CN101497970A - Austenitic alloy steel - Google Patents
Austenitic alloy steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101497970A CN101497970A CNA2008100205839A CN200810020583A CN101497970A CN 101497970 A CN101497970 A CN 101497970A CN A2008100205839 A CNA2008100205839 A CN A2008100205839A CN 200810020583 A CN200810020583 A CN 200810020583A CN 101497970 A CN101497970 A CN 101497970A
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Abstract
The invention discloses austenitic alloy steel containing C, Si, P, S, Ni, Cr, Mo, Ti, Al, Co, Cu, B and Fe with the percentages by weight of 0.04-0.1 percent of C, less than or equal to 1 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S, more than or equal to 65 percent of Ni, 18-21 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 1 percent of Mo, 1.8-2.7 percent of Ti, 1.0-1.8 percent of Al, less than or equal to 2.0 percent of Co, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.008 percent of B and less than or equal to 2.5 percent of Fe. The austenitic alloy steel reasonably adjusts the components of steel and has favorable comprehensive performance, especially has good high-temperature strength and good high-temperature corrosion resisting property, extremely resists fuel gas corrosion and satisfies the requirement of the steel used for an exhaust valve of a high-load internal-combustion engine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation field of Austenitic high temperature steel, be specially adapted to produce the inlet and outlet valve austenitic heat-resistance steel of oil engine.
Background technology
At present, China is in the oil engine of moderate duty, generally adopt in 21-4N steel (the being 5Cr21Mn9Ni4N) conduct, the exhaust valve steel of little cylinder diameter, the working temperature of this steel is between 650-750 ℃, air valve steel life-time service at high temperature, then having the stratiform precipitate increases, because this lamellated separating out is the carbide and the nitride of chromium, therefore a large amount of precipitates can make the poor chromium of air valve steel matrix, cause the corrosion resistance of this steel under the high-temperature fuel gas condition significantly to descend, also can make the neck of air valve, dish portion, the dish conical surface forms corrosion pit, make the air valve steel produce gas leakage and dish portion cracking easily, the corrosion pit of air valve neck is easy to produce fatigue cracking even fracture under the effect of bending fatigue stress.Exhaust valve for internal combustion engine at high loading in the prior art also has the data introduction with steel, the air valve steel introduced of United States Patent (USP) 4929419 documents for example, this steel is to carry out face at the 23-8N steel to divide adjustment, as adopt and add C, B, W, Mo element and raising C, N content changes the use properties of steel grade, what Germany was introduced in patent documentation DE3704473A1 in addition is a kind of modified version air valve steel, this steel is to have added 5-6%Al on 21-4N base steel plinth, 1.8-2.5%Nb, 0.8-1.5%W, N brings up to the composition range of 0.4-0.6%, have the technology of improving shape air valve steel to also have Russian SU1650762A1 patent again, this patent documentation has been introduced and has a kind ofly been added 0.5-1.5%Mo on the 21-4N basis; 0.5-1.5%Nb; 0.5-1.5V with the 0.05-0.20%Zr element, such rigidity can only slightly improve to some extent, can not satisfy the needs of high loading exhaust valve for internal combustion engine with steel.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of high loading exhaust valve for internal combustion engine Austenitic Alloy Steel, product composition is reasonable in design, and good combination property, especially hot strength, high temperature corrosion resistance are good, extremely anti-exhaust gas corrosion.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: Austenitic Alloy Steel, comprise carbon, silicon, phosphorus, sulphur, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, titanium, aluminium, cobalt, copper, boron, iron, and its weight percent is: carbon (C): 0.04-0.1%; Silicon (Si) :≤1%; Phosphorus (P) :≤0.020%; Sulphur (S) :≤0.015%; Nickel (Ni): 〉=65%; Chromium (Cr): 18-21%; Molybdenum (Mo) :≤1%; Titanium (Ti): 1.8-2.7%; Aluminium (Al): 1.0-1.8%; Cobalt (Co) :≤2.0%; Copper (Cu) :≤0.2%; Boron (B) :≤0.008%; Iron (Fe) :≤2.5%.
Described Austenitic Alloy Steel also contains rare earth element, and its mass percent is: rare earth element (Re): 0.10-0.20%.
According to purpose of the present invention, Austenitic Alloy Steel proposed by the invention, reasonably adjust by composition this steel, make Austenitic Alloy Steel of the present invention when possessing good over-all properties, especially hot strength, high temperature corrosion resistance are good, extremely anti-exhaust gas corrosion satisfies the needs of high loading exhaust valve for internal combustion engine with steel.
Solution of the present invention at first is at the inlet and outlet valve of the oil engine deficiency with austenitic heat-resistance steel, and the composition of air valve steel is redesigned.After comparing with the composition of austenitic heat-resistance steel, the inlet and outlet valve of steel of the present invention and existing oil engine can see, in composition, increase and adjusted the content of rare earth element and elements such as nickel, carbon, the present invention has formed new phase structure by the content that increases new element and adjust other elements, thereby suppresses and changed original chromium to separate out with the stratiform of carbon formation.After the timeliness of the present invention through 750 ℃ and 100 hours, the stratiform amount of separating out＜10%, and the structure of cenotype is more stable, the exhaust valve for internal combustion engine steel of the yield strength after the long-time timeliness of high temperature, creep rupture strength and hot bending fatigue strength high loading in the prior art.In addition, because the adjustment of the increase of light rare earths and other constituent contents all increases the anti-oxidant and anti-exhaust gas corrosion performance of air valve steel of the present invention in 650-750 ℃ of scope, the crystal grain of material is by refinement rationally.In composition of steel proposed by the invention, consider that at first this steel is guaranteeing that it has under the prerequisite of good over-all properties, the reasonable adjustment by composition and constituent content improves its hot strength, high temperature corrosion resistance.
Adding carbon in the composition of steel of the present invention, consider that mainly carbon is austenizer, is again the element that strengthen in the gap, and carbon and chromium can form carbide, can effectively improve strengthening effect.When the reasonable raising along with carbon content, the timeliness intensity effect of its material can be more remarkable, can guarantee that like this steel of the present invention at high temperature has enough high temperature, short time intensity and hot strength when long.
In the composition of steel of the present invention, add the chromium element, be to guarantee to have in this steel good anti-oxidantization and anti-gas high-temperature corrosive nature, the chromium carburet forms compound, thereby not only improved intensity but also improve hardness and improve wear resistance, but add too much chromium element and then can help ferritic generation, or the generation of a phase, this is unfavorable at reduction preparation cost and raising over-all properties to steel of the present invention, therefore must control the addition of chromium.
In the composition of steel of the present invention, add nickel element, nickel is the element that austenite forms, its main effect is to form and the stable austenite tissue, it promotes the passivation of chromium, it itself not corrosion-resistant element, but nickel can improve the cold and hot working performance, and intensity, plasticity and toughness are well cooperated, and the hot strength of steel and oxidation-resistance are also had effect significantly; Add cobalt element in the composition of steel of the present invention, the similar nickel of the effect of cobalt is a kind of austenite former.
In the composition of steel of the present invention, add element silicon, the adding of silicon has deoxidation effect, when silicon exists with the form of solid solution attitude, he can improve the yield strength of matrix, comparatively favourable to the oxidation-resistance and the anti-exhaust gas corrosion that improve steel, but the ductile-brittle transition temperature of material is improved, the plastic property of steel is had adverse influence, can on the surface of steel, form the SiO of densification simultaneously
2Film, hindered acid is to the inner further erosion of steel, and is particularly effective to improving the solidity to corrosion of steel in high density nitric acid, the too high stiffness distortion difficulty that makes of silicon content.
Add copper in the composition of steel of the present invention, the effect of copper in austenitic stainless steel can significantly reduce the cold working hardening of steel and be inclined to, and improve the cold machine-shaping performance, and copper also is weak austenite former.When therefore designing, copper is controlled at 0.2% the scope that is not more than, and copper is too high can to influence the intensity of steel and anti-spot corrosion, the anticorrosion stress-resistant performance of austenitic steel.
In the composition of steel of the present invention, add aluminium element, the effect of aluminium in austenitic stainless steel, can improve stainless corrosion resistance nature, improve steel toughness, oxidation-resistance at low temperatures, but aluminium content be less than 4% o'clock, the corrosion resistance nature of steel is not obvious, aluminium content improves, and the corrosion resistance nature of steel also improves thereupon, but the hot workability variation, roll, easy to crack when forging, its content is pressed 1.0-1.8% scope control; When adding aluminium, silicon is got the middle upper limit.
Add titanium elements in the composition of steel of the present invention, titanium is as the element of carbon in the stabilized steel, and preferential the combination with carbon forms TiC, reduces M
23C
6Formation, reach the purpose that prevents the intergranular corrosion of sensitization attitude; Titanium can form intermetallic phase in steel, can improve stainless intensity.
Add boron in the composition of steel of the present invention, trace B can improve the intergranular corrosion resistance performance, and the adding of trace B also can improve the thermoplasticity of austenitic stainless steel, improves hot workability; Boron is the important element that improves the austenitic stainless steel thermal neutron absorption cross section, but when boron content surpasses solubleness in austenite, can form low melting point boride eutectic, thereby significantly reduce the hot workability of steel, and the intensity of steel improves, and plasticity reduces.
Add molybdenum element in the composition of steel of the present invention, the effect of molybdenum mainly is to improve the solidity to corrosion of steel at reducing medium, and performances such as the anti-pitting attack of raising steel and crevice corrosion; Molybdenum mainly is the anti-corrosion effect of strengthening chromium in the steel, and meanwhile, the corrosion inhibition that molybdenum forms behind the molybdate is also confirmed by experiment; Contain the chromium nickel molybdenum austenitic stainless steel of molybdenum because anti-pitting attack performance is higher, so usually have better anti-chloride stress cracking corrosive nature in actual applications than not containing molybdenum steel.
Add rare earth element in the composition of steel of the present invention, the mechanism of action of rare earth in steel: the solid solution capacity of rare earth in steel is 10
-6～10
-5Between the order of magnitude, along with the increase of rare earth adding quantity, the rare earth solid solution capacity has bigger increase thereupon, but tends towards stability after rare earth adding quantity is greater than 0.30%wt.The 0.10%wt-0.20%wt rare earth can make steel as cast condition dentrite organize and obviously obtain refinement, and segregation phenomena alleviates; But as-cast structure begins alligatoring again when rare earth is excessive.As cast condition lamella M
7C
3There is certain orientation relationship with austenite: [120]
M7C3// [011]
γ, (211)
M7C3// (111) γ, it separates out mechanism may be born of the same parents' shape precipitation: γ
0γ
1+ M
7C
3, an amount of rare earth has reduced the appearance of cellular structure.During the finished product attitude, the precipitated phase of microalloyed steel is M
23C
6An amount of rare earth (0.20%wt) can make the steel precipitated phase be more evenly distributed, and the intracrystalline precipitated phase increases, and has certain orientation relationship between part precipitated phase and the austenite: [011]
M23C6// [123]
γ, (111)
M23C6// (111)
γProper amount of rare-earth (0.10%wt-0.20%wt) inclusion that can effectively go bad improves the pattern of inclusion, and after rare earth adding quantity surpassed 0.30%wt, the clustering re inclusion increased.The rare earth micro-alloyed steel is when being lower than 1100 ℃ of solution treatment, and grain growth is slow, the Rockwell hardness range of decrease is less; Feature with rapid alligatoring of austenite crystal more than 1150 ℃ the time.The adding of rare earth helps to suppress grain growth, improves the grain growth intensity of activation.Solid solubility temperature is when 1050 ℃ to 1150 ℃ scopes, and the grain growing index increases with the rising of solid solubility temperature.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
Product composition is reasonable in design, and good combination property, especially hot strength, high temperature corrosion resistance are good, and extremely anti-exhaust gas corrosion satisfies the needs of high loading exhaust valve for internal combustion engine with steel.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: Austenitic Alloy Steel, comprise carbon, silicon, phosphorus, sulphur, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, titanium, aluminium, cobalt, copper, boron, rare earth element, iron, and its weight percent is: carbon (C): 0.1%; Silicon (Si): 1%; Phosphorus (P): 0.020%; Sulphur (S): 0.015%; Chromium (Cr): 21%; Molybdenum (Mo): 1%; Titanium (Ti): 2.7%; Aluminium (Al): 1.8%; Cobalt (Co): 2.0%; Copper (Cu): 0.2%; Boron (B): 0.008%; Rare earth element (Re): 0.20%; Iron (Fe): 2.5%; Surplus nickel (Ni) and inevitable impurity.
Embodiment 2: Austenitic Alloy Steel, comprise carbon, silicon, phosphorus, sulphur, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, titanium, aluminium, cobalt, copper, boron, rare earth element, iron, and its weight percent is: carbon (C): 0.04%; Silicon (Si): 0.39%; Phosphorus (P): 0.003%; Sulphur (S): 0.003%; Chromium (Cr): 18%; Molybdenum (Mo): 0.25%; Titanium (Ti): 1.8%; Aluminium (Al): 1.0%; Cobalt (Co): 0.095%; Copper (Cu): 0.08%; Boron (B): 0.002%; Rare earth element (Re): 0.10%; Iron (Fe): 2.0%; Surplus nickel (Ni) and inevitable impurity.
Embodiment 3: Austenitic Alloy Steel, comprise carbon, silicon, phosphorus, sulphur, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, titanium, aluminium, cobalt, copper, boron, rare earth element, iron, and its weight percent is: carbon (C): 0.06%; Silicon (Si): 0.68%; Phosphorus (P): 0.010%; Sulphur (S): 0.010%; Chromium (Cr): 19.5%; Molybdenum (Mo): 0.72%; Titanium (Ti): 2.20%; Aluminium (Al): 1.50%; Cobalt (Co): 1.22%; Copper (Cu): 0.12%; Boron (B): 0.005%; Rare earth element (Re): 0.16%; Iron (Fe): 1.2%; Surplus nickel (Ni) and inevitable impurity.
More than describe embodiments of the present invention in detail, but this example of just lifting for the ease of understanding should not be considered to be limitation of the scope of the invention.Equally; any person of ordinary skill in the field all can be according to the description of technical scheme of the present invention and preferred embodiment thereof; make various possible being equal to and change or replacement, but all these changes or replacement all should belong to the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1, Austenitic Alloy Steel comprises carbon, silicon, phosphorus, sulphur, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, titanium, aluminium, cobalt, copper, boron, iron, and its weight percent is: carbon (C): 0.04-0.1%; Silicon (Si) :≤1%; Phosphorus (P) :≤0.020%; Sulphur (S) :≤0.015%; Nickel (Ni): 〉=65%; Chromium (Cr): 18-21%; Molybdenum (Mo) :≤1%; Titanium (Ti): 1.8-2.7%; Aluminium (Al): 1.0-1.8%; Cobalt (Co) :≤2.0%; Copper (Cu) :≤0.2%; Boron (B) :≤0.008%; Iron (Fe) :≤2.5%.
2, Austenitic Alloy Steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it also contains rare earth element, and its mass percent is: rare earth element (Re): 0.10-0.20%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100205839A CN101497970A (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2008-01-29 | Austenitic alloy steel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008100205839A CN101497970A (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2008-01-29 | Austenitic alloy steel |
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| CN101497970A true CN101497970A (en) | 2009-08-05 |
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| CNA2008100205839A Pending CN101497970A (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2008-01-29 | Austenitic alloy steel |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104694783A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2015-06-10 | 江苏申源特钢有限公司 | Nickel-based air valve alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114635062A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-06-17 | 西安聚能高温合金材料科技有限公司 | Nickel-chromium intermediate alloy |
-
2008
- 2008-01-29 CN CNA2008100205839A patent/CN101497970A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104694783A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2015-06-10 | 江苏申源特钢有限公司 | Nickel-based air valve alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114635062A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-06-17 | 西安聚能高温合金材料科技有限公司 | Nickel-chromium intermediate alloy |
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Open date: 20090805 |