CN101505081B - Heat treatment process for 200MW or lower large size rotor - Google Patents
Heat treatment process for 200MW or lower large size rotor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101505081B CN101505081B CN2009100644296A CN200910064429A CN101505081B CN 101505081 B CN101505081 B CN 101505081B CN 2009100644296 A CN2009100644296 A CN 2009100644296A CN 200910064429 A CN200910064429 A CN 200910064429A CN 101505081 B CN101505081 B CN 101505081B
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Abstract
The invention provides a process for the heat treatment of a 200 MW or below large-scale rotor, which adopts a cooling mode of water quenching and oil cooling, controls quenching temperature and tempering temperature and strictly controls the oil entry temperature of effluent. A, a rotor is suspended in a furnace, and the temperature is raised to be 350 DEG C and kept constant for 4 hours and then raised to be 650 DEG C and kept constant for 6 hours; B, heat-preservation quenching is performed according to 1h/100mm, during quenching, and the rotor is first cooled in water according to 8 to 12min/100mm, then enters oil to be cooled according to 15 to 18 min/100mm and finally is taken out from oil; C, after quenching, the rotor is cooled to be below 200 DEG C, and placed back into the furnace for tempering; and D, during tempering cooling, cooling speed is controlled to be less than or equal to 25 DEG C/h, and the highest temperature of the hearth is reduced to be less than or equal to150 DEG C. The large-scale rotor processed by the process has extremely high strength and excellent plasticity, toughness, and high thermal resistance. The process solves the problem of low rotor performance, avoids cracking risks and guarantees the performance, strength index and impact resistance value of the rotor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rotor manufacturing technology field, a kind of production 200MW and following large rotor Technology for Heating Processing.
Background technology
At present, rotor is one of four big key components of steam power plant, because its condition of work complexity, bear great centrifugal force, because of temperature gradient causes thermal stress, the rotation vibrations cause the very high additional stress of frequency, temporary impact vibration that unit starting, parking and other reasons are produced and torsional stress etc.; Especially the following large rotor of 200MW bears more huge distorting stress at work, and its Technology for Heating Processing belongs to field of engineering technology.The production of this rotor has higher technological difficulties: workpiece weight is heavier, and sectional dimension is bigger, and it is on the low side that performance appears in oil cooling easily, and pure water is cold, and to occur performance again easily higher, and impact value descends bigger; Rotor length direction step is more, and the size difference is bigger, and it is bigger to be prone to each step difference in hardness, the bad control of water quenching and oil-cooling etc.As: the 100MW large rotor that super-huge motor uses, material selection: 25Cr2Ni4MoV, weight is 41 tons, axle body diameter 1090mm, axle body length 4110mm, length overall 9780mm, sketch are as shown in Figure 1.
Specification requirement:
σ0.2(MPa) σ
b(MPa) δ4％ Ψ％ A
kv(J)
Vertically 〉=585 735 18 55 80
Tangentially 〉=585 735 18 55 80
Radially 〉=585 690 18 55 80
FATT50 (℃)≤18 rising heads (two dash)
Technological difficulties: 1. because the cross section is bigger, step is more, easily causes each step difference in hardness bigger.2. it is on the low side that performance appears in oil cooling easily, and pure water is cold, and to occur performance again easily higher, and impact value descends bigger.3. water temperature, oil temperature require control strict; 4. to water-cooled time, the control strictness of oil cooling time; 5. the quenching and tempering temperature is accurately controlled strictness etc.
Summary of the invention
Bigger for solving 200MW large rotor cross section, step is more, easily causes the bigger technical problem of each step difference in hardness, the invention provides a kind of 200MW and following large rotor Technology for Heating Processing.Solved large rotor performance problem on the low side, avoided the cracking risk again, the intensity index of rotor and impact value are guaranteed.Make every performance index of rotor all meet its technical standard requirement, have high intensity and good plasticity, toughness, have good resistance to elevated temperatures.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts technical scheme as described below:
Described 200MW and following large rotor Technology for Heating Processing, the type of cooling of employing water quenching and oil-cooling, control hardening heat and temperature; Oil temperature, shrend time, oil cooling time are gone in strict control water outlet; The water quenching and oil-cooling time is directly connected to the tissue after rotor quenches, and this material quenching degree is better, the most desirable tempering upper bainite that is organized as of material requirements, the suitable water temperature that suitably improves reduces the cooling rate in the water, reduces thermal stress, reduce distortion and tearing tendency when quenching, its step is as follows as far as possible:
A, by the elevator head with workpiece---rotor hangs in the stove, per hour to heat up less than 60 ℃ of speed, be warmed up to 350 ℃ of insulations 4 hours, per hour to continue to be warmed up to 650 ℃ of insulations 6 hours, be incubated per hour to be warmed up to quenching temperature after 650 ℃ of insulations then less than 50 ℃ of speed less than 60 ℃ of speed;
B, quenching temperature are pressed the 1h/100mm insulation and are quenched, and the time is 10 hours; Before the quenching, control coolant temperature: water temperature and oil temperature: in 10 meters depths of tank, add the water temperature that armoured thermocouple detects when quenching and change, and 60min opens water pump and begins to change water and guarantee water temperature in advance; During the quenching water-cooled, with temperature measurer monitor water temperature, oil temperature; Then workpiece is hung in tank, cool time control hangs out workpiece and goes into oil cooling but by behind the water-cooled 8-12min/100mm, and is fuel-displaced with workpiece behind the 15-18min/100mm;
C, quench after, below the work-piece cools to 200 ℃, shove charge tempering in time in 4 hours;
Before the tempering, two ends of rotor and bodice install the armoured thermocouple monitoring temperature additional, and the temperature difference≤± 10 ℃, during tempering, be warming up to 250 ℃ of insulations 14 hours, evenly be incubated per hour to continue to be warmed up to the tempering heating-up temperature less than 30 ℃ of speed then, temperature retention time is pressed the 4h/100mm set-up and calculated;
Behind D, the tempering heat tracing, tempering when cooling, must strictly promptly be cooled to 400 ℃ with stove by≤25 ℃/h control cooling rate, especially 400 ℃ of following low-temperature zone are strict controls cooling rate by≤15-25 ℃/h, make burner hearth temperature controlling point maximum temperature be chilled to≤150 ℃ come out of the stove.
Described 200MW and following large rotor Technology for Heating Processing, quenching temperature is controlled to be: 840-860 ℃;
Described 200MW and following large rotor Technology for Heating Processing, being controlled to be of temperature: 560-610 ℃, temperature evenly back temperature retention time is 42 hours.
Described 200MW and following large rotor Technology for Heating Processing, coolant temperature are water temperature control and oily temperature control: water temperature is controlled to be: 20-40 ℃, oily temperature control is made as: 40-110 ℃.
Described 200MW and following large rotor Technology for Heating Processing, the cool time is controlled to be: water-cooled time 90-105min, oil cooling time 150-180min.
Because adopt aforesaid technical scheme, the present invention has following superiority:
This 200MW and following large rotor Technology for Heating Processing are the processing tasks of the Large Rotor accepted of our factory, and this rotor is thick, and the weight after the processing reaches 41t.Because this root diameter is big, length is long, weight is big, the requirement of mechanical performance is more strict, and this Technology for Heating Processing to our factory, equipment propose new challenge.This is dropped into a large amount of human and material resources and carry out the technology planning, make the frock jig and lift, convenient and swift.Finally formed ripe Technology for Heating Processing by practice production.Solved large rotor performance problem on the low side, avoided the cracking risk again, the intensity index of rotor and impact value are guaranteed.Make every performance index of rotor all meet its technical standard requirement, have high intensity and good plasticity, toughness, have good resistance to elevated temperatures.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of 200MW and following large rotor;
Fig. 2 is a water quenching and oil-cooling technology quenching schematic diagram.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, 2: 200MW and following large rotor Technology for Heating Processing, the type of cooling of employing water quenching and oil-cooling, control hardening heat and temperature; Oil temperature, shrend time, oil cooling time are gone in strict control water outlet; The water quenching and oil-cooling time is directly connected to the tissue after rotor quenches, and this material quenching degree is better, the most desirable tempering upper bainite that is organized as of material requirements, the suitable water temperature that suitably improves reduces the cooling rate in the water, reduces thermal stress, reduce distortion and tearing tendency when quenching as far as possible
Produce the execution of 200MW and following large rotor Technology for Heating Processing scheme,, exceeded the load-bearing requirement of former the design's frock because pts wt reaches 41t,
At first design and the elevator head of making frock are made of custom-designed link plate and cramp frame, and the designed link plate and the load-bearing of cramp frame have reached 50t.Its structure constitutes by hanging cap, pull bar, crossbeam, link plate and cramp frame, hang cap and connect crossbeam by pull bar, the two ends of crossbeam by link plate with add the cramp frame of holding rotor and be connected.During use, the circular hole that link plate is passed at the two ends of clamping the cramp frame of rotor one end respectively is by dowel fixes, and the square hole of two link plates is enclosed within on the crossbeam, by hang cap, pull bar is sling by crossbeam.
Secondly, rotor quenching-and-tempering process parameter is determined, adopts following water quenching and oil-cooling technology to quench:
1, rotor is gone into behind the stove per hour to heat up less than 60 ℃ of speed, be warmed up to 350 ℃ of insulations 4 hours, then with per hour less than 60 ℃ of speed continue to be warmed up to 650 ℃ the insulation 6 hours, after 650 ℃ of insulations per hour to be warmed up to 840 ± 10 ℃ of insulations less than 50 ℃ of speed.
2,840 ± 10 ℃ of insulations were quenched in 10 hours, water-cooled 95-100min, and it is but fuel-displaced behind the 150-180min to go into oil cooling then.
3, shove charge tempering in the time of below the work-piece cools to 200 ℃ is warming up to 250 ℃ of insulations 14 hours, then per hour to continue to be warmed up to 580 ± 10 ℃ less than 30 ℃ of speed, treats evenly back insulation 42 hours of temperature.
3, after 580 ± 10 ℃ of insulations per hour to be cooled to 400 ℃ less than 25 ℃, come out of the stove per hour to be cooled to 150 ℃ then less than 15 ℃ of temperature controls.
Its technology implementation status, step is as follows:
A, by the elevator head with workpiece---rotor hangs in the stove, per hour to heat up less than 60 ℃ of speed, be warmed up to 350 ℃ of insulations 4 hours, then with per hour less than 60 ℃ of speed continue to be warmed up to 650 ℃ the insulation 6 hours, after 650 ℃ of insulations per hour to be warmed up to 840 ± 10 ℃ of insulations of quenching temperature less than 50 ℃ of speed;
B, 840 ± 10 ℃ of quenching temperatures are pressed the 1h/100mm insulation and were quenched in 10 hours; Before the quenching, in 10 meters depths of tank, the water temperature when adding armoured thermocouple and detect quenching changes, and 60min opens water pump and begins to change water and guarantee 20-40 ℃ of water temperature in advance; During the quenching water-cooled, use the temperature-measuring gun monitor water temperature; Then workpiece is hung in tank, behind water-cooled 8-12min/100mm, hang out workpiece and go into oil cooling but, fuel-displaced with workpiece behind the 15-18min/100mm; Be after being controlled to be water-cooled 100min the cool time, hanging out workpiece, to go into oil cooling but fuel-displaced behind the 150min;
After C, the quenching, workpiece was cooled to shove charge tempering in time below 200 ℃ in 4 hours;
Before the tempering, two ends of rotor and bodice install the armoured thermocouple monitoring temperature additional, and the temperature difference≤± 10 ℃, and the instrument design temperature can be adjusted the thermocouple temperature and furnace temperature instrument temperature can not differ 10 ℃ according to electric thermo-couple temperature;
During tempering, be warming up to 250 ℃ of insulations 14 hours,, treat that temperature evenly is incubated 42 hours in the back then per hour to continue to be warmed up to 580 ± 10 ℃ of tempering heating-up temperatures less than 30 ℃ of speed;
After D, 80 ± 10 ℃ of insulations of 5 tempering heating-up temperatures, during the tempering cooling, must be strict by≤25 ℃/h control cooling rate, promptly be cooled to 400 ℃ with stove, especially 400 ℃ of following low-temperature zone are strict with≤15 ℃/h control cooling rates, make burner hearth temperature controlling point maximum temperature be chilled to≤150 ℃ come out of the stove.
Last inspection eventually: every performance all meets specification requirement.
Every performance all meets specification requirement, as following table:
Claims (2)
1. a 200MW and following large rotor Technology for Heating Processing is characterized in that: adopt the type of cooling of water quenching and oil-cooling, control hardening heat and temperature; Oil temperature, shrend time, oil cooling time are gone in strict control water outlet; The water quenching and oil-cooling time is directly connected to the tissue after rotor quenches, 25Cr2Ni4MoV material quenching degree is better, the 25Cr2Ni4MoV material requires is organized as the tempering upper bainite, suitably improve water temperature, reduce the cooling rate in the water, reduce thermal stress, reduce distortion and tearing tendency when quenching, its step is as follows:
A, by the elevator head with workpiece---rotor hangs in the stove, per hour to heat up less than 60 ℃ of speed, be warmed up to 350 ℃ of insulations 4 hours, per hour to continue to be warmed up to 650 ℃ of insulations 6 hours, be incubated per hour to be warmed up to quenching temperature after 650 ℃ of insulations then less than 50 ℃ of speed less than 60 ℃ of speed;
B, quenching temperature insulation cool time press 1h/100mm and calculate, and insulation is quenched, and the time is 10 hours; Before the quenching, control coolant temperature: water temperature and oil temperature; Water temperature when adding armoured thermocouple in 10 meters depths of tank and detect quenching changes, and 60min opens water pump and begins to change water and guarantee water temperature in advance; During the quenching water-cooled, with temperature measurer monitor water temperature, oil temperature; Then workpiece is hung in tank, the cool time: the control water-cooled time calculates with 8-12min/100mm, after the water-cooled, hangs out workpiece and goes into oil cooling but, calculates with 15-18min/100mm and sets the oil cooling time, and workpiece is fuel-displaced behind the oil cooling;
After C, the quenching, workpiece was cooled to shove charge tempering in time below 200 ℃ in 4 hours;
Before the tempering, two ends of rotor and rotor middle part installs the armoured thermocouple monitoring temperature additional, and the temperature difference≤± 10 ℃, during tempering, be warming up to 250 ℃ of insulations 14 hours, per hour to continue to be warmed up to the tempering heating-up temperature less than 30 ℃ of speed, evenly temperature retention time is pressed the 4h/100mm set-up and calculated then;
580 ± 10 ℃ of D, tempering heating-up temperatures are after the insulation, during the tempering cooling, must be strict by≤25 ℃/h control cooling rate, promptly be cooled to 400 ℃ with stove, strict 400 ℃ of following low-temperature zone by≤15 ℃/h control cooling rates, make burner hearth temperature controlling point maximum temperature be chilled to≤150 ℃ come out of the stove;
Described quenching temperature is controlled to be: 840 ± 10 ℃;
Described tempering heating and temperature control is: 580 ± 10 ℃, temperature evenly back temperature retention time is 42 hours;
Water temperature control and oily temperature control are adopted in the temperature control of described coolant, and water temperature is controlled to be: 20-40 ℃, oily temperature control is made as: 40-110 ℃.
2. 200MW according to claim 1 and following large rotor Technology for Heating Processing, it is characterized in that: the cool time is controlled to be: water-cooled time 90-105min, oil cooling time 150-180min.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100644296A CN101505081B (en) | 2009-03-12 | 2009-03-12 | Heat treatment process for 200MW or lower large size rotor |
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| CN2009100644296A CN101505081B (en) | 2009-03-12 | 2009-03-12 | Heat treatment process for 200MW or lower large size rotor |
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| CN101505081A CN101505081A (en) | 2009-08-12 |
| CN101505081B true CN101505081B (en) | 2011-09-28 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101805824B (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2011-09-28 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Interrupted quenching thermal treatment method of 42CrMo4 roller shaft |
| CN102560245B (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2014-07-16 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Microalloying and heat treatment method for 300MW turbonator rotor material |
| CN102560064B (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2013-09-04 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Integral thermal treatment process for roller shell of high-pressure roller mill |
| CN104195296A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-10 | 上海朋泰精密模具有限公司 | Novel anti-cracking quenching method for pinch roller work-piece |
| CN105838856A (en) * | 2016-05-14 | 2016-08-10 | 莱芜锻压有限公司 | Step type normalizing technology for 25Cr2Ni4MoV forged piece |
| CN106834621B (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2018-11-02 | 上海电气上重铸锻有限公司 | A kind of ACP1000 nuclear powers welded disc turbine rotor wheel disc forging Tempering and Quenching method |
| CN111546008A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-18 | 贵阳白云中航紧固件有限公司 | Large-scale pin shaft machining method |
| CN113999952A (en) * | 2021-10-10 | 2022-02-01 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Heat treatment process for large-size 20CrMnMoB guide rail |
| CN114029436B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2023-11-21 | 二重（德阳）重型装备有限公司 | Thermal processing technology of high-strength and high-toughness rotor center body |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1854316A (en) * | 2005-04-27 | 2006-11-01 | 上海重型机器锻件厂 | Heat treatment of steel turbine rotor |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1854316A (en) * | 2005-04-27 | 2006-11-01 | 上海重型机器锻件厂 | Heat treatment of steel turbine rotor |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 王忠谦.25Cr2NiMoV钢的热处理与性能.《汽轮机技术》.1986,(第06期),35-40. * |
| 王而震.发电机转子锻件深冷淬火的探讨.《金属热处理》.1979,(第11期),43-49. * |
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Granted publication date: 20110928 Termination date: 20200312 |