CN101521620A - Booking method, system and device of MAS - Google Patents
Booking method, system and device of MAS Download PDFInfo
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- CN101521620A CN101521620A CN200810006490A CN200810006490A CN101521620A CN 101521620 A CN101521620 A CN 101521620A CN 200810006490 A CN200810006490 A CN 200810006490A CN 200810006490 A CN200810006490 A CN 200810006490A CN 101521620 A CN101521620 A CN 101521620A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a booking method of a Medium Access Slot (MAS) and the method includes the following steps: inquiring about the route from a source node to a destination node; calculating the transmission time needed for transmitting data from the source node to the destination node as well as the number of MASs occupied by the transmission time; and according to the number of MASs occupied by the transmission time, booking the MAS from the nodes on the route for the data transmission. According to the route from the source node to the destination node, the embodiment calculates the transmission time needed for transmitting data from the source node to the destination node and books the MAS for the route from the source node to the destination node according to the number of MASs occupied by the transmission time, thus saving channel time, improving network throughput rate and strengthening network performance.
Description
Technical field
The embodiment of the invention relates to communication technical field, reserving method, system and the device of particularly a kind of MAS (Medium AccessSlot, medium access slot).
Background technology
The MAC of existing standard (Media Access Control, medium access control) agreement, support DRP (Distributed Reservation Protocol, distributed reservation protocol) and two kinds of data transfer modes of PCA (PrioritizedContention Access, the competition of band priority inserts).Node can carry out the guaranteed transfer of data of TDMA (Time Division MultipleAccess, time division multiple access) by competition application MAS between the beacon period of superframe, the process of application time slot is distributed, does not have Centroid to coordinate.
When node during with DRP mode access channel transmission data, the MAC agreement of existing standard points out that node can preengage one or more MAS, carries out transfer of data with other nodes in these MAS, needs consult to decide how to preengage specific MAS between the node.The MAC agreement regulation of existing standard is always initiated reservation by sending node and is consulted, and sending node is also referred to as the reservation owner like this, and receiving node then is called as the reservation target accordingly.
Stipulated two kinds of modes that reservation is consulted in the agreement, a kind of is explicit (Explicit), and also having a kind of is implicit expression (Implicit).For explicit reservation, the reservation owner should send DRP reserve requests command frame (DRP Reservation Request Command Frame) and give destination node, DRP IE in the DRP reserve requests command frame (Distributed Reservation Protocol Information Element, distributed reservation protocol cell) is used to consult the reservation of specific MAS and the MAS that notice is preengage.DRP Control territory among the DRPIE and reservation are consulted closely related.In case receive DRP reserve requests command frame, the reservation target should be replied DRP reservation acknowledgement frame and be given the reservation owner.For the implicit expression reservation, reservation is consulted to finish by transmission DRP IE in beacon frame.Node can be resolved the Target/Owner DevAddr domain information in the DRPIE in all beacons of receiving, sees whether it mates the DevAddr of oneself or the DevAddr of multicast.The reservation owner initiates an implicit negotiation by comprise a DRP IE in the beacon of oneself, in case the reservation target is resolved to this DRP reserve requests, it should comprise in the beacon earlier than next superframe that DRP reservation replys, and tells whether success of the current reservation of the reservation owner.
In realizing process of the present invention, the inventor finds that there is following problem at least in prior art: since the MAC agreement of existing standard according to node to coming allocated channel time, reservation MAS.Even, also be to preengage corresponding M AS in essence according to the transfer of data situation of per two nodes for the situation of multicast reservation.When the MAC agreement of existing standard is directly applied among the WPAN (Wireless Personal Area Network, wireless personal-area network) of (mesh network) network configuration that has Wireless Mesh, will go wrong like this.Because the transfer of data among the WPAN often is not that direct communication just can be finished between source node and destination node, usually need transmit data by the forward node of centre, finish a data transfer with the form of multi-hop.As shown in Figure 1, node A will send data to Node B, but because B is positioned at outside the transmission range of A, so A must transmit data by means of intermediate node C, D and E, in the WPAN of wireless Mesh netword structure, this situation is regular generation.Suppose that A once only sends a Frame, once complete transmission (from sending Frame to receiving acknowledgement frame) needs the time of 90 μ s, because the MAC agreement of existing standard regulation, channel time distributes according to node, will cause (A like this, C), (C, D), (D, E), (E, B) each transmission respectively takies a MAS.The MAC agreement of existing standard stipulates that again each MAS is 256 μ s, and the time that really is used for transmitting in the reality only is 90 μ s, and remaining channel time, node are all done meaningless wait have been wasted.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides reserving method, system and the device of a kind of MAS, to save channel time, improves network throughput.
For achieving the above object, the embodiment of the invention provides the reserving method of a kind of medium access slot MAS on the one hand, may further comprise the steps: the route of inquiry from the source node to the destination node; Calculate according to described route data are transferred to the transmission time that described destination node need be used from described source node, and calculate the number of the MAS that the described transmission time takies; The number of the MAS that takies according to the described transmission time is the node reservation MAS of transmission on described route of described data.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides the reservation system of a kind of medium access slot MAS, comprise: source node, be used to inquire about the route of the data that need transmission, calculate the transmission time that described transfer of data need be used according to described route, and calculate the number of the MAS that the described transmission time takies, the number of the MAS that takies according to the described transmission time is the node reservation MAS of transmission on described route of described data, and sends described data; Intermediate node is used to receive described data, after the MAS of described source node reservation arrives, transmits described data in the MAS of described reservation; Destination node is used to receive the data that described source node is transmitted by described intermediate node.
Again on the one hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of network node, comprising: enquiry module is used to inquire about the route of the data that need transmission; Computing module is used for calculating the transmission time that described transfer of data need be used according to the route of described enquiry module inquiry, and calculates the number of the MAS that the described transmission time takies; Reservation module, the number that is used for the MAS that takies according to the described transmission time are described route reservation MAS.
Compared with prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages: the embodiment of the invention is calculated to the route of destination node according to source node data is transferred to the used transmission time of destination node from source node, and the number of the MAS that takies according to this transmission time is the node reservation MAS of transmission on route of described data.Thereby saved channel time, improved network throughput, strengthened network performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 finishes the schematic diagram of a data transfer with the form of multi-hop for prior art;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the reserving method of embodiment of the invention MAS;
The analysis of the network throughput when Fig. 3 is Frame of the every jumping transmission of node and the result of emulation;
The analysis of the network throughput when Fig. 4 is two Frames of the every jumping transmission of node and the result of emulation;
The analysis of the network throughput when Fig. 5 is three Frames of the every jumping transmission of node and the result of emulation;
The analysis of the network throughput when Fig. 6 is five Frames of the every jumping transmission of node and the result of emulation;
Fig. 7 is the structure chart of the reservation system of a kind of MAS of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the structure chart of a kind of network node of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention provides the reserving method of a kind of medium access slot MAS.Need need several jumpings could transmit when finishing through the forwarding of intermediate node when transfer of data, the reserving method of the MAS that the embodiment of the invention proposes can be saved channel time effectively, improves network throughput, strengthens network performance.
As shown in Figure 2, the reserving method for embodiment of the invention MAS may further comprise the steps:
Step S201, the route of inquiry from the source node to the destination node.The reserving method of the MAS that the embodiment of the invention proposes is based on ARTAP (Advanced Route Time Allocation Protocol, senior route time distributorship agreement) algorithm, suppose that each node all safeguards the routing table an of the whole network, when source node finds that destination node is not in the routing table at oneself, can enable the route that route discovery goes for the arrival destination node.When source node need send data, obtain route from the source node to the destination node by the routing table of inquiring about self.
Step S202 calculates according to above-mentioned route data is transferred to the used transmission time of destination node from source node, and calculates the number of the MAS that this transmission time takies.After source node obtained route from described source node to destination node, source node calculated according to this route data is transferred to the used transmission time of destination node from source node, and calculated the number of the MAS that this transmission time takies.It should be noted that the transmission time that the normal conditions lower node calculates can not be an integer MAS, for example: the transmission time takies 1.2 MAS sometimes.
Step S203, the number of the MAS that takies according to the transmission time is that the transmission of described data is to the node reservation MAS of source node on the route of destination node.During the number reservation MAS of the MAS that takies according to the transmission time at source node, source node can adopt the negotiation appointment mode of implicit expression and source node to hold consultation to each intermediate node on the route of destination node, accurately preengage the required MAS of each intermediate node to each intermediate node of described route according to the transmission time of data between a hop node, have only all consult to preengage successfully with all intermediate nodes after, source node could successfully be preengage required MAS.With situation shown in Figure 1 is example, suppose to calculate and data are transferred to the used transmission time of destination node B from source node A take 3.2 MAS, the transmission time of data the hop node on the route from source node A to destination node B takies 0.8 MAS, be about to data and be transferred to intermediate node C from source node A, data are transferred to intermediate node D from intermediate node C, be transferred to intermediate node E from intermediate node D, each needs 0.8 MAS to be transferred to destination node B from intermediate node E, then source node A can be respectively and intermediate node C, D, E adopts the negotiation appointment mode of implicit expression to hold consultation, have only and intermediate node C, D, after E consulted successfully, source node A could successfully preengage 3.2 required MAS.According to the way of removing to preengage MAS in the prior art according to route, when source node A for source node A during to the route of intermediate node C reservation MAS, source node A can preengage 1 MAS.So just have 0.2 MAS and be wasted, the rest may be inferred, and ultimate source node A can finally have 0.8 MAS to be wasted for source node A 4 MAS of route reservation to destination node B.
The embodiment of the invention is revised the frame format of DRP IE, thereby makes amended DRP IE can represent the MAS number of required reservation more accurately, at utmost gets on to utilize channel time to carry out guaranteed transfer of data.
The DRP IE form of stipulating in the MAC agreement of existing standard is as shown in table 1, and one or more DRP that have at last of DRP IE distribute (Allocation) territory, and the form of each DRP allocation domain is as shown in table 2.The MAC agreement of existing standard is divided into 16 equal portions of numbering from 0 to 15 to each superframe, and each part comprises 16 continuous MAS of numbering from 0 to 15 again.In the DRP allocation domain, represent that with the bit that is set to 1 in the Zone Bitmap territory MAS that preengages comes from the superframe of which equal portions, that represent to preengage with the bit that is set to 1 in the MAS Bitmap territory is which continuous MAS in these equal portions, thereby which MAS that the reservation of unique expression node is.
Table 1
| Octets：1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | ... | 4 |
| Element ID | Length | DRP Control | Target/Owner DevAddr | |
... | DRP Allocation N |
Table 2
| Octets：2 | 2 |
| Zone Bitmap | MAS Bitmap |
The embodiment of the invention is changed DRP IE slightly, makes it can represent the MAS number of required reservation more accurately.The embodiment of the invention increases the MASControl territory of two bytes accordingly after each DRP allocation domain, the form in this territory is as shown in table 3.The frame format that has increased the DRP IE behind the MAS Control territory is as shown in table 4.In table 3, the decimal place side-play amount of first MAS of first byte (First MAS Offset) expression reservation, the decimal place side-play amount of last MAS of second byte (Last MAS Offset) expression reservation.The form of these two bytes is the same, and each byte comprises three parts.Highest order is a sign bit, and expression is to add or deduct this side-play amount from the finish time that wherein, 1 expression deducts the zero hour from MAS, and 0 expression adds.The the 6th to the 4th is to keep the position, wouldn't use.What hang down 4 bit representations is exactly concrete deviant.Wherein these 5 values of 1010-1111 wouldn't be used, as retention.0000 expression deviant is 0, the complete MAS that takies this reservation; 0001 expression deviant is 0.1; 0010 expression deviant is 0.2; By that analogy, be 0.9 up to 1001 expression deviants.Therefore, the amended DRP IE of the embodiment of the invention can more accurately represent the MAS number of the required reservation of source node, can be as accurate as behind the decimal point one.
Table 3
Table 4
| Octets：1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | ... | 4 | 2 |
| Element ID | Length | DRP Control | Target/Owner DevAddr | |
|
... | DRP Allocation N | MAS Control N |
Be used for transfer of data if node A need preengage 1.5 MAS, and Node B also needs to preengage 1.5 MAS and is used for transfer of data.So, node A can be arranged to preengage two MAS, and first byte (the First MAS Offset) value that is provided with simultaneously in the MAS Control territory is 0, i.e. not skew of first MAS is taken by complete; It is 00000101 that second byte (Last MAS Offset) value is set, and promptly the duration that takies of second MAS is for being carved into 0.5 MAS time constantly from the outset.Therefore, second MAS also remains the time of 0.5 MAS duration, can be used for the transfer of data of Node B.Node B is provided with the method for DRP IE and node category-A seemingly, does not repeat them here.
If source node just needs a period of time in the middle of certain MAS of reservation, as preengage 0.6 MAS, and in same MAS, then first byte in the MAS Control territory (First MAS Offset) expression is the side-play amount that need add the zero hour from this MAS, second byte (Last MASOffset) expression be the side-play amount that need deduct the finish time from this MAS.Source node just can remove more accurate reservation channel time according to needs of self and the number situation of the MAS of other node needs like this.So just can effectively reduce the waste of channel time, improve the throughput of whole network.
After preengaging successfully, when the MAS of reservation arrived, source node began to send data, and intermediate node goes to transmit data according to routing iinformation and receives data up to destination node.In embodiments of the present invention, intermediate node just can be transmitted after receiving Frame immediately, need not remake meaningless wait.
If offered load is less, less demanding for time delay, most communications all are can finish by transmission once, can just remove to preengage MAS according to node so, at this moment can put 0 to MAS Control territory entirely, all remove a pre-round number MAS at every turn.If but offered load is bigger, and is higher for delay requirement, the situation of multi-hop transmission often appears, at this moment use the reserving method of the MAS of embodiment of the invention proposition, can utilize channel time fully, improve network throughput, reduce access delay.
To adopt the situation of the network throughput after the reserving method of the MAS that the embodiment of the invention proposes below, compare with the situation of network throughput after the MAS reserving method in the MAC agreement that adopts existing standard.
Suppose that source node has data to send all the time, and always can consult to preengage successfully that promptly the data of source node always can successfully send, directly idle the processing was not used further to PCA and inserted the over head time among the Reservation Block (reserved block).The error rate of supposing channel simultaneously is 0, and promptly channel is an error-free channel.The load length of each Frame is L, T
PreamExpression leading character length, L
hThe length of expression PLCP Header (PhysicalLayer Convergence Protocol Header, Physical Layer Convergence Protocol head) byte, L
ACKExpression ACK (Acknowledge confirms) frame length, L
tThe length of expression FCS (Frame Check Sequence, frame detects sequence), Tail (postamble) and Pad (filling up) bit, R
dThe transmission rate of expression Frame, R
bThe transmission rate of expression frame head.Use Imm-ACK (Immediate Acknowledgment confirms immediately) acknowledgement mechanism.Source node once sends M Frame, does not consider propagation delay, then can try to achieve once to transmit the needed time between two nodes and be:
If one time route needs K point-to-point transmission, then can try to achieve a route transmission time and be:
T
route＝K×T
actual (2)
If adopt the reserving method of the MAS of embodiment of the invention proposition to remove to preengage channel time, the MAS number that then needs to preengage can approximate representation be:
T wherein
MASBe the time span of a MAS, regulation is 256 μ s in the agreement.So the reserving method network throughput afterwards that can obtain the MAS that adopts embodiment of the invention proposition is:
If go to preengage the method for channel time in the employing prior art according to route, the MAS number that then needs to preengage can be expressed as:
Therefore, can obtain and adopt in the prior art network throughput that goes to preengage the method for channel time according to route to be:
And when adopting the MAC agreement of existing standard, need the MAS number of reservation to be:
Therefore, the network throughput that can obtain the MAC agreement that adopts existing standard is:
Obviously, exist with lower inequality:
Also promptly:
N
ECMA≥N
route≥N
ARTAP (10)
Like this, can obtain:
S
ARTAP≥S
route≥S
ECMA (11)
In sum, the network throughput of the reserving method of the MAS that the embodiment of the invention proposes is better than the network throughput that goes the allocated channel time in the prior art according to route, and the network throughput of the MAC agreement of existing standard.
Use MATLAB to carry out simulating, verifying below, the network throughput that goes to preengage the MAC agreement of the network throughput of method of channel time and existing standard according to route in the network throughput of the reserving method of the MAS that the embodiment of the invention is proposed, the prior art carries out emulation.
Suppose that all source nodes have known the complete route that arrives destination node, have data to send all the time simultaneously and can successfully preengage the MAS of needs.Embodiment of the invention analysis with emulation different hop counts and every jumping send under the situation of different number Frames the situation of the network throughput of three kinds of methods.For the purpose of the convenience of emulation and analysis, suppose that in the hop count of node and each Frame number that sends all are identical with an emulation, the value of the important simulation parameter that some are shared sees Table 5.When analysis and emulation, the load size of Frame is 2000Bytes without exception, supposes that channel is an error-free channel, adopts the Imm-ACK acknowledgement mechanism.The number of transmissions of each communication is minimum to be 1, is 9 to the maximum.Network throughput situation when one, two, three of the every jumping transmissions of node and five Frames also have been discussed respectively simultaneously, promptly M is respectively 1,2,3,5 o'clock network throughput situation.The result of analysis and emulation such as Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6.
Table 5 simulation parameter and value
| Simulation parameter | Value |
| Guard Time | 12μs |
| SIFS | 10μs |
| MIFS | 1.875μs |
| Preamble Length | 9.375μs |
| Data Frame Size | 2000Bytes |
| PLCP Header Size | 200Bits |
| ACK Frame Size | 200Bits |
| Base Rate | 39.4Mbps |
| Data Rate | 480Mbps |
Fig. 3 is emulation and the analysis result when node only sends a Frame at every turn.Wherein, continuous curve is the analysis result that is calculated by the analysis formula, and independent data point is the simulation result that is moved out by MATLAB.As seen from the figure, the result of analysis and emulation fits like a glove.If adopt the MAC agreement of existing standard, throughput is stabilized in about 62.5Mbps; If go to preengage the method for channel time in the employing prior art according to route, because node can remove a pre-round number MAS according to route, this can cause the difference along with the required hop count of each transmission, the data volume that sends in the unit interval also occurs more different, and being reflected on the chart is exactly that the fluctuation of network throughput is bigger.Though but it should be noted that throughput is changing, under each situation, adopt in the prior art network throughput of the method network throughput during all more than or equal to the MAC agreement that adopts existing standard that removes to preengage channel time according to route always.And the reserving method of the MAS that the employing embodiment of the invention proposes, as seen from Figure 3, the curve of network throughput is smoother, and all is greater than or equals the network throughput of preceding two kinds of methods to a point.This is because adopt the reserving method of the MAS of the embodiment of the invention, and is more accurate for the reservation of MAS, has saved channel time, has improved the performance of network.
To be respectively that node is each send two for Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, emulation and analysis result when three and five Frames.As seen from the figure, under these three kinds of situations, the result of analysis and emulation fits like a glove.And under each situation, network throughput when adopting the reserving method of MAS of the embodiment of the invention all is greater than or equals to adopt prior art to remove to preengage the network throughput of the method for channel time according to route, and the network throughput when adopting the MAC agreement of existing standard.Especially when M=3, as shown in Figure 5, adopt existing standard the MAC agreement network throughput and to adopt prior art to remove to preengage the network throughput of method of channel time according to route almost equal, and adopt the reserving method of the MAS of the embodiment of the invention can improve network throughput to a certain extent, optimize network performance.Certainly, by can also observing among Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, along with increasing of the number of each transmission Frame, the network throughput that adopts the reserving method of the MAS of the embodiment of the invention to improve can tail off.If this is because node has mass data to need to send in a data transmission procedure, then need to preengage a plurality of MAS, the channel time of waste this moment is than the channel time that uses, therefore proportion can diminish, and adopts the throughput that improves relatively behind the reserving method of MAS of the embodiment of the invention also can diminish.
As shown in Figure 7, the structure chart for the reservation system of a kind of MAS of the embodiment of the invention comprises:
As shown in Figure 8, the structure chart for a kind of network node of the embodiment of the invention comprises:
This network node also comprises: data transmission blocks 84 is used for after the MAS of reservation module 83 reservations arrives data being forwarded to destination node by intermediate node.
Wherein, reservation module 83 is specially: MAS preengage module, and being used for by DRP IE is that described route is preengage MAS, and this DRP IE comprises one or more DRP allocation domain, and the DRP allocation domain comprises the MAS control domain, and the MAS control domain is used to control the length of the MAS of reservation.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be well understood to the present invention and can realize by the mode that software adds essential general hardware platform, can certainly pass through hardware, but the former is better execution mode under a lot of situation.Based on such understanding, the part that technical scheme of the present invention contributes to prior art in essence in other words can embody with the form of software product, this computer software product is stored in the storage medium, comprise that some instructions are with so that a computer equipment (can be a personal computer, server, the perhaps network equipment etc.) carry out the described method of each embodiment of the present invention.
More than disclosed only be several specific embodiment of the present invention, still, the present invention is not limited thereto, any those skilled in the art can think variation all should fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1, the reserving method of a kind of medium access slot MAS is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
The route of inquiry from the source node to the destination node;
Calculate according to described route data are transferred to the transmission time that described destination node need be used from described source node, and calculate the number of the MAS that the described transmission time takies;
The number of the MAS that takies according to the described transmission time is the node reservation MAS of transmission on described route of described data.
2, the reserving method of MAS according to claim 1 is characterized in that, after the number of the described MAS that takies according to the described transmission time is the node reservation MAS of transmission on described route of described data, also comprises:
After the MAS of described reservation arrives, described data are forwarded to described destination node by intermediate node.
3, the reserving method of MAS according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the number of the described MAS that takies according to the described transmission time is that the node reservation MAS of transmission on described route of described data comprises:
According to the transmission time of described data between a hop node each intermediate node reservation MAS to described route.
4, the reserving method of MAS according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described transmission for described data comprises to the reservation of the node on described route MAS: by the node reservation MAS of distributed reservation protocol cell DRP IE on described route, described DRP IE comprises one or more distributed reservation protocol DRP allocation domain, described DRP allocation domain comprises the MAS control domain, and described MAS control domain is used to control the length of the MAS of reservation.
5, as the reserving method of MAS as described in the claim 4, it is characterized in that, described MAS control domain comprises two bytes, the decimal place side-play amount of first MAS of first byte representation reservation in described two bytes, the decimal place side-play amount of last MAS of second byte representation reservation.
6, the reservation system of a kind of medium access slot MAS is characterized in that, comprising:
Source node, be used to inquire about the route of the data that need transmission, calculate the transmission time that described transfer of data need be used according to described route, and calculate the number of the MAS that the described transmission time takies, the number of the MAS that takies according to the described transmission time is the node reservation MAS of transmission on described route of described data, and sends described data;
Intermediate node is used to receive described data, after the MAS of described source node reservation arrives, transmits described data in the MAS of described reservation;
Destination node is used to receive the data that described source node is transmitted by described intermediate node.
7, a kind of network node is characterized in that, comprising:
Enquiry module is used to inquire about the route of the data that need transmission;
Computing module is used for calculating the transmission time that described transfer of data need be used according to the route of described enquiry module inquiry, and calculates the number of the MAS that the described transmission time takies;
Reservation module, the number that is used for the MAS that takies according to the described transmission time are described route reservation MAS.
8, as network node as described in the claim 7, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Data transmission blocks is used for after the MAS of described reservation module reservation arrives described data being forwarded to described destination node by intermediate node.
9, as network node as described in the claim 7, it is characterized in that described reservation module is specially:
MAS preengages module, being used for by distributed reservation protocol cell DRP IE is described route reservation MAS, described DRP IE comprises one or more DRP allocation domain, and described DRP allocation domain comprises the MAS control domain, and described MAS control domain is used to control the length of the MAS of reservation.
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| CN105612787B (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2018-12-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | Point-to-multipoint communication and communication node based on Mesh structure |
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