CN101513689A - Short circuit determination method for electrode fused arc welding - Google Patents
Short circuit determination method for electrode fused arc welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN101513689A CN101513689A CNA2009100074235A CN200910007423A CN101513689A CN 101513689 A CN101513689 A CN 101513689A CN A2009100074235 A CNA2009100074235 A CN A2009100074235A CN 200910007423 A CN200910007423 A CN 200910007423A CN 101513689 A CN101513689 A CN 101513689A
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Abstract
The invention provides a short circuit judgment method for electrode fused arc welding, by which even the electric cable for welding is long in the electrode fused arc welding, whether the welding filament and the base metal in short circuit status or arc generation status can be accurately determined, and welding of high quality can be executed. A welding voltage (Vw) is compared with a short circuit standard value (Vt), a short circuit status is judged when the welding voltage (Vw) is lower than the short circuit standard value (Vt), while an arc generation status is judged when the welding voltage (Vw) is higher than the short circuit standard value (Vt). The short circuit standard value (Vt) varies according to the welding current value, and an upper limit is set in the arc generation status, which is a function of the welding current. Therefore, error judgment of short circuit status caused by welding voltage sudden decrease after arc generation can be prevented.
Description
Technical field
The short circuit determination method of consumable electrode arc welding of the short-circuit condition between welding wire and the mother metal the present invention relates to be used to judge rightly.
Background technology
In the consumable electrode arc welding, welding wire and mother metal between repeatedly carry out short-circuit condition and electric arc generation state on one side, weld on one side.Connect in carbonic acid gas arc welding, the active gas shielded arc welding of the metal utmost point, during MIG (metal intert gas) welding connects etc., become during the short circuit of carrying out repeatedly regularly about 3～5ms in the little/middle galvanic areas below the 200A degree and the short circuiting arc welding of the arc period about 10～30ms.On the other hand, in big galvanic areas, be particle transfer or spray transfer from the droplet transfer mode of welding wire, take place brokenly during the following short circuit of 1ms.The situation of pulse electric charge welding is also roughly the same with the situation of big galvanic areas.In this consumable electrode arc welding, in order to obtain stable welded condition, with the welding current in during the suitable waveform energising short circuit (below be called short circuit current) and to make be important to the arc period transition smoothly.Thereby, during the short circuit that judges rightly, need be with the waveform energising short circuit current of regulation, the performance of short circuit determination method becomes one of important key element of decision welding quality.Below, the short circuit determination method of prior art is described.
Fig. 3 is hinged with the figure of the general structure of putting for the expression arc welding with consumable.Welding beginning circuit ST output welding commencing signal St.This welding beginning circuit ST be built in the programmable logic controller that is used to manage welding sequence (Programmable Logic Controller, PLC) in, in robot welding, be built in the robot controller etc.When source of welding current PS imported this welding commencing signal St, output was suitable for the weldingvoltage Vw and the welding current Iw of arc welding, and output be used to control wire feed motor WM rotation give control signal Fc.
Welding wire 1, the rotation by the thread delivering roller 5 that is coupled with wire feed motor WM is fed in the welding torch 4, be powered via power supply chip, and mother metal 2 between produce electric arc 3.On mother metal 2, form fusion pool 2a by this electric arc 3.Be connected with cable 6a, 6b by welding between the lead-out terminal of source of welding current PS and the welding torch 4 and between lead-out terminal and the mother metal.
At this, when welding wire 1 and mother metal 2 short circuits, following formula is set up.
Vw=(Rc+Rsx+Rp) Iw ... formula (1)
Wherein, Rc is the resistance value of welding with cable, the silk protuberance resistance value when Rsx is short circuit, and Rp is the resistance value that comprises the mother metal of fusion pool.In addition, when electric arc 3 produced, following formula was set up.
Vw=(Rc+Rax+Rp) Iw+Va ... formula (2)
Wherein, the silk protuberance resistance value when Rax is the electric arc generation, Va is an arc voltage value.
At this, can roughly think Rsx=Rax=Rx, if, then can judge short-circuit condition and electric arc generation state therefore as shown in the formula setting short circuit a reference value Vt like that.
Vt=K1Iw+K2 ... formula (3)
Wherein, K1 is a constant, K1=(Rc+Rx+Rp).In addition, K2 also is a constant, K2=Va/2.When constant K 1 can be ignored, also can be set at Vt=K2.Below the short circuit determination method that uses this short circuit a reference value Vt is described.
Fig. 4 is the figure of the current/voltage waveform of expression consumable electrode arc welding.Figure (A) expression welding current Iw, figure (B) expression weldingvoltage Vw.This figure is the oscillogram of the stable welded condition in the short circuiting arc welding.Below, describe with reference to this figure.
Constantly during the short circuit of t1～t2 among the Ts, shown in figure (A), welding current Iw has suitable slope and increases, shown in this figure (B), weldingvoltage Vw becomes the short-circuit voltage value of little value, increases gradually along with the increase of welding current Iw shown in above-mentioned formula (1).Current waveform during the short circuit among the Ts is suitable this point has bigger influence to the stability of welded condition.Constantly among the arc period Ta among t2～t3, shown in figure (A), welding current Iw reduces gradually according to arc load, shown in this figure (B), the magnitude of voltage when electric arc of weldingvoltage Vw big value when becoming than short circuit takes place, shown in above-mentioned formula (2), reduce gradually along with the minimizing of welding current Iw.Among the Ts, in order correctly to control welding current Iw, control and source of welding current Ps is carried out constant current during the short circuit, in order to control electric arc length the welding power ps being carried out constant voltage control among the arc period Ta is general situation.
Shown in the dotted line of this figure (B), when setting short circuit a reference value Vt by above-mentioned formula (3), short circuit a reference value Vt increases among the Ts during short circuit according to welding current value Iw, reduces among the arc period Ta.At this, weldingvoltage Vw is this short circuit a reference value Vt when following, and being judged as is Ts during the short circuit, and when weldingvoltage Vw surpassed short circuit a reference value Vt, being judged as was arc period Ta.Thus, Ts and arc period Ta during the short circuit that can judge rightly, the output control by during being suitable for respectively can access good welding quality (reference example such as patent documentation 1,2).
Patent documentation 1: Japanese kokai publication sho 61-176474 communique
Patent documentation 2: Japanese kokai publication sho 61-238469 communique
Fig. 5 is the oscillogram of above-mentioned resistance value (Rc+Rx+Rp) the weldingvoltage Vw when big.As described above, Rc is the resistance value of welding with cable, and Rx is a silk protuberance resistance value, and Rp is the resistance value of mother metal.Become big situation as resistance value, detecting weldingvoltage Vw from the lead-out terminal of the source of welding current is general situation, therefore be because welding is long with cable, and the big situation of Rc change.In addition,, can consider under the thin situation of the diameter of welding wire that the outstanding length of silk is when elongated as other situation, welding wire be the situation of the material that resistance value is big as stainless steel etc. like that, a big situation of protuberance resistance value Rx change.In addition, as other situation, consider that mother metal is the situation of the material that resistance value is big as stainless steel.Below, with reference to this figure problem of the present invention is described.
Weldingvoltage Vw among the Ts during the short circuit of t1～t2 when resistance value (Rc+Rx+Rp) is big as above-mentioned formula (1), increases to the precipitous gradient along with the increase of welding current constantly.Equally, the short circuit a reference value Vt shown in the dotted line shown in above-mentioned formula (3), increases along with the increase of welding current.Therefore, among the Ts, welding voltage value Vw is littler than short circuit a reference value Vt during the short circuit of moment t1～t2, therefore as being judged rightly during the short circuit.But because resistance value (Rc+Rx+Rp) is big, so weldingvoltage Vw increases with the precipitous gradient, so the difference of welding voltage value Vw and short circuit a reference value Vt is little.
When producing electric arc in moment t2, weldingvoltage Vw moment rises sharp.This is, will be used to supply with in order to make from short-circuit condition carry out the transition to electric arc generation state and the result of the voltage recruitment of the energy of needs and the arc voltage value caused voltage recruitment addition corresponding with arc length.In moment t2, because welding voltage value Vw is bigger than short circuit a reference value Vt, the electric arc that therefore can judge rightly takes place.
Electric arc in moment t2 is in case produce, then need be along with the voltage recruitment of above-mentioned transfer, so welding voltage value Vw is die-offed.Its result, with irrelevant for arc period, welding voltage value Vw is littler than short circuit a reference value Vt in moment t3, and this state continuance arrives till the moment t4.Therefore, erroneous judgement disconnected this constantly t3～t4 during for during the short circuit.Produce erroneous judgement when disconnected, irrelevant with arc period, carry out the output control during the short circuit, it is unstable that welded condition becomes.The reason that initial this erroneous judgement stopping pregnancy is given birth to is, because resistance value (Rc+Rx+Rp) is big, so the cause that diminishes of the difference of weldingvoltage Vw and short circuit a reference value Vt.In other words, for owing to judge that nargin diminishes, therefore be in the cause that is easy to generate the disconnected state of erroneous judgement.
Summary of the invention
At this, though the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of under the big situation of resistance value (Rc+Rx+Rp), during the short circuit that also can judge rightly and the short circuit determination method of the consumable electrode arc welding of arc period.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, the short circuit determination method of one of the present invention's consumable electrode arc welding, this consumable electrode arc welding is alternately repeatedly during the short circuit and arc period, and during becoming the short circuit a reference value and judge above-mentioned short circuit to get off by welding voltage value, above-mentioned short circuit a reference value is set at and the corresponding value of welding current, it is characterized in that, in above-mentioned arc period, higher limit is set at above-mentioned short circuit a reference value, stipulate that this higher limit is the function of welding current.
The present invention's two, the short circuit determination method of described consumable electrode arc welding is characterized in that one of according to the present invention, only from setting above-mentioned higher limit the zero hour to specified time limit of each arc period.
According to the present invention,, can prevent that the erroneous judgement of short-circuit condition and electric arc generation state is disconnected by higher limit being set at the short circuit a reference value in the arc period.Therefore, can be suitable for during the short circuit respectively and the output of arc period control, therefore can access stable welded condition, can carry out high quality welding.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the oscillogram of the weldingvoltage Vw of the short circuit determination method of the relevant consumable electrode arc welding of expression embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the source of welding current that is used to implement the short circuit determination method of the consumable electrode arc welding relevant with embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of consumable electrode arc-welding apparatus of the prior art.
Fig. 4 is the current/voltage oscillogram of the short circuit determination method of expression consumable electrode arc welding of the prior art.
Fig. 5 is the oscillogram that is used to illustrate the weldingvoltage Vw of problem.
Among the figure:
1 welding wire
2 mother metals
The 2a fusion pool
3 electric arcs
4 welding torch
5 give roller
6a, 6b welding cable
The DV drive circuit
Dv drives signal
The Ea error amplification signal
EI current error amplifying circuit
Ei current error amplifying signal
EV voltage error amplifying circuit
Ev voltage error amplifying signal
FC gives control circuit
Fc gives control signal
The ID current detector
The Id current detection signal
ISR short circuit current initialization circuit
Isr short circuit current setting signal
The Iw welding current
K1, K2 constant
The PM electric power main circuit
The PS source of welding current
Silk protuberance resistance value when Rax electric arc takes place
The Rc welding resistance value of cable
Rp comprises the resistance value of the mother metal of fusion pool
Silk protuberance resistance value during the Rsx short circuit
Rx silk protuberance resistance value
SD short circuit decision circuitry
Signal is judged in the Sd short circuit
SP external behavior commutation circuit
ST welding beginning circuit
St welds commencing signal
The Ta arc period
During the Ts short circuit
The Va arc voltage value
The VD voltage detector
The Vd voltage detection signal
The VR voltage setting circuit
The Vr voltage setting signal
VT short circuit a reference value initialization circuit
Vt short circuit a reference value (signal)
VTA higher limit restriction circuit
The Vta higher limit
Vtm higher limit restriction short circuit a reference value signal
The Vw weldingvoltage
The WM silk is given motor
α, β constant
The specific embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described.
Fig. 1 is the oscillogram of the weldingvoltage Vw of the short circuit determination method of the relevant consumable electrode arc welding of expression embodiments of the present invention.Among this figure, solid line is represented weldingvoltage Vw, and dotted line is represented short circuit a reference value Vt.This figure is corresponding with above-mentioned Fig. 5, is the big situation of resistance value (Rc+Rx+Rp).Among this figure, the short circuit determination method of Ts by the prior art short-circuit condition that can judge rightly during the short circuit of t1～t2 constantly, therefore the action in during this period is identical with Fig. 5.Below, the later action different with Fig. 5 describes to moment t2 with reference to this figure.
Short circuit a reference value Vt, same as the prior art, set by above-mentioned formula (3).Be that short circuit a reference value Vt changes according to the welding current value.Thus, by setting short circuit a reference value Vt, as mentioned above, Ts during the short circuit of the moment t1～t2 that can judge rightly.
In moment t2, bigger by welding voltage value Vw than short circuit a reference value Vt, thus judge when electric arc has produced, the following higher limit Vta that is provided with like that of short circuit a reference value Vt.
Vt=K1Iw+K2 ... above-mentioned formula (3)
Vta=α Iw+ β ... formula (4)
Wherein, Iw is the welding current value, and α and β are constant.This higher limit Vta only sets at arc period, does not set during short circuit.If the act numerical example, then α probably is 0.005～0.05, and β probably is 2～20.This α and β give the welding condition of speed etc. and are set at appropriate value according to kind, the silk of the kind of welding wire, protective gas.
As shown in the drawing, in moment t2, when producing electric arc, welding voltage value Vw sharply rises.Therefore, welding voltage value Vw becomes bigger than short circuit a reference value, and arc period therefore can judge rightly.If be judged as arc period, the higher limit of then short circuit a reference value Vt is restricted to the Vta shown in the above-mentioned formula (4).Therefore, constantly t2～t3 during in the higher limit of short circuit judgment value be restricted to Vta.Its result after moment t2, even welding voltage value Vw is die-offed for the above reasons, does not have the little situation than the confined short circuit a reference value of higher limit Vt, therefore can not produce during as Fig. 5 with short circuit during erroneous judgement break.Constantly t3 later during in, the short circuit a reference value Vt that is set by above-mentioned formula (3) is littler than the higher limit Vta of above-mentioned formula (4), therefore is not restricted to higher limit Vta.In this period, because welding voltage value Vw is bigger than short circuit a reference value Vt, arc period therefore can judge rightly.
Put in order how setting short circuit a reference value Vt.In the figure, the short circuit a reference value Vt in during the short circuit of t1～t2 is constantly set by above-mentioned formula (3).Capping value not in during this short circuit.Next, constantly the short circuit a reference value Vt in the later arc period of t2 is set by above-mentioned formula (3), is restricted to higher limit Vta by above-mentioned formula (4).Short circuit a reference value Vt in during moment t2～t3 because the value of above-mentioned formula (3) is bigger than the higher limit of above-mentioned formula (4), therefore becomes the value that is restricted to higher limit Vta.On the other hand, constantly t3 later during in short circuit a reference value Vt because the value of above-mentioned formula (3) is littler than the higher limit of above-mentioned formula (4), therefore become the value of formula (3).At this, consider above-mentioned formula (4) is defined as the situation of Vta=β.Be the situation that higher limit Vta is made as setting β, for the situation of welding current value it doesn't matter ground sets this value.At this moment, setting β hour, it was disconnected to prevent that electric arc from erroneous judgement afterwards taking place.In addition, when setting β is big, can prevent that the erroneous judgement of electric arc after taking place is disconnected, but after arc period in produce the disconnected possibility increase of erroneous judgement.By higher limit Vta being set at the corresponding value with welding current value Iw as above-mentioned formula (4), thereby the erroneous judgement that prevents both is disconnected, during the short circuit that can judge rightly and arc period.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the source of welding current that is used to implement the short circuit determination method of the relevant consumable electrode arc welding of above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention.Below, with reference to this figure each block diagram is described.
Electric power main circuit PM is input with the industrial power of 3 phase 200V etc., carries out the output control of inverter control according to driving signal Dv described later, and output is suitable for the weldingvoltage Vw and the welding current Iw of arc welding.This electric power main circuit PM is made of following part: the 1 rank rectifier that 3 cross streams is carried out rectification; To being carried out level and smooth smmothing capacitor by the direct current of rectification; With smoothed DC converting is the inverter circuit of high-frequency ac; With the high-frequency ac step-down is the high frequency transformer that is suitable for the magnitude of voltage of arc welding; To the 2 rank rectifiers that carried out rectification by the high-frequency ac of step-down and to being carried out level and smooth reactor by the direct current of rectification.Welding wire 1 is fed in the welding torch 4 by giving the rotation of giving roller 5 that motor WM is coupled with silk, and mother metal 2 between produce electric arc 3.
Voltage detector VD detects weldingvoltage Vw, voltage sense signal Vd.Current detector ID detects welding current Iw, output current detection signal Id.Short circuit a reference value initialization circuit VT with above-mentioned current detection signal Id as input, based on above-mentioned formula (3) output short-circuit a reference value signal Vt.Higher limit restriction circuit VTA, with above-mentioned current detection signal Id as input, all the time calculate higher limit Vta based on above-mentioned formula (4), when short circuit judges that signal Sd is low level (arc period), when the value of above-mentioned short circuit reference signal Vt surpasses the higher limit Vta that is calculated, be restricted to higher limit Vta, output higher limit restriction short circuit reference signal Vtm.Short circuit decision circuitry SD compares the value of above-mentioned voltage detection signal Vd and the value of this higher limit restriction short circuit a reference value signal Vtm, when Vd≤Vtm, become high level (during the short circuit), when Vd＞Vtm, output becomes the short circuit of low level (arc period) and judges signal Sd.
Give control circuit FC output be used to control above-mentioned silk give motor WM rotation give control signal Fc.The short circuit current setting signal Isr of the current waveform during short circuit current initialization circuit ISR output is used to form during the predetermined short circuit.Current error amplifying circuit EI amplifies the error between this short circuit current setting signal Isr and the above-mentioned current detection signal Id, output current error amplification signal Ei.The predetermined voltage setting signal Vr of voltage setting circuit VR output.Voltage error amplifying circuit EV amplifies output voltage error amplifying signal Ev to the error between this voltage setting signal Vr and the above-mentioned voltage detection signal Vd.
External behavior commutation circuit SP, when above-mentioned short circuit judges that signal Sd is high level (during the short circuit), export above-mentioned current error amplifying signal Ei as error amplification signal Ea, when being low level (arc period), export above-mentioned voltage error amplifying signal Ev as error amplification signal Ea.Therefore, become constant-current characteristics during the short circuit, arc period becomes constant-voltage characteristic.Drive circuit DV as input, carries out pulse width modulation control with above-mentioned error amplification signal Ea, is used for the driving signal Dv that the inverter circuit that comprises at above-mentioned electric power main circuit PM is driven based on this pulse width modulation control signal output.
In the above-described embodiment, in the arc period, when the higher limit Vta that is calculated by formula (4) is above, be restricted to higher limit at the short circuit a reference value Vt that calculates by formula (3).But in the prior art, producing erroneous judgement disconnected is after electric arc produces, and therefore can not stride across arc period set overall higher limit, also can only begin to capping value specified time limit from each arc period.
By above-mentioned embodiment, be short circuit a reference value in the arc period by the capping value, can prevent that therefore the erroneous judgement of short-circuit condition and electric arc generation state is disconnected.Therefore, can be suitable for during the short circuit respectively and the output of arc period control, therefore can access stable welded condition, can carry out high quality welding.
Claims (2)
1. the short circuit determination method of a consumable electrode arc welding, this consumable electrode arc welding is alternately repeatedly during the short circuit and arc period, and during becoming the short circuit a reference value and judge above-mentioned short circuit to get off by welding voltage value, above-mentioned short circuit a reference value is set at and the corresponding value of welding current, it is characterized in that
In above-mentioned arc period, higher limit is set at above-mentioned short circuit a reference value, stipulates that this higher limit is the function of welding current.
2. the short circuit determination method of consumable electrode arc welding according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Only from setting above-mentioned higher limit the zero hour to specified time limit of each arc period.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008040232 | 2008-02-21 | ||
| JP2008040232A JP2009195952A (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2008-02-21 | Method for discriminating short circuit in consumable electrode arc welding |
| JP2008-040232 | 2008-02-21 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101513689A true CN101513689A (en) | 2009-08-26 |
| CN101513689B CN101513689B (en) | 2014-01-08 |
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| CN200910007423.5A Active CN101513689B (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2009-02-13 | Short circuit determination method for electrode fused arc welding |
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| JP (1) | JP2009195952A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101513689B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102441722A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-05-09 | 株式会社大亨 | Arc welding method |
| CN102950364A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2013-03-06 | 株式会社大亨 | Welding power supply |
| CN103286420A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-11 | 唐山松下产业机器有限公司 | Electric arc welder and electric arc welding short-circuit determining method |
| CN109317786A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-02-12 | 唐山松下产业机器有限公司 | Short circuiting arc welding control method |
| CN109799429A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-05-24 | 唐山松下产业机器有限公司 | Arcing condition judgement method and device |
| CN111215727A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-06-02 | 唐山松下产业机器有限公司 | Method and device for detecting welding short circuit arcing |
| CN111299757A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-06-19 | 唐山松下产业机器有限公司 | Control method, device and system for pulse welding process |
Families Citing this family (1)
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| JP6054184B2 (en) * | 2013-01-21 | 2016-12-27 | 株式会社ダイヘン | Power supply device for arc welding and output voltage monitoring method for power supply device for arc welding |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102441722A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-05-09 | 株式会社大亨 | Arc welding method |
| CN102441722B (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2015-05-27 | 株式会社大亨 | Arc welding method |
| CN102950364A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2013-03-06 | 株式会社大亨 | Welding power supply |
| CN102950364B (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2016-03-02 | 株式会社大亨 | The source of welding current |
| CN103286420A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-11 | 唐山松下产业机器有限公司 | Electric arc welder and electric arc welding short-circuit determining method |
| CN103286420B (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2015-06-03 | 唐山松下产业机器有限公司 | Electric arc welder and electric arc welding short-circuit determining method |
| CN109317786A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-02-12 | 唐山松下产业机器有限公司 | Short circuiting arc welding control method |
| CN109799429A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-05-24 | 唐山松下产业机器有限公司 | Arcing condition judgement method and device |
| CN109799429B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-12-15 | 唐山松下产业机器有限公司 | Arcing state determination method and device |
| CN111215727A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-06-02 | 唐山松下产业机器有限公司 | Method and device for detecting welding short circuit arcing |
| CN111215727B (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2022-05-13 | 唐山松下产业机器有限公司 | Method and device for detecting welding short circuit arcing |
| CN111299757A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-06-19 | 唐山松下产业机器有限公司 | Control method, device and system for pulse welding process |
| CN111299757B (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-11-09 | 唐山松下产业机器有限公司 | Control method, device and system for pulse welding process |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2009195952A (en) | 2009-09-03 |
| CN101513689B (en) | 2014-01-08 |
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