CN101504605A - UML model detection system and method for generating LTL formula based on property terms mode - Google Patents
UML model detection system and method for generating LTL formula based on property terms mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a UML model detection system and a method for generating an LTL formula based on a property convention mode in the field of model driven software development. The system is characterized by comprising a UML state graph, a model editor, a model converter, a model detector and an LTL formula editor. The method comprises the following steps: based on the property convention mode, automatically generating an LTL formula definition template; configuring a property convention template by user definition, and finally inputting the generated LTL formula to the model detector; verifying the LTL formula, and analyzing a verification result; and in a system modeling process; based on the property convention mode, generating the LTL formula for describing the property convention of the system, and using the model detector to verify whether a dynamic system behavior molded by the UML state graph meets the LTL formula; detecting whether the UML model meets the property convention expected by the system; and realizing constructing a high-quality system model in a modeling stage so as to improve the quality of the finally generated software system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to model detection system and method in the software development of model-driven formula, relate in particular to a kind of uml model detection system and method that generates the LTL formula based on the character specification mode.
Background technology
Model-driven formula software development methodology is that practical problems is carried out modeling and the model of changing, refine, until the process that generates executable code.Executing model drive structure (model driven architecture, be called for short MDA) is a kind of service logic to be set up abstract model, is produced the method for final complete application program then automatically by abstract model.MDA is devoted to improve the abstraction level of software development behavior, advocates business model is defined as accurate higher level of abstraction model, and the developer is freed from loaded down with trivial details rudimentary work, the service logic aspects of paying close attention to more.
Unified modeling language UML can provide visual modeling environment and instrument for the user as a kind of visual modeling language of standard, is the core technology of implementation model drive-type software development methodology, has been widely used in the model of modeling.UML is as a kind of standard modeling language, the demand of descriptive system well, and uml class figure, component diagram etc. are used for the static structure of modeling, and UML activity diagram, constitutional diagram, precedence diagram etc. are used for the dynamic behaviour of modeling.Wherein, the status change situation of system object in its life cycle portrayed in the UML constitutional diagram, is used to the dynamic behaviour of modeling, and the correctness of the detection technique that uses a model checking UML constitutional diagram system for modeling dynamic behaviour is significant.
But uml model lacks strict semantical definition, and its correctness is difficult to be guaranteed.How improving the correctness of UML system model, thereby improve the quality of total system model, provide valid approach for constructing high-quality software systems, is one of subject matter that faces in the model-driven formula software development process.In addition, formal LTL formula has complex grammar and semanteme, in actual applications, be difficult to be developed personnel's understanding and grasp, how to reuse existing character specification mode, automatically generating LTL formula definition template, for the developer provides a kind of use-pattern easily, is the subject matter that the model detection technique faces in actual applications.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of uml model detection system and method, in model-driven formula software development process, use the correctness of existing model detector checking UML constitutional diagram system for modeling behavior based on character specification mode generation LTL formula.
Technical scheme of the present invention is that a kind of uml model detection system based on character specification mode generation LTL formula is characterized in that, comprising:
The UML constitutional diagram is used for the transition of descriptive model object life cycle state;
Model editor is used for describing the system requirements that UML sets up the system model process;
The model conversion device is used for described UML constitutional diagram is converted to the input language PROMELA as model detector with SPIN;
Model detector is used for the property of system constraint of correctness, security, activity and the description of described LTL formula of verification system;
LTL equation editing device is used for generating LTL formula definition template automatically based on the character specification mode, and defined by the user, dispose this character stipulations template, the LTL formula of Sheng Chenging is input in the described model detector the most at last, checking LTL formula, and
The interpretation of result device, be used for when finding that there is mistake in described system model, when generation counter-example path causes system to produce wrong execution route in order to description, generate the precedence diagram of expansion according to the counter-example path, portray the interacting message situation in the described system model implementation, for this system model of user's modification provides support.
Described LTL equation editing device comprises:
Library is used to preserve predefined all character specification modes
LTL equation editing device load module is used to import the character constraint that described system model need satisfy;
Character specification mode scope selector switch is used to support to select the usable range of character stipulations;
Character specification mode sorter is used for the processing of classifying of the character specification mode of library, makes and can select suitable character specification mode as required;
Pattern is used for realizing generating LTL formula template according to the character specification mode to LTL formula mapping block;
The user disposes LTL formula module, is used for the variable of instantiation LTL formula; Obtain the LTL formula of instantiation;
LTL equation editing device output module is used to export the example of LTL formula.
A kind of uml model detection method based on character specification mode generation LTL formula is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Generate the UML constitutional diagram, the transition of state in the model object life cycle;
Describe UML by model editor and set up system requirements in the system model process;
By the model conversion device described UML constitutional diagram is converted to the input language PROMELA as model detector with SPIN;
Adopt LTL equation editing device,, generate LTL formula definition template automatically based on the character specification mode, and defined by the user, dispose this character stipulations template, the LTL formula of Sheng Chenging is input in the described model detector the most at last, verifies the LTL formula;
Utilize model detector, the property of system constraint that the correctness of verification system, security, activity and described LTL formula are described; At last
By the interpretation of result device, when in finding described system model, having mistake, when generation counter-example path causes system to produce wrong execution route in order to description, generate the precedence diagram of expansion according to the counter-example path, portray the interacting message situation in the described system model implementation, for this system model of user's modification provides support.
Described LTL equation editing device detects described uml model with following steps:
Select the usable range of character specification mode;
Select the character specification mode;
Select to take place quasi-mode or order class pattern;
Configuration LTL formula;
Checking LTL formula;
If satisfy described system model requirement, why finish checking, if do not satisfy, then return the modification system model.
Compared to existing technology, technical scheme provided by the invention, under the guidance of model-driven formula software development methodology, in the system modelling process, the correctness of integrated formalized model detection technique checking uml model, generate the LTL formula of descriptive system character constraint based on the character specification mode, and whether the detecting device checking UML constitutional diagram system for modeling dynamic behaviour that uses a model satisfies the LTL formula, check whether uml model satisfies the character constraint that system expects, being implemented in the modelling phase constructs high-quality system model, thereby improves the quality of the final software systems that generate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the System Framework figure that verifies the UML constitutional diagram in one embodiment of the invention based on model detector
Fig. 2 is the functional framework figure of LTL equation editing device in one embodiment of the invention
Fig. 3 is the classification diagram of character specification mode in one embodiment of the invention
Fig. 4 is the usable range diagram of specification mode in one embodiment of the invention
Fig. 5 is the use flow chart of steps of LTL equation editing device in one embodiment of the invention
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, this figure is by the main functional modules figure of the System Framework of modelling verification UML of the present invention constitutional diagram, comprises among the figure:
Model editor, the user uses the model of UML modeling in model editor, be used for the demand of descriptive system.Wherein, the UML constitutional diagram has been described in the object life cycle, and the transition situation of state has the meaning of reusing for the dynamic behaviour of modeling;
The model conversion device in order to reuse the correctness of existing model detector verification system model, need be converted to the UML constitutional diagram language that model detector can be discerned.The present invention has adopted SPIN as model detector, and therefore, the major function of model conversion device is the input language PROMELA that the UML constitutional diagram is converted to SPIN.The realization principle of model conversion device is the operational semantics according to the UML constitutional diagram, uses the modeling element of the language expression UML of the unit constitutional diagram of PROMELA, and key point is the mapping relations that realize between two kinds of modeling languages;
Model detector, its major function are to realize whether the verification system model satisfies the requirement of security, activity.In addition, can verify the property of system constraint of using the LTL formula to describe.Adopt classical model detector SPIN among the present invention, be used to verify the correctness of UML constitutional diagram;
LTL equation editing device, its major function is based on the character specification mode, generates LTL formula definition template automatically, and defined by the user, dispose this character stipulations template, the LTL formula of Sheng Chenging is input in the model detector the most at last, checking LTL formula;
The interpretation of result device when model detector is found to have mistake in the system model, will generate counter-example path (counterexample) and cause system to produce wrong execution route in order to description.The reason that these routing informations can help customer analysis to lead to errors and produce, but, the counter-example path that model detector generates is difficult to be understood by the general user, therefore, the interpretation of result device can generate the precedence diagram of expansion according to the counter-example path, interacting message situation in the portrayal system model implementation provides support for the user revises system model further.
In technique scheme, adopt model detector SPIN to detect engine as model, make full use of the authentication function that SPIN provides, implementation model detects the UML constitutional diagram.
System model satisfies security and is meant the situation that does not have deadlock in the system model, and whether model detector SPIN has security by whether there being invalid final state verification system in the check system model.In order to realize constitutional diagram based on SPIN checking UML, at first, the UML constitutional diagram need be converted to the input language PROMELA of SPIN, this step is the semanteme according to the UML constitutional diagram, and the behavior of constitutional diagram system for modeling is come out with the formal description of PROMELA.Secondly, directly call SPIN, utilize its security verification function, whether have invalid final state in the check system model.If find to have invalid final state, then the illustrative system model does not satisfy security requirement.Otherwise system model has security attributes, and deadlock can not take place.
System model satisfies activity and is meant the situation that does not exist loop to wait in the system model.Similarly, whether constitutional diagram satisfies active requirement based on SPIN checking UML, at first, the UML constitutional diagram need be converted to PROMELA, then, utilizes the active authentication function of SPIN, checks in the dynamic behaviour of UML constitutional diagram system for modeling whether have a loop.If there is a loop, then the illustrative system model does not satisfy active requirement.Otherwise system model satisfies active requirement.
When whether checking UML constitutional diagram satisfies the character constraint of system's expectation, at first, must use the character constraint of LTL formula expression system correctly expectation, yet the LTL tense logic language have complex grammar and semanteme, is difficult to be grasped by the user.Define the LTL formula quickly and accurately for the ease of the user, the of the present invention proposition in technical scheme generates the definition template of LTL formula based on existing character specification mode, thereby realizes guiding the user progressively to generate the LTL formula in the mode of template.This method generates the mode of the common pairing LTL formula of some character stipulations with template automatically by reusing existing character specification mode, has improved the correctness and the efficient of user definition LTL formula.In case generated correct LTL formula, just whether working model detection technique checking UML constitutional diagram satisfies the character constraint of LTL formulate.
As shown in Figure 2, in the composition of LTL equation editing device, the input of LTL equation editing device is the character constraint that system need satisfy, normally the system requirements constraint condition of natural language description; Output is the example of LTL formula; Realize by LTL equation editing device from the transfer process that is input to output,, support the usable range of user selection matter constraint comprising character specification mode scope selector switch; Character specification mode sorter is with the processing of classifying of the character specification mode in the library, and the user can select suitable character specification mode as required; Pattern realizes generating according to the character specification mode template of LTL formula to the mapping block of LTL formula; In mapping process, the user is configured the LTL formula, and the variable in the instantiation LTL formula finally all obtains the LTL formula after the instantiation.The thought that the design of LTL equation editing device has adopted pattern to reuse, the information that provides according to pattern generates the formula definition template, for generating the LTL formula, the user provides a large amount of supplementarys, the final LTL formula of realizing with the mode generation formization of template is to improve correctness and the efficient that generates formula.
According to the kind of the described system action of character specification mode, Dwyer character specification mode can be divided into two big classes: (Occurrence) quasi-mode and order (Order) quasi-mode take place.In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the classification of character specification mode as shown in Figure 3.The characteristic of every kind of specification mode is referring to table 1, and according to the characteristic of specification mode, the user can select the property of system that suitable specification mode is expressed needs checking.
The pairing LTL formula of table 1 character specification mode
In table 1, provided every kind of character specification mode under different usable range, the concrete representation of its pairing LTL formula and the characteristics of this pattern.
In addition, every kind of character specification mode has five kinds of usable range, as shown in Figure 4.In Fig. 4, dash area is illustrated in this segment limit that program carries out, and this character specification mode is effective, R wherein, and Q represents given events/conditions.Global scope (Global) is illustrated in the whole procedure execution scope, and pattern is all effective; Before R representation program is carried out before R occurs for the first time, the pattern continuously effective; After After R representation program is carried out R and is occurred for the first time, the pattern continuously effective; Between Q and R representation program carry out Q occur for the first time and R next time between the appearance time, pattern is effective; Occur the first time that After Q until R is illustrated in Q, and between R occurs, perhaps carry out up to program and finish, and in the meantime, pattern is effective.Scope can be carried out parametrization, for example global scope does not have parameter, and Before and After scope have a parameter, and Between and After-until have two parameters, this parameterized expression mode is for the usable range of defining mode provides very big dirigibility.For example, if the usable range of Response pattern is After R, then in program process, after given incident/state R took place, the Response pattern was just effective.Usually, the usable range of character specification mode is by the beginning of this pattern and final state decision.
Because the remarkable advantage of pattern checking device SPIN is to generate the counter-example path automatically when being checked through mistake, be used to describe the system's execution route that leads to errors and produce.For the ease of this counter-example path of customer analysis, therefore the location mistake uses the UML precedence diagram of expansion to describe the counter-example path, realizes the visual of counter-example path.
As shown in Figure 5, under the said detecting system framework, the concrete steps of LTL formula that generate the constraint of descriptive system character based on the character specification mode are as follows:
Step S101, the scope of selection character specification mode: the user selects the effective range of character specification mode as required, and this scope is to be determined by the beginning of state and final state;
Step S102, select the character specification mode, feature (seeing Table 1) according to the satisfied character of system's needs, select suitable character specification mode, after the user selects certain pattern, detailed description information about this pattern is shown, and is used to help the user to understand the implication of this pattern, provides reference information for the user selects suitable specification mode;
Step S103 selects to take place quasi-mode or order class pattern;
Step S105, configuration LTL formula;
Step S106, checking LTL formula;
Step S107 judges whether to satisfy system model, verifies if satisfy then finish, if do not satisfy, then enters step S108;
Step S108 revises model.
In above-mentioned steps, relate to and generate the pairing LTL formula of character specification mode, then be under the different usable range and the corresponding relation between the LTL formula according to character specification mode listed in the table 1, can determine the concrete form of the pairing LTL formula of character stipulations template that generates in the abovementioned steps, the user is according to the involved modeling element of character constraint then, to variable in the LTL formula such as P, S carries out instantiation.If satisfy described system model requirement, why finish checking, if do not satisfy, then return the modification system model.
The LTL equation editing device that provides in the technical solution of the present invention is supported to generate the LTL formula in the mode of template, allow the user to the LTL formula be configured, instantiation, make up character specification mode storehouse, support reusing of character specification mode.
For example, in a validation test example, modeling person is according to user's needs, and under the aid that is technical scheme realization of the present invention helped, the process that progressively generates the definition template of LTL formula can be launched as following steps:
1) select the usable range of character stipulations, as overall global scope, before scope etc., what select in this example is global scope, and it is all effective to be illustrated in the whole service process of system this pattern; Usually, scope is determined by the initial sum final state;
2) select suitable character specification mode according to user's request, the character of the required checking of this example satisfies reactive mode Response, therefore, selects this pattern in the Order mode class;
3) generate the pairing LTL formula of character specification mode, and from model, extract relevant information, the variable in the instantiation LTL formula, thus obtain being used for the LTL formula of descriptive system character;
4) call verification command, realize whether the verification system model satisfies the represented property of system of LTL formula.
The checking result shows that system model satisfies user-defined LTL formula
[] (verifyPIN → VerifyingCard﹠amp; ﹠amp; VerifyingPIN), do not find mistake.
In addition, if the character that the user need define constraint can't use existing character specification mode to represent, can be by the editing interface of LTL formula, the concrete LTL formula of manual definition.Certainly this operating process needs the user to have the knowledge of enough temporal logic aspects usually, can operate for advanced level user.
According to the relevant knowledge of temporal logic, can obtain following derivation:
[](p→<>s)
Thus, the pairing LTL formula of Response pattern [] (p →＜〉s) is equivalent to
The character constraint that system model need satisfy in the ATM example:
[](verifyPIN→<>(VerifyingCard&&VerifyingPIN))
In fact also be equivalent to
The number of the subformula that the obvious latter is contained is some more.Use the definition template of LTL formula, when defining the LTL formula by hand, obtain this complicated LTL formula form probably, and can also in described tool software, observe the result that this formula is verified by the user.
In a word, the present invention can obtain to make up the effect of high-quality system model in model-driven formula software development process, specifically:
1. in modeling process, integrated formal model detection technique, the correctness of checking uml model, Can effectively improve the quality of system model, thereby guarantee the quality of the final code that generates, for opening Send out software systems high-quality and improved a kind of effective method.
2. utilize existing model detector SPIN to detect engine as model, can be with formal model Detection technique is encapsulated, thereby so that the developer need not to understand the model detection technique of complexity, with regard to energy Enough use existing model detector, promote formal model detection technique in software development process Extensive use.
3. based on property specification automatic pattern generation LTL formula definition template, realized the property specification pattern Reuse, for the developer efficiently and accurately the LTL formula of form of Definition provide a kind of convenient Approach.
4. visual counter-example path analysis is for customer analysis, location mistake provide convenience.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of uml model detection system based on character specification mode generation LTL formula is characterized in that, comprising:
The UML constitutional diagram is used for the transition of descriptive model object life cycle state;
Model editor is used for describing the system requirements that UML sets up the system model process;
The model conversion device is used for described UML constitutional diagram is converted to the input language PROMELA as model detector with SPIN;
Model detector is used for the property of system constraint of correctness, security, activity and the description of described LTL formula of verification system;
LTL equation editing device is used for generating LTL formula definition template automatically based on the character specification mode, and defined by the user, dispose this character stipulations template, the LTL formula of Sheng Chenging is input in the described model detector the most at last, checking LTL formula; And
The interpretation of result device, be used for when finding that there is mistake in described system model, when generation counter-example path causes system to produce wrong execution route in order to description, generate the precedence diagram of expansion according to the counter-example path, portray the interacting message situation in the described system model implementation, for this system model of user's modification provides support.
2, the uml model detection system based on character specification mode generation LTL formula as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described LTL equation editing device comprises:
Library is used to preserve predefined all character specification modes
LTL equation editing device load module is used to import the character constraint that described system model need satisfy;
Character specification mode scope selector switch is used to support to select the usable range of character stipulations;
Character specification mode sorter is used for the processing of classifying of the character specification mode of library, makes and can select suitable character specification mode as required;
Pattern is used for realizing generating LTL formula template according to the character specification mode to LTL formula mapping block;
The user disposes LTL formula module, is used for the variable of instantiation LTL formula; Obtain the LTL formula of instantiation;
LTL equation editing device output module is used to export the example of LTL formula.
3, a kind of uml model detection method based on character specification mode generation LTL formula is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Generate the UML constitutional diagram, the transition of state in the model object life cycle;
Describe UML by model editor and set up system requirements in the system model process;
By the model conversion device described UML constitutional diagram is converted to the input language PROMELA as model detector with SPIN;
Adopt LTL equation editing device,, generate LTL formula definition template automatically based on the character specification mode, and defined by the user, dispose this character stipulations template, the LTL formula of Sheng Chenging is input in the described model detector the most at last, verifies the LTL formula;
Utilize model detector, the property of system constraint that the correctness of verification system, security, activity and described LTL formula are described; At last
By the interpretation of result device, when in finding described system model, having mistake, when generation counter-example path causes system to produce wrong execution route in order to description, generate the precedence diagram of expansion according to the counter-example path, portray the interacting message situation in the described system model implementation, for this system model of user's modification provides support.
4, the uml model detection method based on character specification mode generation LTL formula as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described LTL equation editing device detects described uml model with following steps:
Select the usable range of character specification mode;
Select the character specification mode;
Select to take place quasi-mode or order class pattern;
Configuration LTL formula;
Checking LTL formula;
If satisfy described system model requirement, then finish checking, if do not satisfy, then return the modification system model.
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