CN101491442B - Affair-relative light signal collection analysis system - Google Patents
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- CN101491442B CN101491442B CN2009101194785A CN200910119478A CN101491442B CN 101491442 B CN101491442 B CN 101491442B CN 2009101194785 A CN2009101194785 A CN 2009101194785A CN 200910119478 A CN200910119478 A CN 200910119478A CN 101491442 B CN101491442 B CN 101491442B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system for acquiring and analyzing event-related optical signals and a lie detecting method, and relates to recognition technology and a recognition method for honesty and cheat of a litigant in national security, public security, justice and civil dispute. The invention provides a lie detecting method using EROS by overcoming the defects of the prior lie detecting technology and products, absorbing the experiences of the prior lie detecting technology and the products, and also absorbing latest theory and technological achievement of the contemporary cognitive neuroscience and photoelectric technology. The system consists of a photoconductive cap, a near infrared laser, a scattered light signal acquisition control system, event-related optical signal processing software and lie detecting software, and plays a main role in acquiring objective data that whether a testee is honest to respond to detecting stimulation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of affair-relative light signal (Event-Related Optical Signal, EROS) acquisition analysis system and lie detecting method thereof, the particularly recognition technology and the discrimination method of client's honesty and deceptive practices in national security, public security, the administration of justice and the civil disputation.
Background technology
Earlier 1900s, a kind of method as physiology and basic medical research, the physiology recording technique of leading that recording blood pressure, breathing and skin electricity change is come out more, be used to very soon detect a lie, through the continuing to use of last 100 years, on general knowledge and empirical basis, develop into the tradition that is widely used in so far in the world many countries technology of detecting a lie.The tradition general knowledge that technology is lied and followed heart beating often, blushes and perspire based on people of detecting a lie is carried out the hearing formula by police's experience of inquesting to the tested person and is putd question to, and utilizes polygraph (Polygraph) to carry out record simultaneously.Require tested people only to answer "Yes" or "No" to each question sentence, and on instrument, mark the time mark of question sentence and answer and the character of answer by main examination, each question sentence of postmortem analysis finish and answer constantly after galvanic skin response (5-10 is in second), breathe, refer to the variation of normal pulse blood pressure autonomic nervous system functions such as (2-3 are in second).The intensity of variation of these physiological parameters that comparison detection problem, unrelated problem and criterion problem cause will draw the still honest conclusion of lying.This technology of detecting a lie has been employed last 100 years, along with development of electronic technology, the technical merit of instrument improves constantly, as of late more than ten years, develop and computer-controlled a lie detector and automatic scoring system, make traditional lie detecting method obtain the outer sheet form of modern science; Yet the principle of detecting a lie but rests on general knowledge and the empirical basis, and is ceternally immutable.Calendar year 2001 USDOE suggestion down, (National Academy ofScience, NAS) expert group of tissue investigate the detect a lie science of technology of tradition in NAS.The U.S. meets with the attack of terrorism that shakes the whole world during this time, and the development of anti-terrorism technology is generally paid attention in countries in the world, makes the problem of detecting a lie become the focus of public attention.Under this background, in November, 2002, this expert group submitted a investigation report that reaches hundreds of pages to U.S. government, and published at the beginning of 2003, and the tradition technology of detecting a lie is held a negating attitude.According to applicant's view, tradition is detected a lie in the technology, the enquirement of hearing formula, sentence is different in size, and tone difference substitutes the tested response key of pressing by main examination, test data is not carried out meticulous mathematical analysis and significance test etc., all do not meet the scientific and standard of psychology experiment.Statistical analysis, signal detection, discriminant analysis and bootstrapping analysis that use in physiology and psychology and some the clinical medical diagnosis present age and the D-S evidence decision analysis in the evidence science etc. all are the analytical methods that can use for reference to detecting a lie.Unfortunately the tradition technology of detecting a lie is only paid close attention to self the experience of handling a case and volume topic method, and the analysis of response curve is mainly relied on intuitive judgment.
This expert group is very high in the authority of scientific circles, though their report thinks that the tradition technology of detecting a lie lacks scientific basic, and measurement result is a little more than level at random, and disapprove U.S. government supports this technology; But, November in 2002, the assistant secretary John of U.S. Ministry of National Defence on the 5th P.Stenbit submitted a memorandum to office of the Pentagon of Senate, clearly expression still continues to support this The Application of Technology, because this work to relevant departments is very important, USDOE has also represented same attitude.This explanation technology of detecting a lie has very strong social need; And above-mentioned report also analyzes and looks forward to the substitute technology of detecting a lie, and thinks that there is good development prospect in relevant substitute technology.
According to the experimentation and the rationale document of brain imaging, we think tested appearance three class mental activitys in the process of lying: cognitive, emotion and implementation, and these activities are the activity of brain function entirely; But all brain structures such as the inboard prefrontal lobe of its deutocerebrum, cingule gyrus, corpus amygdaloideum is movable the most key.These gyrus roads have the bioelectrical activity of specific time sequence or metabolic activity to change.The target of the technology of detecting a lie is exactly to aim at the physiological parameter of these brain structures, obtains and analyzes the photosignal relevant with metabolic activity with the physiology on these gyrus roads.In the process of detecting a lie, the tested person holds the situation of detecting a lie environment, personage and the role of oneself and facing by cognitive activities; Follow cognitive process to certainly lead to emotional response, and motivation conflict occurs at heart, form and totally deal with countermeasure; When detecting a lie, tested in the face of voice or the image that presents at the moment stimulates, by cognition-affective activity generation decision-making, make and carry out reaction.The existing long term memory function of dealing with countermeasure and decision-making in carrying out reaction has again stimulating the participation of the working memory of making a response at the moment.Though the plot of lying that lift to be unequal to number is arranged, in the complicated mental activity of these that follow lying, the link of core is that abnormality that strong motivation is supported is carried out function and to the extraordinary monitoring of implementation the most.This core link is the conscious activity that expends psychological resource, must need more brain metabolism and physiology energy to support.The present invention is based on the modern front line science level, has not only absorbed contemporary cognitive neuroscience to the new theory of brain function but also absorb the near infrared light imaging technological achievement, development outgoing event relative light signal collection analysis system and lie detecting method thereof.
Because the cost of near infrared imaging technology is compared with the functional magnetic resonance technology with test condition, has very big superiority, and the physiological parameter of test brain function is the distribution that contains oxygen and deoxyhemoglobin, the relevant signal (BOLD) of the oxygen content of being surveyed near Functional MRI (fMRI) again, so many Basic Experiment Study have appearred in the special development of paying attention to the near infrared imaging technology in international sphere of learning.Nineteen ninety-fives such as Gratton have been found the quick optical signal of brain.Incident about visual stimulus takes place in 0.1-0.3 time window second of back greatly, and scattered light signal has appearred in tested occipitalia, may be relevant with the variation that potassium, sodium, calcium ion in the brain cell process of excitation distribute inside and outside cell membrane.People such as Low found to utilize auditory stimulus Oddball experimental paradigm again in 2006, and the stimulation that small probability presents can record the forward affair-relative light signal (EROS) of 0.35 second incubation period at the tested right middle frontal gyrus of active reaction; And induce the negative sense EROS of 0.13 second incubation period in the tested left medial prefrontal of dependent response.The variation of this result and event related potential is quite similar.In the event-related brain poential research field, existing many research reports utilize the Oddball experimental paradigm to detect a lie, and therefore, we quote the EROS technology and detect a lie.Detect a lie with event-related brain poential and to compare, its advantage is that existing identical temporal resolution has better spatial resolution (being no more than 1 centimetre, by contrast more than the spatial resolution 2.0cm of event related potential) again.In addition, it is applicable to the test of prefrontal area very much, so meet the requirement of detecting a lie especially.Because no matter be the cognitive composition of lying, or affective component, and even carry out control or monitoring composition, all there are prefrontal lobe cortex and near brain structure to participate in.
In a word, utilizing EROS that brain function is carried out basic research, is an international cutting edge technology.Affair-relative light signal collection analysis system of the present invention and lie detecting method utilize this technology, value EROS and have than the better spatial resolution of event-related brain poential, and they as the brain function index of detecting a lie, are all belonged to initiative at home and abroad in the technical field of detecting a lie.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of EROS acquisition analysis system and lie detecting method thereof, with the demand that satisfies national security, social security and build a Harmonious Society.
General thought of the present invention is, overcome the deficiency that exists in traditional lie technology and the product, absorb the experience of traditional detect a lie technology and product, absorb the up-to-date theory and the near infrared imaging technology of contemporary cognitive neuroscience simultaneously, invent a kind of affair-relative light signal collection analysis system and lie detecting method thereof.
1, affair-relative light signal collection analysis system of the present invention and lie detecting method are made of photoconduction medicated cap, near infrared laser, scattered light signal acquisition control system, affair-relative light signal process software and five parts of software of detecting a lie.
(1) photoconduction medicated cap
The photoconduction medicated cap is made by gum elastic muscle and duroplasts, can be worn over easily that head is gone up or from the beginning on take off, its forehead duroplasts contact that distributing can insert or extract optical fibers and light carrier bundle, can both better contact scalp to guarantee every optical fibers with light carrier bundle.These duroplasts contacts can be on the gum elastic muscle shift position.12 of the optical fiberss of the about 0.3mm of diameter, every is long 1.5 meters, and an end is by fiber coupler and the coupling of laser instrument bright dipping end, and far-end is fixed on the corresponding scalp point by the photoconduction medicated cap, so that import near-infrared laser to head.12 of the light carrier bundles of the about 3mm of diameter arbitrarily insert or extract on the photoconduction medicated cap, are used to conduct the scattered light of gathering from the head, and light carrier bundle is distinguished corresponding site collection of scattered light from the beginning, focus on the light window of going into of photomultiplier, form the matrix of a light carrier bundle.
(2) near infrared laser
Near infrared laser is made up of lasing fluorescence pipe, frequency stabilizer, optical-fiber coupler, can emission wavelength 750～830nm frequency stabilization at the laser of 110MHz; With the optical fibers of laser coupled to diameter 0.3mm, its far-end provides the near-infrared laser of 1mW by optical-fiber coupler.
(3) scattered light signal acquisition control system
This part mainly comprises: photomultiplier, signal amplification circuit, A/D change-over circuit, CPU or DSP control circuit, and laser instrument control sequence, many leaded lights physiological signal capture program.Photomultiplier receiver window and the coupling of light carrier bundle matrix, the scattered light of reception wavelength 650～950nm.The operating current of photomultiplier is modulated at 110.005MHz, and this differs 5KHz with the frequency that is added in the modulated current on the laser diode driver.Photomultiplier will receive the scattered light signal that light carrier bundle passes over and be converted into the signal of telecommunication, send the scattered light signal acquisition control system to, amplify and filtering through amplification circuit of electrical signal, be converted to digital signal by A/D again, transmit a PC by usb circuit.The laser circuit control sequence realizes that per 2～5 milliseconds are had only beyond a luminous point and 3 centimetres one to receive light carrier bundle and work together on the scalp, by the electronic strobe switch periodic duty, reach each light carrier bundle is carried out photoproduction reason signal sampling rate 20～50Hz, and can be by the selected concrete sample rate of using of user in the man machine interface of affair-relative light signal process software.
(4) affair-relative light signal process software
The data that the scattered light signal acquisition control system sends by usb circuit, carry out FFT conversion, storage so that calculate average DC light intensity, AC amplitude and relative bit phase delay through the affair-relative light signal analysis programme, the affair-relative light signal analysis programme carries out the signal superposed average to be handled, and on display screen, show at last, simultaneous events relative light signal process software can also form control command, send to the scattered light signal acquisition control system by usb circuit, comprise the setting of photoproduction reason signal sampling rate etc.
(5) software section of detecting a lie
Mainly comprise the analysis-by-synthesis and the expression of tested person's information bank, test material storehouse, test program establishment template, tested response data and affair-relative light signal.
2, lie detecting method of the present invention is not only to the affair-relative light signal analysis method characteristic is transformed but also brought into play to traditional lie detecting method, forms a kind of new lie detecting method, mainly realizes from following six aspects:
(1) transforms traditional lie detecting method
So far, both at home and abroad the existing normal form of detecting a lie mainly is based on the circumstances of crime test (GKT), criterion problem test (CQT) etc. of polygraph; The GKT method also is used in Oddball based on the event related potential normal form of detecting a lie.The present invention abolishes the hearing formula and puts question to, and presenting every class with instruction and free hand drawing or word mode stimulates strict unified being limited to 0.2～0.5 second of presentative time; Voice and image and usefulness, to tested explanation test requirements document, key word that uses in the test or picture are presented to tested on display screen with the time series of strictness, and require tested make as early as possible button or voice answering in instruction's mode in main examination; Computer is automatically during the tested reaction of record and accuracy.
(2) the present invention absorbs following method from the fundamental research of Modern Cognitive neuroscience, as the normal form of newly detecting a lie: the present invention absorbs Go/No-GoParadigm and Flanker Paradigm from the basic research of Modern Cognitive neuroscience, as two kinds of normal forms of newly detecting a lie.
(3) to the processing of at first booting of the record data of each tested whole many leaded lights physiological signal.
Specific practice is to bring out reaction tested to what the various stimulations of using in detecting a lie were drawn, puts together and does grand mean, stimulates the reaction of being brought out to carry out average treatment separately to three classes of using in detecting a lie respectively again, and its result is deducted grand mean respectively.Calculating detection then stimulates the nothing to do with stimulation to bring out the correlation coefficient of reaction and the correlation coefficient of detection stimulation and target evoked reaction.To the criterion of lying is that the former is less than the latter.
(4) the present invention is according to the new theory of contemporary cognitive neuroscience, invent a kind of new method of detecting a lie, specific implementation is to the photoproduction of brain reason signal, and adopting respectively stimulates presentative time locking and response time to lock in addition superposed average of dual mode, obtains affair-relative light signal.
(5) with the data behind the superposed average, in the affair-relative light signal that stimulates the presentative time locking, get incubation period and be the reaction of 250-400 millisecond before positive composition as cognitive component; In the affair-relative light signal of response time locking, the negative composition of getting incubation period and be the 80-150 millisecond is as emotion and carry out composition and analyze; To cognitive component and emotion and execution composition, bringing out between the reaction that three classes are detected a lie and stimulated, average the test of significance of several differences, respectively with the criterion of P＜0.1 as significance level.
(6) carry out correlation analysis between the cognitive component of same passage and emotion and execution composition, P＜0.1 is as the standard of significant level.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is affair-relative light signal collection analysis system and lie detecting method structured flowchart
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of detecting a lie
With reference to Fig. 1,1,2,3,4,5,6-6 road input optical fiber, 7,8,9,10,11,12-6 road scattered light light carrier bundle, the 13-near infrared laser, 14-photoconduction medicated cap, 15-photomultiplier, 16-scattered light signal acquisition control system, 17-USB data wire, 18-affair-relative light signal process software, the 19-software of detecting a lie.
With reference to Fig. 2 is the concrete lie detecting method schematic flow sheet of detecting a lie.
The specific embodiment
Affair-relative light signal collection analysis system that the present invention relates to and lie detecting method are to realize like this.The schematic flow sheet of detecting a lie that provides according to Fig. 2, before implementing test, according to system requirements hardware devices such as photoconduction medicated cap 14 shown in Figure 1, near infrared laser 13, scattered light signal acquisition control system 16 are completed, computer and sound system are ready to, flow process is carried out following work according to detecting a lie again.Main examiner person uses the software of detecting a lie to set up tested person's information bank, test material storehouse and test template at first according to the material of merit.In addition, needed literal, voice or image etc. stimulate content in setting up process, in advance by the investigator with digital camera or DV machine to collection in worksite, after main examination screening, import the test material storehouse, from the test material storehouse, choose as required again and it is inserted test template, thereby test template is become the program of detecting a lie that can move.
During test, allow earlier and taken for a trial on the chair of detecting a lie of special use, please testedly put on photoconduction medicated cap 14, clean the scalp that is about to insert under optical fiber and the light carrier bundle jack with cotton ball soaked in alcohol, the input optical fiber 1-6 of conduction laser is installed in the corresponding test position of photoconduction medicated cap 14, and the other end is connected respectively to the main frame corresponding jack of near infrared laser 13.The same scattered light light carrier bundle 7-12 that gathers quick photoproduction reason signal also is installed in the corresponding test position of photoconduction medicated cap 14, and the other end is connected respectively to the corresponding jack of photomultiplier 15.Photoproduction reason signal enters on the reception optical window of photomultiplier 15 by light carrier bundle 7-12 fast, be converted into the signal of telecommunication, the signal of telecommunication through scattered light signal acquisition control system 16 inside amplifies again, A/D changes and the digitized processing of CPU or DSP, by CPU data are sent to the PC main frame by usb 17, after handling by affair-relative light signal process software soft 18 again, present protocol on LCD display, the analyzing and processing through the software 19 of detecting a lie draws the conclusion of detecting a lie at last.
During test, to tested explanation test requirements document, key word that uses in the test or picture are presented on the display screen in instruction's mode in main examination, and voice play back by audio amplifier, and require testedly to make button or voice answering by button or Mike as early as possible to stimulating.The affair-relative light signal process software 18 of PC main frame operation is responsible for tested answer by button and Mike is noted down, and forms the part of initial data, and while PC main frame is the picture signal of acquisition camera also, reaches tested monitoring.The psychological physiological data that the software 19 of detecting a lie also will obtain carries out statistical analysis, comprehensively draws the conclusion of detecting a lie.Be that example specifies its implementation process now with two kinds of lie detecting methods of the present invention.
(1) Flanker Paradigm please be tested all the time on the black cross of two eye fixation display screens center, with two variations of surplus light observation in the blank square frame in the left and right sides of cross.Wherein a square frame flashes as clue, and the prompting thorn is goaded the seat of appearance into action; But having only 80% probability, is to point out clue accurately; 20% prompting clue is inaccurate in addition, stimulates to appear at offside, promptly appears in the square frame that does not have prompting.Tested task is respectively according to stimulating the seat that occurs as early as possible by a Genius mouse left side or right button.Figure relevant with case or words are presented with 10% probabilistic manner; The figure or the words of contrast problem are presented with 10% probabilistic manner; Irrelevant words or figure present with 80% probability.Relatively during average response and the cognitive component of affair-relative light signal, mainly pay close attention to stimulation time and lock synergetic difference.It mainly is the harmony that detects between liar's cognition and the emotion.
(2) Go/No-Go Paradigm requires testedly to target stimulation button (Go), and non-target stimulation is not done reaction (No-Go), how to surveying irritant reaction by tested own definite.Relatively the difference between composition is carried out in the cognitive component of three classes stimulation and emotion and decision-making.Because it is approaching to survey stimulation and target stimulation character, honest person should make the Go reaction, and the liar suppresses this reaction, provides the NoGo reaction; But the similar Go effect of its ERP.The main execution composition of paying close attention to the affair-relative light signal of response time locking, this is to the unusual detection of carrying out function of liar.
Claims (1)
1. affair-relative light signal collection analysis system, it is characterized in that, by photoconduction medicated cap (14), near infrared laser (13), scattered light signal acquisition control system (16), the affair-relative light signal process software (18) and (19) five parts of software of detecting a lie constitute, wherein, photoconduction medicated cap (14) is made by gum elastic muscle and duroplasts, the duroplasts contact can be on the gum elastic muscle shift position, near infrared laser (13) frequency stabilization is at 110MHz and be coupled in the optical fibers that diameter is 0.3mm, it is the scattered light of 650～950nm that photomultiplier (15) receives wavelength, processing through scattered light signal acquisition control system (16) obtains many leaded lights signal data, affair-relative light signal process software (18) sends to scattered light signal acquisition control system (16) with the sample frequency of setting by USB (17), it is a pair of luminous and receive the channel signal of light to realize that per 2～5ms only gathers, sample frequency is at 20～50Hz, moving the software (19) of detecting a lie detects a lie and reaches a conclusion, wherein, affair-relative light signal process software (18) is by analyzing the affair-relative light signal that stimulates the presentative time locking, as the cognitive component in lying, the affair-relative light signal of analytical reactions time lock, as emotion and the composition of carrying out function, last affair-relative light signal process software (18) and the software of detecting a lie (19) will stimulate the affair-relative light signal data of presentative time locking and response time locking to carry out analysis-by-synthesis, Go/No-Go Paradigm and Flanker Paradigm normal form are used to detect a lie, obtain the affair-relative light signal data by affair-relative light signal collection analysis system control.
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| CN102715953B (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2014-05-28 | 吴明达 | Method for positioning positive answer zone and negative answer zone in cerebral cortex |
| JP5982483B2 (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2016-08-31 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Biological condition evaluation apparatus and program therefor |
| CN106163387A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2016-11-23 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | For detecting the system and method for the change of the heart rate of user |
| CN105011950A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2015-11-04 | 蔡雷 | Automatic test method and device |
| CN109743276B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-02-23 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Method and device for identifying optical signal modulation format |
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| CN1314130A (en) * | 2001-02-27 | 2001-09-26 | 中国人民解放军第一军医大学第一附属医院 | Event relating potential lie detector |
| WO2003059161A1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-24 | University Of Chicago | System and method for identification of false statements |
| DE202005002858U1 (en) * | 2004-11-21 | 2005-06-09 | Suchy, Slawomir | Lie detector has iris scan and audio supervision biofeedback system using range of observable biometric parameters and subject medical data |
| CN100502779C (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2009-06-24 | 北京大学 | Portable system for measuring psychologic and physiologic parameters of high-class brain functions |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100502779C (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2009-06-24 | 北京大学 | Portable system for measuring psychologic and physiologic parameters of high-class brain functions |
| CN1314130A (en) * | 2001-02-27 | 2001-09-26 | 中国人民解放军第一军医大学第一附属医院 | Event relating potential lie detector |
| WO2003059161A1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-24 | University Of Chicago | System and method for identification of false statements |
| DE202005002858U1 (en) * | 2004-11-21 | 2005-06-09 | Suchy, Slawomir | Lie detector has iris scan and audio supervision biofeedback system using range of observable biometric parameters and subject medical data |
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