CN101481876A - Aqueous polyurethane emulsion for synthetic leather and preparation thereof - Google Patents
Aqueous polyurethane emulsion for synthetic leather and preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of synthetic leather materials, in particular to an aqueous polyurethane emulsion for synthetic leather and a preparation method thereof. Environment-friendly aqueous polyurethane resins with different adaptabilities are manufactured by selecting materials with different functions, such as isocyanate, polyester polyol, a modified nano-silicon dioxide and the like by a high-molecular alloy technology. The aqueous polyurethane resin has the advantages of adequate raw material sources, reliable process and high solid content up to 30-40%, no organic solvent in a product, environmental protection and wide application range. The synthetic leather prepared by the aqueous polyurethane emulsion has the advantages of excellent abrasive resistance, high tear strength, high extensibility up to 400-700% and high tensile strength up to 20-45MPa and can replace PVC artificial leather, PU leather and natural leather; the synthetic material has the advantages of good hand feeling, comfort and good recoverability, as well as good water resistance, good abrasive resistance, good acid resistance, good alkali resistance, high temperature resistance and the like; and compared with the traditional synthetic leather, various technical performances of the synthetic material are obviously improved.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to synthetic leather material technology field, particularly a kind of aqueous polyurethane emulsion that is used for synthetic leather and preparation method thereof.
Background technology:
Polyurethane (PU) synthetic leather has excellent abrasive, good tearing strength and percentage elongation, give simultaneously that leather and fur products has an even surface, good hand feeling, comfortable, characteristics such as recovery good, moderate cost, the PU leather has not only substituted a lot of expensive natural leathercrafts, and replaced low-grade, cheap PVC artificial leather gradually, now become a kind of obligato consumer goods in people's life.Since Synthetic Leather is born, experienced profiling, emulation developing stage, entered high simulation stage at present.Now Synthetic Leather be microstructure or physical property all near natural leather, even some mechanical property surpasses natural leather out and away, but ventilative and waterproof are a pair of contradiction, ventilative generally all permeable, this problem never is resolved.At present comfort preferably Synthetic Leather be to be base cloth with island shape superfine fibre, be coated with polyurethane resin on the base cloth, coat surface conditioning agents such as finishing agent on the polyurethane resin surface again.This synthetic leather product is not only ventilative but also permeable, no water proofing property, and also micropore easily stops up.Synthetic leather generally is made up of for three layers base cloth, polyurethane resin, decorations.In these three layers, one deck all should have water-proof breathable properties arbitrarily, and synthetic leather just has water-proof breathable properties.Wherein most critical is the most scabrous is the ventilative and water proofing property of urethane resin layer.In the present domestic synthetic leather production process, all adopt solvent-borne type PU resin as the base stock of producing leather product basic unit and surface layer, such PU resin contains a large amount of organic solvents, health of people is had a strong impact on, along with environmental regulation improve day by day and people to the pursuit of environment, traditional solvent type resin is faced with more and more severe challenge.Waterborne polyurethane resin is owing to not containing solvent or a small amount of solvent, and is environmentally friendly, just is being subjected to the extensive concern of society in recent years.In main synthetic leather producing country such as the U.S., Italy, Japan, Korea S, eliminated solvent-borne type PU naval stores gradually, adopted aqueous environment protection polyurethane resin synthetic leather slurry.The present aqueous polyurethane of China also is in the Preliminary Applications stage.Perfect day by day along with the national environmental protection rules, the prospect for sales of water-based series of products is tempting, and aqueous polyurethane is because its excellent material performance makes its range of application very wide.Domestic present aqueous polyurethane do not solve fundamentally that it is water-fast and wear-resisting, the problem of anti-xanthochromia particularly.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that above Synthetic Leather serum material exists, adopt up-to-date high polymer alloy technology to make the preparation method of the different environment-friendly water-based polyurethane resin emulsion of adaptability.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of aqueous polyurethane emulsion that is used for synthetic leather, this aqueous polyurethane emulsion comprise at least a vulcabond of (a) component and (b) at least a polyether polyol of component and (c) the component organic silicon compound in miniemulsion, react and make;
Wherein vulcabond comprise isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), XDI (XDI), toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) (TDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), methyl diphenylene diisocyanate (MDI), two cyclohexyl methane diisocyanates (HMDI) any one, and their mixture;
Wherein polyether polyol comprise polyoxypropyleneglycol, polyoxypropyleneglycol or polypropylene oxide triol any and composition thereof, Mw is usually 1000～6000, hydroxyl value is at 120～150mgKOH/g;
Wherein organo-silicon compound comprise: vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxy silane, amine propyl-triethoxysilicane, the urea propyl-triethoxysilicane, tert-butyl chloro-silicane, tri-phenyl chloride, various substituted-phenyl dimethylchlorosilanes, dimethylchlorosilane;
Also comprise modifier 2,2-dihydromethyl propionic acid (DMPA), triethylamine, amino chain extender, 3-hydroxyl-2-(methylol)-2 Methylpropionic acid, nano silicon.
Component (a) is 1.0～3.0: 1.0～2.0 with the ratio of component (b), (c): 0.01～0.02.
Component (a) is 1.0～1.6: 1.0～2.0 with the ratio of component (b), (c): 0.01～0.02.
Component (a) is 1: 1: 0.01 with the ratio of component (b), (c).
Use molecular weight 800～3000 can with the polyether polyols of di-isocyanate reaction.
A kind of preparation method who is used for the aqueous polyurethane emulsion of synthetic leather: may further comprise the steps: with 60～100 parts of vulcabond, it comprises isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), XDI (XDI), toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) (TDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), methyl diphenylene diisocyanate (MDI), two cyclohexyl methane diisocyanate (HMDI) and their mixtures, 100～300 parts of polyether polyol, comprise polyoxypropyleneglycol, any one of polyoxypropyleneglycol or polypropylene oxide triol and composition thereof, Mw is usually 1000～6000, and hydroxyl value is at 120～150mgKOH/g; 5～30 parts of 2,2-dihydromethyl propionic acids (DMPA), 1～2 part of organosilicon reagent adds in the container, at room temperature stirs, and is being connected with under the condition of nitrogen, and 60～100 ℃ of reactions of temperature control 3～6 hours obtain performed polymer; Under 0～15 ℃, above-mentioned performed polymer slowly is added drop-wise in 400～900 parts of deionized waters that are dissolved with 3～20 parts of triethylamines, high-speed stirred emulsification, under high-speed stirred, continue to add 20～100 parts of nano silicons again, 10～30 parts of amino chain extenders obtain the emulsion of solid content at 50～70wt% 5～50 ℃ of reactions 1～6 hour.Wherein amino chain extender is selected from monoamine, diamine, polyamines and their mixture thereof with different ammonia values, viscosity, and the amine value is 0.2～1.2mmol/100g, and viscosity is 100～5000mpa.s.
We's ratio juris is: the method that adopts " from surface grafting ", at first use the finishing agent MTES, vinyltriethoxysilane is carried out surface functionalization to nano silicon and is handled, its surface is contained and the diisocyanate based amino that strong respond is arranged, form the initiation point of polymerisation, reactant isocyanates and polyethers (or polyester) are directly reacted in nanoparticle surface, therefore the silica of surface functionalization can combine with the covalent bond form with polyurethane molecular, form the polyether polyols with reduced unsaturation brush by the group of molecules packing technique in nanoparticle surface, and introducing hydrophilic monomer chain extender, rely on these hydrophilic radicals to make it emulsification and prepare the aqueous polyurethane nano emulsion, that formation has is inorganic-organic interpenetrating networks, make the crosslink density of filming, its TENSILE STRENGTH, elongation at break, hardness, ABRASION RESISTANCE, scrubbing resistance and the resistance to water performance of filming are all improved significantly, can reach the main performance index of solvent-borne type polyester, its performance can compare favourably with the solvent-borne type polyester fully.Nano material has special natures such as skin effect, small-size effect, optical effect, quantum size effect, macroscopic quantum dimensional effect, can make material obtain new function.Adopt chemical modification to disperse inorganic nanoparticles, give nanometer SiO by chemical reaction
2The organic compound film (promptly surface hydroxyl being coated) that particle surface is certain reduces nanometer SiO
2The hydroxyl quantity on surface improves the dispersiveness of nano particle in organic substrate.With organosilicon to SiO
2Modification is carried out on the surface, adopt HMDS in fluidized-bed reactor to gas phase SiO
2Carry out surface treatment, improve nanometer SiO
2Aggregating state, handle nanometer SiO with MTES, vinyltriethoxysilane at 35 ℃
28h obtains organic-silicon-modified nanometer SiO
2By the function served as bridge of silane coupler, improve both interactions, increase the compatibility of nano particle in polymeric matrix.Adopt solgel reaction to make nanometer SiO
2Particle, then by ultrasonic dispersion machine with nanometer SiO
2Dispersion of Particles is prepared polyurethane/SiO in polyurethane resin
2Nano composite material.Make nanometer SiO
2Uniform particles is dispersed in the polyurethane, and reaction has taken place, polyurethane/SiO with the group of polyurethane
2Nano composite material has modulus and the in-fighting peak intensity higher than pure polyurethane resin, and TENSILE STRENGTH and stretch modulus are greatly improved.The inorganic SiO that the surface is not modified
2Particle is scattered in polyurethane micella inside, has prepared the core/shell type dispersion, has high storage stability and film forming characteristics.Adopt blending method, in pre-polymerization near when finishing, the nanometer SiO that adds fully scattered
2Liquid (solid content 15%) obtains solid content at 50%～70% nanometer SiO
2Modified waterborne polyurethane, its viscosity is low, good fluidity, good, the strong adhesion of filming performance.
The another kind of preparation method of organic silicon modified aqueous polyurethane emulsion is the vulcabond with 60～80 parts, 15～25 parts nano silicon, 120～200 parts polyether polyol, 3-hydroxyl-2-(methylol)-2 Methylpropionic acid of 10～20 parts, trihydroxy methyl propionic acid, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) methyl propionate are in the reactor of secluding air, 70～90 ℃ of control reaction temperature, reacted 5～8 hours, and obtained performed polymer; Under 0～15 ℃, above-mentioned performed polymer slowly is added drop-wise in the 400-900 part deionized water that is dissolved with 8～20 parts of triethylamines, high-speed stirred emulsification, under high-speed stirred, continue to add 10～50 parts of inorganic silicon compounds again, 20～50 ℃ of reactions 3～6 hours, obtain the emulsion of solid content at 50～68wt%.
We's ratio juris is: the modification of copolymerization organic silicon modified aqueous polyurethane, the polysiloxane oligomers (as hydroxy silicon oil, amido silicon oil, amino or alkoxy end-capped silane coupler etc.) that has reactive functional groups by two ends makes block copolymer with polyisocyanates through progressively addition, polymerization, and polysiloxane emulsion can improve the water-fast and solvent resistance of aqueous polyurethane.In synthetic performed polymer process, hydroxy silicon oil or amido silicon oil are introduced in the polyurethane segment.The reactivity of hydroxy silicon oil is moderate, and the building-up process reacting balance is controlled well than amido silicon oil, perhaps introduces the amido silicon oil chain extension in the performed polymer emulsification.Under solvent-free condition, the mode of employing chain extension makes the aqueous polyurethane emulsion of aminosilane coupling agent modifying, and the woodenware water paint so that this silane coupler modified aqueous polyurethane emulsion makes has good resistance to water, adhesive force and mechanical property.Its resistance to water of organic-silicon-modified aqueous polyurethane coating, heat resistance and lower temperature resistance are greatly improved.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: sufficient raw of the present invention, and technology is reliable, and solid content is 30～40%, and product does not contain organic solvent, and is environmentally friendly, applied range; Synthetic leather based on aqueous polyurethane emulsion method preparation of the present invention has excellent abrasive, good tearing strength, and percentage elongation is 400～700%, TENSILE STRENGTH can reach 20～45MPa, can replace the PVC artificial leather, PU leather, natural skin, and synthetic material have good hand feeling, comfortable, recovery good, it is water-fast, wear-resisting, acidproof pH＜4, alkaline-resisting pH〉12, high temperature resistant advantages such as 250 ℃, compare with traditional synthetic leather, each basic mechanical design feature all is significantly improved.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1
With 100 parts of toluene di-isocyanate(TDI)s (TDI), 120 parts of polyoxypropyleneglycols, 20 part 2,2-dihydromethyl propionic acid (DMPA), 2 parts of tert-butyl chloro-silicanes are added under stirring at room in the reaction vessel that is connected with nitrogen, and 80 ℃ of reactions of temperature control 5 hours obtain performed polymer; Under 5 ℃, above-mentioned performed polymer slowly is added drop-wise in 500 parts of deionized waters that are dissolved with 10 parts of triethylamines, high-speed stirred emulsification, under high-speed stirred, continue to add 100 parts of nano silicons and 20 part (3 again, 3 '-diethyl-4,4 '-diaminodiphenylmethane) the amino chain extender of end obtains the aqueous polyurethane emulsion that solid content is 60wt% 20 ℃ of reactions 5 hours.
Embodiment 2
With 70 parts two cyclohexyl methane diisocyanates, 160 parts polypropylene oxide triol, 3-hydroxyl-2-(methylol)-2 Methylpropionic acid of 15 parts are in the reactor of secluding air, and 80 ℃ of control reaction temperature were reacted 6 hours, obtained performed polymer; Under 0 ℃, above-mentioned performed polymer slowly is added drop-wise in 600 parts of deionized waters that are dissolved with 10 parts of triethylamines, and high-speed stirred emulsification continues to add 20 parts of nano silicons again under high-speed stirred, 30 ℃ of reactions 5 hours, obtain the aqueous polyurethane emulsion of solid content at 55wt%.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of aqueous polyurethane emulsion that is used for synthetic leather is characterized in that: this aqueous polyurethane emulsion comprises (a) component: at least a vulcabond and (b) component: at least a polyether polyol and (c) component: organo-silicon compound react in miniemulsion and make;
Wherein vulcabond comprises any one of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), XDI (XDI), toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) (TDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), methyl diphenylene diisocyanate (MDI), dicyclohexyl methyl hydride diisocyanate (HMDI), and their mixture;
Wherein polyether polyol comprise polyoxypropyleneglycol, polypropylene oxide triol any one and composition thereof, Mw is 1000～6000, hydroxyl value is at 120～150mgKOH/g;
Wherein organo-silicon compound comprise: vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxy silane, amine propyl-triethoxysilicane, urea propyl-triethoxysilicane, tert-butyl chloro-silicane, tri-phenyl chloride, various substituted-phenyl dimethylchlorosilanes;
Also comprise modifier 2,2-dihydromethyl propionic acid (DMPA), triethylamine, amino chain extender, 3-hydroxyl-2-(methylol)-2 Methylpropionic acid, nano silicon.
2, a kind of aqueous polyurethane emulsion that is used for synthetic leather according to claim 1 is characterized in that: component (a) is 1.0～3.0: 1.0～2.0 with the ratio of component (b), (c) component: 0.01～0.02.
3, a kind of aqueous polyurethane emulsion that is used for synthetic leather according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: component (a) is 1.0～1.6: 1.0～2.0 with the ratio of component (b), (c) component: 0.01～0.02.
4, according to any described a kind of aqueous polyurethane emulsion that is used for synthetic leather of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: component (a) is 1: 1: 0.01 with the ratio of component (b), (c).
5, according to any described a kind of aqueous polyurethane emulsion that is used for synthetic leather of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: use molecular weight 800～3000 can with the polyether polyols of di-isocyanate reaction.
6, according to any described a kind of aqueous polyurethane emulsion that is used for synthetic leather of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: it also comprises monofunctional monomer, and based on component (a) and component (b), (c) meter, the shared umber of monofunctional monomer is less than 8% mole.
7, a kind of preparation method who is used for the aqueous polyurethane emulsion of synthetic leather: it is characterized in that: comprise following two kinds of preparation methods: first kind of preparation method is: with 60～100 parts of vulcabond, 100～300 parts of polyether polyol, 5～30 part 2,2-dihydromethyl propionic acid (DMPA), 1～2 part of organosilicon reagent adds in the container successively, at room temperature stirs, and is being connected with under the condition of nitrogen, 60～100 ℃ of reactions of temperature control 3～6 hours obtain performed polymer; Under 0～15 ℃, above-mentioned performed polymer slowly is added drop-wise in 400～900 parts of deionized waters that are dissolved with 3～20 parts of triethylamines, high-speed stirred emulsification, under high-speed stirred, continue to add 2～20 parts of nano silicons again, 5～50 ℃ of reactions 1～6 hour, obtain the aqueous polyurethane emulsion of solid content at 50～70wt%; Wherein amino chain extender is selected from monoamine, diamine polyamines and their mixture thereof with different ammonia values, viscosity, and the amine value is 0.2～1.2mmol/100g, and viscosity is 100～5000mpa.s; The second method of preparation aqueous polyurethane emulsion is: with 60～80 parts vulcabond, 15～25 parts nano silicon, 120～200 parts polyether polyol, 10～20 parts of 3-hydroxyl-2-(methylol)-2 Methylpropionic acid is in the reactor of secluding air, 70～90 ℃ of control reaction temperature, reacted 5～8 hours, and obtained performed polymer; Under 0～15 ℃, above-mentioned performed polymer slowly is added drop-wise in 400～900 parts of deionized waters that are dissolved with 8～20 parts of triethylamines, high-speed stirred emulsification, under high-speed stirred, continue to add 10～50 parts of nano-silicon compounds again, 20～50 ℃ of reactions 3～6 hours, obtain the aqueous polyurethane emulsion of solid content at 50～68wt%.
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| CN104231209B (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2017-04-12 | 江苏日出化工有限公司 | Preparation method for high-hardness waterborne polyurethane dispersion |
| CN104610729A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-05-13 | 济南永昌利化工有限公司 | Flame retardant waterborne polyurethane and preparation method thereof |
| CN105040269B (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-05-03 | 浙江梅盛实业股份有限公司 | Green microfiber fabric |
| CN105040269A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-11-11 | 浙江梅盛实业股份有限公司 | Green microfiber fabric and manufacture process thereof |
| CN107880430A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-04-06 | 广东天安新材料股份有限公司 | The feedstock composition and synthetic leather of synthetic leather surface layer |
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| CN110512434A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-29 | 广东恩典皮具服饰科技股份有限公司 | It is a kind of to continue cool feeling fabric and preparation method thereof |
| CN110684171A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-14 | 兰州科天水性高分子材料有限公司 | Waterborne polyurethane emulsion and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114232330A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-25 | 东华大学 | Application of nano silicon dioxide/waterborne polyurethane composite material |
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