CN101518821A - Microwave sintering method and microwave sintering device for self-lubricating composite material - Google Patents
Microwave sintering method and microwave sintering device for self-lubricating composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN101518821A CN101518821A CN200910029749A CN200910029749A CN101518821A CN 101518821 A CN101518821 A CN 101518821A CN 200910029749 A CN200910029749 A CN 200910029749A CN 200910029749 A CN200910029749 A CN 200910029749A CN 101518821 A CN101518821 A CN 101518821A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a microwave sintering method and a microwave sintering device for a self-lubricating composite material. The method comprises the following steps: covering a layer of copper powder evenly on a substrate steel plate; performing microwave presintering on the substrate steel plate covered with the copper powder; heating the substrate steel plate covered with the copper powder to different temperatures according to different time periods, and performing high sintering on the steel plate covered with the substrate copper powder to make the substrate steel plate and the copper powder welded and bonded together; adhering a layer of PTFE to the surface of the substrate steel plate covered with the copper powder and leveling the substrate steel plate covered with the copper powder; and heating the substrate steel plate covered with the copper powder to different temperatures according to different time periods, and performing sintering on the substrate steel plate covered with the copper powder once again to volatilize moisture and alcohol in the PTFE and perform a cross linking reaction to form a stable and reliable lubricating layer. The device consists of a vacuum chamber, an insulating board, a special sintering furnace cavity, a microwave generator, and a far-infrared thermodetector; and the special sintering furnace cavity consists of an insulating ceramic layer, a SIC wave-absorbed layer, and a thermal storage and thermal conduction ceramic layer. The method and the device can realize the microwave indirect sintering preparation of a three-layer self-lubricating composite material consisting of the substrate layer, namely the steel plate, the middle layer, namely the bronze powder, and the surface layer, namely the PTFE, and have the characteristics of quick and even heating, less floor space, short sintering time, low energy consumption, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave sintering method and device of self-lubricating composite, be particularly useful for the preparation of part composites such as industrial circle self-lubricating bearings such as automobile, mining machinery, textile machine, farm machinery, chemical machinery, Medical Devices, office equipment, friction pair mating part, senior sealing ring.
Background technology
Self-lubricating composite generally is matrix with the steel plate, and bronze powder is the intermediate layer, and PTFE plastics such as (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) are superficial layer, is the good material of making Nonlubricated bearing, friction pair mating part, senior sealing ring etc.The most heavily stressed 140MPa of reaching that this kind material can bear, the serviceability temperature scope is-195 ℃～270 ℃.Rather extensive by the Nonlubricated bearing that this kind material is made in the application of industrial circles such as automobile, mining machinery, textile machine, farm machinery, chemical machinery, Medical Devices, office equipment.
At present, the net belt type sintering furnace of resistance wire heating is mostly adopted in the preparation of self-lubricating composite, because the net belt type sintering furnace body of resistance wire heating is longer, have 5 meters rice surplus 20 at least, so equipment is huge, floor space is big, debug difficulties is difficult to guarantee enough sintering precisions; Temperature control is difficult in the stove in addition, and actual temperature is difficult to check; Power consumption is big besides, the cost costliness; Operational maintenance safeguards that consumption is useless bigger.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is topic, provide a kind of method easy at the prior art existence, easily debugging, sintering is quick, the precision height, compact conformation, floor space is little, and temperature control is convenient, energy-conservation, the microwave sintering method of the self-lubricating composite that cost is low and device.
The microwave sintering method of self-lubricating composite of the present invention:
A, the matrix steel plate that will be attached with bronze powder are inserted in the special sintering furnace thorax of micro-wave oven, in nitrogen/hydrogen combination atmosphere, the microwave basic frequency is 2450MHz, presintering under certain microwave power, and temperature is reach a certain height, insulation a period of time;
B, under certain microwave power, continue sintering, be heated to different temperatures by the different periods, when temperature reach a certain height, insulation a period of time, make copper powder and matrix steel plate be sintered to one, guarantee matrix steel plate and bronze powder weld bonds, and uniform hole is arranged;
C, taking-up are cooled to normal temperature, are sintered to surface attachment one deck PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) of one then at copper powder and matrix steel plate, offset, and PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) is entered in the intergranular hole of bronze powder;
D., the three-layer self lubricating composite that will be attached with PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) is inserted in the special sintering furnace thorax of micro-wave oven sintering once more, be heated to different temperatures by the different periods, when temperature reach a certain height, insulation a period of time, make moisture and alcohol volatilization among the PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)), under heating condition cross-linking reaction taking place, forms reliable and stable lubricating layer.
The microwave power of described presintering is 1000W, is heated to 250 ℃ in about 10 minutes, is incubated about 10 minutes; The microwave power of described continuation sintering is 1800W, is heated to 400 ℃ in about 30 minutes, is heated to 600 ℃ in about 60 minutes, is heated to 800 ℃ in about 90 minutes, is heated to 950 ℃ in about 120 minutes, and constant temperature is about 120 minutes in 950 ℃; The microwave power of described PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) sintering is 800W, is heated to 150 ℃ in about 10 minutes, is heated to 200 ℃ in about 20 minutes, is heated to 300 ℃ in about 30 minutes, is heated to 350 ℃ in about 60 minutes, is incubated about 120 minutes.
Finish the microwave sintering device of the self-lubricating composite of said method, comprise vacuum chamber, be located at the thermal insulation board in the vacuum chamber, be respectively equipped with microwave generator and far infrared temperature measurer on the vacuum chamber, the top of vacuum chamber is provided with venthole and is suitable for the spy mouth of far infrared temperature measurer, lateral wall is provided with air admission hole, be provided with the special sintering furnace thorax in the described vacuum chamber, the special sintering furnace thorax comprises heat preserving ceramic layer, accumulation of heat and hot conductive ceramic layer and the SiC that is located between heat preserving ceramic layer, accumulation of heat and the hot conductive ceramic layer inhales the ripple layer; The special sintering furnace thorax is provided with the breather pipe that links to each other with vacuum chamber lateral wall air admission hole.
Beneficial effect: can realize the microwave indirect sintering preparation of the three-layer self lubricating composite formed by base layer steel plate, intermediate layer bronze powder and superficial layer PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)), adopt the extremely strong microwave of penetration power to be penetrated into material internal, the polar molecule that makes material under the microwave high-frequency effect of electric field repeatedly fast orientation rotate and frictional heat, have heat up rapidly, uniform distribution of temperature field, energy consumption are low, help control and serialization production automatically.Utilize the mode of microwave indirect sintering to finish the sintering preparation of composite, compare with traditional resistance-type heating, floor space is little, and body of heater length is less than 5 meters, and sintering time shortens greatly, and energy consumption reduces by 70～90%, and has following advantage:
1. change the mode of traditional resistor formula heating and, effectively utilized the characteristic of heating using microwave sintering, accelerated the production cycle, reduced energy consumption, saved cost by the heating using microwave sintering.
2. gained self-lubricating composite performance is better than normal sintering gained self-lubricating composite performance.
3. because the microwave indirect sintering device that is adopted can be used, therefore greatly reduce dependence and improvement cost on the general industry micro-wave oven to industrial microwave oven.
4. the advantage that has self-lubricating property excellence, anti-heavy duty, heatproof, high densification and long service life.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is a structural representation of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1-vacuum chamber, 2-thermal insulation board, 3-microwave generator, 4-heat preserving ceramic layer, 5-venthole, 6-are visited mouth, 7-far infrared temperature measurer, and 8-SiC inhales ripple layer, 9-accumulation of heat and hot conductive ceramic layer, 10-air admission hole, 11-composite, 12-material pallet, 13-support.
The specific embodiment
The microwave sintering method of self-lubricating composite of the present invention: adopt the special sintering furnace thorax of the material making of strong microwave absorption capacity to absorb microwave and produce heat, and heat conducted to the composite that places in it, at first on the base layer steel plate, evenly cover one deck copper powder, to cover the steel plate copper powder then and carry out the quick presintering of microwave, the matrix steel plate that is about to be attached with bronze powder is inserted the special sintering furnace thorax, the special sintering furnace thorax is inserted in the micro-wave oven that basic frequency is 2450MHz then, in nitrogen/hydrogen combination atmosphere, the power of presintering stage micro-wave oven is 1000W, be heated to 250 ℃ in about 10 minutes, be incubated 10 minutes, to reduce the disorder that thermal stress reaches the copper powder particle that therefore causes, avoid the copper powder skewness;
On the basis of covering the presintering of steel plate copper powder, continue sintering, the power that continues the sintered microwave stove is 1800W, be heated to 400 ℃ in about 30 minutes, be heated to 600 ℃ in about 60 minutes, be heated to 800 ℃ in about 90 minutes, be heated to 950 ℃ in about 120 minutes, about 120 minutes of constant temperature, further together, guarantee that matrix steel plate and bronze powder seam bond, and uniform hole is arranged copper powder and matrix steel plate microwave Fast Sintering; Effectively utilize the sintering characteristic of microwave, accelerated the production cycle, reduced energy consumption, saved cost;
Take out, be cooled to normal temperature, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) layer of superficial layer lubricate is applied and offset compacting in the bronze powder hole of intermediate layer, make PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) attached in the intergranular hole of bronze powder;
The three-layer self lubricating composite that will be attached with PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) is inserted in the special sintering furnace thorax of micro-wave oven sintering once more, the power of micro-wave oven is 800W, be heated to 150 ℃ in about 10 minutes, be heated to 200 ℃ in about 20 minutes, be heated to 300 ℃ in about 30 minutes, be heated to 350 ℃ in about 60 minutes, be incubated 120 minutes, utilize microwave to carry out the flash baking sintering, make moisture and alcohol volatilization among the PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)), and the generation cross-linking reaction, bring into play lubrication better.
Shown in the accompanying drawing, the microwave sintering device is mainly by vacuum chamber 1, be located at thermal insulation board 2 and special sintering furnace thorax in the vacuum chamber 1, the microwave generator 3 and the far infrared temperature measurer 7 that are located at respectively on the vacuum chamber 1 constitute, the top of vacuum chamber 1 is provided with venthole 5, sidewall is provided with the air admission hole 10 that links to each other with special sintering furnace thorax breather pipe, and air admission hole 10 and venthole 5 provide gas atmosphere for sintering; Vacuum chamber 1 top exterior walls is provided with the spy mouth 6 that is suitable for far infrared temperature measurer 7, and composite 11 is arranged in the special sintering furnace thorax by material pallet 12 and support 13.The special sintering furnace thorax is by heat preserving ceramic layer 4, accumulation of heat and hot conductive ceramic layer 9 and be located at SiC between heat preserving ceramic layer 4, accumulation of heat and the hot conductive ceramic layer 9 and inhale ripple layer 8 and constitute, produce heat to absorb microwave, thereby and heat conducted to placing composite 11 in it to realize the indirect sintering of microwaves.The special sintering furnace thorax has two effects, and the one, intermediate layer SiC dusty material absorbs microwave fully, and the composite of avoiding adorning within it produces glow discharge because of microwave reflection; The 2nd, insulation and conduction of heat, top layer refractory material thermal conductivity is low and play insulation effect, avoids material to be dissipated in outside the device, makes heat more concentrated, internal layer refractory material heat conductivility is good, fast heat is conducted to dress within it composite and carry out sintering.The size of special sintering furnace thorax is regulated according to the size of producing composite 11 specifications, produces the sintering needs of going up many specifications product to satisfy.Vacuum chamber 1 is to vacuumize and form by the steel plate manufacturing of sealing and through vavuum pump, to satisfy the SINTERING PRODUCTION needs of anti-oxidation; Vacuum chamber 1 liner one deck thermal insulation board 2 is refractory ceramic materials that one deck does not absorb microwave, is heated to be incubated and to prevent vacuum chamber 1 better; Microwave generator 3 produces microwave and is emitted in the vacuum chamber 1, and through being absorbed by SiC suction ripple layer 8 behind the heat preserving ceramic layer 4 and producing heat, heat is given the composite of placing within it 11 through accumulation of heat and 9 conduction of hot conductive ceramic layer.Because prepared composite 11 is a metal material, to microwave only produce the reflection and do not absorb, and very likely produce glow discharge because of reflection, therefore absorb microwave with the special sintering furnace thorax and produce heat, and heat conducted to the composite 11 that places in it, thereby realize the indirect sintering of microwave.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of microwave sintering method of self-lubricating composite is characterized in that:
A, the matrix steel plate that will be attached with bronze powder are inserted in the special sintering furnace thorax of micro-wave oven, in nitrogen/hydrogen combination atmosphere, the microwave basic frequency is 2450MHz, presintering under the condition of certain microwave power, and temperature is reach a certain height, insulation a period of time;
B, under the condition of certain microwave power, continue sintering, be heated to different temperatures by the different periods, when temperature reach a certain height, insulation a period of time, make copper powder and matrix steel plate be sintered to one, guarantee matrix steel plate and bronze powder weld bonds, and uniform hole is arranged;
C, taking-up are cooled to normal temperature, are sintered to surface attachment one deck PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) of one then at copper powder and matrix steel plate, offset, and PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) is entered in the intergranular hole of bronze powder;
D., the three-layer self lubricating composite that will be attached with PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) is inserted in the special sintering furnace thorax of micro-wave oven sintering once more, be heated to different temperatures by the different periods, when temperature reach a certain height, insulation a period of time, make moisture and alcohol volatilization among the PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)), under heating condition cross-linking reaction taking place, forms reliable and stable lubricating layer.
2, the microwave sintering method of self-lubricating composite according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the microwave power of described presintering is 1000W, is heated to 250 ℃ in about 10 minutes, and insulation is about 10 minutes in 250 ℃.
3, the microwave sintering method of self-lubricating composite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the microwave power of described continuation sintering is 1800W, be heated to 400 ℃ in about 30 minutes, be heated to 600 ℃ in about 60 minutes, be heated to 800 ℃ in about 90 minutes, be heated to 950 ℃ in about 120 minutes, insulation is about 120 minutes in 950 ℃.
4, the microwave sintering method of self-lubricating composite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the microwave power of described PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) sintering is 800W, be heated to 150 ℃ in about 10 minutes, be heated to 200 ℃ in about 20 minutes, be heated to 300 ℃ in about 30 minutes, be heated to 350 ℃ in about 60 minutes, insulation is about 120 minutes in 350 ℃.
5, a kind of microwave sintering device of self-lubricating composite of method according to claim 1, it comprises vacuum chamber (1), be located at the thermal insulation board (2) in the vacuum chamber (1), be respectively equipped with microwave generator (3) and far infrared temperature measurer (7) on the vacuum chamber (1), the top of vacuum chamber (1) is provided with venthole (5) and is suitable for the spy mouth (6) of far infrared temperature measurer (7), lateral wall is provided with air admission hole (10), it is characterized in that: described vacuum chamber is provided with the special sintering furnace thorax in (1), and the special sintering furnace thorax comprises heat preserving ceramic layer (4), accumulation of heat and hot conductive ceramic layer (9) and be located at heat preserving ceramic layer (4), SiC between accumulation of heat and the hot conductive ceramic layer (9) inhales ripple layer (8); The special sintering furnace thorax is provided with the breather pipe that links to each other with vacuum chamber (1) lateral wall air admission hole (10).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100297498A CN101518821B (en) | 2009-04-07 | 2009-04-07 | Microwave sintering method for self-lubricating composite material |
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| CN2009100297498A CN101518821B (en) | 2009-04-07 | 2009-04-07 | Microwave sintering method for self-lubricating composite material |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102601373A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-07-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Method and device for preparing composite ceramic layer surface strengthened aluminum alloy material |
| CN108151887A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-12 | 湖南航天诚远精密机械有限公司 | A kind of microwave experiment stove |
| CN111085687A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-05-01 | 嘉善欧本轴承有限公司 | Self-lubricating composite material and production process thereof |
-
2009
- 2009-04-07 CN CN2009100297498A patent/CN101518821B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102601373A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-07-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Method and device for preparing composite ceramic layer surface strengthened aluminum alloy material |
| CN102601373B (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2014-04-16 | 中国矿业大学 | Method and device for preparing composite ceramic layer surface strengthened aluminum alloy material |
| CN108151887A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-06-12 | 湖南航天诚远精密机械有限公司 | A kind of microwave experiment stove |
| CN111085687A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-05-01 | 嘉善欧本轴承有限公司 | Self-lubricating composite material and production process thereof |
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| CN101518821B (en) | 2010-12-08 |
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Granted publication date: 20101208 Termination date: 20130407 |