CN101498624B - On-line detection apparatus for seed spacing evenness of accurate planter - Google Patents
On-line detection apparatus for seed spacing evenness of accurate planter Download PDFInfo
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- CN101498624B CN101498624B CN2008100066342A CN200810006634A CN101498624B CN 101498624 B CN101498624 B CN 101498624B CN 2008100066342 A CN2008100066342 A CN 2008100066342A CN 200810006634 A CN200810006634 A CN 200810006634A CN 101498624 B CN101498624 B CN 101498624B
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- array ccd
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- digital video
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seed sowing distance uniformity on-line detection device of an accurate planter based on a linear array CCD which is used for detecting the seed sowing distance uniformity in indoor bench tests and field operation tests during the development and the performance testing of a seeder. The detection device consists of an external sleeve, an internal sleeve, a liner array CCD digital vidicon, a MCU system, a lighting LED array and a micro fan blower, wherein the external sleeve is fixed on a colter boot of a tested seeder by U-shaped bolts, the internal sleeve with the lighting LED array at the lower end is inserted in the external sleeve, the linear array CCD digital vidicon is inserted in the internal sleeve, and the image collecting and processing MCU system collects images of the liner array CCD under the control of a program, splices the images into a continuous image in a memory and recognizes seed position, counts spacing interval and calculates seed distance by utilizing digital graphic processing technique; and the micro fan blower is used for the dust prevention of the lens of the liner array CCD digital vidicon.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the pick-up unit of the sowing grain spacing evenness of precision drill in the agricultural production.
Background technology
In the agricultural production, seeder is the most basic implement.The key index of estimating the seeder quality is exactly the homogeneity of sowing grain distance.According to " GB6973-86 simple grain (precision) seeder test method " regulation, need carry out indoor bench test and field test respectively to the sowing grain spacing evenness evaluation of seeder.The basic skills that indoor bench test detects sowing grain spacing evenness is the top that the planting with sowing machine monomer is placed in a travelling belt, the seed that the seeder monomer broadcasts is fallen on the mobile travelling belt, measures the spacing of seed on the travelling belt then and carries out the index that statistical study draws sowing grain spacing evenness.Fall the position distortions that spring causes on the belt in order to reduce seed, method commonly used is husky at belt surface coating butter or shop.The basic skills that field test detects sowing grain spacing evenness is a manual detection, and behind seeder work one segment distance, the soil that manually will plant in the ditch is pushed aside, finds out the seed in the soil, and the distance of measuring between the seed is carried out statistical study.Obviously, above-mentioned two kinds of methods are complicated operation not only, and can't detect by real-time online, and the accuracy of seed position also is difficult to guarantee.
Also there has been at present the sensor that much utilizes various structures to sow the research report that a spacing evenness detects in real time, its method is certain the position sensor installation at kind of the pipe that falls, seed produces pulse through sensor, utilizes time interval of pulse to converse distribution distance after seed lands.The maximum deficiency of this method is the position that sensor can not be installed to kiss the earth, can only be installed to seed certain position before landing, and measured seed spacing can not reflect accurately that seed lands later situation.
In addition, in indoor bench test, also there is the Digital Video utilized that the seed on the travelling belt is distributed and takes, sow the analysis of a distance then by image processing program.The subject matter of this method is that the boundary of each width of cloth image of shot by camera is overlapping can't handle when travelling belt moves (the different work gait of march of simulation seeder) with different linear velocities.In addition, this method obviously can not be used for field test, because seed directly falls into kind of ditch and returned soil immediately and covers during field test, can't photograph the distributing position image of seed.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of scanning detection apparatus based on line array CCD, can realize falling travelling belt surface or falling the online detection of seed instantaneous position in kind of the ditch.
Mechanism of the present invention composition mainly contains six parts: outer sleeve, inner sleeve, line array CCD Digital Video, MCU system, illumination LED array and mini-fan Blast mechanism.Technical scheme of the present invention is: first, outer sleeve is one section steel pipe, the triangular support plate and the wing-shaped plate of outside weldings control setting angle, cooperate the formation installing mechanism with U bolt, can be fastened on outer sleeve on the plough (discharging tube) of tested seeder, outer sleeve lower end position and discharging tube seed export are held level with both hands together.Outer sleeve length by the focusing of linear array CCD camera camera lens from decision, promptly under the condition of determining in above-mentioned installation site, make the surface that seed falls (travelling belt surface or plant the ditch bottom surface) by camera lens just in time in the clear focusing of line array CCD.The second, inner sleeve also is one section steel pipe, and internal diameter guarantees that camera lens can insert freely, and external diameter can insert outer sleeve freely.Inner sleeve upper end and instrument installing plate one are used to install video camera fuselage and MCU system.The inner sleeve lower end is used to install the illumination LED array than the short 5-10cm of outer sleeve.The 3rd, the Digital Video of employing line array CCD sensor arrangement, definite principle of line array CCD direction: after camera lens insertion inner sleeve, video camera fuselage were fixed on the instrument installing plate, the line of pixels column direction of line array CCD was vertical with the sowing direction.The 4th, image acquisition and processing MCU system, matching program is responsible for gathering the image of linear array CCD camera, is spliced into a width of cloth consecutive image in internal memory, utilizes digital image processing techniques to identify the position and the interval time of corn seed.The 5th, in the near end, lower end of inner sleeve 10 high-brightness white-light LEDs are installed and are provided illumination for linear array CCD camera.The 6th, the mini-fan Blast mechanism can prevent that sleeve bottom dust from rising by pipeline pouring into sleeve inner in the pilothouse or away from the clean air at plough position.
Principle of work of the present invention: line array CCD has only 1 row pixel, all is area array CCD and general Digital Video adopts, and hundreds of row, several thousand row pixels are arranged.Under identical hardware picking rate, the time of gathering 1 pattern array CCD image equals to gather the time of hundreds of main feed line array CCD image.So the frame frequency acquisition of line array CCD is very fast, be easy to realize 1000 frame/seconds (the highest at present can reach for 5000 frame/seconds).Utilize such linear array CCD camera, can take the very narrow image in the scene.If relative motion (direction of relative motion is perpendicular to the major axis of line array CCD) is arranged between video camera and the scene, a rule image joint of taking just can be seen whole scene (similar with the course of work of scanner on the computer) together continuously.This image pickup method is used for taking the scene that sowing process seed lands, and the synthetic of several thousand two field pictures (several thousand row pixels) just can reproduce the complete image that seed distributes in kind of ditch.
The mini-fan Blast mechanism is that the present invention is used to suppress outer sleeve upper end the video camera sealing is arranged, and submerges in kind of the ditch soil (be used for the field measure time) in the lower end, and outer sleeve inner chamber and surrounding air isolation can prevent that camera lens from being hoodwinked by dust.For more effectively dustproof, also added the mini-fan Blast mechanism, can prevent that sleeve bottom dust from rising by pipeline pouring into sleeve inner in the pilothouse or away from the clean air at plough position.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: realized the on-line continuous detection; Can access the image of the later accurate position that seed lands and calculate a distance; Shop experiment and field test all can be used.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the general assembly side view of seed spacing evenness of accurate planter real time on-line detection device.
Fig. 2 is retention mechanism and mechanism's side-looking of steel pipe outer sleeve and vertical view.
Fig. 3 is the side-looking and the vertical view of instrument installation panel and illumination inner sleeve.
Among the figure, U bolt 1, the wing-shaped plate 2 of fastening usefulness, the triangular support plate 3 of control setting angle, outer sleeve 4, blowing line plug 5, bottom installing plate 6, mini-fan 7, line array CCD Digital Video 8, line array CCD sensor 9, camera lens 10, image acquisition and processing MCU system 11, instrument installing plate 12, inner sleeve 13, LED installs meniscus 14, illumination LED, array 15, above-ground route 16, seed 17 is planted ditch bottom line 18, seeder discharging tube 19, seed-furrow opener 20, mini-fan mounting hole 21.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing:
Outer sleeve 4 is internal diameter 40mm, the steel pipe of length 370mm.Outer sleeve upper end welding bottom installing plate 6.Have 4 mounting holes above the bottom installing plate 6, aperture 6.2mm is by the fuselage of these 4 holes with bolt instrument installing plate and line array CCD Digital Video.
The critical piece of line array CCD Digital Video 8 is line array CCD sensor 9 and camera lens 10, adopts the colored thread array CCD imageing sensor TCD2252D9 of Toshiba Corp and the self-control of Shanghai sea-gull F80 enlarging lens to form respectively.Camera lens external diameter 33mm can insert inner sleeve 13 freely.There is the threaded hole of 4 M6 video camera fuselage front, and is supporting with instrument installing plate 12 and the mounting hole above the bottom installing plate 6, is used for the fastening installation of three.Focusing ring through overtesting fixed cameras camera lens 10 obtains immutable object distance and image distance, make that video camera 8 is installed and is fastened on the instrument installing plate 12 after, video camera just in time be position after outer sleeve lower end seed lands between detection period as the plane.The colored thread array CCD sensor of any model may be used to the present invention, and difference is acquisition rate and resolution.Line array CCD Digital Video 8 also can be made by oneself, can buy the finished product line array CCD Digital Video of a lot of brands on the market, the SL104K-1K Storter in the L100k linear array series of products of for example German Basler company.When selecting finished product line array CCD Digital Video for use, the camera lens external diameter may be different with the present embodiment, as long as the diameter of respective change outer sleeve and inner sleeve.
Image acquisition and processing MCU system 11 is a core with the dedicated video/picture processing chip TMS320DM642 of American TI Company, in conjunction with the formations such as synchronous DRAM (SDRAM) IS42S16400-7T of the CPLD chip LC4128V100-5 of clocking and video control signal, the amplification of being responsible for the linear array CCD image sensor output signal, A/D video signal converted processor XRD98L23ACD, stored program Flash storer Am29LV160DB, storing image data.Image acquisition rates is 1000 frames, and every frame is gathered 1024 pixels.
The mini-fan Blast mechanism only detects in the field and just need enable because of the bigger occasion of antecedent soil moisture airborne dust.Mini-fan 7 adopts the computer CPU cooling fan of 12V/0.13A.The fan admission line is the plastic flexible pipe of the internal diameter 20mm of conveniently assemble and disassemble, about length 3m.The wind pipe of fan also is that the plastic flexible pipe of internal diameter 20mm is fixedly attached to the blowing line plug 5 above the outer sleeve 4.
Claims (1)
1. on-line detection apparatus for seed spacing evenness of accurate planter, it is characterized in that: by outer sleeve, inner sleeve, the line array CCD Digital Video, the MCU system, six parts of illumination LED array and mini-fan Blast mechanism are formed, it is characterized in that outer sleeve cooperates the triangular support plate, wing-shaped plate and U bolt are fastened on the discharging tube of tested seeder, outer sleeve upper end and bottom installing plate one, 4 fastening screw keyholes are arranged on the bottom installing plate, inner sleeve and instrument installing plate one, the illumination LED array is installed in the inner sleeve lower end, inner sleeve external diameter and outer sleeve internal diameter clearance fit, the inner sleeve internal diameter cooperates with line array CCD Digital Video camera lens crest clearance, installing bottom layer installing plate and line array CCD Digital Video fuselage are arranged on the instrument installing plate, the MCU system, the fastening screw keyhole of mini-fan, there is the threaded hole of 4 M6 line array CCD Digital Video fuselage front, be used to install the fastening bolt that connects instrument installing plate and bottom installing plate, the camera lens of line array CCD Digital Video inserts inner sleeve, line array CCD Digital Video fastening bolt and instrument installing plate, after the bottom installing plate is fastening, the line of pixels column direction of line array CCD is vertical with the sowing direction, mini-fan is installed on the instrument installing plate, air inlet is introduced clean air by flexible pipe, and air outlet leads to inner sleeve inside by flexible pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100066342A CN101498624B (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2008-01-29 | On-line detection apparatus for seed spacing evenness of accurate planter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100066342A CN101498624B (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2008-01-29 | On-line detection apparatus for seed spacing evenness of accurate planter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101498624A CN101498624A (en) | 2009-08-05 |
| CN101498624B true CN101498624B (en) | 2011-07-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008100066342A Expired - Fee Related CN101498624B (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2008-01-29 | On-line detection apparatus for seed spacing evenness of accurate planter |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102507238B (en) * | 2011-10-22 | 2014-05-28 | 中国农业大学 | Sowing precision detection system and method based on soil matrix |
| US9930826B2 (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2018-04-03 | Robert Craig McCloskey | Data acquisition system for a seed planter |
| CN109948951B (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2022-06-24 | 吉林大学 | Method for evaluating seed distribution uniformity after sowing operation |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2722611Y (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2005-09-07 | 中国农业大学 | Three-way dynamic collector for grain image |
| CN2777527Y (en) * | 2005-04-21 | 2006-05-03 | 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院 | Computer vision seeding apparatus test-bed |
-
2008
- 2008-01-29 CN CN2008100066342A patent/CN101498624B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2722611Y (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2005-09-07 | 中国农业大学 | Three-way dynamic collector for grain image |
| CN2777527Y (en) * | 2005-04-21 | 2006-05-03 | 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院 | Computer vision seeding apparatus test-bed |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 李伟,林家春,谭豫之,张宾.基于图像处理技术的种子粒距检测方法研究.农业工程学报.2002,(06), * |
| 蔡晓华,吴泽全,刘俊杰,谢玮,李源源.基于计算机视觉的排种粒距实时检测系统.农业机械学报.2006,(08), * |
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| CN101498624A (en) | 2009-08-05 |
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