CN101497121B - Diesel motor aluminium alloy cylinder metal mould low-pressure casting method - Google Patents
Diesel motor aluminium alloy cylinder metal mould low-pressure casting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101497121B CN101497121B CN2008100333752A CN200810033375A CN101497121B CN 101497121 B CN101497121 B CN 101497121B CN 2008100333752 A CN2008100333752 A CN 2008100333752A CN 200810033375 A CN200810033375 A CN 200810033375A CN 101497121 B CN101497121 B CN 101497121B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for metal mold low-pressure casting of an aluminum alloy cylinder body of a diesel engine, which adopts a metal casting die and a low-pressure full metal mold casting method to cast the aluminum alloy cylinder body and comprises the steps of low-pressure pouring, sand vibration, primary processing and heat treatment, wherein in the step of low-pressure pouring, a water jacket and an oil duct are cast by adopting an oil duct sand core and a water jacket core respectively, and a cylinder sleeve is cast in an embedding mode; and the whole cast adopts a mode that the surface of a cylinder barrel is on the upside while the surface of a crankshaft is on the downside, an aluminum liquid is introduced from the cylinder barrel, and the temperature for casting the aluminum liquid is between 670 and 690 DEG C. The method combines the advantages of pressure casting and gravity casting, and adopts a low-pressure casting technique so that a cylinder body cast reaches the requirement of high mechanical property of the diesel engine, and simultaneously ensures high technical production rate, saves energy source, and has simple and convenient casting process.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to casting technology field, specifically is a kind of metal mould low-pressure casting method that is used to cast diesel motor aluminium alloy cylinder.
Background technology:
At present, cylinder block is the sophisticated technology that domestic casting industry is generally acknowledged, aluminum alloy diesel engine is again that it mainly represents one of part, complicated structure, wall thickness difference are big, the characteristics of castingin Cast iron liner and enclosed jacket structure for water, cause this product still can not produce at home and meet performance requirement cast aluminium cylinder block, and in producing defectives such as pore, shrinkage porosite are arranged very easily.Because cylinder block is one of vital part of diesel engine, aluminum alloy diesel engine is again one of light-weighted important symbol of automobile engine, the quality of quality directly has influence on the overall performance and the service life of diesel engine, so each manufactory pays special attention to the manufacturing of cylinder.Wherein the 1.9L cylinder block is the core part of 1.9L type aluminum alloy diesel engine, the about 32Kg of gross weight, and material is an ALSi6CuO4 castingin Cast iron liner, inner chamber has 6 oil ducts and water cavity, easily produces foundry goods inner air vent, tissue looseness during current production and waters defective such as cloth foot.And this product technology requires high, and the defective that does not allow to exist slag inclusion, folder sand, pore, loose, crackle etc. influences properties of product and hydrostatic test exists, and requirement is in the following sealing detection of 100% process:
| Use air to press multiplication | Experimental pressure (bar) | Maximum leakage amount (the standard cm that allows 3/min) | |
| Water jacket | Blank | 1.5 | 4.0 |
| Finished parts | 2.0 | 10.0 | |
| The pressure oil duct | Blank | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Finished parts | 4.0 | 10,0 | |
| Apiezon oil chamber casing body | Blank | 0.5 | 30.0 |
| Finished parts | 2.0 | 30.0 | |
Along with energy-conservation, the light-weighted development of automobile, gasoline engine on the car and diesel engine also begin to adopt aluminium alloy casting, the conventional cast method has metal mold die casting and metal mold gravity casting to make gasoline engine (diesel engine) cylinder body, open water-cooled cylinder body (referring to Fig. 1) is made in metal mold compression casting, and metal mold gravity casting can be made closed type water-cooled cylinder body (referring to Fig. 2).
Wherein adopt forced engine cylinder-body for cylinder sleeve, because the problem that does not exist aluminium alloy to combine with the cylinder sleeve casting can be used as casting method in the following table 1 according to the different mining of structure in the tradition:
Table 1
Therefore select the difference of forging type for the cylinder body tradition for use, pluses and minuses are respectively arranged.
Die casting: production efficiency height (cold chamber die casting 600-700 spare/class, hot pressing constant pressure casting 3000-7000 time) is fit to production in enormous quantities, casting dimension accuracy height (ZJ2-ZJ1), the surface smoothness height, product yield height (generally can reach more than 90%), but the die casting casting mold development time is long, the equipment mould drops into the expense height, have a big risk, be not suitable for doing the complicated part of inner chamber, be not suitable for doing the enclosed water-cooled engine cylinder block.
Metal mold gravity casting: can make the complicated cylinder of petrol engine of inner chamber in conjunction with core, be fit to produce in batches, exploitation input expense is lower than die casting, only is applicable to the regular price gasoline machine.But need be cast into the diesel engine cylinder block of cylinder sleeve type at the enclosed water-cooled, have that mechanical performance can not meet design requirement, cylinder sleeve is not in conjunction with fine and close, seepage, yield rate is on the low side, antiquated sand produces many problems.Want the high diesel engine cylinder body of production technology difficulty, die casting and gravitational casting are impossible.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of metal mould low-pressure casting method, make aluminium alloy be cast into Cast iron liner, have the diesel engine cylinder block foundry goods of enclosed water-cooling structure, satisfy the requirement of diesel engine cylinder block performance technologies, qualified casting also can be produced in batches, satisfies market.
The present invention for the technical scheme that the technical solution problem adopts is:
Diesel motor aluminium alloy cylinder metal mould low-pressure casting method, adopt metal casting mould and low pressure all-metal mold casting method to cast, it comprises low pressure casting, the sand that shakes, roughing and heat treatment step, wherein in the low pressure casting step, water jacket and oil duct adopt oil passage sand core and sand core of water jacket casting respectively, and cylinder sleeve adopts the mosaic mode casting; Whole foundry goods adopt the cylinder barrel face down, the bent axle face is last, and introduces aluminium liquid from the cylinder barrel face, the cast aluminum liquid temp is at 670-690 ℃.
In the low pressure casting, the dip-coating Baume degrees was the alcohol-base paint 460# of Fushi section of 30-50 preparation before the core of employing used, and the baker of going forward side by side was with 160-250 ℃ of baking 2-3 hour;
Described low pressure casting pressure process comprises: rise liquid, fill type, supercharging, pressurize, release stage; Wherein rising from 0 to 25 second liquid stage, pressure evenly boosts to 0.2 * 10
5Pa; Filling the type stage from 25 seconds to 60 seconds, pressure is from 0.2 * 10
5Pa evenly boosts to 0.29 * 10
5Pa; From 60 seconds to 70 seconds, pressure was from 0.29 * 10 in pressurization stages
5Pa evenly boosts to 0.5 * 10
5Pa; Packing stage is 0.5 * 10
5Pressurize is 210 seconds under the Pa.
In low pressure casting of the present invention, be provided with clearance type auxiliary process running channel in partial isolated thick big position, solve the existing shrinkage defect in partial isolated thick big position.
Described aluminium alloy and cylinder sleeve are combined closely in order to make, in low pressure casting process, the casting front jar sheath is preheating to temperature 400-600 ℃;
The present invention is at four great circle cast gates of location arrangements of the cylinder barrel face of foundry goods and set slag trap on the bent axle face.
The present invention comprises big core print and the core that is molded on the big core print at described oil passage sand core, is being drilled with via hole on big core print, makes big core print together with the foundry goods demoulding smoothly.
Described sand core of water jacket of the present invention, oil passage sand core and cylinder sleeve are installed on the bed die of metal casting mould, offer cast gate simultaneously on bed die.
The present invention adopts low-pressure casting process to make cylinder block casting reach the high mechanical performance requirement of diesel engine in conjunction with the advantage of die casting and gravitational casting; Adopt low-pressure casting process, the Cast iron liner that is cast into is combined closely with the aluminium alloy of cast, the adhesion that reaches the diesel engine requirement firmly, not have shelling vivid.Adopt low-pressure casting process to make that enclosed water-cooled cylinder body aluminium alloy solidifies, crystallization under pressure, guaranteed that foundry goods dense structure does not produce hole defect again, satisfies seal request.Adopt the auxiliary feeding running channel of clearance type to eliminate isolated thick big shrinkage porosite position, cylinder body does not have the shrinkage porosite hole defect; Adopt cylinder iron cylinder barrel face to do gate land, and will locate benchmark and all design, promptly cast on the bed die plane, make Cast iron liner, core accurately locate (cylinder sleeve center degree≤φ 0.5mm) at cylinder body combustion chamber face; The design of this face has four ingates, makes consecutive solidification feeding terminal surface, guarantee cylinder body by last (casting of cam axial plane upwards) to combustion chamber face, consecutive solidification; On the big core print of core, bore via hole, the aluminum alloy melt of cast is cast in the big core print, both guaranteed the intensity of big core print in casting process, made things convenient for big core print to deviate from module again simultaneously with foundry goods.Method of the present invention can mass-produce and satisfy aluminium alloy cast-in Cast iron liner, enclosed water-cooling structure diesel engine cylinder block, the mechanical performance of its requirement and cylinder sleeve are in conjunction with tightness degree, keep high product yield and save the big rising head core of preparation, energy savings; And make manufacturing operation easy.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is existing open water-cooled cylinder body schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is existing closed type water-cooled cylinder body schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is an aluminium alloy cylinder casting structure sketch of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of aluminium alloy cylinder foundry goods cylinder barrel face of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of aluminium alloy cylinder foundry goods bent axle face of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structure diagram of a facade of aluminium alloy cylinder foundry goods of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a cylinder body pressuring curve schematic diagram of the present invention;
The clearance type auxiliary process running channel schematic diagram that Fig. 8 adopts for the present invention;
The big core print boring of the core schematic diagram that Fig. 9 adopts for the present invention;
The big core print boring of the core side direction generalized section that Figure 10 adopts for the present invention;
Bed die that Figure 11 adopts for the present invention and core, cylinder sleeve fixed form structural representation.
Among the figure: 1-foundry goods, 2-running channel, 3-slag trap, 4-isolated positions, 5-clearance type auxiliary process running channel, the 6-core, 7-via hole, 8-water jacket core print positioning seat, 9-oil duct core print positioning seat, the 10-cylinder sleeve positioning seat, 11-oil passage sand core, the big core print of 12-, 13-processing location benchmark.
The specific embodiment:
Diesel motor aluminium alloy cylinder metal mould low-pressure casting method disclosed by the invention adopts metal casting mould and low pressure all-metal mold casting method to cast, and it comprises low pressure casting, the sand that shakes, roughing and heat treatment step,
Referring to Fig. 3 to 11, in the low pressure casting step, water jacket and oil duct adopt oil passage sand core 11 and sand core of water jacket casting respectively, and cylinder sleeve adopts the mosaic mode casting; Whole foundry goods 1 adopt the cylinder barrel face down, the bent axle face is last.At first aluminium is melted, make that aluminium liquid is rotten, degasification, make sand core of water jacket (not shown) and oil passage sand core 11 then, referring to Fig. 9 and Figure 10, oil passage sand core 11 comprises big core print 12 and the core 6 that is molded on the big core print 12, on big core print 12, be drilled with three Φ 8mm, the via hole 7 of dark about 40mm, when casting, aluminium liquid is cast into the via hole 7 from the opening part of via hole 7, can play the effect that strengthens oil passage sand core 11 so on the one hand, also make things convenient for when the demoulding on the other hand, take up the purpose of oil passage sand core 11.
With the sand core of water jacket and the oil passage sand core 11 dip-coating Baume degrees that make is the alcohol-base paint 460# of Fushi section of 30-50 preparation, went forward side by side baker with 160-250 ℃ of baking 2-3 hour, simultaneously cylinder sleeve is carried out preheating, being preheating to temperature is between 400-600 ℃, ready sand core of water jacket and oil passage sand core 11 and cylinder sleeve are lowered in the metal mold tool, to carrying out the low pressure casting in the metal casting thereupon.
Whole low pressure casting process be divided into rise liquid, fill type, supercharging, pressurize, release, die sinking pickup step, rising the liquid process is from 0 to 25 second, pressure evenly is raised to 0.2 * 10
5Pa; Filling the type stage from 25 seconds to 60 seconds, pressure is from 0.2 * 10
5Pa evenly boosts to 0.29 * 10
5Pa; From 60 seconds to 70 seconds, pressure was from 0.29 * 10 in pressurization stages
5Pa evenly boosts to 0.5 * 10
5Pa; Packing stage is 0.5 * 10
5Pressurize is 210 seconds under the Pa.Adopt such pressuring curve, can make foundry goods 1 steadily fill type, fully solidify.
After low pressure casting was finished, the die sinking pickup was finished through the sand that shakes, cleaning, roughing after-baking at last.Yarn, cleaning and roughing and the process of thermal treatment parameter of wherein shaking is well known to those skilled in the art, and do not doing detailed description at this.
Shown in Fig. 4,5,6, be provided with the running channel 2 of four great circle casting nozzles in the position of the cylinder barrel face of foundry goods 1, fully to foundry goods 1 feeding.Be provided with slag trap 3 around the bent axle face of foundry goods 1, slag trap 3 is collected aluminium liquid superficial layer oxide slag inclusion things and is discharged, and makes foundry goods 1 dense internal organization.
As shown in Figure 8, isolated thick most of 4 of foundry goods easy shrinkage porosite places have clearance type auxiliary process running channel 5 and solve partial isolated thick big position shrinkage defect.
As shown in figure 11, sand core of water jacket and oil passage sand core are installed on the bed die by sand core of water jacket positioning seat 8 and the oil passage sand core positioning seat 9 that is arranged on the bed die, same cylinder sleeve also is installed on the bed die by the cylinder sleeve positioning seat 10 that is arranged on the bed die, and foundry goods 1 processing location benchmark 13 also is located at respectively on the bed die, make its size datum one to.
The aluminium alloy cylinder that adopts above-mentioned casting method to obtain can satisfy mechanical performance that diesel engine requires and cylinder sleeve in conjunction with tightness degree, guarantees high product yield, energy savings, and casting process is easy and simple to handle.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in the foregoing description and the specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. diesel motor aluminium alloy cylinder metal mould low-pressure casting method, adopt metal casting mould and low pressure all-metal mold casting method to cast, comprise low pressure casting, the sand that shakes, roughing and heat treatment step, it is characterized in that, in the low pressure casting step, water jacket and oil duct adopt oil passage sand core and sand core of water jacket casting respectively, and cylinder sleeve adopts the mosaic mode casting; Whole foundry goods adopt the cylinder barrel face down, the bent axle face is last, and from cylinder barrel face introducing aluminium liquid, the cast aluminum liquid temp is at 670-690 ℃, described low pressure casting pressure process comprises: rise liquid, fill type, supercharging, pressurize, release stage, wherein rising from 0 to 25 second liquid stage, pressure evenly boosts to 0.2 * 10
5Pa; Filling the type stage from 25 seconds to 60 seconds, pressure is from 0.2 * 10
5Pa evenly boosts to 0.29 * 10
5Pa; From 60 seconds to 70 seconds, pressure was from 0.29 * 10 in pressurization stages
5Pa evenly boosts to 0.5 * 10
5Pa; Packing stage is 0.5 * 10
5Pressurize is 210 seconds under the Pa.
2. diesel motor aluminium alloy cylinder metal mould low-pressure casting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the low pressure casting, the dip-coating Baume degrees was the alcohol-base paint 460# of Fushi section of 30-50 preparation before oil passage sand core that adopts and sand core of water jacket used, and the baker of going forward side by side was with 160-250 ℃ of baking 2-3 hour.
3. diesel motor aluminium alloy cylinder metal mould low-pressure casting method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in low pressure casting of the present invention, is provided with clearance type auxiliary process running channel in partial isolated thick big position.
4. diesel motor aluminium alloy cylinder metal mould low-pressure casting method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in low pressure casting process, the casting front jar sheath is preheating to temperature 400-600 ℃.
5. diesel motor aluminium alloy cylinder metal mould low-pressure casting method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, at four great circle cast gates of location arrangements of the cylinder barrel face of foundry goods with set slag trap on the bent axle face.
6. diesel motor aluminium alloy cylinder metal mould low-pressure casting method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described oil passage sand core comprises big core print and the core that is molded on the big core print, is being drilled with via hole on big core print.
7. diesel motor aluminium alloy cylinder metal mould low-pressure casting method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described sand core of water jacket, oil passage sand core and cylinder sleeve are installed on the bed die of metal casting mould, offers cast gate simultaneously on bed die.
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| CN2008100333752A CN101497121B (en) | 2008-01-31 | 2008-01-31 | Diesel motor aluminium alloy cylinder metal mould low-pressure casting method |
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| CN2008100333752A CN101497121B (en) | 2008-01-31 | 2008-01-31 | Diesel motor aluminium alloy cylinder metal mould low-pressure casting method |
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| CN101497121B true CN101497121B (en) | 2011-04-27 |
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| CN109530622A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-29 | 合肥江淮铸造有限责任公司 | A kind of engine casting cylinder body thin-walled sand core of water jacket |
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| CN113210586B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-12-06 | 共享装备股份有限公司 | Casting method of low-pressure inner cylinder of steam turbine |
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