Bidirectional heat pump solar energy heating system
Technical field
Patent of the present invention belongs to the design and the exploitation of collection, storage and the supply system equipment of building energy.Relate generally to solar energy heating, vapor-compression refrigerant cycle, earth source heat pump and heating equipment.
Background technology
In the 21st century of scientific and technological high speed development, social all trades and professions are all experiencing change with rapid changepl. never-ending changes and improvements.This makes the energy resource consumption of entire society in production and sphere of life all produce huge growth.The energy has become the socioeconomic problem of most critical in this century, and energy crisis is just being come into our life with the beyond thought speed of people.The demand of tradition primary energy grows with each passing day, but output is limited, so consumer cost is also more and more higher.People can only seek from new approach and wish.Solar energy and soil source heat energy all are good new forms of energy, but also relatively disperse because of its grade is low, can not well be utilized always.The solar energy optical-thermal switch technology also can only be applied to the domestic hot-water aspect at present.And in building energy consumption, the domestic hot-water only accounts for very limited share.Real building energy consumption sport is heating and air-conditioning.Wherein the annual heating of China will consume 1.5 hundred million tons of standard coals.Use new energy technology and substitute the question of substance that this part energy resource consumption has just solved building energy consumption at last.But various new forms of energy are used for heating separately the weakness of oneself is arranged all again, consideration for this point, we must seek the reasonable approach of various energy resources comprehensive utilization, on the basis that makes full use of new forms of energy such as solar energy, save traditional primary energy as much as possible and (comprise coal, petroleum and natural gas) power of industrial upgrading is sought in consumption in the process of product systemsization.
Summary of the invention
The collection of novel energy combined type, storage and transmission ﹠ distribution supply system that the described bidirectional heat pump solar energy heating system of patent of the present invention is developed for above-mentioned purpose just, it can adjust the method for operation of self according to the variation of different environmental aspects and building energy consumption demand, thereby realizes the synthesis energy saving effect of energy source optimization configuration.
Bidirectional heat pump solar energy heating system by solar energy heating circulation, heating heat exchange circulation, source heat exchange circulation and two-way branch heat pump cycle forms, solar energy heating circulates and directly is connected with hot water storage tank; The heating heat exchange cycles through two heat exchangers parallel with one another and links to each other with a high temperature condensation end of hot water storage tank and two-way branch heat pump cycle respectively; The heat exchange circulation of source, ground links to each other the soil source heat exchanger with a low-temperature evaporation end of two-way branch heat pump cycle; A heat-exchange end of two-way branch heat pump cycle always links to each other with hot water storage tank by a water heat exchange circulation, and two other heat-exchange end parallel with one another links to each other with source, ground heat exchange circulation with the indirect heat exchange end of heating heat exchange circulation respectively;
Solar energy heating circulation be by solar energy circulating pump 3 with the water at low temperature in the hot water storage tank 6 through solar water supply pipeline 2, be transported in the solar thermal collector 1, return hot water storage tank 6 by the automatic exhaust steam valve 5 and the solar energy water return pipeline 4 of the high point of system again through the water of heating;
The heat exchange circulation that heats promotes the heat exchange mediums by heating circulation pump 15 and flows to direct heating heat exchange coil 10 and indirect these two thermal source heat exchangers parallel with one another of plate type heat exchanger III31 from heating end-equipment 16, respectively establish a magnetic valve on the thermal source heat exchanger branch road of these two parallel connections, i.e. direct heating magnetic valve 13 and indirect heating magnetic valve 14;
The heat exchange circulation of source, ground promotes heat transfer agent reciprocation cycle between a heat exchanger-plate type heat exchanger II30 of source, ground heat exchange coil 35 and two-way branch heat pump cycle by source, ground circulating pump 32;
Two-way branch heat pump cycle couples together by four-way change-over valve 23 each assembly that will circulate, wherein a pair of of four-way change-over valve advances, outlet connects the import and the outlet of compressor 24 respectively, a pair ofly in addition advance, outlet is fishplate bar formula heat exchanger I22 and plate type heat exchanger II30 parallel with one another respectively, the parallel connected end of plate type heat exchanger III31, the check valve of connecting respectively on the branch road of the plate type heat exchanger of these two parallel connections, and two valve directions are opposite, another parallel connected end of two plate type heat exchangers links to each other with an end of two-way expansion valve 25, the port away from four-way change-over valve 23 of the other end of two-way expansion valve 25 and plate type heat exchanger I22 joins, thereby constitutes two-way branch heat pump cycle structure.
But two-way branch heat pump cycle is the vapor-compression refrigerant cycle that the plate type heat exchanger of two parallel connections capable of reversing does not move in the same way, wherein plate type heat exchanger I22 flows to reversing before and after the four-way change-over valve commutation, and plate type heat exchanger II30 parallel with one another and plate type heat exchanger III31 are always one logical one disconnected before and after cross valve commutation, because connected a check valve in their parallel branches separately respectively, and two check valve directions are opposite, no matter the flow direction of two plate type heat exchangers in parallel is anti-just, all be to have only a check valve conducting, another one disconnects; Along with four-way change-over valve switch circular flow to, originally the check valve of conducting disconnects, the check valve conducting of closing originally, thereby cause the plate type heat exchanger on off operating mode change of connecting with it.
Heating heat exchange circulation has two thermal source heat exchanger-direct heat transfer coil pipe 10 and plate type heat exchanger III31 parallel with one another, the magnetic valve of having connected respectively in two thermal source heat exchangers in parallel branch roads, the break-make of two magnetic valves make to be changed at the direct heat transfer coil pipe 10 in hot water storage tank with between the plate type heat exchanger III31 of two-way branch heat pump cycle high temperature condensation end from the heat transfer agent of terminal heat transmission equipment in the heating heat exchange circulation.
Be positioned at the direct heat transfer coil pipe 10 of hot water storage tank horizontal and with the return pipe of the water side heat exchange circulation of solar energy heating circulation and plate type heat exchanger I over against.
The system that the invention has the beneficial effects as follows on the one hand can make full use of heat energy under the low regenerator temperature of accumulation of heat water by indirect heating heat exchange pattern, thereby expanded the regenerator temperature excursion of heat storage medium greatly, made the utilized accumulation of heat of the medium of unit volume hold raising greatly; On the other hand, the earth source heat pump circulation can also make heat storage medium absorb useful the replenishing that soil source heat energy is used as solar energy.The two-way branch heat pump cycle that this two aspects function conversion hinge is exactly an internal system, this circulation has also demonstrated fully the high equipment service efficiency of systematic comparison.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a bidirectional heat pump solar energy heating system earth source heat pump ideograph;
Fig. 2 is bidirectional heat pump solar energy heating system heat supply heat pump mode figure.
1, solar thermal collector 2, thermal-arrest periodical feeding pipeline 3, thermal-arrest circulating pump
4, thermal-arrest circulating backwater pipeline 5, automatic exhaust steam valve 6, hot water storage tank
7, overflow pipe 8, filling pipe 9, blow-off pipe
10, direct heat transfer coil pipe 11, direct heating feed pipe 12, direct heating return pipe
13, direct heating magnetic valve 14, indirect heating magnetic valve 15, heating heat exchange circulating pump
16, heating heat exchange end 17, indirect heating feed pipe 18, indirect heating return pipe
19, heat pump water box heat exchange return pipe 20, heat pump water box heat exchange feed pipe 21, heat pump water box heat exchange pump
22, plate type heat exchanger I 23, four-way change-over valve 24, compressor
25, expansion valve 26, thermo-compression evaporation pipeline 27, heat pump condenser pipe
28, heat pump check valve I 29, heat pump check valve II 30, plate type heat exchanger II
31, plate type heat exchanger III 32, source circulating pump 33, source heat exchange feed pipe
34, source heat exchange return pipe 35, the source heat exchange coil
The specific embodiment
In order to demonstrate fully the synthesis energy saving operational effect of native system, below we can in conjunction with after accompanying drawing analyze the operation embodiment of native system in actual application.
Patent of the present invention designs substantially: the whole system device is made up of four parts, mainly comprises solar heat-collection and heat-accumulation circulation assembly, heating heat exchange circulation assembly, two-way branch heat pump cycle assembly and ground source heat exchange circulation assembly.
Solar heat-collection and heat-accumulation circulation assembly mainly comprises auxiliary valve members such as solar thermal collector assembly, solar energy heating circulating pump, hot water storage tank and automatic exhaust steam valve, and the heating agent transfer pipeline is configured in (as Fig. 1) between heat collector and the hot water storage tank.Because native system mainly is applicable to the heating area of weather cold, so the solar thermal collector in the system should be selected the not vacuum tube collector and the heat pipe vacuum tube collector of easy freezing for use.Also to assemble necessary overflow passage, discharge pipe line and system water supplement pipeline on the hot water storage tank, also will be furnished with necessary valve member on it.
Heating heat exchange circulation comprises magnetic valve, heating circulating pump, terminal heating equipment and other the auxiliary valve member on coil exchanger, direct heat transfer and the indirect heat exchange pipeline that is positioned at water tank inside.Circulation line is configured between each parts.Because the heat energy grade of solar energy and soil source is not high, so need coupling floor heating coil pipe or the so terminal heating equipment of fan coil.The heating agent operating temperature that they require is about in the of 50 ℃.In order to strengthen the heat exchange between direct heat transfer coil pipe and the accumulation of heat heating agent, heat exchange coil is assembled in the centre position of hot water storage tank, and coil pipe is laterally placed and be relative with the return pipe outlet of solar energy heating circulation and plate type heat exchanger I water side heat exchange circulation.Any one all can strengthen the pipe outside heat exchange of coil heat exchanger above-mentioned like this two loop starts.
Two-way branch heat pump cycle assembly comprises compressor, four-way change-over valve, two-way expansion valve, plate type heat exchanger I, plate type heat exchanger II, plate type heat exchanger III circulate in addition check valve I and circulation check valve II.Circulating condensing pipeline section and evaporation pipeline section connect into a total system with each parts.Wherein three plate type heat exchangers are the circular array connection.Plate type heat exchanger I is inner in circulation all the time, and plate type heat exchanger II and plate type heat exchanger III constitute the reverse parallel connection relation by the opposite circulation check valve of direction.Though promptly two heat exchangers are in parallel, when moving in system, wherein have only all the time one with circulation UNICOM.When the four-way change-over valve forward connected, plate type heat exchanger I became the condenser of vapor-compression refrigerant cycle, and heat release in heat accumulation hot water; To opening, plate type heat exchanger II inserts the evaporimeter that the circulatory system becomes vapor-compression refrigerant cycle to circulation check valve I along circular flow, and from source, ground heat exchange circulation heat absorption.Forward and the circular flow of check valve II circulate simultaneously to opposite, cause plate type heat exchanger III and not conducting of cooling cycle system.After the four-way change-over valve commutation, plate type heat exchanger I becomes the evaporimeter of vapor-compression refrigerant cycle, and absorbs heat from heat accumulation hot water; Circulation check valve I and circular flow cause plate type heat exchanger II and circulate not conducting to opposite; The suitable circular flow of the check valve II that circulates simultaneously is to opening, and making plate type heat exchanger III insert vapor-compression refrigerant cycle becomes condenser, and to indirect heating heat exchange circulation heat release.
Ground source heat exchange circulation assembly comprise source, ground circulating pump, the source heat exchange coil and with the plate type heat exchanger II of two-way branch heat pump cycle indirect heat exchange, circulation line that is attached thereto in addition and the relevant valve member of assisting.The source heat exchange continuous operation meeting that circulates in ground is transported to the heat energy in the soil source in the heat pump cycle and further passes to thus heat storage medium in the hot water storage tank endlessly.The closed operation in source, ground heat exchange circulation line of heat-carrying medium can not pollute the soil below the face of land.Prevent that simultaneously underground water from entering circulation line and damaging heat exchanger.
Heat pump cycle is to circulate by the plate type heat exchanger I water side that a heat exchange circulating pump and relevant valve member are formed to realize with heat exchange between the hot water storage tank in addition.
This system mainly is the building and heating heat supply that is applied to winter.The solar energy abundance time, the solar energy heating circulation can begin temperature difference recurrent state automatically by day.The start and stop that are the solar energy circulating pump are controlled by the outlet heat medium temperature of solar thermal collector and the temperature difference of the hot water temperature in the water tank.When the temperature difference sets value greater than one, the solar energy circulating pump starts, the hot water that has fully absorbed solar energy is pushed into water tank from heat collector, when in case the temperature difference falls back to a lower setting value again, the solar energy circulating pump just stops, and is transported to the heat-accumulating process that low-temperature water heating in the solar thermal collector begins a new round.Go round and begin again, solar thermal collector can be constantly with delivery in hot water storage tank.Because the indoor heating thermic load on daytime is smaller, and according to design, for the heat that guarantees the heat collector in the effective period at sunshine on daytime can satisfy the building and heating demand of longer time, the collector power of heat collector is wanted obviously greater than the building instantaneous heating thermic load on daytime.So by day, in system's heating, heat energy still has surplus in the hot water storage tank, so water temperature can constantly rise.When heat accumulating water temperature rose to certain temperature, heating heat exchange circulation switched to the direct heat transfer recurrent state, and heating hot water is transported in the interior direct heat transfer coil pipe of hot water storage tank, by tube wall and heat accumulation hot water heat exchange.
When running into overcast and rainy or the dusk time-division, when illumination is not enough, when if the heat of the solar energy that stores in the hot water storage tank still can not satisfy the heating demand at night on the same day, earth source heat pump accumulation of heat pattern starts, two-way branch heat pump cycle switches to earth source heat pump recurrent state (seeing accompanying drawing 1), side by side source circulating pump and plate type heat exchanger I water side circulating pump start, and soil source heat energy can be transported in the heat accumulation hot water to replenish the thermic load of deficiency on the same day endlessly by heat pump cycle like this.After heat energy replenished and puts in place, heat pump cycle stopped.
There are not solar energy or soil heat source to replenish under the not enough situation at night, constantly carry in the process of heat energy in heating heat exchange circulation to indoor heating end-equipment, heat accumulating water temperature constantly descends, in case when dropping to it and can not guarantee the work the accepted water temperature of heating end-equipment, the heating heat-exchange circulation just switches to the indirect heat exchange pattern, two-way branch heat pump cycle switches to heat supply heat pump cycle pattern (seeing accompanying drawing 2) simultaneously, the heat supply heat pump cycle continues heat absorption and the condenser by this circulation from the lower heat accumulation hot water of temperature like this, be plate type heat exchanger III, thereby discharge the job requirement that high temperature heat continues to satisfy the heating end-equipment to indirect heating heat exchange circulation.
After recovering sunshine in second day, system begins to experience a new heating operation cycle again.
Along with the thermic load of the variation building and heating of external environment is also changing.In the transition season, the heating thermic load is far smaller than the solar energy odd-numbered day heat-collecting capacity of system's design, all can have the heat energy surplus every day in the hot water storage tank like this, can guarantee that the circulation of whole day heating heat-exchange all is operated in direct heating heat exchange pattern, simultaneously in case run into the heat energy of short-term and replenish when not enough, the heat energy of surplus can prolong the heating heat exchange and circulate in direct heating heat exchange mode of operation under the high heat accumulating water temperature condition.