CN101499805A - Method for encoding, decoding and apparatus for encoding, decoding - Google Patents
Method for encoding, decoding and apparatus for encoding, decoding Download PDFInfo
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- CN101499805A CN101499805A CNA2008100067970A CN200810006797A CN101499805A CN 101499805 A CN101499805 A CN 101499805A CN A2008100067970 A CNA2008100067970 A CN A2008100067970A CN 200810006797 A CN200810006797 A CN 200810006797A CN 101499805 A CN101499805 A CN 101499805A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coding and decoding method and a coding and decoding device; wherein, the method comprises the following steps: specific data information is added into a data block; coding is carried out to the data block added with the specific data information and the coded data block comprises information bit and check bit; and rate matching is carried out to the coded data block so as to lead the coding rate to reach a preset target value. The invention effectively improves the frame error rate and bit error rate of the system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coding, coding/decoding method and coded system and decoding device.
Background technology
Systematic code is widely used in existing communication system.Characteristics of so-called systematic code are: the bit in the systematic code can be divided into the information area and check field, and promptly information bit position and check bit interdigit can distinguish mutually.The exemplary systems sign indicating number comprises as Turbo code also having (Convolutional Turbo Code, the CTCs) such as CTC sign indicating numbers that extend and based on Turbo code.
In the prior art, send to receiving terminal after multichannel original data block process systematic code (as the Turbo code) encoder encodes; Receiving terminal obtains the multichannel data piece after receiving data, and a plurality of data blocks adopt the decoding technique corresponding with transmitting terminal respectively, obtain the multichannel original data block.Transmitting terminal adopts multiplex technique with the multiplexing receiving terminal that sends to of a plurality of data blocks together usually, receiving terminal by corresponding demultiplexing technical point from each data block.So-called multiplexing, briefly be exactly that each road signal is sent to the other side by same wired or wireless transmission medium, make them revert to original signal with the demultiplexing technology again the other side, thereby reach multiplexed purpose.Multiplex techniques such as that common multiplex technique has living space is multiplexing, channeling, time-multiplexed, sign indicating number resource multiplex, wavelength division multiplexing.Certainly, a plurality of data blocks also can not adopt multiplex technique that a plurality of data blocks are sent to receiving terminal, and for example, a plurality of data blocks send to receiving terminal by a plurality of different medium (as many twisted-pair feeders) or channels.
For convenience of explanation, below be example with typical MIMO (Multiple-InputMultiple-Output) system in the space multiplexing technique, the encoding process process is described.
At first, at transmitting terminal, be example by the process of the multiplexing transmission of on same frequency resource, carrying out of mimo system with the individual data block of K (K for more than or equal to 1 positive integer), illustrate mimo system in the encoding and decoding processing procedure.
As shown in Figure 1, the individual data block of K (K is the positive integer more than or equal to 1) is respectively through the Turbo coding, and the data block (being called " encoding block ") behind the Turbo coding is carried out modulation treatment after handling through rate-matched.Then, K encoding block carries out the preliminary treatment of MIMO, is about to K encoding block and is mapped to respectively on the different antennas, and then transmit.When K=1, this Launching Model is called as single codeword (Signal-Codeword) transmission; When K 〉=2, this Launching Model is become many code words (Multiple-Codeword) transmission mode.Use multiplex technique K to be at least 2, will realize promptly that also described multiplex technique need use in many codeword transmission pattern.
With reference to Fig. 2, after the receiving terminal received signal, at first separate each the road signal that receives, to reach the purpose of extracting each road signal by signal detection technique; Each the road signal that receives after handling is separated mediation Turbo decode procedure respectively.
Described signal detection technique comprises: least mean-square error (Linear MinimumMean-Squared Error, L-MMSE), ZF (Zero-Forcing, ZF), Maximum Likelihood Detection (Maximum Likelihood Detection, MLD), serial interference elimination (SuccessiveInterference Cancellation, SIC), parallel interference eliminate (Parallel InterferenceCancellation, SIC) etc.Above-mentioned signal detection technique can be united wherein two or more of use.
Wherein, relate to the Turbo encoding and decoding technique in the above-mentioned mimo system, Turbo coding principle and Turbo decoding principle are described respectively with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
Provided the general structure of Turbo code encoder among Fig. 3.D among the figure
kBe that the coded data piece is carried out in input, adding the effect of trailing bit is to make after a data block encoding finishes, the register that guarantees constituent encoder is got back to all-zero state, such Turbo code just is equal to linear block codes, thereby, its performance is estimated and analysis by the decoding performance upper bound that the characteristic of analyzing this class block code is calculated Turbo code.First output X in the encoder
kIt is the bit of trailing of input information bits and adding.Input information bits sends into the 1st, 2 with trailing respectively after bit interweaves through interleaver ..., M encoder encoded, and obtains M verification output sequence y
1, y
2..., y
M, this M verification sequence is through after the compression (to obtain different code rates) of canceller, with information sequence X
kAfter parallel/serial conversion and modulation, send together.
Usually the encoder of Turbo code is formed by the interleaver parallel cascade by two encoders.Promptly for each input information bits, encoder is exported two check bits, if without compression, then total code rate is 1/3.In theory, can weave into the Turbo code of arbitrary bit rate.
The coded portion of Turbo code is formed (i.e. 1/3 code rate) by two sub-encoders, also just mutually two sub-decoders should be arranged in its decoding part.As shown in Figure 4, generally speaking, two sub-decoders can adopt multi-stage cascade structure.Because the information bit of second sub-encoders of Turbo code is output not, the information sequence that second sub-decoder can only utilize first sub-decoder to translate is deciphered.The decoder operation principle is as follows: because receiving sequence is a serial data, at first will carry out the serial/parallel conversion of data, simultaneously the bit of deletion be filled out " dummy bits " (as 0).Will be through the X after the serial/parallel conversion
k, y
1kSend into sub-decoder 1 decoding, and produce about d
kImproved external information Λ
1e(d
k), the external information of sub-decoder output is the soft information of prior probability.Because decoder 1 is not used the verification sequence y that may improve posterior probability
2kSo the output of decoder 1 is only imported as the prior information of decoder 2 in the back that interweaves, and can not be as the judgement to information sequence.With X
kAnd Λ
1e(d
k) back that interweaves is as the soft input of sub-decoder 2, sub-decoder 2 according to decoding algorithm to X
k, Λ
1e(d
k) and y
2kWith producing the improved external information Λ of information bit once more with the same method of sub-decoder 1
2e(d
k), after deinterleaving, obtain
(d
k) as the prior information of sub-decoder in the next iteration 1.Like this after iteration repeatedly, the soft information of posterior probability that sub-decoder 1 or sub-decoder 2 produce is carried out hard decision, usually the soft information Λ of posterior probability that sub-decoder 2 is produced
2(d
j) carry out hard decision, obtain each information bit d
kValuation
The inventor is carrying out finding in the research process that the inventor thinks that power system capacity also has the space that further promotes to prior art.
Summary of the invention
Embodiment of the invention purpose is to improve systematic function.
For realizing described goal of the invention, the coding that the embodiment of the invention provided is used for respectively the coding of a plurality of data blocks, and this method is achieved through the following technical solutions: add specific data information in data block; The data block that adds specific data information is encoded, and the data block behind the coding comprises information bit position and check bit position; Data block behind the coding is carried out the desired value that rate-matched makes code rate reach to preset.
Wherein, the described specific data information that adds in the data block that gets access to is specially: add the data message in other one or more data blocks in described data block.Described coding is specially the CTC coding of Turbo coding or extension Turbo coding.
Preferably, describedly data block behind the coding is carried out the desired value that rate-matched makes code rate reach to preset be specially: the bit of all or part of specific data information correspondence in the deletion information bit position; Or/and the bit of the data message correspondence outside the specific data information described in the deletion information bit position.And described code rate coupling further comprises punches to the check bit position.
The coding/decoding method that the embodiment of the invention provided is achieved through the following technical solutions: acquisition is through receiving a plurality of data blocks that obtain after the processing; Described data block is separated rate-matched, comprising: the bit that in the information bit position of described data block, is added on the data message correspondence of being deleted when code device carries out rate-matched; Decipher separating a plurality of data blocks that obtain after the rate-matched, comprising: the bit of the data message institute correspondence position that data block is added in code device merges; The described data message that comprises in the data block that deletion decoding back obtains.
Wherein, described merging is specially: the soft information to the described correspondence position of the output of one-level sub-decoder at least merges, and as the input of next stage sub-decoder; Perhaps, the soft information of the described correspondence position that at least one data block obtains after decoding is carried out next stage decoding afterwards with other data block merging.
The described rate-matched of separating further comprises check bit position filling dummy bits.
The decoding device that the embodiment of the invention provided is achieved through the following technical solutions, and is used for respectively the coding of a plurality of data blocks is comprised: data pretreatment unit, coding unit, rate-matched unit; Wherein: the data pretreatment unit is used for adding specific data information in data block; Coding unit is used for the data block that adds specific data information is encoded, and the data block behind the coding comprises information bit position and check bit position; The rate-matched unit is used for the data block behind the coding is carried out the desired value that rate-matched makes code rate reach to preset.
The rate-matched unit describedly carries out the desired value that rate-matched makes code rate reach to preset to the data block behind the coding and is specially: the bit of all or part of specific data information correspondence in the deletion information bit position; Or/and the bit of the data message correspondence outside the specific data information described in the deletion information bit position.Described code rate coupling further comprises punches to the check bit position.
The decoding device that the embodiment of the invention provided is achieved through the following technical solutions, comprise: receive processing unit, separate rate-matched unit, decoding unit, separate the data pretreatment unit, wherein: receive processing unit, be used for a plurality of data blocks that receive are handled, thereby obtain each data block; Separate the rate-matched unit, be used for separating rate-matched, comprising: the bit that in the information bit position of described data block, is added on the specific data information correspondence of being deleted when code device carries out rate-matched receiving the data block that obtains after the processing; Decoding unit is used for deciphering separating a plurality of data blocks that obtain after the rate-matched, comprising: the bit of the data message institute correspondence position that data block is added in code device merges; Separate the data pretreatment unit, be used for deleting the described specific data information that the data block of acquisition comprises after deciphering.
Wherein, described merging is specially: the soft information to the described correspondence position of the output of one-level sub-decoder at least merges, and as the input of next stage sub-decoder; Perhaps, the soft information of at least one data block described correspondence position of obtaining after decoding merges with other data block and as the input of next stage decoding
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention program introduces information in advance on the different coding piece of transmitting terminal, joint decoding when receiving terminal Turbo deciphers, and then improved the performance of system effectively.The present invention program proves that by computer simulation the frame error rate of system is relative with bit error rate to significantly decrease with existing system.Further, the present invention does not need the change of the emitting structural of existing system can obviously improving on the basis of many codeword transmission systematic function, has tangible technical advantage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a prior art mimo system sending end structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a prior art mimo system receiving terminal structural representation;
Fig. 3 is existing Turbo coded system structural representation;
Fig. 4 is existing Turbo decode system structural representation;
Fig. 5 is a coding method embodiment flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a coding/decoding method embodiment flow chart of the present invention;
Figure 7 shows that code device structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 8 is two encoding block schematic diagrames that the embodiment of the invention adopted;
Fig. 9 is an embodiment of the invention decoding device structural representation;
Figure 10 is the 1st embodiment Turbo decoding unit of a present invention joint decoding schematic diagram;
Figure 11 is the 2nd embodiment Turbo decoding unit of a present invention joint decoding schematic diagram;
Figure 12 is the 3rd embodiment Turbo decoding unit of a present invention joint decoding schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the invention purpose is to provide a kind of coding, coding/decoding method and coding, decoding device.Be intended to further improve the performance of communication system.
The core concept of the inventive method is: a plurality of data blocks (suppose to have K data block, the positive integer of K 〉=2) at first after the data preliminary treatment, carries out encoding process, data behind the coding are carried out rate-matched and are handled, each data block after the rate-matched is encoded respectively, sends to receiving terminal behind the coding.After receiving terminal received data, a plurality of data blocks that at first receive were separated rate-matched and are handled, and then, carry out the Turbo joint decoding and handle, and separate preliminary treatment and obtain a plurality of data block information.
With reference to Fig. 5 coding method embodiment of the present invention is described.
Step 51: data preliminary treatment, described pretreatment operation mode is: the information bit that adds the part or all of data block of other one or more data blocks in some or a plurality of data block information, for example (add the one piece of data in K-1 the data block except that the notebook data piece in the data block of 1≤k≤K) at k, this segment data can be 0 length, also can be the overall length of other data, also can be a part.
Step 52: through encoding after the data preliminary treatment, the present invention can adopt the coding method of any systematic code, and (characteristics of described systematic code are: the bit in the systematic code can be divided into the information area and check field, be that information bit position and check bit position can be distinguished), for example the Turbo that in this paper following examples, is lifted, the present invention program is equally applicable to other Code And Decode of deriving out based on Turbo, employed CTC (Convolutional Turbo Code, CTC) etc. in the IEEE802.16e agreement for example.
For systematic code, the coding back generates information bit district and check bit district, wherein, owing in the data preprocessing process of step 51, (add the one piece of data in K-1 the data block except that the k data block in the data block of 1≤k≤K) at k, therefore, the information bit district behind the coding comprises the information bit of k data block and the information bit in described K-1 the data block except that the k data block; Check bit is based on then that information bit generates, so check bit is based on information generation in the information of k data block and K-1 the data block except that k data block.
Step 53: rate-matched is handled.Described rate-matched is handled, and is used to change coded speed.For example, the Turbo code rate is 1/3, after the punching that rate-matched is handled is handled, 1/3 code check can be increased to 1/2; Certainly, also can after the reprocessing of rate-matched, 1/3 code check be reduced to 1/4.The code check of a described k encoding block after rate-matched can be identical, also can be different.
In embodiments of the present invention, the method that realizes rate-matched is, for the information bit position, delete partly or entirely (information bit of other data block that preferably whole deletions are added) of the information bit of described other data block of in the notebook data piece, adding, or/and the bit of the partial data information correspondence outside the specific data information described in the deletion information bit position, the partial bit position of promptly former data block information correspondence; For the check bit position, the deletion check bit.For example, for k data block, the then information bit in K-1 the data block of deletion except that k data block behind coding, and further deletion check bit, the desired value that makes rate-matched reach to preset gets final product.Wherein, the setting of described desired value can be formulated according to real needs.
Step 54: can send processing after finishing above-mentioned rate-matched.Send to handle and to include but not limited to that multiplexing process, described multiplexing process include but not limited to multiplex techniques such as spatial reuse, channeling, time-multiplexed, sign indicating number resource multiplex, wavelength division multiplexing.
With reference to Fig. 6, coding/decoding method embodiment of the present invention is described.
Step 61: at first the data that receive are received processing.Receive processing and include but not limited to the demultiplexing processing, described multiplexing process is the inverse operation of multiplexing process.
Step 62: separate rate-matched and handle, corresponding with the rate adaptation operating of transmitting terminal.
Mentioned above, owing to carry out carrying out when rate-matched is handled deletion action at transmitting terminal.Therefore when receiving terminal is separated the rate-matched processing, add suitable data in the delete position.Concrete, the corresponding data of other data block that in the notebook data piece, adds at first, described other data block comes to receive handles the data block that obtains after the operation; And then described corresponding data is meant at those and receives the information bit of handling those deleted described other data blocks when transmitting terminal carries out rate-matched in the data block that obtains after the operation; Further, if the transmitting terminal rate-matched has been carried out the operation of deletion check bit when handling, then when separating the rate-matched processing, fill out " dummy bits " (as 0) at the bit of deletion.
Step 63: joint decoding.
With Turbo is example, and described joint decoding processing procedure is as follows: carry out the Turbo joint decoding through K the data block of separating after rate-matched is handled.At least comprise following two kinds of modes of operation during the operation of Turbo joint decoding: 1) the soft information of the ad-hoc location of every grade of sub-decoder output merges processing in each Turbo decoder; 2) the soft information of at least one data block ad-hoc location of obtaining after decoding, further decoding again after merging with other data block.The position of the data message correspondence in one or more data blocks that the ad-hoc location described in the dual mode all refers to add before coding.
For aforesaid operations mode 1, if each Turbo decoder is made of N level sub-decoder, can or multistagely merge processing to one-level when merging so, (1≤n≤N) level merges processing also promptly can to select n.The explanation in the decoding device that vide infra of concrete mode.
Step 64: separate the data preliminary treatment, carry out joint decoding after, describedly separate the data preliminary treatment, be used for deleting the information of other data block that the notebook data block message comprises.Be about to join k the data deletion in the data block of the K-1 in the data block, to restore k data block.
Below specify code device structure of the present invention and decoding apparatus structure.
Following examples are that the basis describes with mimo system; And, suppose that the encoder that is adopted is the Turbo encoder.Yet this paper also is not intended to be limited to mimo system, and to be not intended to the encoder that restriction adopted be the Turbo encoder.
The transmitting terminal that code device of the present invention is put, before the Turbo coding, a plurality of data code block that are about to emission are carried out preliminary treatment, make all or part of information that comprises other encoding blocks except that this encoding block internal information in each encoding block, carry out processes such as Turbo coding, rate-matched, modulation and MIMO preliminary treatment through pretreated information respectively.
The receiving terminal that decoding device of the present invention is put, at first carry out input and separate each road information, carry out demodulation respectively, separate the rate-matched processing, when the data after separating rate-matched are carried out Turbo decoding, multichannel data is cooperated mutually and is finished decode procedure, is different from the processing procedure of the single channel data difference Turbo decoding in the existing scheme.
For the ease of setting forth, be that example describes with many codeword transmission situation of K=2, the present invention program is not limited only to many code words situation of K=2, is equally applicable to K〉situation of code word more than 2.
Figure 7 shows that code device structural representation of the present invention.As shown in the figure, described code device comprises: data pretreatment unit 71, Turbo coding unit 72, rate-matched unit 73, modulating unit 74 and MIMO pretreatment unit 75.
In following examples, suppose to have the encoding block of two transmissions to pass through preliminary treatment respectively after, carry out Turbo coding, rate-matched, modulation and MIMO preliminary treatment.
Wherein, the function of described data pretreatment unit can realize in the following manner:
Suppose that two encoding blocks of transmission are respectively { a
1, a
2..., a
MAnd { b
1, b
2..., b
N.Wherein M and N represent the size of two encoding blocks 1 and encoding block 2 respectively, and M and N can be identical, also can be different.Typically, get M=N, I=J, as shown in Figure 8.Pre-treatment step is as follows:
(0≤I≤N) data bit of length (being called for short " interpolation bit ") mixes with the data in the encoding block 1 to get I in encoding block 2.The mixed method that present embodiment is adopted is that the data-bit-group of adding in bit and the encoding block 1 constitutes { a
1, a
2..., a
M, b
1, b
2..., b
l, carry out carrying out the Turbo coding after the interleaving treatment according to the specific pattern that interweaves.Wherein, choose the data bit information of I length in the encoding block 2 and choose,, can notify receiving terminal, also can make an appointment by transmitting terminal no matter be described pattern or the described selection pattern of interweaving according to necessarily choosing pattern.Certainly, described interleaving treatment can not wanted yet.
Similarly, (0≤J≤M) data bit information of length (being called for short " interpolation bit ") is mixed with the data in the encoding block 2 to get J in encoding block 1.The mixed method that present embodiment is adopted is that the data-bit-group of adding in bit and the encoding block 2 constitutes { b
1, b
2..., b
N, a
1, a
2..., a
J, carry out carrying out the Turbo coding after the interleaving treatment according to the specific pattern that interweaves.Wherein, the data bit information of choosing J length in the encoding block 1 is chosen according to necessarily choosing pattern.No matter be described pattern or the described selection pattern of interweaving, can notify receiving terminal by transmitting terminal, also can make an appointment.Certainly, described interleaving treatment can not wanted yet.
The data pretreatment unit to the preliminary treatment of finishing data after, promptly carry out Turbo coding.
Described rate-matched unit carries out the rate-matched processing to the data block of finishing after Turbo encodes.The purpose of rate-matched is that described rate-matched handles, and is used to change coded speed, and the desired value that makes rate-matched reach to preset gets final product.Wherein, the setting of described desired value can be formulated according to real needs.
The method that realizes rate-matched is, for the information bit position, delete partly or entirely (information bit of other data block that preferably whole deletions are added) of the information bit of described other data block of in the notebook data piece, adding, or/and the bit of the partial data information correspondence outside the specific data information described in the deletion information bit position, the partial bit position of promptly former data block information correspondence; For the check bit position, the deletion check bit.
Wherein, described desired value can also can change so that remain unchanged in the Turbo code rate that adds " interpolation bit " front and back.As preferred setting, the desired value that described rate-matched is handled can be set to guarantee remain unchanged in the code rate that adds before and after " interpolation bit ", to guarantee to add " interpolation bit " system resource outside the occupying volume not behind the Turbo coding.
Specifically in the present embodiment, the Turbo code rate of supposing two data block correspondences is respectively R
1(0＜R
1＜1) and R
2(0＜R
2＜1), R
1With R
2Can be the same or different.Now do not change and be the process of example explanation punch operation with each Turbo coding back code rate:
To the punch operation of data block 1 correspondence, need the bit number of deletion to be
According to the processing of punching of specific deletion pattern, when
When being not integer, right
Do and round processing.Typical hole knockout for punching remove I " interpolation bit " and
Individual check bit.
In like manner, to the punch operation of data block 2 correspondences, need the bit number of deletion to be
According to the processing of punching of specific deletion pattern, when
When being not integer, right
Do and round processing.Typical hole knockout for punching remove J " interpolation bit " and
Individual check bit.
Finish the data block of rate-matched and carry out modulation treatment, be used to realize modulation treatment data by modulating unit.Described K modulation treatment mode can be identical, also can be different
The MIMO pretreatment unit that data block after modulation is finished is sent to carries out the MIMO preliminary treatment.The function of described MIMO pretreatment unit can comprise following several: 1) transparent processing, promptly the signal that will send is not done any processing, and signal is directly from antenna transmission.For example, K encoding block maps directly on K the antenna and launches by after modulating; 2) precoding (Precoding) is handled, and promptly to sending signal times with a weighting matrix, and then is mapped on the physical layer transmitting antenna and launches.For example, K encoding block is mapped to M behind pre-coding matrix W
TOn the individual transmitting antenna, wherein K and M
TCan be identical, also can be different; 3) Space Time Coding promptly uses the Space Time Coding technology to the signal that sends.Above-mentioned 3 kinds of tupes can one or more mix use, as after precoding processing, can also carry out Space Time Coding to data and handle.
Described Space Time Coding technology comprises transmit diversity techniques and space multiplexing technique.Typical transmit diversity techniques has STBC (Space Time Block Coding, space-time block code) and space-time/frequency block code (SFBC, Space-frequency block coding).Wherein, typical STBC coding is the Alamouti coding, introduces phase deviation (PSD, Phase shift diversity, perhaps CDD, Cyclic delay diversity) in addition on different antennas.The typical space multiplex technique is as the BLAST coding of Bell Laboratory.The Space Time Coding technology is including but not limited to above-mentioned coding techniques.
Figure 9 shows that embodiment of the invention decoding device structural representation.As shown in the figure, described decoding device comprises: separate data pretreatment unit 91, Turbo joint decoding unit 92, separate rate-matched unit 93, modulating unit 94 and detecting signal unit 95.
Wherein, after the receiving terminal received signal, at first by each road signal of the signal detection technique separation multiplexing of detecting signal unit 95.
Described signal detection technique comprises: least mean-square error (Linear Minimum Mean-SquaredError, L-MMSE), ZF (Zero-Forcing, ZF), Maximum Likelihood Detection (Maximum LikelihoodDetection, MLD), serial interference elimination (Successive Interference Cancellation, SIC), parallel interference eliminate (Parallel Interference Cancellation, SIC) etc.Above-mentioned signal detection technique can be united wherein two or more of use.
Each road signal behind the demultiplexing enters demodulating unit 94 respectively and carries out the soft information data that demodulation obtains K decoding block.
The soft information data of the K that obtains after a demodulation decoding block is separated rate-matched.Described function of separating the rate-matched unit is used for adding the corresponding information of removing with punching when code device carries out rate-matched.The processing procedure position that it is concrete: add information deleted or that be perforated and comprise two parts content, part 1 is in code device, the data message of some or all of other K-1 deleted decoding block correspondence in the rate-matched unit, part 2 are the check informations of punching deletion in code device.Be added on the information of deleting when carrying out rate-matched in the code device according to the position corresponding with transmitting terminal deletion pattern.Described deletion punching pattern is perhaps made an appointment by signaling transmitting terminal notice receiving terminal.
Illustrate, for the situation of two encoding blocks of K=2, correspondingly receiving terminal has 2 decoding block information.Described decoding block information is separated rate-matched when handling, the information of going into I decoding block 2 at decoding block 1 message interpolation with
The check bit information of deletion during individual the punching.The chosen position of the information of a described I decoding block 2 is consistent with the selection pattern of transmitting terminal, this selection pattern by transmitting terminal by the signaling receiving terminal or make an appointment.Described soft message interpolation at decoding block 1 is gone into the concrete insertion position of the soft information of I decoding block 2 and is determined by the deletion pattern of transmitting terminal, this deletion pattern by transmitting terminal by the signaling receiving terminal or make an appointment.Same method, in separating encoding block 2, insert J information of separating encoding block 1 and
Individual check digit information.Typically, fill
With
Individual check information is generally complete 0.Concrete 0 the position of adding determined by the punching pattern of transmitting terminal, described drawing information by transmitting terminal by the signaling receiving terminal or make an appointment.
Turbo joint decoding unit is used for the data block of separating the output of rate-matched unit is carried out decode operation.The core concept that described Turbo joint decoding is handled is: at first will carry out the serial/parallel conversion of data.Afterwards, the same section of the data message that the one or more sub-decoders in a plurality of sub-decoders corresponding in K the Turbo decoder are exported merges the row iteration of going forward side by side processing.
When being multichannel data, comprise multistage decoding unit in the described joint decoder, among the present invention, should guarantee at least the soft information of the ad-hoc location of the output of one-level decoding unit is at least merged; Preferably, the soft information of the ad-hoc location of decoding unit outputs at different levels all merges respectively in each Turbo decoder.The position of the data message correspondence in one or more data blocks that described ad-hoc location refers to add before coding.
For example, be encoded to example explanation joint decoding process with two encoding blocks and 1/3 code rate Turbo.Suppose, separate rate-matched after, the information representation of separating encoding block 1 is X, the information representation of separating encoding block 2 is Y.At first to carry out the serial/parallel conversion of data, be expressed as X={X
S, X
1, X
2And Y={Y
S, Y
1, Y
2.Wherein, X
SAnd Y
SThe system information data of encoding block 1 and 2, { X are separated in expression respectively
1, X
2And { Y
1, Y
2Respectively expression separate the check information data of encoding block 1 and 2.Because the Turbo code of 1/3 encoding rate when encoding process, is not handled through the compression of canceller, when decoding, need not to fill the operation of " dummy bits ".
With reference to Figure 10, specify the 1st kind of embodiment processing mode of two Turbo decoding unit joint decodings:
Step 1:{X
S, X
1And { Y
S, Y
1Send into sub-decoder 1X and sub-decoder 1Y decoding respectively, and produce about X and the improved external information Λ of Y
1Xe(X) and Λ
1Ye(Y), described external information is the soft information of prior probability about X and Y.
Step 2: Λ
1Xe(X) and Λ
1Ye(Y) respectively through producing after the interleaver interleaving treatment
With
Step 3:
In select I length external information with
In the external information of corresponding I length merge and obtain
The particular location of the external information of the interior I length of selecting selects the information bit pattern of I length to determine that described pattern, is perhaps made an appointment by the signaling receiving terminal by transmitting terminal in encoding block 2 by transmitting terminal.
In like manner, exist
In select J length external information with
The external information of the J length of interior correspondence merges processing and obtains
The particular location of the interior J length external information of selecting selects the information bit pattern of J length to determine that described pattern, is perhaps made an appointment by the signaling receiving terminal by transmitting terminal in encoding block 1 by transmitting terminal.
What specify is that the described merging in the step 3 is handled and also can be carried out before the interleaving treatment in step 2.
Step 4:
With
Respectively as sub-decoder 2X and sub-decoder 2Y input.Sub-decoder 2X is right respectively according to decoding algorithm
With producing the improved external information Λ of information bit once more with the same method of sub-decoder 1X
2Xe(X), after deinterleaving, obtain
In like manner, sub-decoder 2Y is right respectively according to decoding algorithm
With producing the improved external information Λ of information bit once more with the same method of sub-decoder 1Y
2Ye(Y), after deinterleaving, obtain
Step 5:
In select I length external information with
The external information of the I length of interior correspondence merges processing and obtains
Prior information as sub-decoder 1X in the next iteration.
The particular location of the external information of the interior I length of selecting selects the information bit pattern of I length to determine that described pattern, is perhaps made an appointment by the signaling receiving terminal by transmitting terminal in encoding block 2 by transmitting terminal.
In like manner, exist
In select J length external information with
The external information of the J length of interior correspondence merges processing and obtains
Prior information as sub-decoder 1Y in the next iteration.
The particular location of the interior J length external information of selecting selects the information bit pattern of J length to determine that described pattern, is perhaps made an appointment by the signaling receiving terminal by transmitting terminal in encoding block 1 by transmitting terminal.
What specify is that the described merging in the step 5 is handled and also can be carried out before deinterleaving.
Step 6: after iteration repeatedly, the soft information Λ of output posterior probability that sub-decoder 2X is produced
2X(X) carry out hard decision after the deinterleaving, obtain the valuation of each information bit
Described
Not only comprised X in the estimated value
S, and comprised Y
SThe estimated value of I length information bit.In like manner, the soft information Λ of output posterior probability that sub-decoder 2Y is produced
2Y(Y) carry out hard decision after the deinterleaving, obtain the valuation of each information bit
Described
Not only comprised Y in the estimated value
S, and comprised X
SThe estimated value of J length information bit.
Separate the data pretreatment unit, the data after the decoding are separated the data preliminary treatment, obtain decoded data message at last.Concrete, through the data message of Turbo decoding
With
Separate the data pretreatment operation.The described data pretreatment operation of separating comprises that deinterleaving is handled and the operation of deletion " interpolation bit ".Concrete,
With
At first carry out deinterleaving and handle, afterwards deletion " interpolation bit ".Described deinterleaving is handled the employed pattern that interweaves and is determined by the transmitting terminal information bit employed pattern that interweaves that interweaves, by transmitting terminal by the signaling receiving terminal or make an appointment.
In the Turbo of the foregoing description joint decoding unit, the union operation of step 3 and step 5 is not essential step, and promptly the union operation of step 3 and step 5 one of can be selected to carry out.Be among the present invention, should guarantee at least the identical external information of one-level decoding unit output is at least merged.Preferentially, in the foregoing description, when carrying out Turbo decoding, comprised the union operation of step 3 and step 5 in the lump.
As shown in figure 10, before the first order merges processing, carried out interleaving treatment, yet merging of the present invention is handled and also can be carried out before interleaving treatment; Same, as shown in figure 10, the second level merges to handle understands interleaving treatment before, however this merging is handled and also can be carried out before deinterleaving.
Above embodiment is that example is illustrated technical solution of the present invention with two decoders, if the decoding device of receiving terminal has a plurality of decoders, for example K Turbo decoder has N sub-decoder in each decoder.In the union operation of above-mentioned steps 3 and step 5, the external information of each the sub-decoder output in each Turbo decoder is when carrying out union operation so, and the information that merge may also comprise the soft information from other K-1 sub-decoder output.
With reference to Figure 11, specify the 2nd kind of embodiment processing mode of two Turbo decoding unit joint decodings:
Step 1: through after separating rate-matched, the soft information X={X of decoding block 1
S, X
1, X
2, at first by the 1st Turbo decoding unit, after handling, decoding obtains the valuation of each information bit
External information with specific data information
Described
Not only comprised X in the estimated value
S, and comprised Y
SThe estimated value of I length information bit; Described specific data information is specially: the data message in other one or more data blocks that comprise in the 1st decoding block.In the present embodiment, described external information
For length in the decoding block 2 that comprises in decoding block 1 is the information of I.
Step 2: the external information of the 1st Turbo decoding unit output
Merge with the information of separating the ad-hoc location among the encoding block Y.Described ad-hoc location selects the information bit pattern of I length to determine that described pattern, is perhaps made an appointment by the signaling receiving terminal by transmitting terminal in encoding block 2 by transmitting terminal.
Step 3: the information after step 2 merges enters the 2nd Turbo decoding unit and deciphers, and obtains the valuation of each information bit after decoding is handled
External information with specific data information
Described
Not only comprised Y in the estimated value
S, and comprised X
SThe described total data of estimated value of J length information bit not only comprise the data of the 2nd data block in decoding back, but also comprised the information of the 1st data block that adds; Described specific data information is specially, the data message in other one or more data blocks that comprise in the 2nd decoding block.
If decoding end is more than two Turbo decoding units, the external information of the customizing messages of the 2nd decoder output and the 3rd data block get soft information and merge so, decipher afterwards again.The rest may be inferred.
With reference to Figure 12, specify the 3rd kind of embodiment processing mode of two Turbo decoding unit joint decodings.The core concept of this processing mode is that the external information of the specific data information of the 1st Turbo decoding output also can merge with the external information that the one or more sub-decoders in the 2nd the Turbo decoding unit are exported.Concrete steps are:
Step 1: through after separating rate-matched, the soft information X={X of decoding block 1
S, X
1, X
2, at first by the 1st Turbo decoding unit, after handling, decoding obtains the valuation of each information bit
External information with specific data information
Described
Not only comprised X in the estimated value
S, and comprised Y
SThe estimated value of I length information bit; Described specific data information is specially: the data message in other one or more data blocks that comprise in the 1st decoding block.In the present embodiment, described external information
For length in the decoding block 2 that comprises in decoding block 1 is the information of I.
Step 2: the external information of the 1st Turbo decoding unit output
Merge (abbreviating " merging 1 " as) with the information of the ad-hoc location of the external information of the first order sub-decoder of the 2nd Turbo decoder output.In like manner, the external information of the 1st Turbo decoding unit output
Merge with the information of the ad-hoc location of the external information of the second level sub-decoder output of the 2nd Turbo decoder and to abbreviate " merging 2 " as).This embodiment can merge 1 and merge 2 and handle simultaneously, also can select one of them to handle.Described ad-hoc location selects the information bit pattern of I length to determine that described pattern, is perhaps made an appointment by the signaling receiving terminal by transmitting terminal in encoding block 2 by transmitting terminal.
Step 3: the data after merging are further carried out iterative processing.
If decoding end is more than two Turbo decoding units, the external information of the customizing messages of the 2nd decoder output and the 3rd data block get soft information and merge so, decipher afterwards again.The rest may be inferred.
Specify that the present invention also is not intended to limit decode block decoding order.Promptly also can at first carry out the decoding of the 2nd Turbo decoder, carry out the decoding of the 1st Turbo decoder again.The rest may be inferred.
Above embodiment only is illustrated implementation of the present invention with Turbo code, yet, this programme not only is applied to existing conventional Turbo code situation, be equally applicable to the distortion coding of Turbo coding, as employed CTC in the IEEE802.16e agreement (Convolutional Turbo Code, CTC).The bright scheme of we is applicable to any Code And Decode situation that information bit and check bit can be distinguished after the chnnel coding.
Among the above embodiment, adding out of Memory behind the Turbo coding, information and part check information that correspondence adds are being deleted, thereby guaranteed that code rate is constant.Promptly in the above-described embodiments in the code device rate-matched reached presets desired value and be provided so that in the Turbo code rate that adds before and after " interpolation bit " and remain unchanged.Yet the present invention is equally applicable to the situation of code rate variation, and promptly less check bit information is deleted in the coding back, to improve decoding performance.Certainly, also can delete more check bit information, to improve code rate.In a word, among the present invention and unintentionally the desired value that is provided with in the described rate-matched processing is limited, this value can be set as required.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, with respect to existing mimo system, the present invention program introduces information in advance on the different coding piece of the transmitting terminal of existing mimo system, joint decoding when receiving terminal Turbo deciphers, and then improved the performance of mimo system effectively.The present invention program proves that by computer simulation relative with bit error rate and the existing mimo system of the frame error rate of system significantly decreases.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step that realizes in the foregoing description method is to instruct relevant hardware to finish by program, described program can be stored in a kind of computer-readable recording medium, the described storage medium of mentioning can be a read-only memory, disk or CD etc.
More than a kind of coding provided by the present invention, coding/decoding method and coding, decoding device are described in detail, for one of ordinary skill in the art, thought according to the embodiment of the invention, part in specific embodiments and applications all can change, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (19)
1, a kind of coding method is used for respectively the coding of a plurality of data blocks be is characterized in that:
In data block, add specific data information;
The data block that adds specific data information is encoded, and the data block behind the coding comprises information bit position and check bit position;
Data block behind the coding is carried out the desired value that rate-matched makes code rate reach to preset.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the described specific data information that adds in the data block that gets access to is specially:
In described data block, add the data message in other data blocks.
3, method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that:
Described coding is specially the CTC coding of Turbo coding or extension Turbo coding.
4, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described method also comprises:
The data block that obtains after a plurality of data block rate couplings is mapped on the transmitting chain after modulation.
5, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, describedly data block behind the coding is carried out the desired value that rate-matched makes code rate reach to preset is specially:
The bit of all or part of specific data information correspondence in the deletion information bit position;
Or/and the bit of the data message correspondence outside the specific data information described in the deletion information bit position.
6, method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that:
Described code rate coupling further comprises punches to the check bit position.
7, a kind of coding/decoding method is characterized in that:
Acquisition is through receiving a plurality of data blocks that obtain after the processing;
Described data block is separated rate-matched, comprising: the bit that in the information bit position of described data block, is added on the data message correspondence of being deleted when code device carries out rate-matched;
Decipher separating a plurality of data blocks that obtain after the rate-matched, comprising: the bit of the data message institute correspondence position that data block is added in code device merges;
Data message described in the data block that deletion decoding back obtains.
8, method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described merging is specially:
Soft information to the described correspondence position of the output of one-level sub-decoder at least merges, and as the input of next stage sub-decoder; Perhaps, the soft information of at least one data block described correspondence position of obtaining after decoding merges with other data block and as the input of next stage decoding.
9, method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that:
Described decoding is specially the CTC decoding of Turbo decoding or extension Turbo decoding.
10, method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that:
The described rate-matched of separating further comprises check bit position filling dummy bits.
11, a kind of code device is used for respectively the coding of a plurality of data blocks be is characterized in that, comprising: data pretreatment unit, coding unit, rate-matched unit; Wherein:
The data pretreatment unit is used for adding specific data information in data block;
Coding unit is used for the data block that adds specific data information is encoded, and the data block behind the coding comprises information bit position and check bit position;
The rate-matched unit is used for the data block behind the coding is carried out the desired value that rate-matched makes code rate reach to preset.
12, device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, described data pretreatment unit adds specific data information and is specially in data block:
In described data block, add the data message in other one or more data blocks.
13, as claim 11 or 12 described devices, it is characterized in that:
The CTC coding that is encoded to Turbo coding or extension Turbo coding of described coding unit.
14, device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Modulating unit is used for the data block behind the coding is modulated;
Send processing unit, be used for the multichannel data after the modulation is mapped to transmitting chain.
15, device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that,
The rate-matched unit, describedly carry out the desired value that rate-matched makes code rate reach to preset to the data block behind the coding and be specially:
The bit of all or part of specific data information correspondence in the deletion information bit position;
Or/and the bit of the data message correspondence outside the specific data information described in the deletion information bit position.
16, device as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that:
Described code rate coupling further comprises punches to the check bit position.
17, a kind of decoding device is characterized in that, comprising: receive processing unit, separate rate-matched unit, decoding unit, separate the data pretreatment unit, wherein:
Receive processing unit, be used for a plurality of data blocks that receive are handled, thereby obtain each data block;
Separate the rate-matched unit, be used for separating rate-matched, comprising: the bit that in the information bit position of described data block, is added on the specific data information correspondence of being deleted when code device carries out rate-matched receiving the data block that obtains after the processing;
Decoding unit is used for deciphering separating a plurality of data blocks that obtain after the rate-matched, comprising:; The bit of the data message institute correspondence position that data block is added in code device merges;
Separate the data pretreatment unit, be used for deleting the described specific data information that the data block of acquisition comprises after deciphering.
18, device as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that, described merging is specially:
Soft information to the described correspondence position of the output of one-level sub-decoder at least merges, and as the input of next stage sub-decoder; Perhaps, the soft information of at least one data block described correspondence position of obtaining after decoding merges with other data block and as the input of next stage decoding.
19, system as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that,
Separate the rate-matched unit, the described rate-matched of separating further comprises check bit position filling dummy bits.
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