is carried out under refrigerating state, generally adopts following two kinds of Defrost methods:
One of which is the Defrost that utilizes the cross valve switching-over.Cross valve action during defrosting, air-conditioner becomes kind of refrigeration cycle by heating circulation, and air-conditioner absorbs heat from system provide the outdoor heat exchanger defrosting.Because the heat that indoor heat exchanger produces is a negative value, the quantity of negative heat is roughly suitable with the positive heat that produces in the same time.Say that from energy point of view the loss of this defrost process is equivalent to the defrost process of twice, this just need shorten the time of Defrost as far as possible, thereby influences defrosting effect.
Its two, be to utilize hot-gas bypass when defrosting.During defrosting, high-temperature exhaust air advances outside heat exchanger through by-passing valve and returns compressor, thereby defrosts.In this process, owing to only in bypass solenoid valve, produce the pressure drop of a little in the system, cause high-low pressure pressure reduction less, the input power decay of compressor is serious; When heat steam gets into all lower heat exchanger of condenser coil (hereinafter to be referred as coil pipe) temperature and environment temperature, the heat exchange works very well, during the outflow condenser basically phase transformation become refrigerant liquid, its suction temperature is very low; This two aspects factors has caused delivery temperature to decay very seriously.When the frost layer was thicker, along with the continuity of defrosting time, delivery temperature can drop to the degree that can not defrost basically, and defrosting is lacked of staying power.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, a kind of air-conditioner defroster is provided, and can realize more effectively defrosting.
For solving above technical problem, air-conditioner defroster provided by the invention comprises:
Compressor is used for compressed refrigerant;
Cross valve is used to switch the positive and negative flow direction of cold-producing medium;
Evaporimeter, condenser are respectively applied for and extraneous heat-shift;
First pipeline connects the inlet of said evaporimeter and the liquid outlet of said condenser;
Second pipeline connects the return-air mouth of said evaporimeter and first port of said cross valve;
The 3rd pipeline connects the air inlet of said condenser and second port of said cross valve;
The 4th pipeline connects the exhaust outlet of said compressor and the 3rd port of said cross valve;
The 5th pipeline connects the air entry of said compressor and the 4th port of said cross valve;
Also comprise:
Bypass conduit, an end and said first pipeline connection, the other end and the 4th pipeline connection;
Bypass control valve (BCV) is arranged on the said bypass conduit, is used for the said bypass conduit of On/Off;
Choke valve is arranged on said first pipeline between said bypass conduit and the said evaporimeter, regulates the flow of cold-producing medium in said first pipeline through the aperture of adjusting said choke valve;
Outdoor temperature measuring equipment, coil pipe temperature measuring equipment, exhaust temperature measuring equipment are respectively applied for and detect and export outdoor temperature, coil temperature, delivery temperature;
Controller, according to outdoor temperature, coil temperature, delivery temperature, defrost process is controlled according to the expectant control strategy:
Get into constant and continue preset defrosting entry time if coil temperature is less than or equal to defrosting; The minimum aperture signal of output throttling valve, indoor fan shutdown signal, outdoor fan shutdown signal and compressor peak frequency signal, and make compressor peak frequency signal keep presetting the time of defrosting;
Output bypass control valve (BCV) start signal;
If delivery temperature more than or equal to preset critical delivery temperature, is exported cross valve shutdown signal, bypass control valve (BCV) shutdown signal;
Output throttling valve maximum opening signal, compressor peak frequency signal;
If coil temperature withdraws from constant more than or equal to preset defrosting, output compressor buffering Frequency point signal, cross valve start signal, indoor fan start signal, outdoor fan start signal and the normal aperture signal of choke valve.
Preferably, said coil pipe temperature measuring equipment is installed on the coil pipe middle part, in order to measure the coil pipe neutral temperature.
Preferably, said preset defrosting entry time is 1~2 minute.
Preferably, said bypass control valve (BCV) is a magnetic valve.
Preferably, said choke valve is an electric expansion valve.
Preferably, also comprise capillary, be arranged on said first pipeline, be used for cold-producing medium throttling step-down said first pipeline.
Compared with prior art; The present invention has combined the characteristics separately of Defrost and hot bypass defrost; Not only can reduce the energy loss of carrying out Defrost separately and causing, also can avoid carrying out separately the excessive shortcoming that causes defrosting to lack of staying power of delivery temperature decay that hot-gas bypass caused.Further, the utilization of by-passing valve further reduces the power attenuation in the defrost process; Simultaneously, the high-temperature exhaust air of condenser inside very strengthens the defrosting effect of whole condenser to the impact of the pros and cons of pipeline, has also impelled the shortening of defrost time.Further, some temperature measuring equipments and controller are set, through parameters such as detection delivery temperatures, control two kinds of defrosting times automatically, defrosting efficiency is higher, can realize the most effectively defrosting.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of air-conditioner defrosting device first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the pressure-enthalpy chart of air-conditioner defrosting device shown in Figure a kind of refrigeration cycle in the bypass defrost process;
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of air-conditioner defrosting device second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the control flow chart of air-conditioner defrosting device shown in Figure 3;
Fig. 5 is the SECO figure of air-conditioner defrosting device shown in Figure 3.
The specific embodiment
Describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment.
See also Fig. 1, this figure is the structural representation of air-conditioner defrosting device first embodiment of the present invention.The diagram air-conditioner defroster comprises:
Compressor 1 is used for compressed refrigerant;
Cross valve 2 is used to switch the positive and negative flow direction of cold-producing medium;
Evaporimeter 6, condenser 3 are respectively applied for and extraneous heat-shift;
Connect through pipeline between said compressor 1, cross valve 2, evaporimeter 6, the condenser 3, each pipeline is specially:
The first pipeline P1 connects the inlet of evaporimeter 6 and the liquid outlet of condenser 3;
The second pipeline P2 connects the return-air mouth of evaporimeter 6 and first port of cross valve 2;
The 3rd pipeline P3 connects the air inlet of condenser 3 and second port of cross valve 2;
The 4th pipeline P4 connects the exhaust outlet of compressor 1 and the 3rd port of cross valve 2;
The 5th pipeline P5 connects the air entry of compressor 1 and the 4th port of cross valve 2;
Bypass conduit P6, an end is communicated with the first pipeline P1, and the other end is communicated with the 4th pipeline P4;
Bypass control valve (BCV) 7 is arranged on the bypass conduit P6, is used for On/Off bypass conduit P6;
Choke valve 5 is arranged on the first pipeline P1 between bypass conduit P6 and the evaporimeter 6, regulates the flow of cold-producing medium among the first pipeline P1 through the aperture of adjustment choke valve.
Preferably, bypass control valve (BCV) 7 is a magnetic valve, is convenient to realize automatic control; Choke valve 5 is an electric expansion valve, and the throttling precision is high.As shown in Figure 1, on the first pipeline P1 capillary 4 is set, can be used for the cold-producing medium throttling step-down among the first pipeline P1.
Operation principle in the face of above-mentioned air-conditioner defrosting device describes down.
Phase I defrosting: bypass defrosting
When coil temperature and outdoor environment temperature reach when getting into the defrosting condition, frequency-changeable compressor 1 will rise to highest frequency, is moving about 1~2 minute under this frequency, its objective is the delivery temperature that improves compressor, increases the defrosting ability, and this is the defrosting preparatory stage.Thereafter get into the bypass defrost stage, bypass control valve (BCV) 7 is opened.Because the resistance of capillary and electric expansion valve is much larger than the resistance of bypass solenoid valve, so the work schedule cryogen is to carry out defrosting in the condenser 3 by bypass to outdoor heat exchanger all almost in the system; When delivery temperature drops to certain temperature (this temperature spot should be decided according to the result of the test of real system, generally about 40 ℃), cross valve 2 actions, bypass control valve (BCV) 7 cuts out, and the phase I defrosting finishes.
See also Fig. 2, this figure is the pressure-enthalpy chart of air-conditioner defrosting device shown in Figure a kind of refrigeration cycle in the bypass defrost process.The state variation of defrost phase cold-producing medium in system is as shown in Figure 2, and its stream is a1 '-a2-a3-a4-a1-a1-a1 ', that is: compressor 1 sucks saturated vapor a1 ' and is compressed to exhaust condition a2 from gas-liquid separator; Process bypass solenoid valve step-down throttling is to a3; Getting into condenser 3 is in the outdoor heat exchanger, and the two phase refrigerant a5 inner with heat exchanger is mixed into state a4; In the continuous aspiration procedure of compressor 1, two phase refrigerant a4 drains into the frost layer along the heat exchanger coils inner passage with heat, further is condensed into state a1, and overcomes in the gas-liquid separator that the coil pipe resistance returns compressor 1 air intake duct front end; Separated liquid a1 is stored in the gas-liquid separator, and gas a1 ' gets in the compressor 1 once more, is compressed into high-temperature vapour.
The defrosting of this stage is carried out under the state of heating, and observes from the outer surface of condenser 3, and its defrost is that the bottom from condenser 3 begins, i.e. the import of exhaust flow path is the drain pipe of condenser 3, and outlet is the air inlet pipe of condenser 3.So more help the defrost of condenser 3 bottoms.In addition, the unlatching of bypass control valve (BCV) 7 reduces height pressure reduction, in the time of can saving cross valve 2 switching-over because of will be through the frequency reducing switchable time of.
Second stage defrosting: Defrost
When cross valve 2 actions, after bypass control valve (BCV) 7 cuts out, begin to get into the second stage defrosting, Defrost is claimed in promptly anti-circulation defrosting again.At this moment, the indoor and outdoor blower fan cuts out, and in order to make more efficiently defrost, needs to improve the effective discharge of intrasystem cold-producing medium, keeps the electric expansion valve standard-sized sheet.When detecting when meeting the condition that can withdraw from defrosting, at first to reduce the running frequency of compressor 1, the height pressure reduction that reduces system's this moment makes the cross valve switching-over, and the second stage defrosting of switching-over back finishes, and promptly system begins normal heating operation.
This stage carries out under refrigerating state, observes from the outer surface of condenser 3, and its defrost is that the top from condenser 3 begins, i.e. the import of exhaust flow path is the air inlet pipe of condenser 3, and outlet is the drain pipe of condenser 3.So more help the defrost on condenser 3 tops.
The defrost process in comprehensive two stages, high-temperature exhaust air gets into respectively from the following stream and the last stream of condenser 3, causes condenser 3 to receive the double direction impulse of vapours, thereby more effectively strengthens the effect of defrosting, has shortened defrosting time.
See also Fig. 3, this figure is the block diagram of air-conditioner defrosting device second embodiment of the present invention.Except that parts shown in Figure 1, also comprise:
Outdoor temperature measuring equipment 8, coil pipe temperature measuring equipment 9, exhaust temperature measuring equipment 10 can be respectively temperature sensor, are used for detecting and output outdoor temperature, coil temperature, delivery temperature; Wherein, coil pipe temperature measuring equipment 9 is installed on the coil pipe middle part, in order to measure the coil pipe neutral temperature, guarantees that thermometric is accurate.
Controller 11 according to outdoor temperature, coil temperature, delivery temperature, is controlled defrost process according to the expectant control strategy, realizes highly effective defrosting.
Thus, after increasing temperature measuring equipment and controller 11, the air-conditioner defrosting device can be realized automatic control easily, specifies in the face of its control procedure down.
See also Fig. 4, this figure is the control flow chart of air-conditioner defrosting device shown in Figure 3.Specifically may further comprise the steps:
S10, judge whether coil temperature is less than or equal to defrosting and gets into constant and continue preset defrosting entry time (as 1~2 minute),
If get into step S20.
S20, the minimum aperture signal of output throttling valve, indoor fan shutdown signal, outdoor fan shutdown signal and compressor peak frequency signal, and make compressor peak frequency signal keep presetting the time of defrosting.
More than be the defrosting preparatory stage, after the end, get into the defrosting phase I.
S30, output bypass control valve (BCV) start signal.
After the defrosting phase I begins, earlier will be with the by-pass governing opening of valves, to carry out the bypass defrosting.
S40, whether judge delivery temperature more than or equal to preset critical delivery temperature,
If get into step S50.
S50, output cross valve shutdown signal, bypass control valve (BCV) shutdown signal.
Thus, make output cross valve, bypass control valve (BCV) close, get into the defrosting second stage, should further carry out following steps this moment:
S60, output throttling valve maximum opening signal, compressor peak frequency signal.
S70, judge that whether coil temperature withdraws from constant more than or equal to preset defrosting,
If get into step S80.
S80, output compressor buffering Frequency point signal, cross valve start signal, indoor fan start signal, outdoor fan start signal and the normal aperture signal of choke valve.
So far, defrosting for the second time finishes, and promptly whole defrost process finishes.
Frequency converter type with a charged sub-expansion valve is an example below, describes the action of each critical piece in the defrost process.
See also Fig. 5, this figure is the SECO figure of air-conditioner defrosting device shown in Figure 3.Wherein, including related parameter is:
Tw, Tws---in the enthalpy difference laboratory, set the dry bulb and the wet-bulb temperature of outdoor environment;
The dry bulb of Tn, Tns---indoor environment and wet-bulb temperature do
A---defrosting entering constant (unit: ℃);
B---defrosting time (unit: s);
C---critical delivery temperature (unit: ℃);
D---constant (unit: ℃) is withdrawed from defrosting;
M---buffering Frequency point (unit: HZ);
T1---the phase I defrosting time (unit: s);
T2---second stage defrosting time (unit: s).
The numerical value of above-mentioned each parameter is decided according to concrete test.
As shown in Figure 1, under heating mode, the high temperature and high pressure gas that compressor 1 is discharged flows into condenser 3, after 2 times compressors 1 of cross valve again through cross valve 2 switching-over inflow evaporators 6 after approach electric expansion valve and assisted capillary 4 throttlings.At this moment, bypass control valve (BCV) 7 is a closed condition.
The defrosting preparatory stage: judge the condition that gets into defrost that meets by outdoor environment temperature and coil pipe neutral temperature, then work as T Coil pipeGet into the defrosting preparatory stage when≤a and detected coil temperature satisfy 2min simultaneously, electric expansion valve is opened to minimum, and indoor, outdoor fan complete shut-down, compressor frequency rise to maximum and keep b second.
The phase I defrosting: after the preparatory stage finished, bypass control valve (BCV) 7 was opened, when detecting T ExhaustIn the time of=c ℃, cross valve 2 outages, bypass control valve (BCV) 7 cuts out, and the hot bypass defrost stage finishes, defrosting time t1.
Second stage defrosting: when bypass control valve (BCV) 7 cuts out, after cross valve 2 outages, the defrosting second stage begins, this moment the electric expansion valve standard-sized sheet, it is maximum that frequency keeps.Satisfy when withdrawing from the condition of defrosting T when detecting the coil pipe neutral temperature Coil pipeIn the time of>d ℃, frequency is reduced to mHZ, cross valve 2 actions, and the indoor and outdoor blower fan is opened, and it is normal that electric expansion valve recovers.Defrosting for the second time finishes, and promptly whole defrost process also finishes, timing t2.
Air-conditioner defrosting device of the present invention; In conjunction with the characteristics separately of Defrost and hot bypass defrost; Reduce the energy loss of carrying out Defrost separately and causing, also can avoid carrying out separately the excessive shortcoming that causes defrosting to lack of staying power of delivery temperature decay that hot-gas bypass caused.The utilization of by-passing valve has reduced the power attenuation in the defrost process; Simultaneously, and the inner high-temperature exhaust air of condenser very strengthens the defrosting effect of whole condenser to the impact of the pros and cons of pipeline, has also impelled the shortening of defrost time.
Only be preferred implementation of the present invention below, should be pointed out that above-mentioned preferred implementation should not be regarded as limitation of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim institute restricted portion.For those skilled in the art, do not breaking away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. air-conditioner defroster comprises:
Compressor is used for compressed refrigerant;
Cross valve is used to switch the positive and negative flow direction of cold-producing medium;
Evaporimeter, condenser are respectively applied for and extraneous heat-shift;
First pipeline connects the inlet of said evaporimeter and the liquid outlet of said condenser;
Second pipeline connects the return-air mouth of said evaporimeter and first port of said cross valve;
The 3rd pipeline connects the air inlet of said condenser and second port of said cross valve;
The 4th pipeline connects the exhaust outlet of said compressor and the 3rd port of said cross valve;
The 5th pipeline connects the air entry of said compressor and the 4th port of said cross valve;
It is characterized in that, also comprise:
Bypass conduit, an end and said first pipeline connection, the other end and the 4th pipeline connection;
Bypass control valve (BCV) is arranged on the said bypass conduit, is used for the said bypass conduit of On/Off;
Choke valve is arranged on said first pipeline between said bypass conduit and the said evaporimeter, regulates the flow of cold-producing medium in said first pipeline through the aperture of adjusting said choke valve;
Outdoor temperature measuring equipment, condenser coil temperature measuring equipment, exhaust temperature measuring equipment are respectively applied for and detect and export outdoor temperature, condenser coil temperature, delivery temperature;
Controller, according to outdoor temperature, condenser coil temperature, delivery temperature, the condenser defrost process is controlled according to the expectant control strategy:
Get into constant and continue preset defrosting entry time if the condenser coil temperature is less than or equal to defrosting; The minimum aperture signal of output throttling valve, indoor fan shutdown signal, outdoor fan shutdown signal and compressor peak frequency signal, and make compressor peak frequency signal keep presetting the time of defrosting;
Output bypass control valve (BCV) start signal;
If delivery temperature more than or equal to preset critical delivery temperature, is exported cross valve shutdown signal, bypass control valve (BCV) shutdown signal;
Output throttling valve maximum opening signal, compressor peak frequency signal;
If the condenser coil temperature withdraws from constant more than or equal to preset defrosting, output compressor buffering Frequency point signal, cross valve start signal, indoor fan start signal, outdoor fan start signal and the normal aperture signal of choke valve.
2. air-conditioner defroster as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said condenser coil temperature measuring equipment is installed on the condenser coil middle part, in order to measure the condenser coil neutral temperature.
3. air-conditioner defroster as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said preset defrosting entry time is 1~2 minute.
4. air-conditioner defroster as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said bypass control valve (BCV) is a magnetic valve.
5. air-conditioner defroster as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said choke valve is an electric expansion valve.
6. like each described air-conditioner defroster of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, also comprise capillary, be arranged on said first pipeline, be used for cold-producing medium throttling step-down said first pipeline.
CN2009101349930A 2009-04-20 2009-04-20 Air-conditioner defroster Active CN101526288B (en)

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