CN101486327B - Design method for off-highway self-discharging vehicle - Google Patents
Design method for off-highway self-discharging vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN101486327B CN101486327B CN2008102325055A CN200810232505A CN101486327B CN 101486327 B CN101486327 B CN 101486327B CN 2008102325055 A CN2008102325055 A CN 2008102325055A CN 200810232505 A CN200810232505 A CN 200810232505A CN 101486327 B CN101486327 B CN 101486327B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for designing a self-discharging truck for off-highway working conditions, which is characterized in that a power system (1) is connected to a main vehicle frame (8); a steering system (2) is connected to the left front outside of the main vehicle frame (8); a suspension system (3) is connected below the main vehicle frame (8); a braking system (4) is connected to the inside and the outside of the main vehicle frame (8); a hydraulic cylinder of a lifting system (5) is connected to the front end upside of an auxiliary vehicle frame (9) and a front plate of a cargo tank (6) through a cylinder connecting seat; the cargo tank (6) is connected to the upside of the auxiliary vehicle frame (9); the auxiliary vehicle frame (9) is connected to the upside of the main vehicle frame (8) through a bracket and a connecting plate; and a single edge of a cab (7) is arranged at the left front part of the main vehicle frame (8). The method defines a market for off-highway vehicles, determines technical index of the off-highway vehicles according to the determined market demand, simultaneously achieves the design of general layout according to the technical index, and mainly solves a vehicle ground system under an off-highway state.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the dumping car that a kind of non-highway operating mode is used, especially a kind of can be under non-highway operating mode situation, the method for designing of the off-highway self-discharging vehicle of the high transportation of performance usefulness in various open cast mine material short distances transition transportations.
Background technology
At present, for similar site's loose unpacked materials such as domestic water conservancy power construction building site, glory-hole transport this particular market, the camp site relative closure, the duration is longer, and transported material is relatively stable, the vehicle working strength is big, upgrades fast.The mining car of engineering category is more suitable, but because of its acquisition cost and operating cost height, contracting of project unit needs to purchase to be used for qualification certification on a small quantity for bid, the actual use seldom; The engineering truck of automobile category, on business road rules and vehicle standard restriction is difficult to the fine specific (special) requirements of satisfying the engineering operating mode to vehicle.The main performance of its deficiency point is as follows:
1, the non-road vehicle of tradition use still improves with the just part that the car design has by the engineering of standard substantially, to carry out the unit design layout according to need of real project.
2, traditional engineering is with in the car rear suspension, use saddle clamp that Multi-Leaf Springs is installed in the balance shaft housing groove, two ends are installed on the leaf spring slide plate chair on the bridge, and load-carrying is passed to subframe, vehicle frame, leaf spring to bridge and tire by container with power, Zhongdao ground.Steel spring is main load member and shock absorber part in suspension frame structure, causes the leaf spring rapid wear easily.Simultaneously in engineering truck uses, owing to limited by domestic heat treatment integral level, improve the load-carrying capacity of vehicle, if the Multi-Leaf Springs thickening is too many, crack formed during heat-treatment can appear, can reduce elasticity simultaneously, engineering truck travels and uses at uneven road surface like this, cause vehicle to jolt seriously, steel spring is easily broken, and driver's labour intensity increases.
3, traditional engineering is that single pole vertically distributes with car back balance suspension propelling rod employing upper thrust rod, and lower thrust rod is that two bar splayeds distribute.When this vehicle uses on-site, because the building site road conditions are poor, the soft strong degree in vehicle ' road surface is poor, surface road resistance coefficient is big, the high overload of operation intensity is serious, the upper thrust rod phenomenon of rupture often occurs, cause for a long time that drive axle walks, middle rear axle propeller shaft damages phenomenon, this suspension propelling rod distribution mode can not satisfy the building site and use.
4, traditional balance suspension all is the veneer spring structure, is about to the leaf spring center fixed on a balance shaft.Two end supports is delivered to power on the ground by the tire on the vehicle bridge on former and later two vehicle bridge again.This balance suspension is can be well with the power mean allocation on former and later two wheels, thereby is used widely.But along with continuing to increase of carload lot, this traditional veneer spring balance suspension can not well solve the contradiction under the unloaded and fully loaded two kinds of service conditions of vehicle.Be under the no-load condition, the total mass ratio of vehicle is less, and it is too big that the rigidity of leaf spring seems, the chaufeur difficult handling; And the total mass ratio of vehicle is bigger under the heavily loaded situation, and the rigidity of leaf spring seems too little.
5, traditional engineering is with in the car rear suspension, and drive form is the engineering truck of 6X4, and rear suspension mostly is the steel spring balance suspension, is connected with the whole machine balancing axle between leaf spring and the vehicle frame and realizes.The problem that exists is that noise is big, Heavy Weight, and the economic performance of vehicle is bad.
6, traditional engineering is that support direct connection with the oil cylinder two ends is on the container header board with car oil cylinder connection mode, such connection mode has three shortcoming: one, be the hole of boring 12 φ 16.5 on the container header board, because container header board weight is heavier, area is very big, processing is got up very inconvenient, and two, be because container header board easy deformation when the container lade so just directly causes the oil cylinder installation site to change, make oil cylinder be subjected to extra subsidiary load, reduce oil cylinder service life; Three, be because bolt directly links to each other with the container header board, make bolt cap be exposed at container the inside outward, be subjected to after the goods shock effect to be difficult to dismantle after distortion or the corrosion, be not easy to the oil cylinder maintain and replace.
7, a large amount of operating mode investigation show, for peeling off or the building sites such as exploitation of metallic ore of open coal mine, the cargo-carring material of container once reaches more than 50 ton, container is in the lifting discharge process, bigger to container upset free bearing device impulsive force, if insufficient strength or unreasonable structure easily cause upset free bearing cracking to have or gap increase, cause container left and right sides play, therefore can damage elevating ram or cause roll-over accident.
8, the investigation of a large amount of operating modes shows: for peeling off or the building sites such as exploitation of metallic ore of open coal mine, the density of Loaded goods is greater than 1.8 tons/side, thing grain diameter is greater than 500 millimeters, loading facilities is big bucket capacity digging machine, loader or power shovel, this operating mode is for the big and serious wear of impulsive force of container, and container ftractures easily, is out of shape, particularly base plate easy deformation, cracking, repair cost height and repairing efficiency is long, maybe can't repair and scraps.
9, original vehicle is in operation, because ground-surface cheat recessed injustice cause vehicle vibrations, jolt, if the goods of dress is more in the container, the material that stows is skipped the container side plate and is dropped on the road surface of vehicle ', as the hail of pebbles used on the engineering on the road surface, can damage vehicle tyre, reduce the service life of tire.
10, traditional engineering is with in the car rear suspension, and the leaf spring slide plate chair has dual mode, and a kind of be tower structure, can be the plane but go up the plane from spacing in balance suspension, when back axle is beated, and does not have oil groove with arc surface at present; Another kind is a reaping hook formula structure, and last plane is the plane, can not be from spacing when middle back axle is beated.Because in non-highway operating mode, the vehicle ' road surface is the engineering sidewalk, road conditions are poor, it is big that recessed out-of-flat is cheated on the road surface, the axle tramp amount is big and frequent, two kinds of structures of traditional like this leaf spring slide plate chair are used and the plane can be occurred on the spring block jump under vehicle bridge and contact with the leaf spring line when spacing and be hit when non-highway operating mode, the leaf spring increase that is stressed, lower plane does not have oil groove simultaneously, cause the longest 3 of leaf spring like this, with leaf spring slide plate chair wearing and tearing, be hit above below, lengthy motion picture uses in the building site and is easy to fracture.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is: the method for designing that a kind of off-highway self-discharging vehicle is provided, it has defined the market of non-road vehicle, determined the technical index of non-road vehicle according to the market demand of determining, finished the design of total arrangement simultaneously by technical requirement, core has solved the vehicle ground system under the non-highway state.It has carried out improvement with each position irrational mix and has made it have the entire combination advantage at above various deficiencies.
Two of purpose of the present invention is: a kind of new equalizer suspension frame structure on the off-highway self-discharging vehicle is provided, and it can improve load-carrying capacity, can also fully relax, draw up because vibration and the impact that Uneven road causes.
Three of purpose of the present invention is: the structure that a kind of new suspension on the off-highway self-discharging vehicle is provided, it not only can prevent propelling rod fracture, the phenomenon that bridge walks, transmission shaft damages, and can improve the lateral stability and the reliability of non-road vehicle, improve the practical reliability of car load.
Four of purpose of the present invention is: a kind of equalizing-suspension device on the off-highway self-discharging vehicle is provided, and suspension rate was little when it was unloaded, and driver comfort is good; The at full load suspension rate is big, and load-carrying capacity is strong.Thereby empty fully loaded two kinds of different operating situations have been satisfied.
Five of purpose of the present invention is: a kind of rubber rear suspension on the off-highway self-discharging vehicle is provided, and it has alleviated the weight of suspension itself, and is durable, alleviates vibrations to greatest extent, reduces noise, improves crossing ability and ride comfort.
Six of purpose of the present invention is: a kind of hydraulic ram Connection Block on the off-highway self-discharging vehicle is provided, and its easy installation and removal, service life is longer, is convenient to maintenance.
Seven of purpose of the present invention is: a kind of mining dumper container upset free bearing device on the off-highway self-discharging vehicle is provided, the lifelong freedom from repairs of this mining dumper container upset free bearing device, the container free bearing that overturns in the lifting discharge process does not have play, container is safe and reliable in the lifting discharge process, has improved work efficiency and cost is low.
Eight of purpose of the present invention is: a kind of double bottom container on the off-highway self-discharging vehicle is provided, and this double bottom container reparation convenience, cycle weak point have improved work efficiency and cost is low.
Nine of purpose of the present invention is: a kind of apparatus for protecting tyres on the off-highway self-discharging vehicle is provided; it can reduce a large amount of material spillings on the road surface of dumping car cruising; thereby reduce because the rubble that is scattered in the road surface to the destruction of vehicle tyre, the service life of having improved tire greatly.
Ten of purpose of the present invention is: a kind of new-type leaf spring slide plate chair on the off-highway self-discharging vehicle is provided, it overcomes in the lengthy motion picture leaf spring that causes with the engineering vehicle panel spring slide plate chair unreasonable structure problem of fracture easily, tightly under non-highway operating mode, can not make to reduce above the longest 3 of leaf spring and impact, reduce pressure and following wear-resisting, thereby prolong the leaf spring life-span.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the method for designing that designs a kind of off-highway self-discharging vehicle, which comprises at least car body, vehicle frame, power system, driving system, railway carriage, tire, brake system, it is characterized in that: its power system is connected on the main car frame, steering swivel system is connected the outside, left front of main car frame, suspension system is connected the main car frame below, brake system is connected the interior and outside of main car frame, the hydraulic ram of hoisting system is connected on the header board that reaches container above the subframe front end by the oil cylinder Connection Block, container is connected above the subframe, subframe is connected above the main car frame by support and connecting panel, and operator's compartment is the monolateral main car frame left front that is arranged in.
Described container and subframe width are chosen between 2800～3800mm; Its cabin width is chosen between 1000mm～1500mm, and length is chosen in 1800mm-2400mm, highly is controlled between 1480mm-50mm; Its drive axle overall ratio should be between 8～13, and the maximum input torque that allows should be not less than 15000Nm, and wheelspan should be controlled at 2000～3000mm; Road clearance is not less than 350mm; Main car frame adopts grooved end face bolted connection, and the main car frame width is chosen between 1000mm-1800mm; The steering shaft axle load is greater than 8 tons, and steering resisting torque is greater than 6200Nm.
Described suspension system is a kind of equalizer suspension frame structure, which comprises at least main spring, attaching parts, propelling rod, equalizer, various support, back axle, axle, jackshaft, bearing, vehicle frame, four crossbeams, and its equalizer is the concave shape that opening makes progress; Its main spring is a rubber spring; Upper thrust rod is the vee shape structure.
Described suspension system is a kind of structure of suspension, which comprises at least upper thrust rod, upper thrust rod beam-ends support, upper thrust rod bridge end support, lower thrust rod bridge end support, support, lower thrust rod, jackshaft, four crossbeams, back axle and attaching parts, upper thrust rod and lower thrust rod, jackshaft and support, four crossbeams form two four-bar linkages side by side by the front end that is connected four crossbeams and the rear end of upper thrust rod fine strain of millet end support and upper thrust rod support and lower thrust rod support; Four upper thrust rods are by connecting on upper thrust rod beam-ends support, upper thrust rod bridge end support, four crossbeams, the main car frame respectively, being splayed on jackshaft and the back axle and distributing; Four lower thrust rods are by being connected to support, lower thrust rod bridge end support, and four crossbeams also are splayed and distribute on jackshaft and the back axle, and the Eight characters distribution of four upper thrust rods is opposite with the splayed opening direction that the Eight characters of four lower thrust rods distributes.
Described suspension system is an equalizing-suspension device, and the balance suspension leaf spring adopts mainboard spring and subplate spring to connect and compose, so that increase load-carrying capacity; Balance shaft housing and balance shaft link up by bearing, and balance shaft housing is rotary; Balance suspension mainboard spring and balance suspension subplate spring are to be separately fixed in two grooves up and down of balance shaft housing by saddle clamp; Last leaf spring slide plate chair and following leaf spring slide plate chair be separately fixed at the top of former and later two bridge tubes and below, on balance suspension mainboard spring two ends are inserted in two respectively in the cavity of leaf spring slide plate chairs; Balance suspension subplate spring two ends are inserted in respectively in the cavity of two following leaf spring slide plate chairs.
Described suspension system is a kind of rubber rear suspension, which comprises at least support, elastic cylindrical pin, pivot pin assembly, upper thrust rod support, bolt, jackshaft upper thrust rod, upper thrust rod beam-ends support, four crossbeams, back axle upper thrust rod, bolt, back axle, jackshaft, bumper, limiting stopper support, main spring and vehicle frame, its elastic element is main spring and auxiliary spring, main spring and auxiliary spring are rubber spring and rubber auxiliary spring, and its bumper two ends are connected on support and the equalizer assembly; Four rubber springs, left and right each upper end, two inclined-planes is connected on the left and right support by bolt, the lower end, inclined-plane by bolted connection in upper end, equalizer assembly inclined-plane; The equalizer assembly wherein one be connected on jackshaft and the back axle by left socle, elastic cylindrical pin, Assembly of pin, another part equalizer assembly is connected on jackshaft and the back axle by right support, elastic cylindrical pin, Assembly of pin equally.
Be connected with the hydraulic ram Connection Block on the hydraulic ram of described hoisting system, cylinder bracket by bolted connection on cylinder support, the upper end of cylinder bracket is fixed with limiting stopper, two-port U type groove cylinder support outwardly is fixed on the parallel framework of two opposite side that connected and composed by two header board longerons and two header board crossbeams, frame fixation is on the container header board, and cylinder bracket is connected with oil cylinder.
Described container bottom is connected with capacity of the tipping body upset free bearing device, and cover plate is fixed on the free bearing by bolt and bullet pad, and lubricating cup is fixed on the free bearing; Hinge passes free bearing and penetrates pipe, and pipe is fixed on the subframe, and bearing pin passes pipe and hinge, and spring cotter passes bearing pin fixes bearing pin.
It comprises side plate and base plate described container, and cargo floor is a double walled floor, and it is captiveed joint with upper plate by lower shoe, reinforced rib and constitutes; Its reinforced rib is corresponding with the crossbeam position on being connected the container biside plate, so that reinforced rib is superimposed upon on the crossbeam by lower shoe.
Bottom, described container rear end is connected with a kind of apparatus for protecting tyres, and the guide plate pedestal is two sides, a right angle body, and the inclined-plane that two right angle faces constitute is by binding bolt bonded assembly guide plate; Two guide plate pedestal inclined-planes outwards are separately fixed on the longeron of container side plate outer bottom both sides.
Described suspension system mainly comprises front suspension system and rear-suspension system, and rear-suspension system has a kind of leaf spring slide plate chair, and its pedestal is a tower structure, and the lower surface two ends on plane are the following arc surfaces to lower convexity on the pedestal, and the centre is the plane; The upper surface of pedestal lower plane is the last arc surface that raises up; On the last arc surface of pedestal lower plane logical oil groove and oil duct are arranged, oil duct and logical oil groove are communicated with; Maximum space on the pedestal between the upper surface of the lower surface on plane and lower plane distance deducts the leaf spring gross thickness and interspaces apart from being 18mm.
Characteristics of the present invention are as follows:
1, this off-highway self-discharging vehicle improves each position irrational mix, so it has the advantage at entire combination advantage and each position because it is various deficiencies at known technology.The market of the non-road vehicle of its definable, the market demand that foundation is determined has been determined the technical index of non-road vehicle, has finished the design of total arrangement simultaneously by technical requirement, core has solved the vehicle ground system under the non-highway state.
2, this off-highway self-discharging vehicle it by equalizer design and being used in combination after rubber spring is connected, upper thrust rod uses single V bar simultaneously, lower push-rod adopts the straight-bar vertical equity to be arranged in parallel, the equalizer suspension frame structure that forms, except that improving the load-carrying capacity, can also fully relax, draw up because the Uneven road vibration and the impact that cause, guarantee that chaufeur takes advantage of seat comfortable and goods carried are intact; Except that transmitting the vehicle vertical power, also transmit the power and the moment of other each side, and guarantee between wheel and the vehicle frame definite movement relation is arranged, make car load have good driving performance.Its invention characteristics are not use carrying and the damping parts of traditional steel spring as suspension, and main carrying and damping, power transmission parts are equalizer, rubber spring and propelling rod in the suspension.Main carrying and damping, power transmission parts are equalizer and rubber spring in this suspension system.
3, this off-highway self-discharging vehicle is not suitable for the building site use in order to overcome in the propelling rod distribution with the off highway vehicle balance suspension, cause propelling rod fracture back axle to walk, the phenomenon of drive shafts fracture, on traditional balance suspension basis, respectively increase a upper thrust rod in the front-end and back-end of four crossbeams, making four crossbeam front ends have two propelling rods to form splayed distributes, there are two propelling rods the rear end, the formation splayed distributes, four crossbeam ends are the splayed opening direction, two beam-ends supports by left and right sides vehicle frame, two supports on the bridge are fixed upper thrust rod, four of lower thrust rods also are that splayed distributes, but the splayed opening direction is opposite with the splayed opening direction that upper thrust rod distributes, lower thrust rod is fixed through two balance shaft supports and four bridge end supports, and such distribution mode can increase the lateral stability of car load and the reliability that travels.Increase longitudinal force and transverse force that the vehicle propelling rod bears simultaneously, strengthened laterally steering.
4, this off-highway self-discharging vehicle changes the veneer spring structure of conventional balanced suspension into two leaf spring structures, under the vehicle no-load condition, has only the mainboard spring to work; Mainboard spring and subplate spring are reinstated simultaneously under the vehicle full load conditions.So both solve the too big problem of unloaded rigidity of plate spring, solved the too little problem of rigidity of plate spring under the full load conditions again.This equalizing-suspension device, suspension rate was little when it was unloaded, and driver comfort is good; The at full load suspension rate is big, and load-carrying capacity is strong.Thereby empty fully loaded two kinds of different operating situations have been satisfied.
5, it has cancelled balance shaft in the conventional balanced suspension this off-highway self-discharging vehicle, elastic element does not adopt steel spring, adopt four durable rubber springs, both sulfuration had steel plate in the rubber, be used to improve rigidity, it tilts to be installed in two heterocoelous both sides of equalizer respectively, make rubber spring both bear vertical power, bear transverse force again, two rubber auxiliary springs when zero load with the equalizer saddle shape under transverse plane do not contact, the at full load contact participates in carrying, realized zero load like this, the at full load accekeration is more approaching, vehicle ' is when non-highway operating mode, and unloaded and fully loaded frequency is approaching, and is more smooth-going.
6, this off-highway self-discharging vehicle has been installed the oil cylinder Connection Block, thus it have following characteristics: a, because little, in light weight at the cylinder support volume, it is better than boring fabrication properties on the container header board to hole thereon; B, since two-port U type groove cylinder support 6 outwardly be fixed on the parallel framework of two opposite side that connect and compose by two header board longerons 4 and two header board crossbeams 5, frame fixation is on container header board 3, be that cylinder support has the twice horizontal bar up and down, this twice horizontal bar links to each other with the vertical muscle of the twice on the container header board, formed a kind of framed structure, the oil cylinder junction can be not influenced because of the modification of container header board; C. the shaped design of cylinder support becomes a kind of two-port U type outwardly, easily the Assembly ﹠Disassembly of tie bolt; D. two limiting stoppers on the cylinder bracket are used for bearing the oil cylinder lifting and main shearing force when descending, and alleviate the suffered shearing of tie bolt.E. because tie bolt, is difficult for stressed modification in the outside of container header board and gets rusty, be convenient to dismounting.
7, this off-highway self-discharging vehicle penetrates in the subframe pipe because container upset hinge passes container upset free bearing, and passes bearing pin with spring cotter and make bearing pin 7 fixing.It is simple in structure, is beneficial to processing, is beneficial to and assembles and weld so that realize non-maintaining.
8, this off-highway self-discharging vehicle is because the horizontal reinforced rib and the longeron of the position welding parabasal plate of horizontal reinforced rib on the container main floor and longeron, the certain thickness steel plate of shop weldering thereon is so its bearing capacity is big, durable again, simple in structure, be beneficial to processing, be beneficial to assembly unit and welding.
9, this off-highway self-discharging vehicle is owing to increased apparatus for protecting tyres on the compartment; it can reduce a large amount of material spillings sailing on the road surface in the dumping car normal row; thereby reduce because the rubble that is scattered in the road surface to the destruction of vehicle tyre, the service life of having improved tire greatly.
10, its leaf spring slide plate pedestal of this off-highway self-discharging vehicle is a tower structure, and the lower surface two ends on plane are the arcwall faces to lower convexity on the pedestal, and the centre is the plane; The upper surface of pedestal lower plane is the arc surface 9 that raises up.Oil canal 2 and oil groove 3 are arranged on the last arc surface of pedestal lower plane, and oil canal 2 and oil groove 3 is communicated with, and imports to oil groove 3 leaf spring 8 is lubricated so that grease is injected oil canal 2, reduces wear, and improves 8 life-spans of leaf spring.After the plane added two sections arc surfaces on the leaf spring slide plate chair, when non-highway operating mode axle tramp, being stressed above the longest 3 of leaf spring reduced, and impulsive force reduces, and prolongs more than the leaf spring life-span twice.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiment accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is an embodiment integral structure scheme drawing;
Fig. 2 is the embodiment back view;
Fig. 2-the 1st, the equalizer suspension frame structure front view of embodiment 2;
Fig. 2-the 2nd, the equalizer suspension frame structure birds-eye view of embodiment 2;
Fig. 2-the 3rd, the equalizer profile scheme drawing of embodiment 2;
Fig. 3-the 1st, the suspension propelling rod distribution mode front view of embodiment 3;
Fig. 3-the 2nd, the suspension propelling rod distribution mode birds-eye view of embodiment 3;
Fig. 4-the 1st, the structure of two leaf spring structures under no-load condition of embodiment 4 and work scheme drawing;
Fig. 4-the 2nd, the structure of two leaf spring structures under heavily loaded situation of embodiment 4 and work scheme drawing;
Fig. 5-the 1st, the rubber suspension front view of embodiment 5;
Fig. 5-the 2nd, the rubber suspension birds-eye view of embodiment 5;
Fig. 5-the 3rd, the rubber suspension left view of embodiment 5;
Fig. 6-the 1st, the hydraulic ram Connection Block structural representation of embodiment 6;
Fig. 6-the 2nd, Fig. 6-1 take down B behind oil cylinder and the cylinder support to view;
Fig. 6-the 3rd, the A-A cutaway view among Fig. 6-2;
Fig. 7-the 1st, the free bearing structural representation of embodiment 7;
Fig. 7-the 2nd, the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 7-1;
Fig. 8-the 1st, the birds-eye view of the cargo box structure of embodiment 8;
Fig. 8-the 2nd, Fig. 8-1A-A cutaway view;
Fig. 8-the 3rd, Fig. 8-1B-B cutaway view;
Fig. 8-the 4th, Fig. 8-1C-C cutaway view;
The apparatus for protecting tyres structural representation of Fig. 9-1 embodiment 9;
Fig. 9-the 2nd, the K portion enlarged drawing of Fig. 9-1;
Figure 10-the 1st, the leaf spring slide plate chair structural front view of embodiment 10;
Figure 10-the 2nd, the leaf spring slide plate chair structure left side TV structure figure of embodiment 10;
Figure 10-the 3rd, the A-A cutaway view of Figure 10-1;
Figure 10-the 4th, the site plan when the leaf spring slide plate chair of embodiment 10 is jumped on vehicle bridge;
Site plan when Figure 10-the 5th, the leaf spring slide plate chair of embodiment 10 jump under vehicle bridge.
Among the figure: 1, power system; 2, steering swivel system; 3, suspension system; 4, brake system; 5, hoisting system; 6, container; 7, operator's compartment; 8, main car frame; 9, subframe;
2-1, rubber spring; 2-2, bolt; 2-3, V-arrangement upper thrust rod; 2-4, equalizer; 2-5, upper thrust rod beam-ends support; 2-6, bolt; 2-7, bolt; 2-8, upper thrust rod bridge end support; 2-9, bolt; 2-10, back axle; 2-11, bolt; 2-12, lower thrust rod support; 2-13, lower thrust rod; 2-14, balance shaft support; 2-15, bolt; 2-16, balance shaft; 2-17, pin; 2-18, jackshaft; 2-19, rubber shaft bearing; 2-20, rubber shaft bearing lid; 2-21, bolt; 2-22, bolt; 2-23, vehicle frame; 2-24, four crossbeams;
3-1, upper thrust rod; 3-2, upper thrust rod beam-ends support; 3-3, bolt; 3-4, upper thrust rod bridge end support; 3-5, bolt; 3-6, pin; 3-7, bolt; 3-8, pin; 3-9, lower thrust rod bridge end support; 3-10, bolt; 3-11, support; 3-12, bolt; 3-13, lower thrust rod; 3-14, jackshaft; 3-15, four crossbeams; 3-16, back axle; 3-17, bolt;
4-1, balance suspension mainboard spring; 4-2, balance suspension subplate spring; 4-3, balance shaft; 4-4, balance shaft housing; 4-5, saddle clamp; 4-6, last leaf spring slide plate chair; 4-7, following leaf spring slide plate chair;
5-1, left socle; 5-2, elastic cylindrical pin; 5-3, pivot pin assembly; 5-4, upper thrust rod support; 5-5, bolt; 5-6, jackshaft upper thrust rod; 5-7, right support; 5-8, upper thrust rod beam-ends support; 5-9, four crossbeams; 5-10, back axle upper thrust rod; 5-11, bolt; 5-12, back axle; 5-13, jackshaft; 5-14, equalizer assembly; 5-15, bumper; 5-16, bolt; 5-17, rubber limiting stopper; 5-18, bolt; 5-19, limiting stopper support; 5-20, bolt; 5-21, bolt; 5-22, rubber spring; 5-23, rubber auxiliary spring; 5-24, bolt; 5-25, bolt; 5-26, support; 5-27, vehicle frame;
6-1, oil cylinder; 6-2, cylinder bracket; 6-3, container header board; 6-4, header board longeron; 6-5, header board crossbeam; 6-6, cylinder support; 6-7, limiting stopper;
7-1: cover plate; 7-2: bolt; 7-3: bullet pad; 7-4: lubricating cup; 7-5: free bearing; 7-6: pipe; 7-7: bearing pin; 7-8: spring cotter; 7-9: hinge;
8-1, reinforced rib; 8-2, upper plate; 8-3, lower shoe; 8-4, crossbeam; 8-5, longeron;
9-1, container; 9-2, container side plate upper edge; 9-3, material; 9-4, the container side plate outside be longeron down; 9-5, guide plate; 9-6, guide plate pedestal; 9-7, binding bolt; 9-8, tire; 9-9, track;
10-1, following arc surface; 10-2, logical oil groove; 10-3, oil duct; Plane contact place on the leaf spring when jumping on 10-4, the vehicle bridge; Leaf spring lower plane contact position when jumping on 10-5, the vehicle bridge; Leaf spring lower plane contact position when jumping under 10-6, the vehicle bridge; Plane contact place on the leaf spring when jumping under 10-7, the vehicle bridge; 10-8, leaf spring; 10-9, last arc surface.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1 as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, this off-highway self-discharging vehicle, it comprises car body, vehicle frame, power system, driving system, railway carriage, tire, brake system, its power system 1 is connected on the main car frame 8, steering swivel system 2 is connected the outside, left front of main car frame 8, suspension system 3 is connected main car frame 8 belows, brake system 4 is connected the interior and outside of main car frame 8, the hydraulic ram of hoisting system 5 is connected on the header board that reaches container 6 above subframe 9 front ends by the oil cylinder Connection Block, container 6 is connected above the subframe 9, subframe 9 is connected above the main car frame 8 by support and connecting panel, and operator's compartment 7 is connected the left front of main car frame by support.
It is at the construction site special operation condition, the design of its power system coupling adopt 16 tonnes add epistasis expanded letter engineering drive axle; 14.00-20 roomy engineering tyre makes this car have superpower load-carrying capacity.Because the car load total mass is defined as 40 tons, from the consideration of loading of tire and crossing ability technical index, has selected 14.00-20 engineering rib tires, 7 grades of change speed gear boxs.The WD615.50 engineering version driving engine of having selected Weichai Dynamic Co., Ltd. to produce is realized the power requirement.Consider non-highway operating mode to the requirement of vehicle climbable gradient with use speed of a motor vehicle requirement always, with one grade of maximum power factor, direct speed maximum power factor is as protecting index.Selected the 7DS100 change speed gear box; The drive axle overall ratio should be between 8～13, and the maximum input torque that allows should be not less than 15000Nm.According to the whole vehicle stability requirement, wheelspan should be controlled at 2000～3000mm, selects the engineering bridge for use.Guarantee that the vehicle road clearance is not less than 350mm.
In order to realize carrying, its vehicle frame adopts grooved end face high strength bolt to connect, and the design width is controlled between 1000mm-1800mm.
Its steering swivel system design is for non-highway car, because the car load design weight is 40 tons, and use the link overload general, the steering shaft axle load is greater than 8 tons, steering resisting torque is greater than 6200Nm, so select the patent No. to be: the outer work-saving device of a kind of steering hydraulic of ZL200720031805.8.
Its suspension system designs adopts dependent suspension version, and leaf spring is that 15mm is thick, and totally 13 show that all design can satisfy 40 tons of operatings needs of total weight.
Back axle adopts balance suspension, and this structural shape is widely used on automobile.But the requirement of the moving stroke of non-highway operating mode centering back axle and 14.00-20 tire assembly bring new problem for suspension design again to the requirement of wheelspan.Just more possessing and challenging, back axle was in abominable ground-surface carrying during superpower six roots of sensation propelling rod, actv. were being coordinated.Steel spring adopts 22mm thick, and 13, end destressing piecewise, the internal stress of whole spring of trapezoid cross section design the minimizing makes every leaf spring completely form an elasticity integral body, has reduced the friction between sheet and the sheet, thereby make suspension system work soft, possess overload capacity simultaneously.
It is the engineering road vehicles brake equipment of ZL200720031807.7 that the patent No. is selected in its brake system design for use, and it has the quadruplet brake equipment: (1) service brake device, i.e. foot brake; (2) emergency brake device:, implement the spring for accumulating energy braking with hand control valve in case major loop lost efficacy; (3) holding brake device: spring for accumulating energy braking, with emergency brake be same device; (4) complemental brake system: driving engine WEVB hold one's breath braking, an ecp.
The design of its hoisting system is for non-highway car, and its haul distance is very short, and hoisting system work is frequent, and the reliability of hoisting system work influences the result of use of non-road vehicle.So hoisting system has adopted a large amount of at present in the world lists that adopt design plan of level oil cylinder at most.Lowest starting pressure 0.64Mpa.The maximum lifting time is no more than 30 ＂.
Its container Series Design, because container is the main apparatus for work of non-road vehicle, must strictly control complete vehicle weight for the dynamic property, ease of steering, riding stability, the braking reliability that guarantee this car, the reasonable Arrangement center-of-gravity position makes it have good result of use.After the major part type selecting on chassis and arrangement were determined, the variation leeway of its weight and center of gravity was relative less, and the principal element that influence complete vehicle weight and center of gravity is that the form of serial container designs and container weight and the center of gravity arrangement when filling goods.If the reach of at full load center of gravity, it is too big to make that the front overhang bearing capacity becomes, and at this moment steering resisting torque increases, and influences ease of steering and road-holding property; Make middle back axle carrying become big if move after the at full load center of gravity, when vehicle is unloaded, be easy to nose, be easy to overturn, influence whole vehicle stability.Container and subframe design width are controlled between 2800～3800mm.
Embodiment 1 can also increase heating arrangement.A kind of container heating arrangement as the patent No.: ZL 2,007 2 0031806.2.Other structure and engineering truck are identical in the present embodiment 1, belong to known technology here not in narration.Its assembling is carried out under " assembling of off-highway self-discharging vehicle car load, adjustment, inspection specifications " instructs with debugging.
Its key technical indexes such as following table:
| Project | The key technical indexes | Test results | Meet judgement |
| Complete vehicle curb weight Kg | 13500 | 13300 | Meet |
| Preceding load per axle/middle rear-axle load Kg | 8000/32000 | 7980/31980 | Meet |
| Maximum laden mass Kg | 26435 | 26500 | Meet |
| Maximum total mass Kg | 40000 | 39870 | Meet |
| Maximum speed Km/h | 52 | 51.3 | Meet |
| The minimum stabilizing speed Km/h of direct speed | 12 | 12.3 | Meet |
| Max. climb slope % | 38 | 40.2 | Meet |
| Minimum turning diameter mm | 18450 | 18450 | Meet |
| Maximum stopping distance (V=30Km/h) | 10m | 9.6m | Meet |
| Angle of attach/departure angle | 31°/52° | 31.2°/52° | Meet |
| Road clearance (front axle) | 350mm | 346mm | Meet |
| Container volume (m3) | 18 | 17.6 | Meet |
| Container lifting angle: | 51° | 52 | Meet |
Its operator's compartment adopts one-side cab to be arranged in the vehicle frame left front.Cabin width is controlled between 1000mm～1500mm, and length is controlled at 1800mm-2400mm, highly is controlled between 1480mm-1550mm.
Embodiment 2 is substantially the same manner as Example 1, different is, and its suspension is that weighing apparatus beam suspension is shown in Fig. 2-1, totally four of rubber spring 2-1, be connected the two ends of vehicle frame 2-23 left side equalizer 2-4 above two by bolt 2-2, be connected the two ends of vehicle frame 2-23 right side equalizer 2-4 above other two by bolt 2-2, four rubber spring 2-1 are connected on the axle housing finished surface of jackshaft 2-18 and back axle 2-10 below by bolt 2-11; Equalizer 2-4 middle part rubber shaft bearing 2-19, rubber shaft bearing lid 2-20, bolt 2-21 is connected balance shaft 2-16 two ends, balance shaft 2-16 is fixed among the balance shaft support 2-14, two balance shaft support 2-14 are connected on the vehicle frame 2-23 by bolt 2-22, descend simultaneously stomidium to connect four lower thrust rod 2-13 by bolt 2-15, four propelling rod 2-13 other ends are by pin 2-17, lower thrust rod support 2-12, bolt 2-11 vertical equity is arranged in parallel among jackshaft 2-18 and the back axle 2-10, two V-arrangement upper thrust rod 2-3 one ends are respectively by upper thrust rod bridge end support 2-8, bolt 2-9, bolt 2-7 and pin 2-17 are connected on the finished surface of jackshaft 2-18 and back axle 2-10 middle part bridge package location, two V-arrangement upper thrust rod 2-3 other ends are connected on four crossbeam 2-24 and the vehicle frame 2-23 by upper thrust rod beam-ends support 2-5 and bolt 2-6, shown in Fig. 2-2, connect by above installation, six roots of sensation propelling rod is being controlled the tram of bridge, simultaneously transmission of drive force, braking force.Heavy duty power passes on the bridge by vehicle frame 2-23, four crossbeam 2-24, balance shaft support 2-14, balance shaft 2-16, rubber shaft bearing 2-19, equalizer 2-4, rubber spring 2-1 successively, passes to ground by bridge by tire.Its equalizer 2-4 is arc shown in Fig. 2-3 that opening makes progress.The equalizer suspension frame structure of present embodiment 2, by above connection, realized getting in touch of vehicle frame and vehicle bridge, guaranteed the proper exercise relation between wheel and the vehicle frame simultaneously, realized the function of carrying and guiding and damping, guaranteed that chaufeur takes advantage of the comfortable and goods carried of seat intact, made car load have good driving performance.
Embodiment 3 is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the structure of different is its suspension is another suspension is shown in Fig. 3-1, it is vertical distribution graph of embodiment 3, upper thrust rod 3-1 and lower thrust rod 3-13, jackshaft 3-14 and support 3-11, four weighing apparatus beam 3-15 form two four-bar linkages side by side by the front end and the rear end that are connected four weighing apparatus beam 3-15 of upper thrust rod beam-ends support 3-2 and upper thrust rod bridge end support 3-4 and lower thrust rod support 3-9, can control vertically beating of jackshaft 3-14 and back axle 3-16 by actv..Four upper thrust rod 3-1 two ends are connected on upper thrust rod beam-ends support 3-2 and the upper thrust rod bridge end support 3-4 by two bolt 3-17 respectively, and upper thrust rod beam-ends support 3-2 is monolateral to be connected on four crossbeam 3-15 and the main car frame by 12 bolt 3-3.Upper thrust rod bridge end support 3-4 is separately fixed on jackshaft 3-14 and the back axle 3-16 by six bolt 3-5 and a pin 3-6; Four lower thrust rod 3-13 two ends are fixed on the support 3-11 with bolt 3-12 respectively, and with bolt 3-17 fixedly on the lower thrust rod bridge end support 3-9,14 bolt 3-10 of the monolateral usefulness of support 3-11 are connected four crossbeam 3-15 bottom, and lower thrust rod support 3-9 is fixed on jackshaft 3-14 and the back axle 3-16 with four bolt 3-7 and a pin 3-8 respectively.
As Fig. 3-the 2nd, shown in the birds-eye view of embodiment 3, four upper thrust rod 3-1 form splayed in the front-end and back-end of four weighing apparatus beam 3-15 respectively and arrange, four lower thrust rod 3-13 form the splayed layout in front end and the rear end of four crossbeam 3-15 respectively, the upper thrust rod 3-1 Eight characters is opposite with lower thrust rod 3-13 Eight characters opening direction simultaneously, implement by above concrete installation, can increase the car load transverse force, increase the car load lateral stability, improve the car load riding stability.
Embodiment 4 is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and different is, and its balance suspension leaf spring adopts mainboard spring 4-1 and subplate spring 4-2 to connect and compose, so that increase load-carrying capacity.Balance shaft housing 4-4 and balance shaft 4-3 link up by bearing, and balance shaft housing 4-4 is rotary; Balance suspension mainboard spring 4-1 and balance suspension subplate spring 4-2 are separately fixed in two grooves up and down of balance shaft housing 4-4 by saddle clamp 4-5; Last leaf spring slide plate chair 4-6 and following leaf spring slide plate chair 4-7 be separately fixed at the top of former and later two bridge tubes with below, two balance suspension mainboard spring 4-1 two ends are inserted in respectively in the cavity of leaf spring slide plate chair 4-6; Two balance suspension subplate spring 4-2 two ends are inserted in down respectively in the cavity of leaf spring slide plate chair 4-7.
Under no-load condition shown in Fig. 4-1, because vehicle is that the complete vehicle weight of zero load is low weight, have only the two ends of balance suspension mainboard spring 4-1 and the cambered surface of last leaf spring slide plate 4-6 to contact, the camber ratio of balance suspension mainboard spring 4-1 is higher, balance shaft 4-3, balance shaft housing 4-4 and balance suspension subplate spring 4-2 have been raised, balance suspension subplate spring 4-2 is not contacted with following leaf spring slide plate 4-7, and both the cambered surface of balance suspension subplate spring 4-2 and following leaf spring slide plate 4-7 was separated, and did not also just work.The rigidity of whole suspension is that its ratio of rigidity is less by the decision of the rigidity of balance suspension mainboard spring 4-1.At full load is shown in Fig. 4-2, because complete vehicle weight is heavier, by gravity, the radian of balance suspension mainboard spring 4-1 is depressed, reduced balance shaft 4-3, balance shaft housing 4-4 and balance suspension subplate spring 4-2, eliminated the gap between the contact surface of balance suspension subplate spring 4-2 and following leaf spring slide plate 4-7, balance suspension subplate spring 4-2 is contacted with following leaf spring slide plate 4-7, in this case, balance suspension mainboard spring 4-1 and balance suspension subplate spring 4-2 work simultaneously.The rigidity of whole suspension is that the rigidity by balance suspension mainboard spring 4-1 and two leaf springs of balance suspension subplate spring 4-2 stacks up, so ratio of rigidity is bigger.
Embodiment 5 is substantially the same manner as Example 1, different is, and its suspension is that a kind of rubber suspension is shown in Fig. 5-1, it comprises support, elastic cylindrical pin 5-2, pivot pin assembly 5-3, upper thrust rod support 5-4, bolt 5-5, jackshaft upper thrust rod 5-6, upper thrust rod beam-ends support 5-8, four crossbeam 5-9, back axle upper thrust rod 5-10, bolt, back axle 5-12, jackshaft 5-13, bumper 5-15, limiting stopper support 5-19, main spring and vehicle frame 5-27, its elastic element is main spring and auxiliary spring, main spring and auxiliary spring are rubber springs, and its bumper 5-15 two ends are connected on support 5-26 and the equalizer assembly 5-14.Four rubber spring 5-22, left and right each two ramp are connected on the left and right support 5-26 by bolt 5-21, and lower inclined plane is connected by bolt 5-21 on the plane of equalizer assembly 5-14 shown in Fig. 5-1; Two equalizer assembly 5-14 wherein are connected on jackshaft 5-13 and the back axle 5-12 by left socle 5-1, elastic cylindrical pin 5-2, Assembly of pin 5-3 at two ends, same another part two ends of equalizer assembly 5-14 are connected on jackshaft 5-13 and the back axle 5-12 by right support 5-7, elastic cylindrical pin 5-2, Assembly of pin 5-3, and support 5-26 is connected vehicle frame 5-27 by bolt 5-25 and goes up shown in Fig. 5-3; Left socle 5-1 and right support 5-7 are connected on jackshaft 5-13 and the back axle 5-12 by bolt 5-16, bumper 5-15 is separately fixed on support 5-26 and the equalizer assembly 5-14 by bolt 5-20 two ends, bumper 5-15 has realized weight transfer with rubber spring 5-22, gravity passes on the vehicle bridge by bumper 5-15, vehicle frame 5-27, support 5-26, rubber spring 5-22, equalizer assembly 5-14, left socle 5-1, right support 5-7, at Ackermann steer angle, rubber spring 5-22 also bears transverse force simultaneously.Rubber auxiliary spring 5-23 is connected on the lower plane of support 5-26 by bolt 5-24, when rubber auxiliary spring 5-23 the is unloaded and last plane of equalizer assembly 5-14 has the 15mm gap, and at full load participates in stressed, and eliminate in the gap, guarantee that empty fully loaded vehicle frequency is identical, realize ride comfort.Two jackshaft upper thrust rod 5-6 two ends are connected on upper thrust rod bridge end support 5-4 and the upper thrust rod beam-ends support 5-8 by bolt 5-11 shown in Fig. 5-2, two back axle upper thrust rod 5-10 two ends are connected on upper thrust rod bridge end support 5-4 and the upper thrust rod beam-ends support 5-8 by bolt 5-11, two upper thrust rod bridge end support 5-4 are connected on jackshaft 5-13 and the back axle 5-12 by bolt 5-5, four upper thrust rod 5-6 and 5-10 realize longitudinal force by rubber spring 5-22 and equalizer assembly 5-14, propulsive effort, with the transmission of braking force, and controlling jackshaft 5-13 and back axle 5-12 forward, backward, the motion of side direction.Rubber limiting stopper 5-17 is installed on the limiting stopper support 5-19 by bolt 5-18; limiting stopper support 5-19 is connected on the vehicle frame 5-27 by bolt 5-18; so that the maximum jitter amount to jackshaft 5-13 and back axle 5-12 limits, protection vehicle frame 5-27 reduces its impulsive force that is subjected to.
Embodiment 6 is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and different is its hydraulic ram Connection Block is shown in Fig. 6-1, and oil cylinder 6-1 is connected with cylinder bracket 6-2, cylinder bracket 6-2 by bolted connection on cylinder support 6-6.Fig. 6-the 2nd takes down B behind oil cylinder 6-1 and the cylinder support 6-6 to view, can know structural shape and the position of weld of cylinder support 6-6 from Fig. 6-2.With the soldering member cylinder support 6-6 that has had openning hole, be welded on the container header board 6-3, the welding of two ends up and down header board crossbeam 6-5 near cylinder support 6-6, header board longeron 6-4 is gone up in two ends welding near header board crossbeam 6-5, so just makes that connecting cylinder support 6-6 place forms a local framed structure.A limiting stopper 6-7 is respectively welded on the both sides, upper end of cylinder bracket 6-2, the shearing force when being used for bearing oil cylinder lifting and decline.Have two-port outwardly the cylinder support 6-6 of U type groove be fixed on the parallel framework of two opposite side that connect and compose by two header board longeron 6-4 and two header board crossbeam 6-5, frame fixation is on container header board 6-3.Fig. 6-the 3rd, the A-A cutaway view among Fig. 6-2.Mainly be in order to represent to know the version of cylinder support 6-6.
Embodiment 7 is substantially the same manner as Example 1, that different is its container upset free bearing such as Fig. 7-the 1st, under the dumping car normal circumstances, the lateral plan of container, it has reflected container upset free bearing device termination, cover plate 7-1 is fixed on the free bearing 7-5 with bolt 7-2 and bullet pad 7-3, and lubricating cup 7-4 is installed on the free bearing 7-5.Fig. 7-the 2nd, the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 7-1, shown in Fig. 7-2, hinge 7-9 passes free bearing 7-5 and penetrates pipe 7-6, pipe 7-6 is welded on the subframe, bearing pin 7-7 passes pipe 7-6 and hinge 7-9, forbid that hinge 7-9 rotates in pipe 7-6, and pass bearing pin 7-7 with spring cotter 7-8 and be used for fixing bearing pin 7-7.Shown in Fig. 7-1 and Fig. 7-2, free bearing 7-5 and the welding of container bottom, penetrate from the free bearing outside with hinge 7-9 again, its length is than the long point of free bearing, and penetrate among the pipe 7-6, bearing pin 7-7 passes pipe 7-6 and hinge 7-9, pipe 7-6 and hinge 7-9 are joined together, pass and lock bearing pin 7-7 with spring cotter 7-8 again, in case the dropping of shotpin axle 7-7, thereby two free bearings are connected as one, free bearing 7-5 seals up with cover plate 7-1 in the outside, the lubricated of free bearing 7-5 and hinge 7-9 is to add lubricating oil by lubricating cup 7-4, thereby guaranteed the long durability of this device.When the work lifting, lifting along with container, because free bearing 7-5 is welded on the cargo floor, so it also rotates around hinge 7-9, and hinge 7-9 and pipe 7-6 link together, pipe 7-6 is welded on the subframe again, because subframe is motionless when lifting, so hinge 7-9 and pipe 7-6 are motionless when lifting, so no matter be in lifting or under off position, the bottom of this device all is in a kind of relative static conditions, and it welds mutually with subframe, thereby has guaranteed steady, the safe characteristics of lifting of this device.
Embodiment 8 is substantially the same manner as Example 1, different is, and its cargo floor is a double walled floor, shown in Fig. 8-1, it is the birds-eye view of container under the dumping car normal circumstances, be welded with many reinforced rib 8-1 on lower shoe 8-3, welding upper plate 8-2 constitutes double-deck box bottom on reinforced rib 8-1 again.Container upper plate 8-2 is spliced to form by 8-12 piece plate, and every block of plate is welded in respectively on the reinforced rib 8-1 of correspondence position separately.Fig. 8-the 2nd, the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 8-1, reinforced rib 1 is corresponding with the crossbeam 8-4 position on being connected the container biside plate, makes reinforced rib 8-1 be superimposed upon on the crossbeam 8-4 by lower shoe 8-3.Crossbeam 8-4 one end is fixed on the box side, and the other end is fixed on the longeron 8-5 side.Fig. 8-the 3rd, the B-B cutaway view of Fig. 8-1, two longeron 8-5 are fixed on the vehicle frame shown in Fig. 8-3, and the side of longeron 8-5 is welded with the end of crossbeam 8-4, is welded with lower shoe 8-3 above the longeron 8-5.Fig. 8-the 4th, the C-C cutaway view of Fig. 8-1, shown in Fig. 8-4, container lower shoe 8-3 is a whole plate.
The quarry tipper of this mining heavy amount container during use, the base plate of container is not yielding, and does not have upper plate to have only the container quarry tipper of one deck base plate, cargo floor easy deformation, cracking, repair cost height and repairing efficiency is long, maybe can't repair and scraps.And adopt the container of this double walled floor structure, upper plate 8-2 to be easy to change upper plate 8-2 after damaging, weld again a upper plate 8-2 repair convenient, the cycle is short, has improved work efficiency and cost is low.
During use shown in Fig. 9-1, dumping car when having loaded material and travelled on the road surface because ground-surface cheat recessed injustice cause vehicle vibrations, jolt, stow material on the container 9-1 and skip container side plate upper edge 9-2.Under the effect of gravity; the material 9-3 that is scattered will speed up and moves downward; when falling the guide plate 9-5 that clashes into to apparatus for protecting tyres; based on physical Rigid Body Collision theory, mechanics of granular media theory; material 9-3 will be by the strong container two side areas of throwing to; away from normal vehicle operation road surface 9-9, thereby avoided rolling of tire 9-8, actv. has solved the major injury of rubble to tire.Thereby reduce a large amount of material spillings on dumping car cruising road surface, reduce because the rubble that is scattered in the road surface to the destruction of vehicle tyre, the service life of having improved tire greatly.
Embodiment 10 is substantially the same manner as Example 1, different is that it designs a kind of new-type leaf spring slide plate chair, shown in figure Figure 10-1, Figure 10-2, Figure 10-3, this seat material uses wear-resistant cast steel parts, pedestal is a tower structure, and the lower surface two ends on plane are to be the plane in the middle of the arcwall face of lower convexity on the pedestal; Arc surface 10-1 under shown in Figure 10-1.The upper surface of pedestal lower plane is the arc surface that raises up, and goes up arc surface 10-9 shown in Figure 10-1.Simultaneously the maximum space vertical distance between the upper surface of the lower surface on plane and lower plane deducts the longest 10-3 sheet of leaf spring gross thickness and interspaces apart from being 18mm on the control desk spring abutment body.Oil canal 10-2 and oil groove 10-3 are arranged on the last arc surface of pedestal lower plane, and oil canal 10-2 and oil groove 10-3 are communicated with, and import to oil groove 10-3 leaf spring 10-8 is lubricated so that grease is injected oil canal 10-2, reduce wear, and improve the leaf spring 10-8 life-span.
When jumping on vehicle bridge, shown in Figure 10-4, the leaf spring slide plate chair can be from spacing, leaf spring lower plane contact position 10-5 all is a circular arc when jumping on the 10-4 of plane contact place, the vehicle bridge on the leaf spring when jumping on the vehicle bridge, reduce like this and impact, reduce leaf spring 10-8 pressure, improve the leaf spring 10-8 life-span.
When jumping under vehicle bridge, shown in Figure 10-5, the leaf spring slide plate chair equally can be from spacing, when jumping under leaf spring lower plane contact position 10-6 and the vehicle bridge when jumping under the vehicle bridge on the leaf spring 10-7 of plane contact place all be circular arc, the same minimizing impacted, and reduces leaf spring 10-8 pressure, improves the leaf spring 10-8 life-span.
The present invention has defined the market of non-road vehicle in a word, and the market demand that foundation is determined has been determined the technical index of non-road vehicle, has finished the design of total arrangement simultaneously by technical requirement, and core has solved the vehicle ground system under the non-highway state.
Claims (5)
1. the method for designing of an off-highway self-discharging vehicle, which comprises at least car body, vehicle frame, power system, driving system, railway carriage, tire, brake system, it is characterized in that: its power system (1) is connected on the main car frame (8), steering swivel system (2) is connected the outside, left front of main car frame (8), suspension system (3) is connected main car frame (8) below, brake system (4) is connected the interior and outside of main car frame (8), the hydraulic ram of hoisting system (5) is connected subframe (9) above the front end and on the header board of container (6) by the oil cylinder Connection Block, container (6) is connected above the subframe (9), subframe (9) is connected above the main car frame (8) by support and connecting panel, and operator's compartment (7) is monolateral main car frame (8) left front that is arranged in; Container (6) bottom is connected with capacity of the tipping body upset free bearing device, free bearing (7-5) and the welding of container (6) bottom, hinge (7-9) passes free bearing (7-5) and penetrates pipe (7-6), pipe (7-6) is fixed on the subframe, bearing pin (7-7) passes pipe (7-6) and hinge (7-9), spring cotter (7-8) passes bearing pin (7-7) makes bearing pin (7-7) fixing, and cover plate (7-1) is fixed on the free bearing (7-5) by bolt (7-2) and bullet pad (7-3), and lubricating cup (7-4) is fixed on the free bearing (7-5).
2. the method for designing of a kind of off-highway self-discharging vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described container (6) and subframe (9) width are chosen between 2800～3800mm; Its operator's compartment (7) width is chosen between 1000mm～1500mm, and length is chosen in 1800mm-2400mm, highly is controlled between the 1480mm-1550mm; Its drive axle overall ratio should be between 8～13, and the maximum input torque that allows should be not less than 15000Nm, and wheelspan should be controlled at 2000～3000mm; Road clearance is not less than 350mm; Main car frame (8) adopts grooved end face bolted connection, and main car frame (8) width is chosen between the 1000mm-1800mm; The steering shaft axle load is greater than 8 tons, and steering resisting torque is greater than 6200Nm.
3. the method for designing of a kind of off-highway self-discharging vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described suspension system (3) is a kind of equalizer suspension frame structure, which comprises at least main spring, attaching parts, propelling rod, equalizer, various support, back axle (2-10), axle, jackshaft (2-18), bearing, vehicle frame (2-23), four crossbeams (2-24), its equalizer (2-4) is the concave shape that opening makes progress; Its main spring is rubber spring (2-1); Upper thrust rod (2-3) is the vee shape structure; Totally four of rubber springs (2-1), be connected the two ends of vehicle frame (2-23) left side equalizer (2-4) above two by bolt (2-2), be connected the two ends of vehicle frame (2-23) right side equalizer (2-4) above other two by bolt (2-2), four rubber springs (2-1) are connected on the axle housing finished surface of jackshaft (2-18) and back axle (2-10) below by bolt (2-11); Equalizer (2-4) middle part rubber shaft bearing (2-19), rubber shaft bearing lid (2-20), bolt (2-21) is connected balance shaft (2-16) two ends, balance shaft (2-16) is fixed in the balance shaft support (2-14), two balance shaft supports (2-14) are connected on the vehicle frame (2-23) by bolt (2-22), stomidium connects four lower thrust rods (2-13) end by bolt (2-15) under the balance shaft support (2-14) simultaneously, wherein the other end of two lower thrust rods (2-13) is by pin (2-17), lower thrust rod support (2-12), bolt (2-11) vertical equity is arranged in parallel in the jackshaft (2-18), and the other end of other two lower thrust rods (2-13) is by pin (2-17), lower thrust rod support (2-12), bolt (2-11) vertical equity is arranged in parallel in the back axle (2-10); Two V-arrangement upper thrust rods (2-3) end is connected on the finished surface of jackshaft (2-18) and back axle (2-10) middle part bridge package location by upper thrust rod bridge end support (2-8), bolt (2-9), bolt (2-7) and pin (2-17) respectively, and two V-arrangement upper thrust rods (2-3) other end is connected on four crossbeams (2-24) and the vehicle frame (2-23) by upper thrust rod beam-ends support (2-5) and bolt (2-6).
4. the method for designing of a kind of off-highway self-discharging vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described suspension system (3) is a kind of structure of suspension, which comprises at least upper thrust rod (3-1), upper thrust rod beam-ends support (3-2), upper thrust rod bridge end support (3-4), lower thrust rod bridge end support (3-9), support (3-11); Lower thrust rod (3-13); Jackshaft (3-14); Four crossbeams (3-15); Back axle (3-16) and attaching parts, upper thrust rod (3-1) and lower thrust rod (3-13), jackshaft (3-14) forms two four-bar linkages side by side with support (3-11), four crossbeams (3-15) by the front end that is connected four crossbeams (3-15) and the rear end of upper thrust rod fine strain of millet end support (3-2) and upper thrust rod support (3-4) and lower thrust rod support (3-9); Four upper thrust rods (3-1) two ends are connected on upper thrust rod beam-ends support (3-2) and the upper thrust rod bridge end support (3-4) by two bolts (3-17) respectively, monolateral 12 bolts (3-3) that pass through of upper thrust rod beam-ends support (3-2) are connected on four crossbeams (3-15) and the main car frame, and upper thrust rod bridge end support (3-4) is separately fixed on jackshaft (3-14) and the back axle (3-16) by six bolts (3-5) and a pin (3-6); Four lower thrust rods (3-13) end uses bolt (3-12) to be fixed on the support (3-11) respectively, the other end uses bolt (3-17) to be fixed on the lower thrust rod bridge end support (3-9) respectively, support (3-11) 14 bolts of monolateral usefulness (3-10) are connected four crossbeams (3-15) bottom, and lower thrust rod support (3-9) uses four bolts (3-7) and a pin (3-8) to be fixed on jackshaft (3-14) and the back axle (3-16) respectively; Four upper thrust rods (3-1) form splayed in the front-end and back-end of four crossbeams (3-15) respectively and arrange, four lower thrust rods (3-13) form the splayed layout in the front end and the rear end of four crossbeams (3-15) respectively, and the splayed distribution of four upper thrust rods (3-1) is opposite with the splayed opening direction that the splayed of four lower thrust rods (3-13) distributes.
5. the method for designing of a kind of off-highway self-discharging vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be connected with the hydraulic ram Connection Block on the hydraulic ram of described hoisting system (5), cylinder bracket (6-2) by bolted connection on cylinder support (6-6), the upper end of cylinder bracket (6-2) is fixed with limiting stopper (6-7), two-port U type groove cylinder support (6-6) outwardly is fixed on the parallel framework of two opposite side that connected and composed by two header board longerons (6-4) and two header board crossbeams (6-5), frame fixation is on container header board (6-3), and cylinder bracket (6-2) is connected with oil cylinder (6-1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102325055A CN101486327B (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2008-11-28 | Design method for off-highway self-discharging vehicle |
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| CN2010105548048A Division CN102001302B (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2008-11-28 | Off-highway dump truck for reducing abrasion and prolonging service life of plate spring |
| CN2010105548974A Division CN102001304B (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2008-11-28 | Off-highway dump truck convenient for disassembly |
| CN2010105548739A Division CN101983877B (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2008-11-28 | Large-carrying capacity off-highway dump truck |
| CN2010105548669A Division CN102001303B (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2008-11-28 | Design method of comfortable off-highway dump truck |
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| CN101486327B true CN101486327B (en) | 2011-04-13 |
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| CN102653222A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-09-05 | 三一矿机有限公司 | Balanced suspension device of dump truck and dump truck comprising same |
| CN103754143A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-30 | 柳州正菱集团有限公司 | Footstock of oil cylinder of dumper truck |
| CN103895465A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-07-02 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Vehicle and rubber spring suspension system thereof |
| CN104085341A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-10-08 | 三一矿机有限公司 | Dumper lifting mechanism, application method thereof and dumper |
| CN110159622A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-23 | 巨硕精密机械(常熟)有限公司 | Connecting unit of profile material with holes |
| CN113753131A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-12-07 | 吴桃 | Five-wheel vehicle chassis |
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| CN2656209Y (en) * | 2003-11-03 | 2004-11-17 | 中国重型汽车集团有限公司 | Under cylinder back pushing type self unloading car lifting mechanism |
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| CN201148111Y (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2008-11-12 | 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 | All air suspension suitable for heavy truck |
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| CN2656209Y (en) * | 2003-11-03 | 2004-11-17 | 中国重型汽车集团有限公司 | Under cylinder back pushing type self unloading car lifting mechanism |
| CN201056174Y (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2008-05-07 | 内蒙古第一机械制造（集团）有限公司 | Lift type back discharge of concrete self-discharging transport vehicle |
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