CN101504014A - Novel high-speed fuel oil centrifugal pump - Google Patents
Novel high-speed fuel oil centrifugal pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN101504014A CN101504014A CNA2009100798684A CN200910079868A CN101504014A CN 101504014 A CN101504014 A CN 101504014A CN A2009100798684 A CNA2009100798684 A CN A2009100798684A CN 200910079868 A CN200910079868 A CN 200910079868A CN 101504014 A CN101504014 A CN 101504014A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel high-speed fuel centrifugal pump, which mainly comprises a side inlet device, an impeller as a main working part, a pump volute chamber surrounding the impeller, and an outlet device positioned at one end of the pump volute chamber, wherein the output device is provided with a discharge pipe, and the discharge pipe is in smooth tangential connection with the pump volute chamber. The design plan of an outlet for the smooth tangential connection of the discharge pipe and an outlet of a pump volute can effectively inhibit the formation of cavitation erosion and can improve the performance of the centrifugal pump. Cross checks and experimental verifications through various computing methods prove that the novel high-speed fuel centrifugal pump is technically practical.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical manufacturing field, relate in particular to a kind of novel high-speed fuel oil centrifugal pump.
Background technique
In decades, countries in the world are the high performance aeroengine control system of research and development competitively always, to satisfy the advanced engine control functional requirement that becomes increasingly complex.Target and guilding principle that integrated HPTE Technologies (IHPTET) plan of NASA is formulated have been represented now and the developing direction of future world various countries aeroengine and control system thereof substantially.
Aeroengine control system is mainly finished the functions such as control of control of engine chamber fuel feeding and various variable-geometries, centrifuging temperature pump (hereinafter to be referred as centrifugal pump) becomes the important device of engine control system as the oil sources pump in the control system with its functions peculiar.Centrifugal pump mainly is made up of the inlet means 1 of side direction, the pump volute chamber 4 that is surrounded as the impeller 2 of groundwork part, with above-mentioned impeller and the outlet device 3 that is positioned at volute chamber one end, and its form structure as shown in Figure 1.
The development of high-performance enginer has proposed big flow, high rotating speed, high pressure ratio, high temperature resistant, antivibration and the high requirement of functional reliability to centrifugal pump.Directly influence the performance and the life-span of motor because of the oil sources pump, at present centrifugal pump is generally adopted in countries in the world, and its main feature has: (1) weight/power ratio low (the pump quality of specific discharge), simple in structure, flow big, anti-dirty property is strong, reliable operation, pressure and flow is steady, cost is low; (2) have the load characteristic of throttling behind the pump, be convenient to Flow-rate adjustment and composition system; (3) have mild load characteristic, bring benefit to fuel metering and pressure reduction throttling design.
The above-mentioned advantage of centrifugal pump makes it obtain to use widely in Aero-Space, navigation and general civilian industry, but the cavitation erosion problem of centrifugal pump is a difficult point in the development always.What particularly point out is, be the use to some extent on the U.S., Russia, Chinese aero gas turbine engine of the high pressure of medium, big flow, high rotating speed centrifugal pump at present with the fuel oil, but the cavitation erosion problem in the product still happens occasionally, need effectively to analyze, study and solve, otherwise this fault will jeopardize aircraft safety, even the fatal crass occur.
Cavitation erosion is the serious problems that influence centrifugal pump boost performance, reliability, working life.When the centrifugal pump impeller inlet pressure was lower than saturation vapor pressure under the oil sources temperature, the liquid in the impeller produced vaporization, and the former gas that is dissolved in the liquid constantly dissociates out simultaneously, produces bubble in the liquid.When bubble followed the liquid motion to arrive the zone of high pressure of impeller, pressurized broke, and produces very strong hydraulic shock phenomenon, and with chemical reaction, impeller was produced very big destruction, influenced pump performance, shortened the life-span of pump.
Studies show that cavitation erosion comprises cavitation and two processes of cavitation corrosion.Cavitation is the hole that forms in the liquid, is the steam of fluid in the hole.In the flow of fluid process, flow velocity strengthens, and pressure is reduced.When local local fluid pressure dropped to saturated vapor pressure local temperature under, liquid seethed with excitement, the formation bubble, and bubble flows to the zone of high pressure and is compressed again subsequently, crumbles and fall, and causes hydraulic shock and vibration.The coming into being of hole, grow, grow to the whole process that crumbles and fall, both may occur in liquid internal, also may occur on the solid boundaries, this has just caused the peeling off and corrode of metal granule of metal surface.Be accompanied by the cavitation erosion process, also have thermomechanics and electrochemical action, interactions such as chemical corrosion, metal granule wearing and tearing accelerate the failure material.
When bubble produces in a large number, during the cavitation erosion sustainable development, can cause serious consequence and harm to pump, mainly contain:
(1) pump performance descends suddenly
Pump is damaged the flowing medium continuity when cavitation erosion takes place, lift of pump, flow, efficient (H-q
mCurve, n-q
mCurve) all can sharply descend, cause pump proper functioning continuously;
(2) pump produces vibration and noise
When bubble is crumbled and fall, produce strong water attack, because of mutually impacting between fluid particle and can produce wide band noise, even can hear the explosive sound of " pipa ", and cause the vibration of pump, cause the pump cisco unity malfunction the intense impact of runner wall;
(3) to the erosion of flow passage components
Cavitation erosion is rapid and serious to the erosion of material, can make runner parts (mainly being impeller) become cellular or spongy, serious surface and be lost, penetrates.
Fig. 2 (a) is the photo of the cavitation erosion among a small circle of a certain mixed flow pump aluminium alloy vane, and Fig. 2 (b) then is the photo that the centrifugal pump volute chamber suffers cavitation erosion, and cavitation erosion here is extremely abominable, has penetrated blade.What Fig. 2 (c) showed is the cavitation erosion of a cement flood discharge of State of Arizona, US Hoover dam pipeline, and corrosion cavity wherein has 35 meters long, 9 meters wide and 13.7 dark unexpectedly.Fig. 2 (d) has showed the photo of the cavitation erosion on certain centrifugal pump impeller hub and chassis.
In recent ten years, the mobile numerical calculation of centrifugal pump impeller internal turbulence has obtained bigger development.1986, Tanabe etc. with the finite element method numerical calculation turbulent flow of centrifugal pump impeller inside, Shi Qingping in 1992 etc. and Goede etc. have successively delivered the centrifugal pump impeller internal turbulence numerical calculation achievement that flows.Grandson in 1996 is from the auspicious turbulence model that adopts piecemeal implicit expression numerical method with Wu Yulin and consider the coriolis force correction, under prismatic blade is simplified the centrifugal pump impeller internal turbulence flowed and carried out numerical simulation.Fu Qiang etc. have done the research about Three dimensional Turbulent numerical simulation in the twisted blade centrifugal pump impeller.
Money is strong based on N-S equation and standard
The disorderly flow model of both sides' journey adopts commercial CFX-TASCflow software for calculation that the centrifugal pump impeller model has been carried out impeller interior three-dimensional Numerical modelling of turbulent flow, obtains under three typical conditions, the speed from the wheel hub to the front shroud on each section and pressure distribution.By with the laser particle image rate field instrument of this impeller flow field-PIV experimental result relatively, initial analysis the cavitation erosion and the energy response of centrifugal pump impeller.
Aspects such as the mechanism that in the above-mentioned research turbulent flow, two-phase flow and cavitation erosion thereof in the centrifugal pump is formed, physical process, experiment measuring are studied, yet still there are many deficiencies or imperfection part in these achievements, mainly comprise: (1) most simulation calculation is not all considered the influence of discharge tube, and wherein major part is only calculated a runner between impeller blade; (2) above-mentioned research working medium is generally the water of water or silt, relates to the research of fuel oil working medium and document seldom; (3) to be confined to range of working pressure smaller more in research at present, and big for pressure head, and small flow research seldom, and is and obviously different under cavitation erosion evolution under the high-pressure state and the low-pressure; (4) adopt advanced means, at the high-pressure high-flow centrifugal pump Study on Numerical Simulation deficiency that with the fuel oil is the height rotation of medium.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel high-speed fuel oil centrifugal pump that can overcome the problems referred to above.
The invention provides a kind of novel high-speed fuel oil centrifugal pump, this centrifugal pump comprises: the inlet means of side direction, impeller as the groundwork part, the pump volute chamber that above-mentioned impeller is surrounded, and the outlet device that is positioned at pump volute chamber one end, wherein, above-mentioned outlet device has discharge tube, is connected for level and smooth tangent line between above-mentioned discharge tube and the said pump volute chamber.
The parameter of above-mentioned centrifugal pump is as follows: rotating speed is 20000～30000r/min; Range of flow is 12000～46000kg/h; Inlet pressure is 0.3～1.1MPa; Pressure reduction is 6.0～9.0MPa; Maximum consumption power is 300kW.
The said pump volute chamber can be involute shape.
The medium of above-mentioned centrifugal pump is a fuel oil.
The outlet design proposal that level and smooth tangent line connects discharge tube and pump volute will effectively suppress the formation of cavitating, and can improve centrifugal pump performance.By mutual verification of multiple computational methods and experimental verification, prove that novel high speed fuel oil centrifugal pump outlet scheme is technical feasible.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the shape assumption diagram of existing centrifugal pump;
Fig. 2 (a) is that certain mixed flow pump aluminum alloy impeller blade suffers the picture of cavitation erosion among a small circle;
Fig. 2 (b) is the picture that the centrifugal pump volute chamber suffers cavitation erosion;
Fig. 2 (c) is the picture that State of Arizona, US Hoover dam cement flood discharge pipeline suffers cavitation erosion;
Fig. 2 (d) is the picture that certain centrifugal pump impeller hub and chassis suffer cavitation erosion;
Fig. 3 is the velocity magnitude distribution map in the flow field of pump under declared working condition;
Fig. 4 is the tubulence energy distribution map in the flow field of pump under declared working condition;
Fig. 5 (a) is depicted as the simulation result that three dimensional fluid mechanics emulation centrifugal pump is subjected to cavitation erosion;
Fig. 5 (b) is depicted as the situation that centrifugal pump in kind suffers cavitation erosion;
Fig. 6 represents the shape assumption diagram of the centrifugal pump of the preferred embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 7 represents the structural representation of the centrifugal pump of the preferred embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 8 (a) expression has centrifugal pump now at n=27000rpm, the cross section static pressure distribution under the declared working condition of Qm=10kg/h;
Fig. 8 (b) represents centrifugal pump of the present invention at n=27000rpm, the cross section static pressure distribution under the declared working condition of Qm=10kg/h;
Fig. 9 (a) expression centrifugal pump of the present invention and the voltage rise-Flow characteristics line chart of existing centrifugal pump under the condition of n=9000rpm;
Fig. 9 (b) expression centrifugal pump of the present invention and the voltage rise-Flow characteristics line chart of existing centrifugal pump under the condition of n=18000rpm;
Fig. 9 (c) expression centrifugal pump of the present invention and the voltage rise-Flow characteristics line chart of existing centrifugal pump under the condition of n=23000rpm;
Fig. 9 (d) expression centrifugal pump of the present invention and the voltage rise-Flow characteristics line chart of existing centrifugal pump under the condition of n=27000rpm;
The voltage rise characteristic curve data of Figure 10 (a) expression centrifugal pump of the present invention different flow under the condition of n=9000rpm;
The voltage rise characteristic curve data of Figure 10 (b) expression centrifugal pump of the present invention different flow under the condition of n=18000rpm;
The voltage rise characteristic curve data of Figure 10 (c) expression centrifugal pump of the present invention different flow under the condition of n=23000rpm;
The voltage rise characteristic curve data of Figure 10 (d) expression centrifugal pump of the present invention different flow under the condition of n=27000rpm;
The voltage rise characteristic curve data of Figure 10 (e) expression centrifugal pump of the present invention different flow under the condition of n=30000rpm;
Figure 11 is the voltage rise-Flow characteristics simulation curve figure of centrifugal pump of the present invention under different rotating speeds according to Figure 10.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, a kind of novel high speed fuel oil centrifugal pump of the present invention is described in further detail.
In one embodiment, the present invention with centrifugal pump with following parameter and parameter area as improving object: rotating speed more than 20000r/min, for example be 20000r/min to 30000r/min; Range of flow is 12000～46000kg/h; Inlet pressure is 0.3～1.1MPa; Pressure reduction is 6.0～9.0Mpa, for example for 7.0MPa; Maximum consumption power is 300kW; The centrifugal pump medium is fuel oil, for example is No. 2 aviation kerosines.
The present invention adopts advanced simulation means, advanced emulation mode to carry out the three-dimensional flow field simulation, obtains reliable three-dimensional mathematical model; Reproduce the cavitation in centrifugal pump fault, and analyzed, studied mechanism of cavitation, proposed novel high speed fuel oil centrifugal pump outlet device.Mainly show following four aspects:
The first, advanced simulation means shows and adopts the international advanced software of latest edition: as UG (Unigraphics) NX 4.0, FLUENT, CFX and NUMECA8.6 etc.
Second, advanced emulation mode be embodied in not only set up under the stationary reference frame with the revolution noninertial system under the relative mathematical model that flows in the multi-form pump, also in the multiphase flow model of describing the cavitation erosion operating mode and cavitation erosion model, considered the bubble dynamics model of volume fraction and cavitation erosion quality source item.Utilization mixes the two phase flow model, and introduces the cavitation erosion model, has studied condition and scene that high-speed fuel oil centrifugal pump fuel flow process and cavitation erosion form, and the stable state static-pressure field distributes when obtaining the pressure-flow characteristic curve of pump and non-cavitation erosion operating mode.
Advanced emulation mode also is embodied in and adopts different software FLUENT, CFX and NUMECA to set up and verify that mathematical model do not having cavitation erosion and the correctness of moving under the cavitation erosion situation is arranged.And then through comparing with the test feature and the use result of centrifugal pump, error is in 5%.That has improved the reliability of mathematical model and three-dimensional artificial can be with reference to property, for important foundation has been established in the further application study of centrifugal pump.
The 3rd, the present invention has reproduced high-speed fuel oil centrifugal pump cavitation erosion and has taken place and evolution, has found the condition of reason that the high-speed fuel oil centrifugal pump cavitation erosion produces, characteristics, formation.That is, use many reference systems model to obtain the non-cavitation erosion of stable state flow field, introduce the sliding mesh technology as initial conditions then, add the cavitation erosion model simultaneously the cavitation erosion overall process is carried out dynamic simulation.Simulate well not only that cavity in the pump chamber is nascent, development, the dynamic overall process that disappears, found that dynamic pressure field and air bladder integration count field duration sexual development rule, cause by outlet device.
The 4th, at above-mentioned result of study, the high-speed fuel oil pump discharge after proposing to optimize is revised design proposal.
Find that the pressure lowest point is the suction surface forward position of impeller inlet when the flow field of research pump under declared working condition, according to the principle that cavitation erosion takes place, cavitation and cavitation erosion will at first take place in the utmost point low spot of static pressure, can predict that this will be the nascent point of cavitation erosion.In addition, it is pressure utmost point low spots that the pump volute casing exports to wake flow section inlet channel both sides, also is the incidental position of cavitation erosion.
Velocity distribution as shown in Figure 3, speed utmost point low area occurs in the volute chamber outlet port, it is extremely strong to show as volute chamber outlet port turbulent flow in the tubulence energy of Fig. 4 distributes, especially near the pressure side near the blade in outlet port, the extremely strong point of turbulent flow occurred, these all provide condition for cavitation and cavitation erosion.It can also be seen that from Fig. 4 more intense whirlpool has appearred in the outlet port, fuel flow is obstructed, and fuel oil is difficult to flow out volute chamber " freely ".
Calculated as seen by pressure field, easily " hazardous area " of cavitation erosion is for exporting the impeller inlet of a side near volute casing.
When pressure is reduced to a certain value, can form big cavity directly from the cavitation corrosion of the circumferential occurrence of large-area in impeller center around the center.Volute casing outlet flow both sides also produce the certain limit cavitation erosion, and this and steady state pressure forecast of distribution fit like a glove.Figure 5 shows that the situation that cavitation in centrifugal pump destroys, three dimensional fluid mechanics simulation result shown in visible Fig. 5 (a) and the material object cavitation erosion situation shown in Fig. 5 (b) meet well.
The aforementioned calculation analysis is reached a conclusion: it is unreasonable that the centrifugal pump discharge tube is in the relative position of volute chamber, causes in it flow of fluid unusual, such as producing the separation of flow, and whirlpool, phenomenons such as separations, these have all aggravated the generation of cavitating to a great extent.The present invention has redesigned the Connecting format of the discharge tube and the pump volute of outlet device, and the discharge tube that is about to the outlet device shown in Fig. 1 is connected the level and smooth tangent line that is improved to as shown in Figure 6 and connects with the depression of pump volute.
In another embodiment, centrifugal pump as shown in Figure 7, except the discharge tube of outlet device with the level and smooth tangent line of pump volute is connected, the pump volute chamber is involute shape, reaches the maximum value of involute at the place, exit position.
In order to confirm the correctness of New Centrifugal Pump outlet device, the present invention has carried out three-dimensional feasibility analysis calculating and experimental verification to the high-speed fuel oil centrifugal pump of new outlet scheme.
(1) cavitation in centrifugal pump problem of the present invention is improved
Fig. 8 (a) and Fig. 8 (b) be respectively existing centrifugal pump and centrifugal pump of the present invention at n=27000rpm, Q
mCross section static pressure distribution under the declared working condition of=10kg/h.As can be seen, existing pump has a depression belt of pressing close to wall in the volute chamber exit position, and this zone has covered entire pump outlet and volute chamber outlet wall basically; By contrast, centrifugal pump of the present invention outlet port low pressure area obviously reduces, and the position moves to the running wheel direction, no longer attached on the volute chamber wall.
The skew of this low pressure area has very important effect for the cavitation erosion of avoiding the volute chamber wall, because volute chamber is different with the active wheel material, and opposing cavitation erosion ability difference.Usually the volute chamber periphery is casting, the ability of the anti-cavitation erosion of material, active wheel and volute chamber center surface all have anti-cavitation erosion plated film, therefore the skew of low pressure area makes the cavitation generation area depart from the peripheral wall of volute chamber, near stronger active wheel and the volute chamber center surface of anti-cavitation erosion ability, improved in the life-span of centrifugal pump greatly.
(2) performance of centrifugal pump of the present invention is improved
The present invention also carries out three-dimensional non-cavitation erosion to new outlet scheme high-speed fuel oil centrifugal pump and calculates, and compares its pump characteristics and flow field simultaneously.Novel high speed fuel oil centrifugal pump voltage rise-flow (Δ P-Q
m) characteristic line and former pump characteristics see that relatively wherein simulation model adopts ICEM/CFX equally shown in Fig. 9 (a)～9 (b), physical model, numerical model, boundary conditions are provided with identical.
By Fig. 9 (a)～9 (b) as can be seen, except several points of small flow, no matter be the slow-speed of revolution (the pump startup stage), or higher rotation speed (declared working condition), in the normal flow rate scope, new pump all has greatly improved than the voltage rise of former pump.
(3) centrifugal pump test checking of the present invention
To different rotating speeds, different outgoing quality flow Q
mSimulate, can obtain different voltage rise characteristics, wherein to be centrifugal pump outlet stagnation pressure and centrifugal pump import cross section stagnation pressure according to mass flow rate average poor in voltage rise.Figure 10 (a) to Figure 10 (e) be voltage rise-rating curve data under 5 kinds of different rotating speeds.By Figure 10 (a) to Figure 10 (e) and Figure 11 as can be seen:
1. for same rotating speed, centrifugal pump voltage rise-flow curve of the present invention presents desirable downward opening parabola rule basically, and coincideing of this point and theoretical curve is better.
2. for same flow, rotating speed is high more, and the voltage rise value is big more, and is consistent with pump characteristics.
3. for the problem of the low flow rate condition pressure transient that exists under the low-specific-speed of the present invention, belong to the inherent characteristic of this type of centrifugal pump.
4. simulation result under the rated speed and test result are coincide better.Test voltage rise value is lower slightly to be because of the flow losses of not considering in the emulation between impeller and volute chamber.
To sum up, the outlet design proposal that level and smooth tangent line connects discharge tube and pump volute will effectively suppress the formation of cavitating, and can improve centrifugal pump performance.By mutual verification of multiple computational methods and experimental verification, prove that novel high speed fuel oil centrifugal pump outlet scheme is technical feasible.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to be used for limiting practical range of the present invention; If do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention is made amendment or is equal to replacement, all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. novel high-speed fuel oil centrifugal pump, this centrifugal pump comprises:
The inlet means of side direction,
As the impeller of groundwork part,
The pump volute chamber that above-mentioned impeller is surrounded, and
Be positioned at the outlet device of pump volute chamber one end,
Wherein, above-mentioned outlet device has discharge tube,
It is characterized in that:
Be connected for level and smooth tangent line between above-mentioned discharge tube and the said pump volute chamber.
2. centrifugal pump according to claim 1 is characterized in that the parameter of above-mentioned centrifugal pump is as follows:
Rotating speed is 20000～30000r/min; Range of flow is 12000～46000kg/h; Inlet pressure is 0.3～1.1MPa; Pressure reduction is 6.0～9.0MPa; Maximum consumption power is 300kW.
3. centrifugal pump according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the said pump volute chamber is involute shape.
4. centrifugal pump according to claim 3, the medium that it is characterized in that above-mentioned centrifugal pump is a fuel oil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2009100798684A CN101504014A (en) | 2009-03-13 | 2009-03-13 | Novel high-speed fuel oil centrifugal pump |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2009100798684A CN101504014A (en) | 2009-03-13 | 2009-03-13 | Novel high-speed fuel oil centrifugal pump |
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| CN101504014A true CN101504014A (en) | 2009-08-12 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105545811A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-05-04 | 清华大学 | Booster centrifugal pump with movable steel sleeve |
| CN105626581A (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2016-06-01 | 清华大学 | Stress application centrifugal pump with pressurization hole |
| CN113217403A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-06 | 浙江恒胜机械有限公司 | Quantitative pump |
| CN114251278A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-29 | 湖南凯利特泵业有限公司 | Device and method for observing cavitation condition of water pump impeller based on photoelectric tube |
-
2009
- 2009-03-13 CN CNA2009100798684A patent/CN101504014A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105545811A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-05-04 | 清华大学 | Booster centrifugal pump with movable steel sleeve |
| CN105626581A (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2016-06-01 | 清华大学 | Stress application centrifugal pump with pressurization hole |
| CN113217403A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-06 | 浙江恒胜机械有限公司 | Quantitative pump |
| CN114251278A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-29 | 湖南凯利特泵业有限公司 | Device and method for observing cavitation condition of water pump impeller based on photoelectric tube |
| CN114251278B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-12-08 | 湖南凯利特泵业有限公司 | Device and method for observing cavitation condition of water pump impeller based on photoelectric tube |
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Open date: 20090812 |