CN101512304B - 流体界面水平面的计算方法 - Google Patents

流体界面水平面的计算方法 Download PDF

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CN101512304B
CN101512304B CN200780032342XA CN200780032342A CN101512304B CN 101512304 B CN101512304 B CN 101512304B CN 200780032342X A CN200780032342X A CN 200780032342XA CN 200780032342 A CN200780032342 A CN 200780032342A CN 101512304 B CN101512304 B CN 101512304B
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R·阿施姆
T·斯泰特
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/24Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid
    • G01F23/241Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid for discrete levels
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/80Arrangements for signal processing
    • G01F23/802Particular electronic circuits for digital processing equipment
    • G01F23/804Particular electronic circuits for digital processing equipment containing circuits handling parameters other than liquid level
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/26Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
    • G01F23/263Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
    • G01F23/265Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors for discrete levels
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284Electromagnetic waves
    • G01F23/288X-rays; Gamma rays or other forms of ionising radiation
    • G01F23/2885X-rays; Gamma rays or other forms of ionising radiation for discrete levels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种用于结合基于分段的边界层仪表的使用来计算流体之间的边界层水平面、尤其是油与水之间的边界层水平面的方法。该计算是基于来自多个分段n的测量信号的使用,并如下计算水的边界层水平面L:L=[(ρ-ρo)/(ρvo)]*(Lu-Ll)+Ll,其中:Lu为上部水范围区域(*),Ll,为下部水范围区域(*),ρn为来自轮廓仪的第n个分段的密度,
Figure D200780032342XA00011
为第n个分段的修正密度,ρ为计算的平均密度,ρv为来自轮廓仪的水的平均密度,ρo为来自轮廓仪的油的平均密度,N为所包括的分段的总数。

Description

流体界面水平面的计算方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于结合基于分段的边界层仪表来计算流体之间的边界层水平面、尤其是油与水之间的边界层水平面的方法。
背景技术
在许多不同的情况下,例如,在油和气体的处理系统或生产设备的分离器中,水是不想要的成分,可能期望确定分离器中的各种流体(油、水和气体)的水平面。此类测量的目的是例如控制分离器中的水平面。为了实现良好的水平面控制,水平面测量必须是“稳健”且一致。然而,对于分离器中的水位的水平面测量,可能会由于乳状液而具有挑战性。
结合流体的水平面的测量,可以使用所谓的轮廓仪,该轮廓仪被设计为检测多种相(每种流体或流体的混合物)之间的边界。轮廓仪由相互上/下地垂直布置成行的多个分段组成。每个分段被设计为检测与要检测的流体有关的状态或特性,并向记录/计算单元发送信号。此类仪表可以是基于例如电感式测量、电容式测量或放射源。
对于大多数现有轮廓仪,难以检测各个流体或流体混合物的密度变化,这意味着该测量可能包括大量的“干扰”。此外,测量不是非常连续的,因为用于现有技术解决方案的标准算法为了借助于线性内插进行水平面计算,而基于来自2个分段的记录的使用来选择用于相变化的“正确”分段。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种用于基于来自几个分段的信号的使用而计算流体中不同相之间的水平面或边界层的方法,由此产生随时间更可靠、更一致的计算。
本发明的特征在于随附独立权利要求1中所指定的特征。
从属权利要求2-3限定本发明的有利特征。
附图说明
下面将借助于示例并参照附图来更详细地描述本发明,其中:
图1示出了用于依照本发明的方法的150分段轮廓仪的简图。
图2示出了来自这种150分段轮廓仪的测量结果的条线图形式的打印输出。
具体实施方式
如上所述,水平面控制要求具有最小噪声的稳健、连续的测量。这可以使用来自轮廓仪中的多个分段的测量信号来实现。图1示出了用于依照本发明的方法的轮廓仪1。本示例中的轮廓仪1用150个分段2的“分辨率”沿垂直方向测量用于气体、油和水的分离器中的密度分布图,即轮廓仪是基于相互上/下布置的150个分段的使用。
选择了相关区域中这些分段的选用,例如用于水位。图2示出了来自用于油、水和气体的分离器中布置的这种150分段轮廓仪的测量结果的条线图形式的打印输出,并示出了用于选择分段(显示为阴影区域)作为计算基础的原理。所选区域为从任何砂(sand)层之上的底部到略高于到出油口的溢位。还在图2中示出了平均密度的值。该图示出了水具有约为1040kg/m3的平均密度且油具有约为900kg/m3的密度。这些值被用于油与水边界水平面的计算中的校准。该水平面通过计算油和水的比例来计算。该水平面正好在这些体积之间,无论油和水是分离的还是乳状液的形式。如果油相和水相之间存在乳状液,则该水平面被计算为乳状液的中心。
为了计算准确,可能存在不超过两种成分:油和水(或这些成分的混合物:乳状液)。这意味着如果气体记录在最高分段和/或砂记录在最低分段,则无法实现准确的测量。这个问题可以通过限定分段的密度的“法定”值来避免。例如,可以进行下列设置:
如果密度<油(即,气体)→则密度=油的密度;
如果密度>水(即,砂)→则密度=水的密度。
则“对气体和砂进行修正的”密度为:
ρ ^ n = max ( min ( ρ n ; ρ v ) ; ρ o ) - - - ( 1 )
如下计算平均密度:
ρ ‾ = 1 N Σ n = 1 N ρ ^ n - - - ( 2 )
如下计算边界层水平面:
L = ρ ‾ - ρ o ρ v - ρ o ( L u - L l ) + L l - - - ( 3 )
其中:
L计算的水位
Lu上部水范围区域()
Ll下部水范围区域()
ρn来自轮廓仪的第n个分段的密度
Figure G200780032342XD00034
第n个分段的修正密度
ρ计算的平均密度
ρv来自轮廓仪的水的平均密度
ρo来自轮廓仪的油的平均密度
N所包括的分段的总数。
依照本发明的方法可以很容易在适当的计算机程序中实现并适合于用于每种个别测量情况下的相关分段轮廓仪的记录设备。如果相关分段的值可用或能使其可用,则该实现也可以很容易直接在自动化系统中进行。
):(这些范围在轮廓仪上的分段内定义。)

Claims (2)

1.一种用于结合基于分段的边界层仪表的使用来计算流体之间的边界层水平面的方法,其特征在于:
该计算是基于来自多个分段n的测量信号的使用,并如下计算水的边界层水平面L:
L = ρ ‾ - ρ o ρ v - ρ o ( L u - L l ) + L l
其中:
Lu上部水范围区域(*)
Ll下部水范围区域(*)
Figure FSB00000714169300012
计算的平均密度
ρv来自轮廓仪的水的平均密度
ρo来自轮廓仪的油的平均密度,
其中,(*)表示范围是在轮廓仪上的分段内定义的,
以及,由下式给出“对气体和砂进行修正的”密度:
ρ ^ n = max ( min ( ρ n ; ρ v ) ; ρ o ) ,
其中,ρn来自轮廓仪的第n个分段的密度,
Figure FSB00000714169300014
第n个分段的修正密度,
以及,由下式给出平均密度:
ρ ‾ = 1 N Σ n = 1 N ρ ^ n ,
其中,N所包括的分段的总数。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述流体之间的边界层水平面是油与水之间的边界层水平面。
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CN102889914B (zh) * 2012-10-26 2014-05-21 浙江大学 采用基准水位的浮子式水位计及提高精度和可靠性的方法
US9274247B1 (en) * 2014-05-28 2016-03-01 Ronan Engineering Company High resolution density measurement profiler using silicon photomultiplier sensors
US10030498B2 (en) * 2014-12-23 2018-07-24 Fccl Partnership Method and system for adjusting the position of an oil-water interface layer
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CA2661081C (en) 2019-01-15
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