CN101508545B - 一种装饰薄面板和制造方法 - Google Patents
一种装饰薄面板和制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101508545B CN101508545B CN2009100966514A CN200910096651A CN101508545B CN 101508545 B CN101508545 B CN 101508545B CN 2009100966514 A CN2009100966514 A CN 2009100966514A CN 200910096651 A CN200910096651 A CN 200910096651A CN 101508545 B CN101508545 B CN 101508545B
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- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000126 Latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound 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[Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种装饰薄面板，它为以无机水泥为主要材料、厚度为2mm-10mm的浇注板，并混合有水乳型树脂、短纤维和闭孔型的珍珠岩粉及玻璃纤维网格布。本发明还提供了一种上述装饰薄面板的制造方法，它采用以下步骤：提供无机水泥、短纤维和闭孔型的珍珠岩粉、及水乳型树脂，及加水及复合助剂混合成流体混合料；将湿料注入模具成形，加热干燥和养护，制成薄面板。本发明还提供了一种制造保温装饰一体板的方法，将上述薄面板与保温材料板粘接成复合板，对薄面板的表面进行装饰处理或不进行装饰处理，制成保温装饰一体板。本发明所提供的方法工艺简单，制造成本低，而且可以轻易地制造各种装饰效果的表面形状和色彩，满足人们的各种审美要求。
Description
一种装饰薄面板和制造方法
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种用在建筑节能领域墙体保温装饰复合板表面的装饰薄面板的制造。
背景技术
[0002] 目前在建筑领域内已出现直接用预制的复合板材作为外墙保温装饰材料，这些板材的保温层具有保温性能，另一层（另一表面）设置装饰面板层，该装饰面板层为高压压制的装饰板，如TRF，该板强度较好，平滑度不够，需通过多道工序进行打磨其表面方能进行涂料装饰，因此，整体复合板材的制造成本较高，由于装饰面板层高压生产，也难以用流水线连续生产。
发明内容
[0003] 本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种制造成本低的装饰薄面板。为此，本发明采用以下技术方案：它为以无机水泥为主要材料、厚度为2mm-10mm的浇注板，并混合有水乳型树脂、短纤维和闭孔型的珍珠岩粉及玻璃纤维网格布，在制备时，水乳型树脂与无机水泥的质量比为1 ： 5〜15，短纤维与无机水泥的质量比为1 ： 50〜200，闭孔型的珍珠岩粉与无机水泥的质量比为1 ： 5〜15，在靠近所述薄板的上下表面处设有耐碱的玻璃纤维网格布。
[0004] 一般来说，常见的水泥板均为内设钢筋的具有一定厚度的板材，其自身具有相当的强度和刚度，除了支撑自身重量，还往往被用来作为承重板，但其表面粗糙吸湿性大，无加强材料的薄型水泥板则由于其抗折性太差，无应用价值。而本发明的技术方案，是以无机水泥作为主要胶凝材料及主要填充材料之一，并配合以水乳型树脂、短纤维和闭孔型的珍珠岩粉及玻璃纤维网格布，从而能够以低廉原料和低成本连续流水线制造工艺路线制造， 由该改性材料制成薄板强度虽没有普通水泥板高，但却足够作为依附在基板上做为面板之用，与普通水泥板不同的是，它在制成时表面光滑、致密度高、抗渗水性优，而使得便于在其表面进行直接涂装等装饰处理，甚至在某些应用场合，无需再装饰处理可以直接被当作装饰面板使用。而且，它具有一定的柔韧性、耐候性，能抗龟裂性能优异。与硬泡的保温板材复合后，取长补短，其装饰性质和耐用性比以往的高压压制制成的面板更平滑美观，而成本更低，并且，相比于以往的高压压制制成的面板，它能够被轻易地制成各种规格和形状，应用场合和范围更广。
[0005] 本发明另一个所要解决的技术问题是提供一种上述装饰薄面板的制造方法，为此，本发明采用以下技术方案，它依次采用以下步骤：
[0006] (1).提供无机水泥、短纤维和闭孔型的珍珠岩粉、及水乳型树脂，及加水及复合助剂混合成流体混合料。
[0007] (2).将湿料注入模具成形，加热干燥和养护，制成所述薄面板。
[0008] 由于采用本发明的上述技术方案，本发明与以往的薄板制造工艺相比较，不仅工艺步骤极其简单，制造成本低，而且可以轻易地制造各种装饰效果的表面形状和色彩，满足人们的各种审美要求。
[0009] 本发明再一个所要解决的技术问题是提供一种制造保温装饰一体板的方法，为此，本发明采用以下技术方案：将上述薄面板，与保温材料板粘接成复合板，对薄面板的表面进行装饰处理或不进行装饰处理，制成保温装饰一体板。本发明所提供的上述方法，工艺简单，制造成本低，而且，采用该方法能制造多品种、装饰效果各异的保温装饰复合板材。
附图说明
[0010] 图1为本发明所提供实施例的示意图。
[0011] 图2为图1的A部位放大图。
具体实施方式
[0012] 参照附图。本发明为以无机水泥为主要材料、厚度为2mm-10mm的浇注板1，并混合有水乳型树脂复合助剂、短纤维3和闭孔型的珍珠岩粉4，制备时，水乳型树脂与无机水泥的质量比为1 ： 5〜15，短纤维3与无机水泥的质量比为1 ： 50〜200，闭孔型的珍珠岩粉4与无机水泥的质量比为1 ： 5〜15，在靠近所述薄板的上下表面处设有耐碱的玻璃纤维网格布2。
[0013] 其中，水乳型树脂是指耐化学电解性能优秀的乳液，它可采用丙烯酸乳液。它能够起到改善本发明板材的柔韧性，有利于耐候和抗龟裂，经实验表明，如果加入量过多，会不利于干燥，成本也会明显提高，如果加入量不足，会使抗龟裂作用有限。经实验表明，水乳型树脂的一般用量为与无机水泥的质量比1 ： 5〜15，此时，能取得较好抗裂、防水、抗盐花的作用。
[0014] 闭孔型的珍珠岩粉4能有利于降低板材的重量，同时提高板材的隔热保温性能。 但当闭孔型的珍珠岩粉的用量过多时，尽管能够提高保温性能，但不利于强度，也不利于流水线生产。当闭孔型的珍珠岩粉的用量过少时，起不到作用。经实验表明，闭孔型的珍珠岩粉与无机水泥的质量比为1 ： 5〜15，此时，板材自身的密度、强度有较好的综合性能。
[0015] 短纤维3可以是人造或天然的，如可以采用丙烯短纤维，它能进一步有利于板材的柔韧性，提高抗折性能。它的用量也与生产流程有关，短纤维的用量过多时，会起不到作用，当短纤维的用量过少时，会造成无流动性而影响连续制造。经实验表明，当短纤维与无机水泥的质量比为1 ： 50〜200时，能达到最佳效果。
[0016] 玻璃纤维网格布2起到增强抗折的作用，与以往结构不同的是，玻璃纤维网格布2 处于靠近所述薄面板的上下表面，实施时，只要使玻璃纤维网格布在不暴露在薄面板表面上为前提，尽量靠近所述薄板的上下表面，这样抗折性能较优。
[0017] 本发明所提供的装饰薄面板依次采用以下步骤制作：
[0018] (1).提供无机水泥、短纤维和闭孔型的珍珠岩粉，水乳型树脂，及加水混合成流体湿料。在本步骤中，可混合具有减水、消泡等作用的助剂或复合助剂，所添加的助剂或复合助剂与水泥质量比为1 ： 10〜20，该助剂或复合助剂可以是：SM-F。
[0019] (2).将湿料注入薄板模具，当板状湿料被加热干燥成半湿态时，可进行保持一定温度和湿度条件下的养护，养护时的可采用红外加热保持温度，其温度不高于前述加热干燥时的温度，湿度不低于加热干燥时的湿度，如果需要，在养护后可再加热烘干。
[0020] 进一步地，步骤O)中，可将湿料投入被连续输送的模具中进行成形，这样，能够
进一步提高生产效率。
[0021] 本发明所提供的装饰薄面板由短纤维和闭孔型的珍珠岩粉及水乳型树脂改性，为采用模具制成，因此，通过改变与薄面板上或下表面接触的模板的表面形状，可以使装饰薄面板表面轻易地做成平整光滑，而可直接用于涂装施工，形成仿铝塑板等的视觉效果；或者，使装饰薄面板的模具满足做成弹性拉毛、浮雕的，如同雕刻模样的表面，经喷涂后，形成不同的视觉效果，能达到自然、浮雕涂料、拉毛、纹理或立体的壁纸效果，能适用于室内外高档装饰。此外，薄面板的表面可直接涂装不同效果、色彩、种类及性能的涂料品种，满足人们的各种审美要求。
[0022] 本发明所提供的装饰薄面板比较适合与其它板材，尤其与硬泡保温板材，如EPS、 XPS、聚氨酯发泡极复合使用。与保温板层复合成为保温装饰一体板，适用于室内外保温节能和装饰。也可以制成弧面板及不同尺寸规格的板材。复合板经切割后可沿转角镶拼。
5
Claims (4)
1. 一种装饰薄面板，其特征在于它为以无机水泥为主要材料、厚度为2mm-10mm的混凝土浇注薄板，其成分除了水泥外，还混合有水乳型树脂、短纤维和闭孔型的珍珠岩粉及玻璃纤维网格布，在制备时，水乳型树脂与无机水泥的质量比为1 ： 5〜15，短纤维与无机水泥的质量比为1 ： 50〜200，闭孔型的珍珠岩粉与无机水泥的质量比为1 ： 5〜15，在靠近所述薄板的上下表面处设有耐碱的玻璃纤维网格布。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种装饰薄面板，其特征在于所述薄面板的一面是平整光滑面，涂装成仿铝塑板效果。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种装饰薄面板，其特征在于所述薄面板是平面板或弧面板。
4. 一种具有装饰面的板材的制造方法，其特征在于它将权利要求1所述的薄面板与保温材料板复合成复合板，对薄面板的表面进行装饰处理或不进行装饰处理，制成保温装饰一体板。
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