CN101490897A

CN101490897A - Fluid manager including electrical contacts and a battery including the same

Info

Publication number: CN101490897A
Application number: CNA2007800130249A
Authority: CN
Inventors: J·X·吴; R·M·詹米; R·A·兰根
Original assignee: Eveready Battery Co Inc
Current assignee: Energizer Brands LLC
Priority date: 2006-06-28
Filing date: 2007-04-11
Publication date: 2009-07-22
Anticipated expiration: 2027-04-11
Also published as: KR101331634B1; JP5290150B2; KR20090032026A; CN101490897B; JP2009543272A; IL194310A

Abstract

The invention provides an apparatus and a cell combination for supplying the power for the same. The combination includes: at least a fluid consuming battery unit and a fluid regulating system capable of regulating the fluid into the cell unit, wherein the fluid regulating system comprises: a valve for preventing the fluid from entering the cell unit when the valve is in the closing position, and making the fluid pass through to enter the cell unit when the valve is in the opening position, and a circuit comprising an actuator for responding to the current and moving the valve from the first position to the second position, a switch for turning on the circuit when the valve is in the first position and a paired electric contact part for contacting with each other when the valve is in the first position, and non-contacting with each other when the valve is in the second position.

Description

Fluid manager and the battery that comprises this fluid manager with electrical contacts

Related application referring to

[0001] the application requires the U.S. Provisional Application No.60/790 of submission on April 11st, 2006,876, the U.S. Provisional Application No.60/817 that submitted on June 28th, 2006, the U.S. Provisional Application No.60/860 that on November 20th, 199 and 2006 submitted to, 175 benefited power, this with referring to mode introduce above each the application full content.

Technical field

[0002] the present invention relates to be used to control the fluid regulating system that fluid turnover such as gas has the speed of the electrochemical cell of fluid consuming electrode and battery unit, and relate to auxiliary cell of fuel cell and the battery of the unpolarized air of battery and battery unit, particularly air that uses this fluid regulating system therein.

Background technology

[0003] battery unit of electrochemical cell uses from the fluid such as oxygen and other gases outside the battery unit as active material to produce electric energy, it for example is the battery unit of the auxiliary or fuel cell of air depolarising, air, and can be used for is various portable electric appts power supplies.For example, air enters in air depolarising or the air assisted battery unit, and wherein, air can be used as active positive electrode material and maybe can fill it again.Oxygen reduction electrode impels oxygen and the reaction of battery unit electrolyte and finally impels negative electrode active material to pass through oxygen and oxidation.Material in oxygen reduction electrode impels oxygen and electrolyte reaction, and is commonly called catalyst.But, some materials that are used for oxygen reduction electrode are not real catalyst, and this is because it can reduce at least in part, particularly in the discharge process of relative fair speed.

[0004] one type air depolarized battery unit is zinc/air cell unit.Such battery unit uses zinc as negative electrode active material, and has water-based alkalescence (for example KOH) electrolyte.Manganese oxide can be used in the air of zinc/air cell unit, and can carry out electrochemical reduction and cooperate with the oxidation of negative electrode active material, when particularly the oxygen diffusion rate in entering air electrode is not enough.These manganese oxide can be then low rates of discharge or in the shut-down stage by oxygen by oxidation again.

[0005] the air assisted battery unit is the hybrid battery unit, and it comprises consumable positive and negative electrode active material and oxygen reduction electrode.Positive electrode can be kept high rate discharge in the quite long period, but, by oxygen reduction electrode, oxygen aligns electrode and partly fills again in low rates of discharge or period of not discharging, and therefore, oxygen can be used for the pith in total battery unit discharge capacity.This means that the amount that is placed on the active positive electrode material in the battery unit can reduce, and the amount of negative electrode active material can increase, thereby increase the overall cell cell capability.The example of air assisted battery unit is at commonly assigned United States Patent (USP) 6,383,674 and 5,079, and is open in 106.

[0006] air depolarising, air advantage auxiliary, fuel cell are its high-energy-density, and this is because at least a portion of the active material of at least a electrode is from generating outside the battery unit or by the fluid (for example gas) outside the battery unit.

[0007] shortcoming of these battery units is, its maximum velocity of discharge that can realize may be subject to the speed that oxygen can enter oxygen reduction electrode.Past, made great efforts improving the speed that oxygen enters oxygen reduction electrode, and/or control can cause the admission velocity that is not suitable for gas of uneconomical reaction and can fill to be respectively applied in the battery unit and hold the water speed of increasing and decrease (depending on the relative dividing potential drop of steam that battery unit is inside and outside) that the exoelectrical reaction product increases volume or makes the emptying aperture space of battery unit drying such as carbon dioxide.The example of these methods can be at United States Patent (USP) 6,558, and 828, shown in United States Patent (USP) 6,492,046, United States Patent (USP) 5,795,667, United States Patent (USP) 5,733,676, U.S.'s publication 2002/0150814 and the international monopoly publication WO 02/35641.But, the diffusion rate that changes one of these gases also influences the diffusion rate of other gases usually.Even the two-forty and the CO that have made great efforts equilibrium oxygen to spread ₂With the demand of the low rate of water, but only obtain limited success.

[0008] under the higher velocity of discharge, the more important thing is, make enough oxygen enter oxygen reduction electrode, but neutralization was not used in the period of battery unit in the low rates of discharge stage, minimized CO ₂Increase with the importance of water diffusion.In order only to increase the air stream that enters in the battery unit in the period at high rate discharge, used fan to force air to enter that (for example United States Patent (USP) 6 in the battery unit, 500,575), but the controller of fan and use thereof can increase manufacturing cost and complexity, and, even the fan mini-fan also can occupy valuable volume in the battery pack of separately battery unit, many battery units and device.

[0009] other method that has proposed is that (for example, United States Patent (USP) 6 to use valve to control the air capacity that enters battery unit, 641,947 and U.S. Patent Publication thing 2003/0186099), may need external device (ED) but operate described valve, for example the electronic device of fan and/or relative complex.

[0010] another method is used the impermeable layer between oxygen reduction electrode and external environment condition, described film has valve, its can be owing to air pressure difference switch, for example when battery discharge because the consumption of oxygen and switch (for example the U.S. Patent Publication thing 2003/0049508).But, pressure differential may be less and may be subjected to the influence of the outer atmospheric conditions of battery.

[0011] commonly assigned U.S. Patent Publication thing 2005/0136321 discloses a kind of valve by actuator operated, and actuator response puts on potential change on the actuator and the described valve of switch.

Summary of the invention

[0012] according to an aspect of the present invention, provide of the combination of a kind of device with the battery of powering for described device.Described combination comprises at least one fluid consuming electrochemical cell and can regulate fluid and flows into fluid regulating system in the battery unit.Fluid regulating system comprises: valve, be used for when valve is in the closed position stoping fluid to flow into battery unit, and when valve is in the enable possition, make fluid from it by entering in the battery unit; Circuit, it comprises: actuator is used in response to the electric current that passes through from it valve being moved to the second place from primary importance; Switch is used for initial turn-on circuit when valve is in primary importance; With paired electrical contacts, it is in contact with one another when valve is in primary importance, and does not contact mutually when valve is in the second place.

[0013] according to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of fluid regulating system, it comprises: valve, be used for when valve is in the closed position stoping fluid to flow, and when valve is in the enable possition, make fluid from it by entering in the described battery unit; Circuit, it comprises: actuator is used in response to the electric current that passes through from it valve being moved to the second place from primary importance; Switch is used for initial turn-on circuit when valve is in primary importance; With paired electrical contacts, it is in contact with one another when valve is in primary importance, and does not contact mutually when valve is in the second place.

[0014] with reference to the following description book, claims and accompanying drawing, those skilled in the art will be further understood that and are familiar with these and other features of the present invention, advantage and purpose.

Description of drawings

[0015] in the accompanying drawings:

[0016] Fig. 1 is the stereogram according to the battery of first embodiment of the invention structure, wherein demonstrates the top of battery;

[0017] Fig. 2 is the stereogram of battery shown in Fig. 1, wherein demonstrates the bottom of battery;

[0018] Fig. 3 is the exploded perspective view of each parts that demonstrates battery bottom and be formed for the fluid regulating system of this battery;

[0019] Fig. 4 is the stereogram that can be used for first structure of the fluid regulating system in the battery shown in Fig. 1 and 17;

[0020] Fig. 5 A and 5B are the valve of the illustration fluid regulating system partial sections when being in the opening and closing position;

[0021] Fig. 6 is the stereogram that can be used for the alternative structure of the fluid regulating system in the battery shown in Fig. 1 and 17;

[0022] Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that is used for the first alternative actuator structure of the present invention;

[0023] Fig. 8 is another the alternative structure that is used for actuator of the present invention;

[0024] Fig. 9 is the vertical view that is used for the fluid regulating system on another actuator structure of employing of the present invention and outer mold forming chassis;

[0025] Fig. 9 A is the vertical view that adopts the fluid regulating system of the actuator with single pin according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Fig. 9 B is the vertical view that adopts the fluid regulating system of alternative pin actuator;

[0027] Figure 10 A and 10B are the sectional views that is used for the part that comprises valve of battery of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 is the alternative structure that can be used for the fluid regulating system of different embodiments of the invention;

[0029] Figure 12 is the exploded perspective view of change example of the battery of first embodiment of the invention;

[0030] Figure 13 is the partial section of a kind of possibility embodiment of alternative battery structure shown in Figure 12;

[0031] Figure 14 is another possibility structure of alternative battery structure shown in Figure 12;

[0032] Figure 15 is the partial section that shows the different structure that is used for first embodiment of the invention;

[0033] Figure 16 is the partial section of the another possibility embodiment of first embodiment of the invention;

[0034] Figure 17 is the exploded perspective view of second embodiment of battery constructed according to the invention;

[0035] Figure 18 is the partial section of battery shown in Figure 17;

[0036] Figure 19 is the sectional view that shows the details that electrically contacts joint that can be used for the present invention first or second embodiment;

[0037] Figure 20 is demonstration Fig. 1 of partial cross section according to the alternative structure of the battery of second embodiment of the invention

[0038] Figure 21 is amended jar the partial perspective view that can be used in the structure shown in Figure 20;

[0039] Figure 22 is the partial perspective view that can be used for the liner in the structure shown in Figure 20;

[0040] Figure 23 is the sectional view of the part of liner shown in Figure 22;

[0041] Figure 24 can be used for according to the liner in the battery of third embodiment of the invention structure and the exploded perspective view of lid;

[0042] Figure 25 is the sectional view according to the battery of fourth embodiment of the invention structure;

[0043] Figure 26 is the sectional view according to the battery of fifth embodiment of the invention structure;

[0044] Figure 27 is the partial section of the part of battery shown in Figure 26, but valve wherein is in the closed position;

[0045] Figure 28 is the stereogram that is used for the valve member of battery shown in Figure 26;

[0046] Figure 29 is the exploded perspective view according to the battery of sixth embodiment of the invention, does not wherein demonstrate fluid regulating system actuator and control circuit;

[0047] Figure 30 is the sectional view of battery shown in Figure 29 from the being seen fluid regulating system in right side;

[0048] Figure 31 is the sectional view according to the fluid regulating system of seventh embodiment of the invention;

[0049] Figure 32 is the exploded stereogram according to the part of the fluid regulating system of the embodiment of the invention;

[0050] Figure 33 A is the vertical view of the embodiment of valve in the closed position, wherein also comprises the schematic diagram of the part of control circuit;

[0051] Figure 33 B is the vertical view of the embodiment of valve shown in Figure 33 A, but valve wherein is in the enable possition;

[0052] Figure 33 C is the vertical view of the embodiment of valve shown in Figure 33 B, but actuator wherein is in elongation state;

[0053] Figure 33 D is the vertical view of the embodiment of valve shown in Figure 33 A, but wherein two actuators all are in the shortening state;

[0054] Figure 34 is the vertical view according to the part of the fluid regulating system of the embodiment of the invention;

[0055] Figure 35 is the stereogram that is fastened to the SMA line of connector;

[0056] Figure 36 is the partial perspective view of fluid regulating system according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein adopts the pivot rods with slip electrical contacts;

[0057] Figure 37 is the vertical view of the part of fluid regulating system shown in Figure 36, and wherein example illustrates the rotation of described bar and sliding contacting part;

[0058] Figure 38 is the partial perspective view according to the fluid regulating system of another embodiment, wherein adopts the pivot rods with alternative electrical connection section;

[0059] Figure 39 is the exploded perspective view of fluid regulating system according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein adopts swingle;

[0060] Figure 40 is the vertical view of fluid regulating system shown in Figure 39, and valve demonstration wherein is in the enable possition;

[0061] Figure 41 is the vertical view of fluid regulating system shown in Figure 39, and valve wherein shows in the closed position;

[0062] Figure 42 is the exploded perspective view according to the fluid regulating system of another embodiment, wherein adopts the bar that pivots around flexible, hinged portion;

[0063] Figure 43 is the vertical view of fluid regulating system shown in Figure 42, and valve demonstration wherein is in the enable possition;

[0064] Figure 44 is the vertical view of fluid regulating system shown in Figure 42, and valve wherein shows in the closed position;

[0065] Figure 45 is the vertical view according to the fluid regulating system of an embodiment, wherein adopts the passive actuator of closing;

[0066] Figure 46 is the stereogram according to the battery with fluid regulating system of another embodiment, wherein has the pressure that is arranged in the chassis and discharges flow path;

[0067] Figure 47 is the exploded perspective view that comprises the battery of the fluid regulating system with pressure relief path shown in Figure 46;

[0068] Figure 48 is the sectional view that the part XL VIII-XL along the line VIII of battery shown in Figure 46 and fluid regulating system is got;

[0069] Figure 49 is the sectional view that chassis XLIX-XLIX along the line shown in Figure 47 is got, and wherein further example illustrates the baffle that forms tortuous fluid passage;

[0070] Figure 50 is the exploded perspective view according to the battery with fluid regulating system of another embodiment, wherein has pressure and discharges flow path;

[0071] Figure 51 is the stereogram according to the fluid regulating system of another embodiment, wherein adopts to show the rotation movable plate that is in the valve off-position;

[0072] Figure 52 is the stereogram of fluid regulating system shown in Figure 51, and valve demonstration wherein is in the enable possition;

[0073] Figure 53 is the vertical view according to the fluid regulating system of further embodiment, wherein adopts the rotatable movable plate that is in valve opening position; With

[0074] Figure 54 is the vertical view of fluid regulating system shown in Figure 53, and valve wherein shows in the closed position.

Embodiment

[0075] embodiments of the invention comprise the battery with electrochemical cell, and described battery unit adopts the active material of its outer fluid (for example oxygen or other gas) as one of electrode.Described battery unit has fluid consuming electrode, for example oxygen reduction electrode.Described battery unit can be air depolarized battery unit, air assisted battery unit or fuel cell.Battery also has fluid regulating system, be used for regulating the speed that fluid leads to the fluid consuming electrode air electrode of air depolarized battery unit and air assisted battery unit (for example), thereby the outer fluid of the battery unit that q.s is provided is used for battery unit and carries out high speed or high power discharge, and makes the increase and decrease that enters the fluid of fluid consuming electrode and pass in and out the water of battery unit in the low speed or the process of not discharging minimize simultaneously.

[0076] preferably, fluid regulating system will have quick response at the battery unit potential change, long cycle life, with the low operating voltage and the high efficiency of battery unit discharge voltage range matched well.In addition, but regulating system will preferably have the low permeability at the fluid that is controlled in off-position, the needs of the active fluid in the battery unit and open and close in proportion to, the total discharge capability of battery unit that only needs minute quantity, have little volume, and be easy to make cheaply and incorporate among the battery unit or on.

[0077] can be when this word " fluid " is meant at battery unit generation electric energy by the fluid that fluid consuming electrode consumed of fluid consuming cells unit, unless point out separately.The present invention will carry out illustration by the air depolarized battery unit with oxygen reduction electrode hereinafter, but the present invention can be more in being usually used in the fluid consuming cells unit with other types fluid consuming electrode such as fuel cell.Fuel cell can use the outer all gases of cell casing as at least a active material in the battery unit electrode.

[0078] further as described below with reference to Fig. 1-3, battery 10 constructed according to the invention comprises fluid consuming cells unit 20 and fluid regulating system 50.Fluid regulating system 50 is regulated fluids flowing to one or more fluid consuming electrode of fluid consuming cells unit 20.For the air depolarized battery unit, fluid regulating system is arranged on the inboard or the outside of the cell casing 30 of fluid consuming cells unit 20, and be arranged on the air side of oxygen reduction electrode (that is, be arranged on oxygen reduction electrode can be outside cell casing on the surface of bubbling air or its a part of on).

[0079] first embodiment of battery 10 constructed according to the invention is displayed among Fig. 1-3.As shown in the figure, fluid consuming cells unit 20 (being the air depolarized battery unit in the case) comprises the cell casing 30 with first enclosure compartment and second enclosure compartment, first enclosure compartment and second enclosure compartment can comprise jar 34 and lid 36 respectively, perhaps can have to be different from the shape and size that may be considered to jar or lid.For the illustration purpose, first enclosure compartment is called as jars 34 hereinafter, and second enclosure compartment is called as hereinafter and covers 36.Jars 34 and lid 36 by the conductive material support, but be electrically insulated from each other by liner 38 (Figure 13).Jar 34 is used as the negative contact terminal in outside as the outside positive contact terminals of fluid consuming cells unit 20 and cover 36.As hereinafter further as described in, battery unit 20 further comprises first electrode 40 that can be fluid consuming electrode or air electrode, can be second electrode 42 of negative electrode (being anode), and is arranged on the isolation part 44 (seeing Figure 13) between first and second electrodes.First electrode 40 preferably is electrically connected to jars 34, and second electrode 42 preferably is electrically connected to and covers 36.

[0080] jar 34 comprises basal surface 35, is provided with a plurality of fluid intake ports 32 in basal surface 35, makes fluid to pass through to cell casing 30 inside, thereby reaches fluid consuming electrode 40 (seeing Figure 13).

[0081] in embodiment shown in Fig. 1-3, fluid regulating system 50 is fastened to the outside of jar 34 basal surfaces 35.Fluid regulating system 50 can be attached to the concrete mode of battery unit 20 outsides and will further discuss hereinafter.In addition, among the embodiment that further describes hereinafter, fluid regulating system 50 is incorporated on the inboard of fluid consuming cells unit 20.

[0082] fluid regulating system 50 according to this specific embodiment can comprise valve 60, valve 60 comprises: first plate 62 (its can corresponding to the basal surface 35 of jar 34) with a plurality of holes 64 (its can corresponding to fluid intake port 32), with removable second plate 66 with a plurality of holes 68, hole 68 on size, shape, quantity and the position corresponding to the hole 64 that in first plate 62,

forms.Hole

64 and 68 size, shape, quantity and optimum seeking site ground are optimised, so that the fluid that is supplied to fluid consuming electrode of aequum and distribution to be provided.The size in hole 64, shape, quantity and relative position needn't be identical with size, shape, quantity and the relative position in hole 68.For example, if hole 64 is slightly different with hole 68 dimensionally, then always to open area for the maximum that realizes passing

plate

62 and 66 be not necessary for

hole

64 and 68 accurate aligning.

[0083] fluid regulating system 50 can further comprise the chassis 70 with circumferential body part 72, and circumferential body part 72 has opening 74, the second plates 66 and is arranged in the opening 74.Opening 74 preferably on shape and size, be set to contact described plate 66 than long side edges, and provide exceptional space at the shorter side of plate 66 simultaneously, make that plate 66 can be along being parallel to its axis linear slide of long yardstick.Therefore, as shown in Figure 5A and 5B, the hole of second plate 66 68 is removable and aim at or misalignment with the hole 64 of first plate 62, makes valve 60 opening and closing thus.The chassis preferably is set to guiding and can keeps second plate 66 to be adjacent to first plate 62, and this will further discuss hereinafter.As shown in Figure 5A and 5B, by oil or special teflon (

) lubricating layer 69 made can be arranged between plate 62 and 66 so that second plate 66 can more easily slide along the surface of plate 62.Like this, lubricating layer 69 makes the described valve can opening and closing under the situation of the less actuator force of needs.In addition, because the surface that may be difficult to make plate 62 and 66 is enough smoothly to provide excellent sealing, therefore, lubricating layer 69 can be used for improving the sealing property of valve, and does not need described plate is carried out the machine work of complex and expensive so that its surface is more level and smooth.Second plate 66 can be made by magnetic material, and magnetic material is for example for being usually used in being arranged on the material in the liner on the refrigerator.By using magnetic sheet 66, chassis 70 does not need to be set to comprise that any other mechanism is firmly to keep being close to plate 62 with plate 66.Magnetic sheet 66 is preferably the flexible magnet of the shape that can conform to adjacent panels 62.Magnetic sheet 66 can be made by the magnetic material that is fit to, and magnetic material for example is the mixture of ferromagnetic (for example barium strontium ferrite) and elastomeric material.Magnetic sheet 66 can be not consume energy to keep the permanent magnet of enough magnetic force from battery unit 20.In embodiment shown in Fig. 3 and 12, removable second plate 66 can be crimped on top and the bottom by cover 100 (these will further describe hereinafter) and jar 34 basal surfaces 35.In alternate embodiments, battery 10 ' the have fluid regulating system 50 shown in Figure 29 and 30 '.The chassis 70 shown in Fig. 3 and 12, chassis 70 ' be higher than.This can help making fluid to move between cover 100 and removable plate 66, thus more uniform fluid distribution is provided on the surface of plate 66 and when plate 66 and 62 in the enable possition to providing more uniform fluid mobile on time by hole 68 and 64.

[0084] chassis 70 ' can comprise the flange 71 that extends internally, thus slideway or the groove 73 that plate 66 can be slided therein formed.The vertical position of flange 71 may be selected to be the slideway 73 that forms desired yardstick, so that plate 66 is enough kept being close to surface 35 securely, thereby when

plate

66 and 62 in off-position to excellent sealing is provided on time, but be not tension and influence the slip of desirable plate 66.Flange 71 can be chassis 70 ' integration section, or can be discrete parts.For example, flange 71 can adopt plain washer or be molded in chassis main body 72 ' in the form of cutting, or can be fixed to chassis main body 72 ' discrete parts.Flange 71 can be by making with chassis main body 72 ' identical or different materials.Can select chassis main body 72 ' and the material of flange 71 all providing desirable intensity to the two, and make plate 66 level and smooth slip slideway 73 in.If chassis main body 72 ' or flange 71 make by conductive material, then may need electric parts insulation with actuator 80 and control circuit 90.As the alternative scheme of continuous flange, can use series of projections.

[0085] flange 71 and/or chassis main body 72 ' also can be revised as comprise one or more other structures, for example extend across opening 74 ' and be in the rib of plate 66 tops, with so that the middle body of plate 66 keeps smooth.Alternately, can be used for making the middle body of plate 66 to keep smooth from covering 100 downward protuberance.

[0086] chassis 70 ' can comprise makes cover 100 second slideways 77 that remain in wherein, as shown in Figure 31.This second slideway can form by one or more other flange 79a and 79b.This structure can help assembling in advance the parts of described cover and fluid regulating system, thereby can be added to the fluid consuming cells unit in manufacture process in another step.In another embodiment, static plate 62 is not the surface 35 of jar 34, chassis 70 ' can be included in another flange (not shown) of flange 71 belows, thus form bigger slideway to keep static plate 62 and removable plate 66.

[0087] chassis 70 ' flange 71 can be the continuous flange that extends around opening 74 ' whole circumference, perhaps can be the discontinuous flange that only extends, as shown in Figure 29 along the part circumference.If discontinuous flange is fit to the location and movable plate 66 has enough flexibilities, if the pressure in the battery unit becomes too high, then the flange of movable plate 66 can be outwardly-bent between the two ends of discontinuous flange 71, with plate 66 and plate 62 and carrier frame 72 ' between path is provided, when described valve portion ground was opened or closed, gas can escape in the external environment condition by described path.In such embodiments, plate 66 preferably has the performance of spring-like, makes that plate 66 will conform to the shape on the surface 35 of jar 34 once more when pressing fully reduction in the battery unit.

[0088] in alternate embodiments, described cover is as static valve plate, and removable plate is arranged on the contiguous place of cover, the chassis can comprise that flange is close to described cover to keep removable plate, and simultaneously between the surface of removable plate and described pot bottom, keep the space, be beneficial to make even air to be assigned to each hole in the jar.As previously mentioned, present embodiment also can be included in second slideway in the chassis, wherein maintains described cover.

[0089] fluid regulating system can activate in response to the voltage of fluid depolarising battery unit, and is as described below, perhaps can be activated by the user, perhaps can activate by the combination of methods availalbe.For example, when will installing switch, the user by the equipment of described device power supply places when opening (on) position, can open described valve by mechanical action is initial, and place when closing (off) position, can initially close described valve by mechanical action when the user will install switch.When the device switch remains on open position, the operation of the described valve of control circuit may command.In another embodiment, when described device is opened, can be fed to fluid regulating system with the described valve of initial unlatching from the electric power of battery unit, and when described device was closed, described valve can activated and cut out.

[0090] actuator preferably is set to the part of fluid regulating system 50 with activated valve 60.Actuator can comprise control circuit 90, produces control signal with the voltage of sensing fluid consuming cells unit 20 and in response to detected battery cell voltage.Circuit 90 can be application-specific IC (ASIC), and it is preferably mounted on the surface on chassis 70.The main body 72 on chassis 70 is preferably made by electrically non-conductive material, makes trace 96 or 98 can be printed on the chassis surface, and this will further discuss hereinafter.Chassis 70 thereby can be printed circuit board (PCB).The chassis can be molded or moulding form, and great majority or all electrical connection sections can be the pressure contact site, thereby the assembling complexity is minimized.But, the chassis may need some machine works and some electrical connections, and may need some solderings or welding.The selection of chassis material can based on chassis material and its as jam pot cover frame up frame, as the compatibility of the multifunctional usage of electronic device printed circuit board (PCB) and carry out, perhaps carry out according to its ability/compatibility that is attached to battery unit.Can among the layer structure on chassis and/or on crucial depression is provided, be used for installation and control circuit 90.These any parts that will allow to be installed keep concordant with chassis surface, are beneficial to assemble with battery.Also possible is, may wish will be such as the printed circuit traces trace 96 and 98 coated with electrically non-conductive material, is pressing metal cap 100 or jars 34 o'clock is being short-circuited preventing.Alternately, one or more recesses can be arranged in the chassis, for example by molded or machine work setting, are used to hold one or more parts whole and a part of of control circuit and actuator.These recesses can be used for making each positioning parts on the chassis diverse location and be anchored in the parts that extend beyond carrier frame, as described below.

[0091] as the platform of electronic device, desirable is that the base material on chassis 70 is an existing P CB material.The most frequently used base material comprises epoxy resin and fiber glass reinforcement.May it is desirable for chassis 70 for layer structure with integrated and protection electronic circuit component, and keep the surface concordant and be parallel to jars 34 basal surface 35.As previously mentioned, the internal diameter on chassis can adopt the durability metal runners with encapsulation slip valve plate 66.Slideway can plate 66 " locking " is in place (thereby can not coming off it), provides enough axial forces to separate in use to prevent described valve, but the power that it provided is not enough to stop plate 66 to slide.The chassis thus can be shaped, molded or machine work forms, whether this depends on that material selects, no matter be made of metal, and realizes that all valve slideway shape installs chip or form through hole (open-work) to flush.Can have conducting channel in described through hole, described conducting channel is on the side and edge on chassis when being installed in the battery unit outside, perhaps is on the both sides on chassis 70 when being installed in battery unit inside.

[0092] conductive path of circuit 90 can be arranged on the both sides on chassis 70 and in the described through hole.This can realize by the electroplating processes or the silk screen printing of conducting paste, particularly fills described through hole.Conductive foil can apply when substrate is shaped, and with unwanted partially-etched removal.Copper is the most frequently used material.May need multilayer and multiple material to guarantee to be adhered to substrate, this depends on the base material that is adopted.

[0093] the attached a kind of method that is used as the ASIC of control circuit 90 is to use direct method, wherein owing to spatial limitation is different from encapsulate chip.Directly the common method of chip attach comprises wire-bonded and flip-chip.Wire-bonded will use the lead-in wire of the about 0.02mm of diameter (0.0008 inch) to join 4-6 chip mat and circuitry substrate to.Chip and wire-bonded portion can be encapsulated in nonconducting epoxy resin to protect.Attached by flip-chip, described pad can weld pretreated by Pb/Sn, and is soldered to substrate afterwards.Chip can be by epoxy encapsulation to provide protection after attached.

[0094] in Fig. 3 and 4 illustrated embodiments, actuator further comprises a plurality of marmems (SMA) parts, and the SMA parts comprise SMA lead-in wire 82a and the 2nd SMA lead-in wire 82b.SMA lead-in wire is fastened to arbitrary end on chassis 70, and is electrically connected to trace 96 and 98, and trace 96 and 98 extends to the opposition side on chassis 70 from control circuit 90.Make the control signal of electric current by SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b by providing, control circuit 90 can make the SMA lead-in wire be heated, and this causes the SMA lead-in wire to expand or is contracted to length-specific.This thus cause SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b to draw second plate 66 along a direction or rightabout, and plate 66 is slipped into or breaks away from and open or off-position, thereby optionally allow fluid (being air) to feed cell casing 30 inside.

[0095] as shown in Figure 4, two

contact terminals

92 and 94 are arranged on the chassis 70, to be connected to the positive and negative terminal of battery unit 20.

Contact terminal

92 and 94 can be arranged on the arbitrary surfaces on chassis 70, and it is as described below, can preferably one of contact terminal (specifically can be terminal 94) be arranged on the edge surface outwardly on chassis 70, thereby make its outside that can be exposed to battery component, be used for being connected to subsequently the lid 36 of battery unit 20.On the other hand, contact terminal 92 can be arranged on the inner surface best, thus pressurized and electrically contacting with cover 100 current-carrying part, or on opposed surface, be electrically connected with the basal surface 35 of jar 34.

Contact terminal

92 and 94 jar 34 that is electrically connected to battery unit 20 and lid 36 mode will further be discussed hereinafter.

[0096] as shown in Figure 3, fluid regulating system 50 can further comprise: cover or cover 100, its extend across and alternatively around chassis 70 with protection with cover fluid regulating system 50.Cover 100 preferably includes one or more holes 102, flows to valve 60 and optionally feeds battery unit 20 to allow fluid from outside.As previously mentioned, cover 100 can be used as first plate 62.

[0097] preferably, when applying electric current with indication when using battery unit 20, valve 60 is in the enable possition, and when not applying electric current and do not use battery unit with indication, valve 60 cuts out.In reference Fig. 3,4,6,7,8,12,32,33A-D, 34,36-44,53 and 54 embodiment that discuss, SMA lead-in wire 82a-82e draws but not pushes second valve plate 66.Like this, in Fig. 3 and 4, SMA lead-in wire 82a draws described opening of valves, and the 2nd SMA lead-in wire 82b draws described valve and closes.In embodiment shown in Fig. 6, two lead-in wires 82a and 82b are used for along a direction traction valve plate 66, and two other lead-in wire 82c and 82d are used for drawing in opposite direction described plate.In Fig. 7, two lead-in wires 82a and 82b are used for along a direction towing plate 66, and single lead-in wire 82c is used for towing plate 66 in opposite direction.In Fig. 8, three lead-in wires 82a, 82b and 82c are used for drawing described plate along a direction, and two lead-in wire 82d and 82e are used for drawing in opposite direction described plate.SMA lead-in wire 82 can be arranged in parallel or around the central point of valve plate 66 with the symmetric mode setting, thereby provide balanced power in chassis 70, to adhere to prevent plate 66.Usually, when the electric current that puts on the SMA lead-in wire is provided from battery unit, can be advantageously, electric current only applies when the actuator initial movable and no longer applies when actuator is in stable state, to prevent the unnecessary use of battery unit amount.As shown in the figure, the SMA lead-in wire can be installed as roughly and extend in parallel to each other.SMA lead-in wire also can be installed as the moving direction that is parallel to plate 66 and extend (for example referring to Fig. 3) or extend (for example referring to Fig. 9,9A and 9B) perpendicular to the moving direction of plate 66.

[0098] the SMA lead-in wire can be made by the memory shape metal alloy of any conventional.Marmem is can be in distortion under the temperature but the alloy of shape can return it when being heated or cooled before.This performance comes from martensitic phase and the austenite solid-state phase changes between mutually.The preferred shape memorial alloy has bidirectional shape memory, that is, phase transformation is reversible when heating and cooling.The example of marmem comprises: NiTi, NiTi copper, copper zinc-aluminium and Batterium are preferably NiTi and NiTi copper.Using NiTi copper can be favourable for actuator, and this actuator can be operated repeatedly owing to its fatigue resistance.The manufacturer of NiTi and other marmems comprises: Specialty Metals, Shaped MemoryAlloy Division (the new Hartford in USA New York), Memry Corporation (Connecticut, USA Bethel) and Dynalloy, Inc. (California, USA Mesa).

[0099] Fig. 9 demonstrates and is attached to SMA lead-in wire 82a and the 82b another way with movable plate 66.According to this change example, SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b are set to not be that the longest yardstick along plate 66 extends, but are approximately perpendicular to the moving direction of plate 66.The first lead-in wire 82a can be heated and the first lead-in wire 82a is shunk, and the second lead-in wire 82b is not heated to allow this lead-in wire crooked.Like this, plate 66 can move (in Fig. 9 right-hand, shown in solid line) along first direction.In order to move described plate (promptly towards left) in opposite direction, can from lead-in wire 82a, eliminate electric current, thereby the 82a cooling that allows to go between is crooked, and electric current can be put on lead-in wire 82b simultaneously, heat lead-in wire 82b thus and make its contraction.This causes described plate and lead-in wire to move to position as shown in phantom in Figure 9.

[0100] chassis 70 is shown as the circuit trace that has control circuit 90 and form on chassis main body 72 top surfaces.In addition, SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b are attached to the top surface on chassis 70 to electrically contact with circuit trace.Chassis 70 further shows to have external mold forming body 300 in Fig. 9, external mold forming body 300 forms Coverage Control circuit 90 and circuit trace, thus the parts that encapsulation and protection are provided with on chassis 70.Like this, external mold forming body 300 is as the part on chassis 70.External mold forming body 300 can comprise nonconducting epoxy resin or other external mold moulding materials.In addition, external mold forming body 300 further is shown as and comprises the integrally formed rib 302 that extends across opening 74 and be in movable plate 66 tops.Rib 302 is shown as the middle body that forms V-arrangement roughly and be used to make the movable plate 66 that is in following fixed head 62 tops and keeps smooth.In one embodiment, fixed head 62 is connected to bottom side or its external mold forming body 300 on chassis 70, and the battery unit of battery is connected to the top side of the external mold forming body 300 on chassis 70.

[0101] in the embodiment shown in Fig. 9, first and second SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b engage

discrete actuator pin

304a and 304b respectively, and

actuator pin

304a and 304b are connected to movable plate 66.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 9 A, single actuator pin 304 can be used for fluid regulating system 50.Under situation with single actuator pin 304, one side of the one SMA lead-in wire 82a double pointed nail 304, and the opposite side of the 2nd SMA lead-in wire 82b double pointed nail 304, thereby make SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b activate described pin 304 in opposite direction, make plate 66 move to the left or to the right to open or to close described valve.In this embodiment, actuator pin 304 can comprise the lead-in wire receiving unit that is in differing heights, for example locking key or seam, SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b in order to the correspondence that is bonded on differing heights make SMA lead-in wire 82a can not be in contact with one another or otherwise mutual interference mutually with 82b.

[0102], wherein demonstrates actuator pin 304 according to the alternative scheme that is used for fluid regulating system 50 of another embodiment referring to Fig. 9 B.Pin 304 demonstrations comprise 306a of first and

second portion

306b, and 306a of first and second portion 306b are higher than the remainder of the pin 304 of general square shape, make SMA lead-in wire 82a engage described part 306a, and SMA lead-in wire 82b engage described part 306b.Upstand shown in described

part

306a and 306b can comprise.Alternately, described

part

306a and 306b can be included in the seam that forms in pin or other structures 304.Correspondingly, can adopt single or multiple actuator connected structures, thereby allow SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b to activate described movable plate 66 with the described valve of opening and closing along either direction.

[0103] Figure 10 A and 10B demonstrate two end views of the valve 60 of contiguous jar of 34 outer surfaces use.Battery unit when Figure 10 A demonstrates and stops work, wherein, valve 60 cuts out and makes

hole

64 and 68 misalignment.Position when second plate 66 that Figure 10 B demonstrates described valve moves to the enable possition, this situation will occur when using battery unit.This causes

hole

64 and 68 to be aimed at and allows fluid to feed battery unit inside thus.As shown in the figure, SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b can be attached to chassis 70 by a pair of spring contact site 76, wherein, but SMA lead-in wire crimping, clamping, soldering or be welded to spring contact site 76.

[0104] Figure 11 demonstrates another embodiment of the valve 60 that can be used in the different embodiments of the invention.Valve 60 comprises first plate 62 with a plurality of holes 64.Plate 62 can be with respect to chassis 70 and keeps static discrete plate or can be the jar of cell casing 30 or a part of covering.Plate 62 can be made of metal, and this metal can be magnetic or nonmagnetic metal.Valve 60 further comprises second plate 66 with a plurality of holes 68, hole 68 on quantity, size, shape and position corresponding to the hole 64 of first plate 62.Plate 66 can be magnetic or nonmagnetic metal.Be similar to previous embodiment, preferably the chassis 70 of being made by electrically non-conductive material comprises circumferential body 72, and circumferential body part 72 has opening 74, is used for bearing plate 66.Opening 74 is set to be slightly larger than plate 66 in one direction, thereby makes plate 66 make hole 64 and 68 removable alignings or misalignment thus so that valve 60 opening and closing with respect to plate 62 linear slide.Embodiment shown in Figure 11 is with the difference of aforesaid embodiment up to now, adopts the part of lever arm 84 as actuator 80.Lever arm 84 comprises the pivotal pin 86 that is undertaken in hole, seam or the recess 78 that forms in chassis 70, make lever arm 84 can be fastened to chassis 70 pivotly.This can for example realize as follows, that is: amplification and transformation recess 78 are to assemble and to extend partially into around pivotal pin 86 in the necked-in region between pivotal pin 86 and lever arm 84 main bodys, thereby pivotal pin 86 is positioned in the recess 78, but still allows lever arm 84 in recess 78, to pivot.Can use other modes that pivotal pin 86 is fastened to the chassis, for example, by the downward protuberance that extends from pivotal pin 86, this protuberance is undertaken in the hole in recess 78 base flange.Actuator pin 88 preferably extends downwards from the main body of lever arm 84, thereby it can be undertaken in the hole 67 that forms in second plate 66.This allows lever arm 84 fish plates 66, and thereby second plate 66 is slided with respect to first plate 62.In this ad hoc structure, a pair of SMA lead-in wire 82a and 82b are attached to the top surface of lever arm 84 by attached position 89.All the other ends of lead-in wire 82a and 82b can be attached to chassis 70.Lead-in wire 82a and 82b can be fastened to the recess in the chassis, and it for example is similar to recess 78.Lead-in wire can be fastening by any suitable mode, for example by bonding, by pin or by the head that will increase be assembled to carry out in the recess with limited opening fastening.The SMA lead-in wire is electrically connected to control circuit (not shown in Figure 11), and control circuit optionally puts on electric current SMA lead-in wire 82a and 82b in response to detected battery cell voltage.By this way, SMA lead-in wire 82a and 82b can draw lever arm along either direction in two rightabouts, thereby cause lever arm 84 that second plate 66 is slided with respect to first plate 62.In this case, chassis 70 is as the go between installation site of 82 ends of the pivoted position of lever arm 84 and SMA, also provides guiding with respect to plate 62 and guided plate 66 simultaneously.

[0105] SMA of other structures lead-in wire and bar can be used for the valve in the operating fluid regulating system.For example, SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b can be by two discrete attached positions but not single attached position 89 is attached to lever arm 84.In alternative embodiment, SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b all are secured to chassis 70 at two ends, wherein, are assembled in the groove 85 in the lever arm 84 by will go between 82a and 82b, and the center of each lead-in wire is connected to bar 84, as shown in Figure 34.

[0106] the SMA lead-in wire can be connected to the parts of fluid regulating system by the mode that is fit to.In one embodiment, at least one end of SMA lead-in wire 82 is positioned in the connector 87 that is fit to size, as shown in Figure 35.Preferably, SMA lead-in wire 82 is crimped onto in the connector 87.Alternatively, lead-in wire can be gluing before or after crimping, be welded or soldered to connector.But connector then in the corresponding aperture in the insertion parts (for example chassis 70 or lever arm 84) so that SMA lead-in wire 82 is connected to this parts.Preferably, connector 87 can have conductivity and can SMA go between 82 with a control circuit part between form and electrically contact, this part of control circuit is positioned on the parts surface in the described hole of qualification.Connector 87 is can be for example bonding by interference fit, conductivity, soldering or welding and be held in place in described hole.

[0107] in one embodiment, control circuit is used for the electric current of restricted passage SMA lead-in wire to be opened or off-position only at required time valve is moved to, in this case, and after electric current stops, the SMA lead-in wire can return to its original length (for example, elongation).When this thing happens, SMA lead-in wire can not remain on desirable position with described plate, and for example allowed it to slide into that part is opened or part is closed to the position.When existence is used to make slide plate to move to the opposite SMA lead-in wire of another location, especially true; When the SMA that activates extends, can draw slide-valve from the elasticity tension of the opposite SMA of actuating not electric current stops after.In this case, slide plate can remain on desirable position, has a mind to move apart this position up to this plate.A kind of exemplary means that is used for slide plate is remained on desired position is a lock mechanism.Can use any suitable mechanism.In one embodiment, the locking key of spring biasing can be cooperated with the protuberance of sled surface extension or the recess in the sled surface.Spring force can be selected as being enough to keep described plate to slide to prevent its accident, but enough little of to be overcome by the effect of opposite SMA lead-in wire easily and to make described plate slide into another desired position.

[0108] in another embodiment, keep slide plate to prevent its unexpected slip by the friction between slide plate and another battery unit or the fluid regulating system parts.Friction between described plate and miscellaneous part is enough to prevent unexpected the slip, but can be not excessive and make and effectively move to the another location by opposite SMA effect and be affected.Friction can be by selecting slide plate and miscellaneous part material, be coated on the coating of at least one part or at least one the texture in the adjacently situated surfaces is controlled.

[0109] fluid regulating system 50 can use various technology as described below to be fastened to battery unit 20 outsides.As shown in Figure 12, cover 100 can be set to have a plurality of legs 104, and leg 104 is from covering 100 inner surface and extend downwards and then by the hole 75 the correspondence position on the chassis 70, thereby makes leg 104 can be attached to jar 34 bottoms 35.Figure 13 and 14 demonstrates two kinds of different structures that are provided with shown in Figure 12.

[0110] in structure shown in Figure 13, cover 100 is formed by plastics.In this case, leg 104 can be ultrasonically welded to the basal surface of jar 34.In this case, will not exist between 34 with jar at cover 100 and be electrically connected.

[0111] in Figure 14, leg 104 is set to the recess/protuberance 106 that can form by modes such as punching presses in the metal cap 100.In this case, metal cap 100 can or be laser-welded to jars 34 basal surface 35 by resistance.

[0112] Figure 15 demonstrates the alternative that chassis 70 and cover 100 is connected to battery unit 20 outsides.In this case, through hole 105 is set to pass the hole 75 on chassis 70, is used for cover 100 is welded to jar 34.This welding also provides and is electrically connected between cover 100 and battery unit 20.

[0113] Figure 16 demonstrates another technology, wherein uses the conductive epoxy resin 107 in the hole 75 that is arranged on chassis 70 that metal cap 100 is fastened to jar 34.In another alternative scheme, fluid regulating system 50 can be fastened to jars 34 basal surface in the following manner, that is: use bonding agent, bonding agent and label the combination (not shown), by the chassis interference fit in one or more grooves of in jar 34 basal surfaces, suppressing, by other employing bonding agent carry out such chassis interference fit, by make time outer jar substitute crimping jar 34 in second jar of cover 100 places, by soldering or weld the stratiform chassis or by fluid regulating system is encapsulated in the epoxy resin.

[0114] be described as the preferred components of actuator 80 though use SMA to go between in preamble, but also can have used miscellaneous part or material, for example, linear electricity causes polymer and crooked electricity causes polymer, and it is relevant with artificial muscle.The potential advantage that such material provides comprises: simpler design, the electronic device of simplification or do not need electronic device and to the response of the ratio of voltage.

[0115] another consideration relates to the initial activation of battery.Battery can be configured to, and makes valve be in the enable possition, and hole 102 is protected by joint, and this is similar to traditional button-type air battery unit.Remove the venting afterwards of described joint with the activated batteries unit, start the electric control of described valve, and make the pot-life maximization of battery.Alternately, battery can be configured with the functional fluid regulating system.This will allow battery to be used at once by the consumer, but may be also need be in warehouse, shop shelf etc. be fit to seal and condition of storage, with prevent that moisture in the wet environment from invading and dry environment in the moisture effusion.

[0116] in aforementioned structure, jar 34 static plate 62 that are set to as valve 60.But, may it is desirable for the fixed head 62 that provides discrete rather than use jars 34, make pot bottom will keep the pattern in its hole, but, it can more similarly be to be used as air diffuser rather than as the integration section of valve module.In addition, static plate 62 can be separated with pot bottom, make expand at jar 34, crooked or operation that can interrupt valve 60 may be wrinkling the time.It should be noted that jar 34 can be by making than strong material and having than big thickness or difformity (for example, the protuberance in the bottom).Adopt another advantage of discrete static plate 62 to be that valve 60 can be assembled in advance by integral body, provide higher stability for lubricating fluid layer 69 thus.But, this may cause thicker battery.

[0117] though not shown in the accompanying drawings, but mark can be arranged at the outer surface of cell casing 30.Such mark can extend around the battery unit circumference, with the interface between further covering conductive contact 110 (will discuss hereinafter) and fluid regulating system 50 and the battery unit 20, and the interface between covering jar 34 and the lid 36.Enough parts of lid 36 and jar 34 and/or conductivity cover 100 can keep exposing, to provide electric contact terminal on the battery outside.

[0118] particular battery cellular construction shown in Fig. 1-3 is novel prismatic battery unit design.This structure on relative size and this battery unit square be different from traditional button-type air battery unit in nature.Be used for similar air electrode, anode, isolation part and the jar/cover material of conventional air battery unit at present thereby can be used in the battery unit 20.But, what those skilled in the art will recognize that is that battery unit 20 does not need to have given shape, size or relative scalar as shown in the figure.

[0119] Figure 17 demonstrates alternate embodiments of the present invention, and wherein, fluid regulating system 50 is arranged in cell casing 30 inside.Figure 18 demonstrates the sectional view of the part of this embodiment.As shown in the figure, cell casing is constructed to be similar to aforesaid mode, and its difference is that battery unit can be slightly thick between the inner surface that fluid regulating system 50 is contained in air electrode 40 and jar 34.In this embodiment, chassis 70 also can be used with aforesaid valve, actuator and control circuit 90 when being applied to battery unit outside.Similarly, jar 34 bottoms can be used as first plate 62 of valve 60, and can comprise a plurality of fluid intake ports 32 as hole 64.The difference of this embodiment is, second plate 66 along jars 34 inner surface but not its outer surface slide.In this embodiment and following other embodiment, chassis 70 and valve 60 can be held in place by liner 38.

[0120] when using inner fluid regulating system 50, battery unit 20 another difference structurally is that battery unit should be reset the control circuit 90 that is electrically connected to actuator with the positive and negative contact terminal that allows battery unit.A kind of mode that realizes this electrical connection is as shown in Figure 17-19.As shown in Figure 17, contact openings 39 is formed in jar 34 basal surfaces 35.As shown in Figure 18, negative contact terminal 94 is arranged on the bottom on chassis 70 by the through hole in the chassis, to appear by opening 39.In this way, electric conductor 110 can be electrically connected to the lid 36 of cell casing 30, and extends to opening 36 along battery unit 20 outsides, realizes electrically contacting with contact terminal 94 simultaneously.This provides the connection of battery unit negative terminal.As shown in Figure 18, be arranged on positive contact terminal 92 on the chassis 70 and can locate inner surface, thereby be provided to the connection of battery unit plus end with contact jars 34.As previously mentioned,

contact terminal

92 and 94 can be electrically connected to control circuit 90, thereby the control actuator response changes and the described valve of opening and closing in detected battery cell voltage or electric current.

[0121] as shown in Figure 19, electric conductor 110 can be joint, and it comprises and is arranged on two chafves 112 between the insulating barrier, to prevent the short circuit of battery unit between jar 34 and lid 36.First insulating barrier 114 can be arranged between cell casing 30 and the conductive foil 112.This insulating barrier 114 can have double-sided belt to make.Second and external insulation layer 116 can be arranged on the paper tinsel and can comprise the bar of one-side band.Be shown with respect to internal flow regulating system 50 though this specific external electric connects, but, identical electric conductor 110 be used in cover 36 and Fig. 1-3 shown in provide electric pathway between the similar contact terminal 94 of external fluid regulating system.In this case, the hole that is similar to contact openings 39 can be formed in the cover 100, and perhaps alternately, electric conductor 110 can extend between the interface between the interface between chassis 70 and the jar 34 and chassis 70 and the cover 100 simply.

[0122] Figure 20-23 demonstrate can be between the terminal 94 on lid 36 and the chassis 70 the another mode that is electrically connected of formation.In this embodiment, the part of the inner surface of jar 34 is coated with trilaminate material, best as shown in Figure 21.Ground floor is an electric insulation layer 151; The second layer is a conductive layer 153, and it puts on the insulating barrier 151, makes not exist between jar 34 and conductive layer 153 to be electrically connected; The 3rd layer is electric insulation layer 154, and it is applied to a part that covers conductive layer 153, so that the edge insulation of air electrode 40 is in conductive layer 153.As shown in Figure 21, also lucky enough parts of extension covering jar 34 bottoms are extended at the turning, the interior end of layer 151 and 153 edge jar 34, thereby physics contacts the terminal 94 on the apparent surface who is formed on chassis 70.As previously mentioned, chassis 70 can be pressed jars 34 inner bottom surface by liner 38, makes to contact by this pressure between conductive layer 153 and contact site 94.Layer 151 and 153 extends upward along jar 34 sidewalls between the interface of jar 34 and liner 38.Best as shown in Figure 20,22 and 23, liner 38 can comprise that make rivet or sell 157 can be from its hole that extends through 155.Rivet or sell 157 and between lid 36 and conductive layer 153, pass liner 38 and form and be electrically connected, finish thus cover 36 and chassis 70 on contact site 94 between conductive path.Rivet/pin 157 can be molded in place in liner 38.Further, can use this rivet/pin 157 more than one.The length of rivet/pin 157 can be enough to make gasket compression.Layer 151,153 and 154 is taked the form of bar as shown in Figure 21, electrically contacts to allow air electrode 40 edges and the inner surface of jar 34.

[0123] Figure 24 demonstrates another embodiment of the present invention, and wherein, conductivity pin 157 passes the hole 155 in the flange section 160 of liner 38 straight down.Pin 157 provides from covering 36 conductive paths to contact terminal 94 (not shown among Figure 24), and contact terminal 94 will be on 70 upper surfaces of chassis in this embodiment.The advantage that present embodiment provides is, do not need to pass the hole of the hermetic unit 162 of liner 38.Further, conductive layer or insulating barrier put on jars 34 inner surface with not needing.

[0124] Figure 25-28 demonstrates another embodiment of the present invention.According to present embodiment, dissimilar valves 170 is used for the inner fluid regulating system of installing.Valve 170 comprises the valve plate 172 with a plurality of holes 174.But, these holes needn't be corresponding to the fluid intake port 32 in the bottom of jar 34 on size, shape and position.This is because valve plate 172 is with respect to the parallel position (valve off-position) of jar 34 basal surfaces 35 and bending as shown in Figure 25/curve between the position (valve opening position) mobile.By this structure, the hole 174 in the plate 172 is not aimed at or is overlapped with any fluid intake port 32, and making does not have the fluid can be by entering in the battery unit when plate 172 is parallel to jar 34 bottoms 35.Fully press jar 34 inner surfaces with in off-position sealed cell unit in order to ensure plate 172, liner 38 makes the circumferential edge of plate 172 press jars 34.

[0125] shown in Figure 26 and 27, in alternative structure, the valve plate 172 of employing only has an end to be fastened to liner 38 times and have the lock 180 that forms in pot bottom 34.Figure 26 demonstrates the valve that is in the enable possition, and Figure 27 demonstrates valve in the closed position.Figure 28 demonstrates the stereogram of the plate 172 with SMA actuator 175, and SMA actuator 175 is secured to plate 172 so that plate 172 rises and/or bend to the enable possition.Plate 172 can be subject to the air electrode (not shown) moving of enable possition.

[0126] as previously mentioned, fluid regulating system can be based in part on the voltage of battery unit (or battery) and use electronic controller to operate described valve.But, can use switch to pass through actuator and connect circuit, described actuator changes length to be opened or off-position so that valve is moved to, and thus, when valve reached full open or off-position, circuit was disconnected to stop electric current and passes through actuator.This can not need more complicated control circuit, and only still can extract energy from battery unit when needs are opened or closed described valve simultaneously.Described switch can perhaps can be the part of the device that uses battery on battery or in itself inside.In one embodiment, alternately, the opening of described device/off switch is also connected described circuit by the opposite described valve of actuator opening and closing.Operating in shown in Figure 33 A-33D of such fluid regulating system.

[0127] comprises the vertical view of the valve 260 that is similar to valve shown in Fig. 3 60 among Figure 33 A.Valve 236 comprises the removable plate 266 that is slidably disposed in the chassis 270.Removable plate 266 is shown as in Figure 33 A (that is, hole 268 wherein and the hole misalignment in the fixed head) in the closed position.SMA actuator 282a and 282b anchor to removable plate 266 and chassis 270 end opposite, and are respectively applied for towing plate 266 opening and closing.Actuator 282a and 282b anchor to plate 266 by smooth electrical contacts 277a and 277b respectively, and anchor to chassis 270 by electrical contacts 292a and 292b respectively.Smooth contact site 277a and 277b approach the opposite end location of the top surface of plate 266, electrically contact thereby it is formed with spring contact site 276a and 276b respectively.Spring contact site 276a and 276b are also as the contact terminal that is connected to control circuit 290 remainders that schematically show.Control circuit comprises to be opened/off switch 295 and fluid depolarising battery 210, is used to described device that electric energy is provided.When need not be from the electric energy of battery 210, switch 295 be in the closed position, and valve 260 is in the closed position, as shown in Figure 33 A.Owing to comprise the equal access failure of circuit of actuator 282a and 282b, thereby will not have circuit, and make actuator 282a and 282b be under the environment temperature and be in elongation state from wherein flowing through.

[0128] when switch 295 moves to open position, electric current flows through actuator 282b, makes its heating, and shortens and left towards enable possition towing plate 266.When plate 266 reached enable possition as shown in Figure 33 B, the electrical connection between contact site 276b and the 277b disconnected.When circuit disconnected, electric current stopped to flow through actuator 282b.This has realized two things.The first, though that described device keeps is open-minded, there is not more energy to extract from battery 210, the second, actuator 282b cooling is also returned elongation state as shown in Figure 33 C, thereby plate 266 can be retracted left when described device is closed.When switch 295 moves to off-position, comprise that the circuit of actuator 282a is connected, from its electric current that passes through actuator 282a is shortened also to the right towards off-position towing plate 266.When plate 266 reached off-position, the electrical connection between

contact site

276a and 276b disconnected, and as shown in Figure 33 D, electric current stops to flow through actuator 282a, thereby allowed actuator cooling and elongation, as shown in Figure 33 A.

[0129] electrical connection to contact

site

276a, 276b, 277a and 277b can realize by any suitable mode.For example, can realize and being connected of the edge of fluid regulating system by chassis 270 or by the interface between the corresponding surface of chassis 270 top surfaces and adjacent component (for example covering the cover of chassis 270 and valve 260).In another embodiment, the contact site of the suitable placement that can extend through by the cover from covering valve 260 is realized being electrically connected.Can be fixed to the suitable surface of battery unit and/or fluid regulating system as the switch of a battery unit part, for example be fixed on the outer surface of cover.Alternately, switch can be positioned on the battery outer surface of many battery units, or be positioned at and make battery that wherein device is installed, wherein, by between corresponding contact site such as welding, soldering or the suitable mode exerting pressure form and being electrically connected of fluid regulating system.In other embodiments, can use more than two actuators, its mode for example is similar to the mode of embodiment shown in Fig. 6,7 and 8.

[0130] if the control circuit electronic device is not included in the fluid regulating system, then can be positioned at the outside.For example its can not the situation in inside convenient for assembly under, this may be desirable.In one embodiment, electronic device can be installed on the outside of fluid regulating system, for example, and in the cap on the sidewall that is installed on fluid regulating system and/or battery unit, as shown in Figure 32.Figure 32 demonstrates chassis 70, removable plate 66, SMA lead-in wire 82a and 82b and is similar to the contact terminal 92 ' shown in Fig. 4 and 94.But, being different from shown in Figure 4 is that SMA lead-in wire 82a and 82b among Figure 32 are directly connected to contact terminal 92 ' and 94, and do not have control circuit 90 between two parties.Control circuit among Figure 32 is housed inside in the circuit board 91, and circuit board 91 is fastened to a side on chassis 70 by the cap 93 that is used for protective circuit plate 91.Contact terminal 92 ' on the chassis 70 and 94 realizations electrically contact with circuit board 91 lip-deep corresponding terminals.Can realize electrically contacting by any suitable mode, for example contact by pressure.Circuit board 91 can have single substrate layer, and perhaps it can be and has two-layer or more multi-layered laminar substrate.Electronic unit and electronics connecting portion can comprise printing or non-printing unit, perhaps its combination.Big parts can be arranged in the recess in the surface of circuit board 91 so that the flush fit with chassis 70 and cap 93 to be provided.Electrical connection section between circuit board 91 and the battery unit is not shown, and but, these connecting portions also can form by chassis 70.

[0131] according to various other embodiment, fluid regulating system 50 further as shown in Figure 36-43, wherein, adopts actuator with SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b and the bar 84 that is used to activate movable plate 66.Bar 84 shown in Figure 36 and 37 is shown as at pivotal pin 86 places that are adjacent to bar 84 1 ends and is pivotably connected to chassis 70, makes bar 84, move to make plate 66 by leverage around pivotal pin 86 rotations in response to SMA lead-in wire 82a and 82b.Be adjacent to actuator pin 88 fish plates 66 of bar 84 end opposite.

[0132] electric conductor 310 is connected on the top surface of bar 84, and has the sliding spring contact site 312 that is arranged on the one end.SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b are connected to electric conductor 310 at attached position 89.Sliding spring contact site 312 electrically contacts with circuit trace 314 on the top surface that is arranged on chassis 70.Sliding spring contact site 312 is setovered with the top surface of strong contact circuit trace 314 to lower spring, thereby keeps suitably being electrically connected with trace 314 when bar 84 rotates around pivotal pin 86.In one embodiment, circuit trace 314 can be connected to portion electrical ground, makes the electric current put on one of SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b be conducting to electric conductor 310 to circuit trace 314 and the grounding parts that arrives.

[0133] in Figure 38, the scheme of sliding spring contact site as an alternative, bar 84 is shown as and has adopted the electrical lead 316 that is connected between electric conductor 310 and the circuit trace 314.316 1 ends that go between are connected to electric conductor 310 at pivotal pin 86 places, and its other end is connected to circuit trace 314 at connector 318 places, to finish the circuit paths to grounding parts.Though circuit trace 314 is described as being connected to portion electrical ground at this, should be appreciated that electric current can be provided to circuit trace 314, and can provide grounding path to be connected with one of 82b by the SMA 82a that goes between, thereby along reverse-conduction current.

[0134] referring to Figure 39-41, according to another embodiment of the present invention, fluid regulating system 50 is shown as and adopts swingle 84.In this embodiment, bar 84 adopts the first elongated center pivotal pin 86 ', and pin 86 ' extends through the elongate slot 320 in the movable plate 66 downwards and engages with opening 322 in the static plate 62.Opening 322 allows the 86 ' rotation of center pivotal pin and stops pin 86 ' to be displaced sideways.Bar 84 has second pin 88, a stagger segment distance and engage opening 67 in the movable plate 66 of pin 88 and center pivotal pin 86 '.SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b are shown as in the position of staggering with center pivotal pin 86 ' and are connected to bar 84.SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b when activating, apply moment of torsion so that bar 84 around center pivotal pin 86 ' clockwise or be rotated counterclockwise.

[0135] as shown in Figure 40, when SMA lead-in wire 82a energising, SMA lead-in wire 82a is heated and shrinks with draw bar 84 and rotate in the counterclockwise direction, make bar 84 around center pivotal pin 86 ' rotate and make movable plate 66 to shown in the left slip.As shown in Figure 41, the SMA of energising lead-in wire 82b makes SMA lead-in wire 82b heating and contraction and draw bar 84 be rotated in a clockwise direction around center pivotal pin 86 ', makes movable plate 66 slide to the right.Should be appreciated that, along with bar 84 clockwise or be rotated counterclockwise, movable plate 66 slides to the right by actuator pin 88 or left, center pivotal pin 86 ' is because the existence of elongate slot 320 and can not disturb moving of plate 66.

[0136] fluid regulating system 50 further as shown in Figure 42-44, wherein, the bar 84 of employing is integrally formed as the part on chassis 70 and has flexible, hinged portion 86 ".In this embodiment, bar 84 can be formed by same material (for example epoxy resin), and is integrally formed as the part on chassis 70 before forming external mold forming body 300, perhaps can form the part of external mold forming body 300.Bar 84 forms the actuator pin 88 that has downward extension and engage with opening 67 in the movable plate 66.SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b are connected to bar 84.Bar 84 has width smaller portions 86 "; as flexible, hinged portion; make that bar 84 is in response to SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b and around flexible, hinged portion 86 " bending, thus move right actuator pin 88 and plate 66 as shown in Figure 43 left or as shown in Figure 44, to open or to close described valve.Should be appreciated that flexible, hinged portion 86 " enough thin, and make by the materials that allow bar 84 fully to move when SMA lead-in wire 82a and the 82b energising.

[0137] referring to Figure 45, the further embodiment according to the present invention, fluid regulating system 50 are illustrated as and are used to control the opening and closing of described valve and regulate the fluid (for example air) that flows to battery and comprise that further no source temperature closes.SMA lead-in wire 82a can switch on and shrink with heating and make movable plate 66 shift to valve opening position (as shown in Figure 45) by actuator pin 304a thus.SMA lead-in wire 82b can switch on and shrink with heating and make movable plate 66 shift to the valve off-position by actuator pin 304b thus.Therefore, valve can the effectively opening and closing in response to the electric current that puts on SMA lead-in wire 82a or 82b.In addition, according to one embodiment of the invention, SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b are chosen as to have different activation temperature and closes with the no source temperature that described valve is provided.SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b have unbalanced activation temperature and close to realize desirable passive valves.Therefore, when experience predetermined temperature limit value, movable plate 66 moves to the valve off-position.

[0138] in Figure 45, show and the embodiment that describes in, SMA lead-in wire 82a is set to have the first about 90 ℃ activation temperature, and SMA lead-in wire 82b is set to have the lower second about 60 ℃ activation temperature.In when energising, SMA lead-in wire 82a heating and shrinking activates movable plate 66 to the enable possition with the application of force when reaching higher first temperature.Similarly, SMA lead-in wire 82b can heat and shrink, in the second lower temperature activated valve movable plate 66 is moved to off-position.First temperature is greater than second temperature, makes when SMA lead-in wire 82b reaches lower second temperature SMA 82b that goes between close described valve.Therefore, should be appreciated that, except based on the described valve of the effective opening and closing of electric current that puts on SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b, when around temperature when at first reaching lower second temperature, SMA lead-in wire 82b forces movable plate 66 to the valve off-position.If ambient temperature continues to rise to the first higher temperature, then SMA lead-in wire 82a can not apply enough power so that valve changes the position from its off-position.

[0139] SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b can comprise commercially available SMA parts.60 ℃ of examples that activate the SMA lead-in wire are the 600C lead-in wires of 0.102mm (0.004 inch) diameter of commercially available Flexinol company.90 ℃ of examples that activate the SMA lead-in wire are the 900C lead-in wires of 0.076mm (0.003 inch) diameter of commercially available Flexinol company.In given example, 60 ℃ of SMA lead-in wires will remain retracted, and roll back about 40 ℃ under temperature, cause temperature lag thus.

[0140] adopts the fluid regulating system 50 of uneven temperature SMA lead-in wire to advantageously provide a kind of passive way, be used for when being higher than predetermined temperature, closing described valve and enter battery to stop fluid.By closing fluid regulating system 50 when the predetermined temperature that for example is higher than 60 ℃, can minimize or prevent cell degradation.In addition, close, stop described valve at high temperature to be opened by valve being moved when the temperature limit that for example reaches 60 ℃.Should be appreciated that the predetermined temperature of closing described valve can be greater than 45 ℃, and more specifically can be set at about 60 ℃.

[0141] according to an embodiment, SMA lead-in wire 82a can be set to have different size to produce different actuation forces with 82b, the actuation force that the actuation force that makes SMA lead-in wire 82b produce produces greater than SMA lead-in wire 82a.In the exemplary embodiment, SMA lead-in wire 82b has the bigger cross-sectional area than SMA lead-in wire 82a, for example bigger diameter.By bigger cross-sectional area, SMA lead-in wire 82b applies the bigger power of closing to movable plate when temperature reaches higher first temperature around.Should be appreciated that SMA lead-in wire 82a and 82b can have circular cross section, and the 2nd SMA lead-in wire has larger diameter.According to another embodiment, SMA lead-in wire 82a and 82b can have other shape of cross sections, for example oval, square or rectangular, wherein, the 2nd SMA lead-in wire 82b has more large scale than SMA lead-in wire 82a, causes bigger cross-sectional area, thereby causes bigger actuation force.In another embodiment, SMA lead-in wire 82a can have varying cross-section with 82b and amass and different phase transition temperatures, make SMA lead-in wire 82b at first to activate with the rising of environment temperature usually, described valve also keeps cutting out when being higher than SMA and going between the higher phase transition temperature of 82a when environment temperature is increased to even this causes.

[0142] referring to Figure 46-50, according to two embodiment, fluid consuming cells 10 is shown as battery unit 20 and the fluid regulating system 50 with battery, and fluid regulating system 50 has the fluid passage that passes chassis main body 300 to provide pressure balance in the middle of battery unit 20 and external environment condition.In an illustrated embodiment, the chassis is illustrated as the external mold forming body 300 with the central opening 332 and the flange 354 that extends internally usually.The battery unit 20 of fluid consuming cells, for example the air cell unit is connected on the top surface on chassis 300.Fixed head 62 with fluid intake port 64 is connected to the basal surface on chassis 300, and the movable plate 66 with port 68 is arranged in the middle of the lower wall and fixed head 62 of the flange 354 that extends internally, and makes plate 66 to move with respect to plate 62.

[0143] in Figure 46-49 illustrated embodiment, outer mold forming chassis main body 300 is illustrated as usually has first port, and first port is also referred to as inlet 350 and roughly between battery unit 20 and movable plate 66, and is communicated with opening 332 and battery unit 20 fluids.Chassis main body 300 also has second port, and second port is also referred to as outlet 352 and is arranged on the outside that the external mold moulding material leads to external environment condition.Outer mold forming chassis 300 is fabricated to the porose internal volume that has atresia outer 360 and fluid passage 356 is provided.According to an example, atresia skin 360 makes fluid that air can not be seen through substantially, and can comprise epoxy resin.Porose internal volume provides from the 350 pressure balance fluid flow passages 356 to outlet 352 that enter the mouth.Porose internal volume can comprise makes the impervious material of air, expanded microporous polytetra fluoroethylene-EPTEE material for example, or comprise that the porose material of non-texture flows through path 356 to allow limited air with low diffusion rate.Alternately or additionally, fluid passage 356 can comprise void volume, so that the path that allows the abundant restriction that air flows with low diffusion rate to be provided.Fluid passage 356 advantageously allows air 350 352 slowly to pass through to outlet from entering the mouth, but, fluid passage 356 can allow fluid to pass through along either direction between inlet 350 and outlet 352, to provide pressure balance between battery unit 20 and exterior circumferential environment.

[0144] inlet 350 of fluid passage 356 is communicated with the battery unit 20 of battery and the open volume fluid between valve plate 66 and 62.Existing pressure differential can allow air to move through fluid passage between the gas in the battery unit 20 of battery and the gas of external environment condition.When the battery unit of battery generates gas, described gas removable by limited fluid passage 356 external environment condition that arrives, to prevent the sealing between damage threshold plate 66 and 62.On the contrary, can allow gas to flow to inlet 350, but be restricted usually and make air can not freely be fed to the battery unit 20 of battery, thereby make the battery unit 20 usually can be when described valve cuts out with high rate discharge from exporting 352.

[0145] according to an embodiment, the air diffuser speed that fluid passage 356 has will be because humidity increase and decrease will cause annual no more than 10% battery unit capacitance loss at room temperature.Should be appreciated that, fluid passage 356 have pore volume to comprise to make the permeable substantially film of gas, being used to provides tortuous or limited air fluid path, but does not allow fluid freely and not to flow into limitedly in the battery unit 20.According to an embodiment, there is pore volume 356 can comprise tortuous fluid passage 356, for example pass through the fluid passage that baffle 358 provides shown in Figure 49.Baffle 358 has significantly increased the effective length of the air fluid path 356 that passes outer mold forming chassis 300, has increased the clear effective length of fluid flow path thus.According to another embodiment, tortuous fluid flow path can adopt the honeycomb pattern, and it can see through with the permission excess gas generally and escape in the external environment condition from battery unit 20, and makes the air that enters battery unit 20 minimum simultaneously.

[0146] in embodiment shown in Figure 50, the top surface of outer mold forming chassis main body 300 has therein the seam 334 that forms with helical shaped roughly, and seam 334 332 extends about 360 ° and guide chassis 300 outer surfaces into from square interior side opening 332 around opening.Hollow tube 336 is arranged in the seam 334 and has the general structure that is suitable for dimensionally being assemblied in the seam 334.Pipe 336 has first port that is communicated with interior side opening 332 fluids on battery unit 20 and chassis 300 at the one end, is also referred to as inlet 338, and has second port that is communicated with the external environment condition fluid at its other end, is also referred to as and exports 340.Fixed head 62 is shown as on the basal surface that is connected to chassis 300.Movable plate 66 be arranged on flange 354 times and with fixed head 62 contiguous seal, make plate 66 to move with the described valve of opening and closing with respect to plate 62.

[0147] is arranged on pipes 336 in the chassis 300 and is provided at the fluid passage that extends between inlet 338 and the outlet 340, make that the fluid that discharges from the battery unit 20 of battery can be by managing 336 fluid passage to external environment condition.According to an embodiment, fluid intake 338 is located in the volume of the battery unit 20 of battery and the opening 332 between fixed head 62 and the movable plate 66.Like this, pipe 336 development length and provide tortuous fluid passage than minor diameter is overflowed from battery unit 20 with enough low diffusion rate to allow fluid, and simultaneously because low diffusion rate and abundant limit air enters battery unit 20.In one embodiment, pipe 336 has less than the interior diameter of the abundant restriction of 0.5mm and the effective length of 200mm at least.According to another embodiment, seam 334 can be capped and use to substitute pipe 336 as fluid passage.

[0148] in Figure 46-50 the disclosed embodiments, the pressure differential that exists between the gas of the ambient, external environment that gas in the battery unit 20 of battery and battery unit 20 are exposed can cause breaking, and this may cause fluid barrier to lose efficacy subsequently.Therefore, the primary seal between

valve plate

62 and 66 intercepts and may damage, and this will allow the fluid such as water, oxygen, hydrogen and carbon dioxide to pass in and out uncontrollably potentially, and this may cause the pot-life of battery to produce unacceptable shortening.Being arranged on pressure

balance fluid passage

336 or 356 in the chassis 300 allows fluid such as gas to move through fluid passage and passes in and out.By the hole of the suitable size that is fit to length is provided, fluid passage allows the gas such as the hydrogen that generates in the metal-air cell unit to discharge, and stops excessive oxygen and carbon dioxide to enter battery unit 20 simultaneously.

[0149] referring to Figure 51-54, according to two embodiment, fluid regulating system 50 is illustrated as the movable plate 366 of employing with respect to static plate 362 rotations generally.In Figure 49 and 50 illustrated embodiments, fluid regulating system 50 adopts rotatable plate 366, and rotatable plate 366 is assembled into chassis 370 and aims on static plate 362 tops.Static plate 362 has pair of openings 364, and movable plate 366 has pair of openings 368, and the mutual fluid of described opening is aimed at the fluid that enters the battery unit (not shown) of battery with control communicatively.Static plate 362 remains fixed to chassis 370.Rotatable plate 366 rotates around pivotal pin 371 between the valve opening position shown in the valve off-position shown in Figure 51 and Figure 52.In the valve off-position, opening 364 and 368 misalignment flow in the battery unit of battery to stop fluid.At valve opening position, opening 364 and 368 is aimed at, and enters in the battery unit of battery to allow fluid (for example air).

[0150] adopts SMA lead-in wire 82a and the 82b that is connected to chassis 370 at pressure contact portion 372 and 374 places at the fluid regulating system shown in the embodiment of Figure 51 and 52 50.SMA lead-in wire 82a and 82b further are attached to rotatable plate 366 at pressure contact portion 375 places.SMA lead-in wire 82a and 82b are at passage or stitch extension between a pair of pressure contact portion 372,374 and pressure contact portion 375 in 380, SMA lead-in wire 82a and 82b are connected to rotatable plate 366 separating a segment distance place with pivotal pin 371, thereby plate 366 is rotated between valve opening position and valve off-position.In fact, the rotatable plate 366 that is connected to SMA lead-in wire 82a and 82b has integrally formed bar, and this bar will rotate rotatable plate 366 by leverage separate a segment distance place with pivotal pin 371 by go between power that 82a and 82b apply of SMA.In addition, spring 377 and 379 is arranged on rotatable plate 366 tops so that confining force to be provided in the hole 364 and 368 contiguous place and makes rotatable plate 366 keep sealing relationship with static plate 362.Should be appreciated that it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that in rotatable plate 366 and static plate 362 to provide more or less fluid provider.

[0151] referring to Figure 53 and 54, according to further embodiment, fluid regulating system 50 is illustrated as generally has rotatable plate valve assembly.In this embodiment, bar 484 is shown as and is connected to the rotatable plate 466 with general conical seam opening 468.Static plate 462 is positioned at rotatable plate 466 times, and has the conical gap opening 464 of analogous shape equally, and seam 464 can be aimed at opening 468 at valve opening position and enter in the battery unit (not shown) of battery to allow fluid.At plate 462 fixedly the time, rotatable plate 466 clockwise or be rotated counterclockwise to close or to open described valve.

[0152] bar 484 is shown as and has the pivot hip 486 that is arranged on basically such as in the frame plate on chassis 470.Bar hip 486 is roughly circle and is bonded in the frame plate 470 by elastic arm 490.Arm 490 can assist circular hip 486 is held in place, and provides low changeability with the position at actuator pin 488, thereby provides low changeability on time opening 464 and 468 pairs.Hip 486 allow bars 484 in response to the actuating that provides by SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b from as shown in Figure 53 make shoulder 492 counterclockwise positions that contacts with plate 470 rotate to as shown in Figure 54 make another take on 494 and plate 470

position contacting.Shoulder

492 and 494 also can omit in other embodiments as the stop end of advancing.SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b are shown as by a pair of

pressure contact portion

496 and 498 and are connected to frame plate 470, and further link together in bar 484 by another pressure contact portion 499.Should be appreciated that pressure contact portion 499 can comprise path electrical ground, perhaps, grounding path can be by alternative conductive path setting.

[0153] in operation, the fluid regulating system 50 of present embodiment makes bar 484 rotations by making one of SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b energising, thereby plate 466 is moved between valve opening position and off-position.Should be appreciated that in the transmission that

conical gap

464 and 468 provides, SMA lead-in

wire

82a and 82b are along with the radius from hip 486 increases and the traverse increase.

[0154] rotary valve shown in Figure 51-54 provides the rotation of removable plate with respect to static plate, should be appreciated that, alternately, according to other embodiment, can realize the linear activated of plate, perhaps, can realize that movable plate is with respect to the linear movement of static plate and the combination that rotatablely moves.Further,, should be appreciated that described valve can comprise one or two movable plate, make a plate move with the described valve of opening and closing with respect to another plate though valve has been described to link to each other with static plate with movable plate.

[0155] though the present invention as above is described the battery pack that each side of the present invention can be applicable to have the battery of many battery units and has many batteries by the single battery with single battery unit.For example, fluid regulating system can completely or partially be arranged in the housing of battery pack optionally to open or to close and allow air or other fluids to feed valve in the battery housing.In this case, each battery will not need discrete fluid regulating system.Further, fluid regulating system can be by any one or a Battery pack or all powered battery in the battery pack, or by other powered battery outside this battery pack.

[0156] fluid regulating system also can completely or partially be arranged on by in battery, many batteries or the battery-powered device.For example, described valve can be pre-packaged module, is used for different many battery units packet sizes.Therefore, can preferably be independent of the fluid consuming cells unit and encapsulate valve, valve power supply and controller.

[0157] combination of fluid consuming cells and fluid regulating system can comprise module, and this module comprises all or part of of fluid regulating system, wherein is inserted with one or more replaceable fluid consuming cells.This allows to reuse at least a portion fluid regulating system, thereby makes the user reduce the unit cells cost.Described module can comprise one or more fluid intakes and can comprise that also internal channel, ventilation cell or other inner spaces are to provide the path that arrives battery to fluid.Described module and battery can keep together by any suitable mode, comprise use as the electrical contacts of a described module part and with as the corresponding electrical contacts cooperation of a battery part to prevent the accidental separation of described module and battery.For example, the electrical contacts on the described module can adopt the form of outstanding gear piece to snap in the seam in the battery container that comprises the battery electrical contacts.Gear piece can remain in the described seam by any suitable mode, for example by interference fit, one or more spring, mechanical lock mechanism and their various compound modes.The yardstick of described module and battery, shape and electrical contacts can be set to allow described module and battery only to cooperate when being fit to orientation, correct electrically contact and prevent the battery reversal connection guaranteeing.At least one had outer contacting terminal in described module and the battery is used for correctly electrically contacting with the device formation that battery and module combinations are installed.In certain embodiments, can under the situation that from device, does not remove described module, change battery.

[0158] though the present invention describes in detail according to its certain preferred embodiment at this, without departing from the spirit of the invention, those skilled in the art can realize numerous modifications and variations therein.Therefore, the present invention is only limited by the scope of appended claims, and details and the mode of the embodiment that is not limited only in this demonstration are described.

Claims

1. device and the combination that be the described device battery of powering comprise: at least one fluid consuming electrochemical cell and can regulate fluid and flow into fluid regulating system in the described battery unit, and wherein, described fluid regulating system comprises:

Valve is used for when described valve is in the closed position stoping fluid to flow into described battery unit, and when described valve is in the enable possition, make fluid from it by entering in the described battery unit; With

Circuit, it comprises:

Actuator is used in response to the electric current that passes through from it described valve being moved to the second place from primary importance;

Switch is used for the described circuit of initial turn-on when described valve is in primary importance; With

Paired electrical contacts, it is in contact with one another when described valve is in primary importance, and does not contact mutually when described valve is in the second place.

2. according to the combination of claim 1, wherein, described circuit comprises: two or more actuators that are used for described valve is moved to from primary importance the second place.

3. according to the combination of claim 1, wherein, described fluid regulating system comprises two circuit, and first circuit comprises and be used for described valve is moved to the actuator of enable possition from off-position that second circuit comprises the actuator that is used for described valve is moved to from the enable possition off-position.

4. according to the combination of claim 1, wherein, described actuator comprises marmem, and have can be with the length of the variations in temperature of described actuator, and the length of the length when higher temperature than at lower temperature the time is short.

5. according to the combination of claim 1, wherein, described valve comprises: the removable plate with at least one hole, with adjacent fixed plate with at least one hole, when the misalignment of the hole of described removable plate and described fixed head, described valve is in the closed position, when the hole of described removable plate and described fixed head at least in part on time, described valve is in the enable possition so that the fluid passage that passes adjacent plate to be provided.

6. according to the combination of claim 5, wherein, the fluid consuming electrode that described fixed head is set in the described battery unit of distance is nearer than the described removable plate of distance.

7. according to the combination of claim 5, wherein, the fluid consuming electrode that described removable plate is set in the described battery unit of distance is nearer than the described fixed head of distance.

8. according to the combination of claim 5, wherein, described removable plate is arranged in the chassis that is fastened to described fluid consuming cells unit.

9. combination according to Claim 8, wherein, described actuator has opposite end, and an end anchors to described chassis, and the other end anchors to described removable plate.

10. according to the combination of claim 1, wherein, an electrical contacts in the described paired electrical contacts comprises spring, is used for forming pressure with another electrical contacts of described paired electrical contacts and contacts.

11. according to the combination of claim 1, wherein, described switch is can manually operated mechanical switch.

12. according to the combination of claim 1, wherein, described battery can be inserted into and be desirable for the cell compartments in the described device.

13. according to the combination of claim 12, wherein, described switch is the part of described battery.

14. according to the combination of claim 12, wherein, described switch is the part of described device.

15. a fluid regulating system comprises:

Valve is used for when described valve is in the closed position stoping fluid to flow, and when described valve is in the enable possition, make fluid from it by entering in the described battery unit; With

Circuit, it comprises:

16. according to the fluid regulating system of claim 15, wherein, described circuit comprises: two or more actuators that are used for described valve is moved to from primary importance the second place.

17. fluid regulating system according to claim 15, further comprise two circuit, first circuit comprises and is used for described valve is moved to the actuator of enable possition from off-position that second circuit comprises the actuator that is used for described valve is moved to from the enable possition off-position.

18. according to the fluid regulating system of claim 15, wherein, described actuator comprises marmem, and have can be with the length of the variations in temperature of described actuator, the length of the length when higher temperature than at lower temperature the time is short.

19. fluid regulating system according to claim 15, wherein, described valve comprises: the removable plate with at least one hole, with adjacent fixed plate with at least one hole, when the misalignment of the hole of described removable plate and described fixed head, described valve is in the closed position, when the hole of described removable plate and described fixed head at least in part on time, described valve is in the enable possition so that the fluid passage that passes adjacent plate to be provided.

20. according to the fluid regulating system of claim 15, wherein, an electrical contacts in the described paired electrical contacts comprises spring, is used for forming pressure with another electrical contacts of described paired electrical contacts and contacts.

21. according to the fluid regulating system of claim 15, wherein, described switch is can manually operated mechanical switch.