CN101509656B - Supercritical DC furnace synthesis type coordinating control method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种超临界直流炉综合型协调控制方法，其包括以下步骤：1)进行传统协调控制系统的逻辑组态，在传统协调控制系统的锅炉主控回路中加入实际负荷设定值的微分信号，并为增量式状态观测器、惯性抑制器和热值观测器预留出接口；2)进行增量式状态观测器的逻辑组态，并将其输出引入到传统协调控制系统中作为燃烧率控制的前馈信号；3)进行惯性抑制器的逻辑组态，并将其输出引入到传统协调控制系统中作为燃烧率控制的前馈信号；4)进行给水增量式状态观测器的逻辑组态，并将其输出引入到传统协调控制系统中作为给水控制的前馈信号；5)在传统协调控制系统的热值计算回路中引入一热值观测器，校正进入锅炉的煤量的发热量信号。本发明在对于超临界直流炉的控制中取得了很好的控制效果。
The invention relates to a comprehensive coordinated control method for a supercritical once-through furnace, which includes the following steps: 1) performing logical configuration of a traditional coordinated control system, and adding the actual load setting value into the boiler main control circuit of the traditional coordinated control system Differentiate the signal, and reserve an interface for the incremental state observer, inertial suppressor and calorific value observer; 2) carry out the logic configuration of the incremental state observer, and introduce its output into the traditional coordinated control system As a feed-forward signal for firing rate control; 3) Carry out the logic configuration of the inertial suppressor, and introduce its output into the traditional coordinated control system as a feed-forward signal for firing rate control; 4) Carry out the feedwater incremental state observer 5) Introduce a calorific value observer in the calorific value calculation loop of the traditional coordinated control system to correct the amount of coal entering the boiler heat signal. The invention achieves a good control effect in the control of the supercritical DC furnace.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种热工自动控制方法，特别是关于一种超临界直流炉综合型协调控制方法。The invention relates to a thermal automatic control method, in particular to a comprehensive coordinated control method for a supercritical DC furnace.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国电力事业的不断发展，单元火力发电机组的发电容量也有了很大的提高。当前单元火力发电机组已由原来的300MW亚临界汽包炉向600MW超临界直流炉、1000MW超超临界直流炉转变。但是，对于超临界直流炉的控制在我国热工自动控制领域还是一个比较新的研究领域，而且由于超临界直流炉没有汽包，超临界机组工质流和能量流相互耦合，从而在各个控制回路，如给水、汽温及负荷控制回路之间存在着很强的非线性耦合。这对于超临界直流炉的控制方法也提出了更高的要求。With the continuous development of my country's electric power industry, the generating capacity of unit thermal power generating units has also been greatly improved. The current unit thermal power generation unit has changed from the original 300MW subcritical steam drum furnace to the 600MW supercritical DC furnace and 1000MW ultra-supercritical DC furnace. However, the control of the supercritical DC furnace is still a relatively new research field in the field of thermal automatic control in my country, and because the supercritical DC furnace has no steam drum, the working medium flow and energy flow of the supercritical unit are coupled with each other, so that in each control Loops, such as feed water, steam temperature, and load control loops, have strong nonlinear couplings. This also puts forward higher requirements for the control method of the supercritical DC furnace.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述问题，本发明的目的是提出一种超临界直流炉综合型协调控制方法，使得超临界直流炉机组高效参与电网负荷调度，并使超临界直流炉机组在调度周期内能够及时准确地适应负荷大幅度的变动。In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a comprehensive coordinated control method for supercritical DC furnaces, so that the supercritical DC furnace units can efficiently participate in power grid load scheduling, and enable the supercritical DC furnace units to adapt timely and accurately within the scheduling period. Large fluctuations in load.
为实现上述目的，本发明采取以下技术方案：一种超临界直流炉综合型协调控制方法，其包括以下步骤：1)进行传统协调控制系统的逻辑组态，在传统协调控制系统的锅炉主控回路中加入实际负荷设定值的微分信号，并为增量式状态观测器、惯性抑制器和热值观测器预留出接口；2)进行增量式状态观测器的逻辑组态，并将其输出引入到传统协调控制系统中作为燃烧率控制的前馈信号；3)进行惯性抑制器的逻辑组态，并将其输出引入到传统协调控制系统中作为燃烧率控制的前馈信号；4)进行给水增量式状态观测器的逻辑组态，并将其输出引入到传统协调控制系统中作为给水控制的前馈信号；5)在传统协调控制系统的热值计算回路中引入一热值观测器，校正进入锅炉的煤量的发热量信号。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a supercritical once-through boiler comprehensive coordinated control method, which includes the following steps: 1) carrying out the logic configuration of the traditional coordinated control system, and the boiler master control system of the traditional coordinated control system Add the differential signal of the actual load setting value to the loop, and reserve the outbound interface for the incremental state observer, inertia suppressor and calorific value observer; 2) carry out the logic configuration of the incremental state observer, and set Its output is introduced into the traditional coordinated control system as the feed-forward signal of the combustion rate control; 3) The logic configuration of the inertial suppressor is carried out, and its output is introduced into the traditional coordinated control system as the feed-forward signal of the combustion rate control; 4 ) Carry out the logic configuration of the feedwater incremental state observer, and introduce its output into the traditional coordinated control system as the feedforward signal of feedwater control; 5) Introduce a calorific value into the calorific value calculation loop of the traditional coordinated control system Observer, which corrects the calorific value signal for the amount of coal entering the boiler.
在进行步骤2)时，包括以下两个方面的内容：①利用概率统计方法，根据长期运行中负荷和煤量实际对应关系求出的数学期望值，整定不同负荷下负荷和煤量的函数关系，从而对所述增量型状态观测器的参数进行整定，找出不同工况下负荷与煤量之间的关系曲线；②根据增量式状态观测器的设计概念，将所述负荷与煤量之间的关系曲线作为参考信号引入所述增量式状态观测器，经过所述增量型状态观测器中的算法计算后得出状态反馈值，然后将所述状态反馈值作为前馈信号引入所述传统协调控制系统的锅炉主控制回路中，对单元机组各种负荷下对应的煤量进行超前定位，增强锅炉的响应速度。When carrying out step 2), it includes the following two aspects: 1. use the probability statistics method to determine the functional relationship between the load and the coal quantity under different loads according to the mathematical expectation value obtained from the actual corresponding relationship between the load and the coal quantity in long-term operation, Thereby, the parameters of the incremental state observer are adjusted to find out the relationship curve between the load and the amount of coal under different working conditions; ② according to the design concept of the incremental state observer, the load and the amount of coal are The relationship curve between is introduced into the incremental state observer as a reference signal, and the state feedback value is obtained after calculation by the algorithm in the incremental state observer, and then the state feedback value is introduced as a feedforward signal In the boiler main control loop of the traditional coordinated control system, the corresponding coal quantity under various loads of the unit units is positioned in advance to enhance the response speed of the boiler.
在进行步骤3)时，包括以下三个方面的内容：①当升降负荷的逻辑信号置位时，在所述锅炉主控回路中加入一正踢控制回路，所述正踢控制回路给出一个额外增减煤量的前馈指令到所述锅炉主控回路，用以改善锅炉控制的响应性，经若干时间该指令消失；②当升降负荷的逻辑信号复位时，在所述锅炉主控回路中加入一反踢控制回路，所述反踢控制回路给出一个额外增减煤量的前馈指令到所述锅炉主控回路，用以防止锅炉汽压的过调，经若干时间该指令消失；③在所述锅炉主控回路中加入一加速控制回路，所述加速控制回路根据当前的负荷偏差经函数发生器计算输出一个额外增减煤量的前馈指令给所述锅炉主控回路，令其再额外地增加或减少一部分煤量。When step 3) is carried out, the following three aspects are included: 1. When the logic signal of lifting load is set, a positive kick control loop is added in the main control loop of the boiler, and the positive kick control loop provides a The additional feed-forward command for increasing or decreasing the amount of coal is sent to the main control circuit of the boiler to improve the responsiveness of the boiler control, and the command disappears after a certain period of time; A kickback control loop is added to the boiler, and the kickback control loop gives an additional feed-forward command for increasing or decreasing the amount of coal to the main control loop of the boiler to prevent over-regulation of the steam pressure of the boiler. After a certain period of time, the command disappears ; 3. add an acceleration control loop in the main control loop of the boiler, and the acceleration control loop calculates and outputs an additional feed-forward instruction for increasing or decreasing the amount of coal to the main control loop of the boiler according to the current load deviation through the function generator, Make it additionally increase or decrease a part of the coal amount.
在进行步骤3)时，包括以下三个方面的内容：①当升降负荷的逻辑信号置位时，在所述锅炉主控回路中加入一正踢控制回路，所述正踢控制回路给出一个额外增减煤量的前馈指令到所述锅炉主控回路，用以改善锅炉控制的响应性，经若干时间该指令消失；②当升降负荷的逻辑信号复位时，在所述锅炉主控回路中加入一反踢控制回路，所述反踢控制回路给出一个额外增减煤量的前馈指令到所述锅炉主控回路，用以防止锅炉汽压的过调，经若干时间该指令消失；③在所述锅炉主控回路中加入一加速控制回路，所述加速控制回路根据当前的负荷偏差经函数发生器计算输出一个额外增减煤量的前馈指令给所述锅炉主控回路，令其再额外地增加或减少一部分煤量。When step 3) is carried out, the following three aspects are included: 1. When the logic signal of lifting load is set, a positive kick control loop is added in the main control loop of the boiler, and the positive kick control loop provides a The additional feed-forward command for increasing or decreasing the amount of coal is sent to the main control circuit of the boiler to improve the responsiveness of the boiler control, and the command disappears after a certain period of time; A kickback control loop is added to the boiler, and the kickback control loop gives an additional feed-forward command for increasing or decreasing the amount of coal to the main control loop of the boiler to prevent over-regulation of the steam pressure of the boiler. After a certain period of time, the command disappears ; 3. add an acceleration control loop in the main control loop of the boiler, and the acceleration control loop calculates and outputs an additional feed-forward instruction for increasing or decreasing the amount of coal to the main control loop of the boiler according to the current load deviation through the function generator, Make it additionally increase or decrease a part of the coal amount.
在进行步骤4)时，包括以下两个方面的内容：①所述给水增量式状态观测器的输入变量包括给水流量、负荷指令、分离器出口压力和温度，输出是增量式状态反馈去改变给水控制指令，把给水流量和由负荷指令计算出的给水流量设定值的偏差通过多个惯性环节模仿实际锅炉进水加热的过程，惯性环节的最终输出和分离器出口蒸汽的焓值与负荷指令计算出的焓值设定值的偏差进行比较，其偏差修正惯性环节，最终使惯性环节后的给水流量偏差与分离器出口焓值偏差相等；②取各个惯性环节中的中间状态变量作为所述给水增量式状态观测器的反馈，修正给水控制指令。When performing step 4), it includes the following two aspects: 1. the input variables of the feedwater incremental state observer include feedwater flow, load command, separator outlet pressure and temperature, and the output is incremental state feedback to Change the feed water control command, and the deviation between the feed water flow and the set value of the feed water flow calculated by the load command is simulated through multiple inertia links to simulate the actual heating process of the boiler inlet water. The final output of the inertia link and the enthalpy value of the separator outlet steam The deviation of the enthalpy value set value calculated by the load command is compared, and the deviation is corrected for the inertial link, so that the deviation of the feed water flow after the inertial link is equal to the deviation of the enthalpy value of the separator outlet; ② Take the intermediate state variables in each inertial link as Feedback from the feedwater incremental state observer is used to correct the feedwater control command.
本发明由于采取以上技术方案，其具有以下优点：1、本发明在传统协调控制系统中增加了增量式状态观测器作为燃烧率控制的前馈，以便预测汽压的变化趋势，修正锅炉主控回路的输出，从而有效克服锅炉主控回路PID调节器的输出特性和锅炉惯性所引起的汽压过调或振荡的现象，对超临界直流炉汽压的稳定起到关键性的作用。2、本发明在传统协调控制系统中增加了具有正踢、反踢和加速器功能的惯性抑制器作为燃烧率控制的前馈，最大限度地降低锅炉迟滞和惯性对升降负荷的影响，提高了机组变负荷的动态响应能力。3、本发明在传统协调控制系统中增加了给水增量式状态观测器作为给水控制的前馈，可以很好的改善超临界直流炉分离器出口蒸汽的控制效果，保证机组的安全稳定运行。4、本发明在传统协调控制系统的热值计算回路中引入一已有技术中的热值观测器，可以很好的检测燃煤的热值，实时修正进入锅炉的燃煤量，对于超临界直流炉可以很好的保证燃料和给水的配合，使机组不发生超温或低温的情况，改善机组的控制稳定性。综上所述，本发明在超临界直流炉的协调控制和给水控制中充分考虑了超临界机组的特性，把超临界直流炉的协调控制和给水控制有机的结合起来，并在各个控制中增加增量式状态观测器、惯性抑制器和热值观测器等先进的控制算法，是一个综合型协调控制方法。本发明在对于超临界直流炉的控制中取得了很好的控制效果。Because the present invention adopts the above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1. The present invention adds an incremental state observer as the feedforward of combustion rate control in the traditional coordinated control system, so as to predict the variation trend of steam pressure and correct the boiler main The output of the control loop, so as to effectively overcome the output characteristics of the boiler main control loop PID regulator and the phenomenon of steam pressure overshoot or oscillation caused by the inertia of the boiler, which plays a key role in the stability of the steam pressure of the supercritical once-through boiler. 2. In the traditional coordinated control system, the present invention adds an inertia suppressor with the functions of forward kick, reverse kick and accelerator as the feedforward of combustion rate control, which minimizes the influence of boiler hysteresis and inertia on the lifting load, and improves the efficiency of the unit. Dynamic response to variable loads. 3. In the traditional coordinated control system, the present invention adds a feedwater incremental state observer as the feedforward control of feedwater, which can improve the control effect of the outlet steam of the supercritical once-through furnace separator and ensure the safe and stable operation of the unit. 4. The present invention introduces a calorific value observer in the prior art into the calorific value calculation loop of the traditional coordinated control system, which can detect the calorific value of coal well and correct the amount of coal fired into the boiler in real time. For supercritical The once-through furnace can well ensure the coordination of fuel and water supply, so that the unit does not experience over-temperature or low-temperature conditions, and improves the control stability of the unit. In summary, the present invention fully considers the characteristics of the supercritical units in the coordinated control and feedwater control of the supercritical once-through furnace, organically combines the coordinated control of the supercritical once-through furnace and the feedwater control, and adds Advanced control algorithms such as incremental state observer, inertial suppressor and calorific value observer are a comprehensive coordinated control method. The invention achieves a good control effect in the control of the supercritical DC furnace.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的整体控制方案逻辑图Fig. 1 is the overall control scheme logic diagram of the present invention
图2是本发明的给水增量式状态观测器逻辑图Fig. 2 is the logic diagram of the water supply incremental state observer of the present invention
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进行详细的描述。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
如图1所示，本发明的基本思路是：在传统协调控制系统中增加了增量式状态观测器和惯性抑制器作为燃烧率控制的前馈，并增加了给水增量式状态观测器作为给水控制的前馈，用于改善给水控制的动态效果。而对于超临界直流炉，由于一定的热量要对应一定的水，因此在传统协调控制系统的热值计算回路中增加了热值观测器，该观测器实时修正燃煤的热量信号。As shown in Figure 1, the basic idea of the present invention is: in the traditional coordinated control system, an incremental state observer and an inertial suppressor are added as the feedforward of the combustion rate control, and an incremental state observer of the water supply is added as Feedforward of feedwater control, used to improve the dynamic effect of feedwater control. For the supercritical DC furnace, since a certain amount of heat needs to correspond to a certain amount of water, a calorific value observer is added to the calorific value calculation loop of the traditional coordinated control system, and the observer corrects the heat signal of coal combustion in real time.
基于以上基本思路，本发明的方法包括以下步骤：Based on above basic idea, method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1、进行传统协调控制系统的逻辑组态，在传统协调控制系统的锅炉主控回路(M/A)中加入实际负荷设定值的微分信号，并为增量式状态观测器、惯性抑制器和热值观测器预留出接口。在单元机组升降负荷的动态过程中，进炉的煤量设定值是随负荷变化的，则实际进炉的煤量要比煤量设定值变化得快才行。因此，本发明在锅炉主控回路中加入实际负荷设定值的微分信号，经锅炉主控PI调节器的作用形成BM指令信号，再经交叉限制运算得到的实际煤量设定值指令信号，这样就比送入增量式状态观测器的煤量设定值要大(对升负荷而言)。1. Carry out the logical configuration of the traditional coordinated control system, add the differential signal of the actual load set value to the boiler main control circuit (M/A) of the traditional coordinated control system, and provide an incremental state observer and an inertial inhibitor Reserve an interface with the calorific value observer. In the dynamic process of the unit unit unit lifting and lowering the load, the set value of the amount of coal fed into the furnace changes with the load, so the actual amount of coal fed into the furnace must change faster than the set value of the coal amount. Therefore, the present invention adds the differential signal of the actual load setting value to the main control circuit of the boiler, forms the BM instruction signal through the action of the boiler main control PI regulator, and then obtains the actual coal amount setting value instruction signal through the cross-limit operation, In this way, it is larger than the coal amount setting value sent to the incremental state observer (for the load increase).
2、进行增量式状态观测器的逻辑组态，并将其输出引入到传统协调控制系统中作为燃烧率控制的前馈，具体包括以下两个方面的内容：2. Carry out the logic configuration of the incremental state observer, and introduce its output into the traditional coordinated control system as the feedforward of the combustion rate control, specifically including the following two aspects:
1)利用概率统计方法，根据长期运行中负荷和煤量实际对应关系求出的数学期望值，整定不同负荷下负荷和煤量的函数关系，从而对增量型状态观测器的参数进行整定，找出不同工况下负荷与煤量之间的关系曲线。尽管煤的发热量是一个随机变量，但通过大量实时数据并按照概率分布所求取的函数关系曲线，其所代表的是负荷与煤量之间最好的数学期望值，该信号在变负荷过程中具有重要作用。1) Using the method of probability and statistics, according to the mathematical expectation value obtained from the actual corresponding relationship between load and coal volume in long-term operation, the functional relationship between load and coal volume under different loads is adjusted, so as to adjust the parameters of the incremental state observer and find out The relationship curve between load and coal quantity under different working conditions is drawn. Although the calorific value of coal is a random variable, the function relationship curve obtained through a large amount of real-time data and according to the probability distribution represents the best mathematical expectation between the load and the amount of coal. plays an important role in.
2)根据增量式状态观测器的设计概念，将负荷与煤量之间的关系曲线作为参考信号引入增量式状态观测器，经过增量型状态观测器中的算法计算后得出状态反馈值，然后将该状态反馈值作为前馈信号引入传统协调控制系统的锅炉主控制回路中，对单元机组各种负荷下对应的煤量进行超前定位，增强锅炉的响应速度。由于在锅炉主控回路中加入了基于增量式状态观测器的状态反馈控制，以便预测汽压的变化趋势，修正锅炉主控回路的输出，从而有效克服锅炉主控回路PID调节器的输出特性和锅炉惯性所引起的汽压过调或振荡的现象，对超临界直流炉汽压的稳定起到关键性的作用。2) According to the design concept of the incremental state observer, the relationship curve between load and coal volume is introduced into the incremental state observer as a reference signal, and the state feedback is obtained after the algorithm calculation in the incremental state observer Then the state feedback value is introduced into the boiler main control loop of the traditional coordinated control system as a feedforward signal, and the corresponding coal amount under various loads of the unit unit is positioned in advance to enhance the response speed of the boiler. Since the state feedback control based on the incremental state observer is added to the main control loop of the boiler, in order to predict the change trend of the steam pressure and correct the output of the main control loop of the boiler, the output characteristics of the PID regulator of the main control loop of the boiler can be effectively overcome. The steam pressure over-regulation or oscillation caused by boiler inertia plays a key role in the stability of the steam pressure of the supercritical once-through furnace.
3、进行惯性抑制器的逻辑组态，并将其输出引入到传统协调控制系统中作为燃烧率控制的前馈。惯性抑制器的作用是最大限度地降低锅炉迟滞和惯性对升降负荷的影响，其包括以下三个方面的内容：3. Carry out the logic configuration of the inertia suppressor, and introduce its output into the traditional coordinated control system as the feedforward of the combustion rate control. The function of the inertia suppressor is to minimize the influence of boiler hysteresis and inertia on the lifting load, which includes the following three aspects:
1)当升降负荷的逻辑信号置位时，在锅炉主控回路中加入一已有技术中的正踢控制回路，该正踢控制回路给出一个额外的加(减)煤量的前馈指令到锅炉主控回路，用以改善锅炉控制的响应性，经若干时间该信号消失。1) When the logic signal for lifting the load is set, add a positive kick control loop in the prior art to the main control loop of the boiler, and the forward kick control loop gives an additional feed-forward command for adding (decreasing) the amount of coal To the main control circuit of the boiler to improve the responsiveness of the boiler control, the signal disappears after a certain period of time.
2)当升降负荷的逻辑信号复位时，此时要求升降负荷的过程已结束，但由于锅炉迟滞的作用，此时进入锅炉的煤量将在随后的过程中产生过量的影响。因此，在锅炉主控回路中加入一已有技术中的反踢控制回路，该反踢控制回路给出一个额外的加(减)煤量的前馈指令到锅炉主控回路，用以防止锅炉汽压的过调，经若干时间该信号消失。2) When the logic signal of lifting load is reset, the process of requiring load lifting is over at this time, but due to the hysteresis of the boiler, the amount of coal entering the boiler at this time will have an excessive impact in the subsequent process. Therefore, a kickback control loop in the prior art is added to the main control loop of the boiler, and the kickback control loop provides an additional feed-forward command for adding (subtracting) the amount of coal to the main control loop of the boiler to prevent the boiler from Over-regulation of steam pressure, the signal disappears after a certain period of time.
3)由于锅炉调节存在延迟和惯性，因此在锅炉主控回路中加入一加速控制回路。加速控制回路由负荷指令设定值与实际负荷的差值信号经一函数发生器而形成，是一非线性比例调节器。在负荷指令设定值与实际负荷的差值信号较大时，说明锅炉跟不上汽机的变化，加速控制回路根据当前的负荷偏差经函数发生器计算输出一个额外的加(减)煤量的前馈指令给锅炉主控回路，令其再额外地增加或减少一部分煤量，起“加速器”的作用。3) Due to the delay and inertia in boiler regulation, an acceleration control loop is added to the main control loop of the boiler. The acceleration control loop is formed by the difference signal between the set value of the load command and the actual load through a function generator, which is a non-linear proportional regulator. When the difference signal between the set value of the load command and the actual load is large, it means that the boiler cannot keep up with the change of the steam turbine, and the acceleration control loop calculates and outputs an additional addition (subtraction) of coal according to the current load deviation through the function generator. The feed-forward command is given to the main control circuit of the boiler, so that it can additionally increase or decrease a part of the coal volume, which acts as an "accelerator".
4、进行给水增量式状态观测器的逻辑组态，并将其输出引入到传统协调控制系统中作为给水控制的前馈信号。在超临界直流炉的运行中，分离器出口的蒸汽品质是非常重要的，给水控制的好坏直接影响着机组的安全性。因此，本发明在传统协调控制系统中增加了给水增量式状态观测器作为给水控制的前馈，具体包括以下两个方面的内容：4. Carry out the logic configuration of the water supply incremental state observer, and introduce its output into the traditional coordinated control system as the feedforward signal of the water supply control. In the operation of the supercritical once-through furnace, the quality of the steam at the outlet of the separator is very important, and the quality of the feed water control directly affects the safety of the unit. Therefore, in the traditional coordinated control system, the present invention adds a water supply incremental state observer as a feedforward for water supply control, specifically including the following two aspects:
1)如图2所示，给水增量式状态观测器的输入变量包括给水流量、负荷指令、分离器出口压力和温度，输出是增量式状态反馈去改变给水控制指令，把给水流量和由负荷指令计算出的给水流量设定值的偏差通过多个惯性环节模仿实际锅炉进水加热的过程，惯性环节的最终输出和分离器出口蒸汽的焓值与负荷指令计算出的焓值设定值的偏差进行比较，其偏差修正惯性环节，最终使惯性环节后的给水流量偏差与分离器出口焓值偏差相等。1) As shown in Figure 2, the input variables of the feed water incremental state observer include feed water flow, load command, separator outlet pressure and temperature, and the output is incremental state feedback to change the feed water control command. The deviation of the feed water flow set value calculated by the load command simulates the actual boiler water heating process through multiple inertial links, and the final output of the inertial link and the enthalpy value of the steam at the outlet of the separator and the enthalpy set value calculated by the load command Compared with the deviation, the deviation corrects the inertia link, and finally makes the feed water flow deviation after the inertia link equal to the separator outlet enthalpy deviation.
2)取各个惯性环节中的中间状态变量作为给水增量式状态观测器的反馈，修正给水控制指令。2) Take the intermediate state variables in each inertia link as the feedback of the water supply incremental state observer, and correct the water supply control command.
5、在传统协调控制系统的热值计算回路中引入一已有技术中的热值观测器，校正进入锅炉主控回路的煤量的发热量信号。由于在超临界直流炉中给水和煤量的配比是非常重要的，如果给水较小则锅炉的主蒸汽温度就可能很高，这严重影响了单元机组的安全运行；同样如果煤质变差时，给水就就会相对变多这会造成主蒸汽温度较低，这也影响了单元机组的安全运行。因此，本发明在传统协调控制系统的热值计算回路中引入已有技术中的热值观测器，使得给水控制能够很好的保证锅炉热量和给水的配合，让进入锅炉的总燃料量能真正的代表它所含有的热量，这对于超临界直流炉的给水控制是非常有意义的。5. A calorific value observer in the prior art is introduced into the calorific value calculation circuit of the traditional coordinated control system to correct the calorific value signal of the coal quantity entering the main control circuit of the boiler. Since the ratio of feed water and coal is very important in a supercritical once-through furnace, if the feed water is small, the main steam temperature of the boiler may be high, which seriously affects the safe operation of the unit unit; also if the coal quality deteriorates When the temperature is high, the feed water will increase relatively, which will cause the main steam temperature to be low, which also affects the safe operation of the unit unit. Therefore, the present invention introduces the calorific value observer in the prior art into the calorific value calculation circuit of the traditional coordinated control system, so that the feed water control can well ensure the cooperation of boiler heat and feed water, so that the total amount of fuel entering the boiler can be truly represents the heat it contains, which is very meaningful for the feed water control of the supercritical once-through furnace.
综上所述，本发明在超临界直流炉的协调控制和给水控制中充分考虑了超临界机组的特性，把超临界直流炉的协调控制和给水控制有机的结合起来，并在各个控制中增加增量式状态观测器、惯性抑制器和热值观测器等先进的控制算法，是一个综合型协调控制方法。本发明在对于超临界直流炉的控制中取得了很好的控制效果。In summary, the present invention fully considers the characteristics of the supercritical units in the coordinated control and feedwater control of the supercritical once-through furnace, organically combines the coordinated control of the supercritical once-through furnace and the feedwater control, and adds Advanced control algorithms such as incremental state observer, inertial suppressor and calorific value observer are a comprehensive coordinated control method. The invention achieves a good control effect in the control of the supercritical DC furnace.
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